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Wenjie W, Rui L, Dongyong W, Lin C. Exploring the prognostic landscape of oral squamous cell carcinoma through mitochondrial damage-related genes. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:208. [PMID: 39134997 PMCID: PMC11321089 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-01985-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the most prevalent form of oral cancer, poses significant challenges to the medical community due to its high recurrence rate and low survival rate. Mitochondrial Damage-Related Genes (MDGs) have been closely associated with the occurrence, metastasis, and progression of OSCC. Consequently, we constructed a prognostic model for OSCC based on MDGs and identified potential mitochondrial damage-related biomarkers. Gene expression profiles and relevant clinical information were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Differential analysis was conducted to identify MDGs associated with OSCC. COX analysis was employed to screen seven prognosis-related MDGs and build a prognostic prediction model for OSCC. Cases were categorized into low-risk or high-risk groups based on the optimal risk score threshold. Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis revealed significant survival differences (P < 0.05). Additionally, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for patient survival at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years were 0.687, 0.704, and 0.70, respectively, indicating a high long-term predictive accuracy of the prognostic model. To enhance predictive accuracy, age, gender, risk score, and TN staging were incorporated into a nomogram and verified using calibration curves. Risk scoring based on MDGs was identified as a potential independent prognostic biomarker. Furthermore, BID and SLC25A20 were identified as two potential independent mitochondrial damage-related prognostic biomarkers, offering new therapeutic targets for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wenjie
- Anhui Province Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
- Oral Disease Research Center, School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Li Rui
- Anhui Province Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
- Oral Disease Research Center, School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Wang Dongyong
- Anhui Province Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Chai Lin
- Anhui Province Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Application, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China.
- Oral Disease Research Center, School of Stomatology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China.
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2
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Wu J, Huang M, Dong W, Chen Y, Zhou Q, Zhang Q, Zheng J, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Liu S, Yang C, Chen S, Huang J, Lin T, Chen X. SUMO E3 ligase MUL1 inhibits lymph node metastasis of bladder cancer by mediating mitochondrial HSPA9 translocation. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:3986-4006. [PMID: 39113711 PMCID: PMC11302872 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.98772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymph node (LN) metastasis is the dominant cause of death in bladder cancer (BCa) patients, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In recent years, accumulating studies have confirmed that bidirectional mitochondria-nucleus communication is essential for sustaining multiple function of mitochondria. However, little has been studied regarding whether and how the translocation of mitochondrial proteins is involved in LN metastasis. In this study, we first identified that the SUMO E3 ligase MUL1 was significantly downregulated in LN-metastatic BCa tissues and correlated with a good prognosis. Mechanistically, MUL1 SUMOylated HSPA9 at the K612 residue, leading to HSPA9 export from mitochondria and interaction with SUZ12 and in the nucleus. Consequently, MUL1 induced the ubiquitination-mediated degradation of SUZ12 and EZH2 and induced downstream STAT3 pathway inhibition in a HSPA9-dependent manner. Importantly, mutation of HSPA9 SUMO-conjugation motifs limited the translocation of mitochondrial HSPA9 and blocked the HSPA9-SUZ12 and HSPA9-EZH2 interactions. With mutation of the HSPA9 K612 site, the suppressive role of MUL1 overexpression was lost in BCa cells. Further in vitro and in vivo assays revealed that MUL1 inhibits the metastasis and proliferation of BCa cells. Overall, our study reveals a novel function and molecular mechanism of SUMO E3 ligases in LN metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilin Wu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Wen Dong
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Yuelong Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Qianghua Zhou
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Junjiong Zheng
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Yeqing Liu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Yangjie Zhang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Sen Liu
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Chenwei Yang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Siting Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Tianxin Lin
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
- Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Urological Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
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3
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Chinopoulos C. Complex I activity in hypoxia: implications for oncometabolism. Biochem Soc Trans 2024; 52:529-538. [PMID: 38526218 PMCID: PMC11088919 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Certain cancer cells within solid tumors experience hypoxia, rendering them incapable of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Despite this oxygen deficiency, these cells exhibit biochemical pathway activity that relies on NAD+. This mini-review scrutinizes the persistent, residual Complex I activity that oxidizes NADH in the absence of oxygen as the electron acceptor. The resulting NAD+ assumes a pivotal role in fueling the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex, a critical component in the oxidative decarboxylation branch of glutaminolysis - a hallmark oncometabolic pathway. The proposition is that through glutamine catabolism, high-energy phosphate intermediates are produced via substrate-level phosphorylation in the mitochondrial matrix substantiated by succinyl-CoA ligase, partially compensating for an OXPHOS deficiency. These insights provide a rationale for exploring Complex I inhibitors in cancer treatment, even when OXPHOS functionality is already compromised.
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4
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Ma J, Pan Z, Du H, Chen X, Zhu X, Hao W, Zheng Q, Tang X. Luteolin induces apoptosis by impairing mitochondrial function and targeting the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:327. [PMID: 37415631 PMCID: PMC10320424 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide. Research has focused on exploring natural medicines to improve the systematic chemotherapy for gastric cancer. Luteolin, a natural flavonoid, possesses anticancer activities. Nevertheless, the mechanism of the anticancer effects of luteolin is still not clear. The present study aimed to verify the inhibitory effect of luteolin on gastric cancer HGC-27, MFC and MKN-45 cells and to explore the underlying mechanism. A Cell Counting Kit-8 cell viability assay, flow cytometry, western blot, an ATP content assay and an enzyme activity testing assay were used. Luteolin inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer HGC-27, MFC and MKN-45 cells. Further, it impaired mitochondrial integrity and function by destroying the mitochondrial membrane potential, downregulating the activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain complexes (mainly complexes I, III and V), and unbalancing the expression of B cell lymphoma-2 family member proteins, eventually leading to apoptosis of gastric cancer HGC-27, MFC and MKN-45 cells. The intrinsic apoptosis pathway was involved in luteolin's anti-gastric cancer effects. Furthermore, mitochondria were the main target in luteolin-induced gastric cancer apoptosis. The present study may provide a theoretical basis for the research on the effect of luteolin on the mitochondrial metabolism in cancer cells, and pave the way for its practical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohai Pan
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Hongchao Du
- Department of General Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Affiliated Yantai Yeda Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 265599, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Xuejie Zhu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Wenjin Hao
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, P.R. China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832099, P.R. China
| | - Xuexi Tang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P.R. China
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5
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Doczi J, Karnok N, Bui D, Azarov V, Pallag G, Nazarian S, Czumbel B, Seyfried TN, Chinopoulos C. Viability of HepG2 and MCF-7 cells is not correlated with mitochondrial bioenergetics. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10822. [PMID: 37402778 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in metabolism are a hallmark of cancer. It is unclear if oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is necessary for tumour cell survival. In this study, we investigated the effects of severe hypoxia, site-specific inhibition of respiratory chain (RC) components, and uncouplers on necrotic and apoptotic markers in 2D-cultured HepG2 and MCF-7 tumour cells. Comparable respiratory complex activities were observed in both cell lines. However, HepG2 cells exhibited significantly higher oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and respiratory capacity than MCF-7 cells. Significant non-mitochondrial OCR was observed in MCF-7 cells, which was insensitive to acute combined inhibition of complexes I and III. Pre-treatment of either cell line with RC inhibitors for 24-72 h resulted in the complete abolition of respective complex activities and OCRs. This was accompanied by a time-dependent decrease in citrate synthase activity, suggesting mitophagy. High-content automated microscopy recordings revealed that the viability of HepG2 cells was mostly unaffected by any pharmacological treatment or severe hypoxia. In contrast, the viability of MCF-7 cells was strongly affected by inhibition of complex IV (CIV) or complex V (CV), severe hypoxia, and uncoupling. However, it was only moderately affected by inhibition of complexes I, II, and III. Cell death in MCF-7 cells induced by inhibition of complexes II, III, and IV was partially abrogated by aspartate. These findings indicate that OXPHOS activity and viability are not correlated in these cell lines, suggesting that the connection between OXPHOS and cancer cell survival is dependent on the specific cell type and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Doczi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Noemi Karnok
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - David Bui
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Victoria Azarov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Gergely Pallag
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Sara Nazarian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | - Bence Czumbel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary
| | | | - Christos Chinopoulos
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, 1094, Hungary.
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6
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Li N, Liu B, Xiong R, Li G, Wang B, Geng Q. HDAC3 deficiency protects against acute lung injury by maintaining epithelial barrier integrity through preserving mitochondrial quality control. Redox Biol 2023; 63:102746. [PMID: 37244125 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is one common cause of acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is closely associated with high mortality in intensive care units (ICU). Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) serves as an important epigenetic modifying enzyme which could affect chromatin structure and transcriptional regulation. Here, we explored the effects of HDAC3 in type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT2) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and shed light on potential molecular mechanisms. We generated ALI mouse model with HDAC3 conditional knockout mice (Sftpc-cre; Hdac3f/f) in AT2 and the roles of HDAC3 in ALI and epithelial barrier integrity were investigated in LPS-treated AT2. The levels of HDAC3 were significantly upregulated in lung tissues from mice with sepsis and in LPS-treated AT2. HDAC3 deficiency in AT2 not only decreased inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, but also maintained epithelial barrier integrity. Meanwhile, HDAC3 deficiency in LPS-treated AT2 preserved mitochondrial quality control (MQC), evidenced by the shift of mitochondria from fission into fusion, decreased mitophagy, and improved fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Mechanically, HDAC3 promoted the transcription of Rho-associated protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) in AT2. In the context of LPS stimulation, the upregulated ROCK1 elicited by HDAC3 could be phosphorylated by Rho-associated (RhoA), thus disturbing MQC and triggering ALI. Furthermore, we found that forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) was one of transcription factors of ROCK1. HDAC3 directly decreased the acetylation of FOXO1 and promoted its nuclear translocation in LPS-treated AT2. Finally, HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966 alleviated epithelial damage and improved MQC in LPS-treated AT2. Altogether, HDAC3 deficiency in AT2 alleviated sepsis-induced ALI by preserving mitochondrial quality control via FOXO1-ROCK1 axis, which provided a potential strategy for the treatment of sepsis and ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Bohao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guorui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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7
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Wei Y, Xiao G, Xu H, Sun X, Shi Y, Wang F, Kang J, Peng J, Zhou F. Radiation resistance of cancer cells caused by mitochondrial dysfunction depends on SIRT3-mediated mitophagy. FEBS J 2023. [PMID: 36871142 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiation resistance is the leading cause of radiotherapy failure in patients with cancer. Enhanced DNA damage repair is the main reason for cancer cells to develop resistance to radiation. Autophagy has been widely reported to be linked to increased genome stability and radiation resistance. Mitochondria are highly involved in the cell response to radiotherapy. However, the autophagy subtype mitophagy has not been studied in terms of genome stability. We have previously demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction is the cause of radiation resistance in tumour cells. In the present study, we found that SIRT3 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer cells with mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy. Excessive activation of mitophagy enhanced DNA damage repair, therefore promoting the resistance of tumour cells to radiation. Mechanistically, mitophagy resulted in decreased RING1b expression, which led to a reduction in the ubiquitination of histone H2A at K119, thereby enhancing the repair of DNA damage caused by radiation. Additionally, high expression of SIRT3 was related to a poor tumour regression grade in rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant radiotherapy. These findings suggest that restoring mitochondrial function could be an effective method for increasing the radiosensitivity of patients with colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wei
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohui Xiao
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuehua Sun
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingying Shi
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinlin Kang
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin Peng
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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8
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Mitochondrial fitness and cancer risk. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273520. [PMID: 36223343 PMCID: PMC9555630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in metabolism are a hallmark of cancer, but molecular signatures of altered bioenergetics to aid in clinical decision-making do not currently exist. We recently identified a group of human tumors with constitutively reduced expression of the mitochondrial structural protein, Mic60, also called mitofilin or inner membrane mitochondrial protein (IMMT). These Mic60-low tumors exhibit severe loss of mitochondrial fitness, paradoxically accompanied by increased metastatic propensity and upregulation of a unique transcriptome of Interferon (IFN) signaling and Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP). Here, we show that an optimized, 11-gene signature of Mic60-low tumors is differentially expressed in multiple malignancies, compared to normal tissues, and correlates with poor patient outcome. When analyzed in three independent patient cohorts of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the Mic60-low gene signature was associated with aggressive disease variants, local inflammation, FOLFIRINOX failure and shortened survival, independently of age, gender, or stage. Therefore, the 11-gene Mic60-low signature may provide an easily accessible molecular tool to stratify patient risk in PDAC and potentially other malignancies.
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9
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Yang YX, Liu MS, Liu XJ, Zhang YC, Hu YY, Gao RS, Pang EK, Hou L, Wang JC, Fei WY. Porous Se@SiO 2 nanoparticles improve oxidative injury to promote muscle regeneration via modulating mitochondria. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1547-1565. [PMID: 36331417 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acute skeletal muscle injuries are common among physical or sports traumas. The excessive oxidative stress at the site of injury impairs muscle regeneration. The authors have recently developed porous Se@SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) with antioxidant properties. Methods: The protective effects were evaluated by cell proliferation, myogenic differentiation and mitochondrial activity. Then, the therapeutic effect was investigated in a cardiotoxin-induced muscle injury rat model. Results: Porous Se@SiO2 NPs significantly protected the morphological and functional stability of mitochondria, thus protecting satellite cells from H2O2-induced damage to cell proliferation and myogenic differentiation. In the rat model, intervention with porous Se@SiO2 NPs promoted muscle regeneration. Conclusion: This study reveals the application potential of porous Se@SiO2 NPs in skeletal muscle diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xia Yang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Sports Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Sheng Liu
- Sports Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Jian Liu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Sports Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Hu
- Sports Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Rang-Shan Gao
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Sports Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Er-Kai Pang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Sports Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Hou
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, People's Republic of China.,Sports Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Cheng Wang
- Sports Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yong Fei
- Sports Medicine Department, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225001, People's Republic of China
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10
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Seyfried TN, Arismendi-Morillo G, Zuccoli G, Lee DC, Duraj T, Elsakka AM, Maroon JC, Mukherjee P, Ta L, Shelton L, D'Agostino D, Kiebish M, Chinopoulos C. Metabolic management of microenvironment acidity in glioblastoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:968351. [PMID: 36059707 PMCID: PMC9428719 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.968351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), similar to most cancers, is dependent on fermentation metabolism for the synthesis of biomass and energy (ATP) regardless of the cellular or genetic heterogeneity seen within the tumor. The transition from respiration to fermentation arises from the documented defects in the number, the structure, and the function of mitochondria and mitochondrial-associated membranes in GBM tissue. Glucose and glutamine are the major fermentable fuels that drive GBM growth. The major waste products of GBM cell fermentation (lactic acid, glutamic acid, and succinic acid) will acidify the microenvironment and are largely responsible for drug resistance, enhanced invasion, immunosuppression, and metastasis. Besides surgical debulking, therapies used for GBM management (radiation, chemotherapy, and steroids) enhance microenvironment acidification and, although often providing a time-limited disease control, will thus favor tumor recurrence and complications. The simultaneous restriction of glucose and glutamine, while elevating non-fermentable, anti-inflammatory ketone bodies, can help restore the pH balance of the microenvironment while, at the same time, providing a non-toxic therapeutic strategy for killing most of the neoplastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas N. Seyfried
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Thomas N. Seyfried,
| | - Gabriel Arismendi-Morillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Giulio Zuccoli
- The Program for the Study of Neurodevelopment in Rare Disorders (NDRD), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Derek C. Lee
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Tomas Duraj
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Applied Molecular Medicine (IMMA), CEU San Pablo University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ahmed M. Elsakka
- Neuro Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Joseph C. Maroon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Purna Mukherjee
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | - Linh Ta
- Biology Department, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, United States
| | | | - Dominic D'Agostino
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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11
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Kalyanaraman B, Cheng G, Hardy M. Therapeutic Targeting of Tumor Cells and Tumor Immune Microenvironment Vulnerabilities. Front Oncol 2022; 12:816504. [PMID: 35756631 PMCID: PMC9214210 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.816504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic targeting of tumor vulnerabilities is emerging as a key area of research. This review is focused on exploiting the vulnerabilities of tumor cells and the immune cells in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), including tumor hypoxia, tumor acidity, the bidirectional proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) of lactate, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and redox enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Cancer cells use glucose for energy even under normoxic conditions. Although cancer cells predominantly rely on glycolysis, many have fully functional mitochondria, suggesting that mitochondria are a vulnerable target organelle in cancer cells. Thus, one key distinction between cancer and normal cell metabolism is metabolic reprogramming. Mitochondria-targeted small molecule inhibitors of OXPHOS inhibit tumor proliferation and growth. Another hallmark of cancer is extracellular acidification due lactate accumulation. Emerging results show that lactate acts as a fuel for mitochondrial metabolism and supports tumor proliferation and growth. Metabolic reprogramming occurs in glycolysis-deficient tumor phenotypes and in kinase-targeted, drug-resistant cancers overexpressing OXPHOS genes. Glycolytic cancer cells located away from the vasculature overexpress MCT4 transporter to prevent overacidification by exporting lactate, and the oxidative cancer cells located near the vasculature express MCT1 transporter to provide energy through incorporation of lactate into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. MCTs are, therefore, a vulnerable target in cancer metabolism. MCT inhibitors exert synthetic lethality in combination with metformin, a weak inhibitor of OXPHOS, in cancer cells. Simultaneously targeting multiple vulnerabilities within mitochondria shows synergistic antiproliferative and antitumor effects. Developing tumor-selective, small molecule inhibitors of OXPHOS with a high therapeutic index is critical to fully exploiting the mitochondrial vulnerabilities. We and others developed small-molecule inhibitors containing triphenylphosphonium cation that potently inhibit OXPHOS in tumor cells and tissues. Factors affecting tumor cell vulnerabilities also impact immune cells in the TIME. Glycolytic tumor cells supply lactate to the tumor-suppressing regulatory T cells overexpressing MCTs. Therapeutic opportunities for targeting vulnerabilities in tumor cells and the TIME, as well as the implications on cancer health disparities and cancer treatment, are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaraman Kalyanaraman
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Center for Disease Prevention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Micael Hardy
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie Radicalaire (ICR), Marseille, France
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12
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Mittal A, Nenwani M, Sarangi I, Achreja A, Lawrence TS, Nagrath D. Radiotherapy-induced metabolic hallmarks in the tumor microenvironment. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:855-869. [PMID: 35750630 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Radiation is frequently administered for cancer treatment, but resistance or remission remains common. Cancer cells alter their metabolism after radiotherapy to reduce its cytotoxic effects. The influence of altered cancer metabolism extends to the tumor microenvironment (TME), where components of the TME exchange metabolites to support tumor growth. Combining radiotherapy with metabolic targets in the TME can improve therapy response. We review the metabolic rewiring of cancer cells following radiotherapy and put these observations in the context of the TME to describe the metabolic hallmarks of radiotherapy in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Mittal
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Human Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Minal Nenwani
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Human Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Itisam Sarangi
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Human Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Abhinav Achreja
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Human Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Theodore S Lawrence
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Deepak Nagrath
- Laboratory for Systems Biology of Human Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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13
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Xin Q, Ji Q, Zhang Y, Ma W, Tian B, Liu Y, Chen Y, Wang F, Zhang R, Wang X, Yuan J. Aberrant ROS Served as an Acquired Vulnerability of Cisplatin-Resistant Lung Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1112987. [PMID: 35770045 PMCID: PMC9236771 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1112987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer has become a global health issue in recent decades. Approximately 80-85% of cases are non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite the high rate of resistance, cisplatin-base chemotherapy is still the main treatment for NSCLC patients. Thus, overcoming cisplatin resistance is urgently needed in NSCLC therapy. In this study, we identify NADPH metabolism and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels as the main causes accounting for cisplatin resistance. Based on a small panel consisting of common chemotherapy drugs or compounds, APR-246 is proved to be an effective compound targeting cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells. APR-246 specially inhibits proliferation and colony formation of cisplatin-resistant cells. In details, APR-246 can significantly cause G0/G1 accumulation and S phase arrest of cisplatin resistant cells and gives rise to severe mitochondria dysfunction as well as elevated apoptosis. Further study proves that it is the aberrant ROS levels as well as NRF2/SLC7A11/GSH axis dysfunction accounting for the specific antitumor effects of APR-246. Scavenging ROS with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) disrupts the inhibitory effect of APR-246 on cisplatin-resistant cells. Mechanistically, NRF2 is specifically degraded by the proteasome following its own ubiquitylation in APR-246-treated cisplatin-resistant cells, which in turn decreases NRF2/SLC7A11/GSH axis activity. Our study provides new insights into the biology driving cisplatin resistance of lung cancer and highlights APR-246 as a potential therapeutic reagent for overcoming cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xin
- Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Qinghong Ji
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Weihong Ma
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Baoqing Tian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Yunsong Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Xingwu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
| | - Jupeng Yuan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, China
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
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14
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Yi WR, Tu MJ, Yu AX, Lin J, Yu AM. Bioengineered miR-34a modulates mitochondrial inner membrane protein 17 like 2 (MPV17L2) expression toward the control of cancer cell mitochondrial functions. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12489-12503. [PMID: 35579419 PMCID: PMC9276019 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2076399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-derived microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) control post-transcriptional gene expression critical for various cellular processes. Recently, we have invented a novel platform technology to achieve high-yield production of fully humanized, bioengineered miRNA agents (hBERAs) for research and development. This study is aimed to produce and utilize a new biologic miR-34a-5p (or miR-34a) molecule, namely, hBERA/miR-34a, to delineate the role of miR-34a-5p in the regulation of mitochondrial functions in human carcinoma cells. Bioengineered hBERA/miR-34a was produced through in vivo fermentation production and purified by anion exchange fast protein liquid chromatography. hEBRA/miR-34a was processed to target miR-34a-5p in human osteosarcoma and lung cancer cells, as determined by selective stem-loop reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The mitochondrial inner membrane protein MPV17 like 2 (MPV17L2) was validated as a direct target for miR-34a-5p by dual luciferase reporter assay. Western blot analysis revealed that bioengineered miR-34a-5p effectively reduced MPV17L2 protein outcomes, leading to much lower levels of respiratory chain Complex I activities and intracellular ATP that were determined with specific assay kits. Moreover, Seahorse Mito Stress Test assay was conducted, and the results showed that biologic miR-34a-5p sharply reduced cancer cell mitochondrial respiration capacity, accompanied by a remarkable increase of oxidative stress and elevated apoptotic cell death, which are manifested by greater levels of reactive oxygen species and selective apoptosis biomarkers, respectively. These results demonstrate the presence and involvement of the miR-34a-5p-MPV17L2 pathway in the control of mitochondrial functions in human carcinoma cells and support the utility of novel bioengineered miRNA molecules for functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Rong Yi
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Mei-Juan Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ai-Xi Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma and Microsurgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
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15
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Ogle MM, Trevino R, Schell J, Varmazyad M, Horikoshi N, Gius D. Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Acetylation and Regulation of Protein Structure in Breast Cancer Biology and Therapy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:635. [PMID: 35453320 PMCID: PMC9024550 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss and/or dysregulation of several cellular and mitochondrial antioxidants' expression or enzymatic activity, which leads to the aberrant physiological function of these proteins, has been shown to result in oxidative damage to cellular macromolecules. In this regard, it has been surmised that the disruption of mitochondrial networks responsible for maintaining normal metabolism is an established hallmark of cancer and a novel mechanism of therapy resistance. This altered metabolism leads to aberrant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which, under specific physiological conditions, leads to a potential tumor-permissive cellular environment. In this regard, it is becoming increasingly clear that the loss or disruption of mitochondrial oxidant scavenging enzymes may be, in specific tumors, either an early event in transformation or exhibit tumor-promoting properties. One example of such an antioxidant enzyme is manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD, also referred to as SOD2), which detoxifies superoxide, a ROS that has been shown, when its normal physiological levels are disrupted, to lead to oncogenicity and therapy resistance. Here, we will also discuss how the acetylation of MnSOD leads to a change in detoxification function that leads to a cellular environment permissive for the development of lineage plasticity-like properties that may be one mechanism leading to tumorigenic and therapy-resistant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith M. Ogle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Rolando Trevino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Joseph Schell
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Mahboubeh Varmazyad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Nobuo Horikoshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - David Gius
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, 7979 Wurzbach Road, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (M.M.O.); (R.T.J.); (J.S.); (M.V.); (N.H.)
- Joe R. & Teresa Lozano Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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16
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Liu S, Aweya JJ, Zheng L, Zheng Z, Huang H, Wang F, Yao D, Ou T, Zhang Y. LvHemB1, a novel cationic antimicrobial peptide derived from the hemocyanin of Litopenaeus vannamei, induces cancer cell death by targeting mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel 1. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 38:87-110. [PMID: 33630204 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-021-09588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Current cancer treatment regimens such as chemotherapy and traditional chemical drugs have adverse side effects including the appearance of drug-resistant tumor cells. For these reasons, it is imperative to find novel therapeutic agents that overcome these factors. To this end, we explored a cationic antimicrobial peptide derived from Litopenaeus vannamei hemocyanin (designated LvHemB1) that induces cancer cell death, but sparing normal cells. LvHemB1 inhibits the proliferation of human cervical (HeLa), esophageal (EC109), hepatocellular (HepG2), and bladder (EJ) cancer cell lines, but had no significant effect on normal liver cell lines (T-antigen-immortalized human liver epithelial (THLE-3) cells). In addition to its antiproliferative effects, LvHemB1 induced apoptosis, by permeating cells and targeting mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1). Colocalization studies revealed the localization of LvHemB1 in mitochondria, while molecular docking and pull-down analyses confirmed LvHemB1-VDAC1 interaction. Moreover, LvHemB1 causes loss in mitochondrial membrane potential and increases levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptotic proteins (caspase-9, caspase-3, and Bax (Bcl-2-associated X)), which results in mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis. Thus, peptide LvHemB1 has the potential of being used as an anticancer agent due to its antiproliferation effect and targeting to VDAC1 to cause mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells, as well as its ability to induce apoptosis by increasing ROS levels, and the expression of proapoptotic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjie Liu
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
- Institute of Urology, The Affiliated Shenzhen Luohu Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Liyuan Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Zhou Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - He Huang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Tong Ou
- Institute of Urology, The Affiliated Shenzhen Luohu Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
- STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China.
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17
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Mani S, Swargiary G, Ralph SJ. Targeting the redox imbalance in mitochondria: A novel mode for cancer therapy. Mitochondrion 2021; 62:50-73. [PMID: 34758363 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels affect many aspects of cell behavior. During carcinogenesis, moderate ROS production modifies gene expression to alter cell function, elevating metabolic activity and ROS. To avoid extreme ROS-activated death, cancer cells increase antioxidative capacity, regulating sustained ROS levels that promote growth. Anticancer therapies are exploring inducing supranormal, cytotoxic oxidative stress levels either inhibiting antioxidative capacity or promoting excess ROS to selectively destroy cancer cells, triggering mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, or ferroptosis. This review exemplifies pro-oxidants (natural/synthetic/repurposed drugs) and their clinical significance as cancer therapies providing revolutionary approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Mani
- Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
| | - Geeta Swargiary
- Centre for Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Stephen J Ralph
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.
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18
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Zhao H, Zhou Q, Shi C, Shao Y, Ni J, Lou J, Wei S. RNA N6-Methyladenosine Patterns in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Reveal a Distinct Immune Infiltration Landscape and Clinical Significance. Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e930994. [PMID: 34690344 PMCID: PMC8555444 DOI: 10.12659/msm.930994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, the most abundant and prominent form of epigenetic modification, is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) initiation and progression. However, the role of m6A methylation in HCC tumor microenvironment (TME) formation is unexplored. This study aimed to reveal the TME features of HCC patients with distinct m⁶A expression patterns and establish a prognostic model based on m⁶A signatures for HCC cohorts. MATERIAL AND METHODS We classified the m⁶A methylation patterns in 365 HCC samples based on 21 m6A modulators using a consensus clustering algorithm. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis algorithm was used to quantify the abundance of immune cell infiltration. Gene set variation analysis revealed the biological characteristics between the m⁶A modification patterns. The m6A-based prognostic model was constructed using a training set with least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and validated in internal and external datasets. RESULTS Two distinct m⁶A modification patterns exhibiting different TME immune-infiltrating characteristics, heterogeneity, and prognostic variations were identified in the HCC cohort. After depicting the immune landscape of TME in HCC, we found patients with high LRPPRC m⁶A modulator expression had depletion of T cells, cytotoxic cells, dendritic cells, and cytolytic activity response. A high m⁶A score, characterized by suppression of immunity, indicated an immune-excluded TME phenotype, with poor survival. A nomogram was developed to facilitate HCC clinical decision making. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the nonnegligible role of m6A methylation in TME formation and reveal a potential clinical application of the m⁶A-associated prognostic model for patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Qiujun Zhou
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Chengwei Shi
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yaojian Shao
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Junjie Ni
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jianying Lou
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Shenyu Wei
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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19
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Can the Mitochondrial Metabolic Theory Explain Better the Origin and Management of Cancer than Can the Somatic Mutation Theory? Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090572. [PMID: 34564387 PMCID: PMC8467939 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A theory that can best explain the facts of a phenomenon is more likely to advance knowledge than a theory that is less able to explain the facts. Cancer is generally considered a genetic disease based on the somatic mutation theory (SMT) where mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes cause dysregulated cell growth. Evidence is reviewed showing that the mitochondrial metabolic theory (MMT) can better account for the hallmarks of cancer than can the SMT. Proliferating cancer cells cannot survive or grow without carbons and nitrogen for the synthesis of metabolites and ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). Glucose carbons are essential for metabolite synthesis through the glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathways while glutamine nitrogen and carbons are essential for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing metabolites and ATP through the glutaminolysis pathway. Glutamine-dependent mitochondrial substrate level phosphorylation becomes essential for ATP synthesis in cancer cells that over-express the glycolytic pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2), that have deficient OxPhos, and that can grow in either hypoxia (0.1% oxygen) or in cyanide. The simultaneous targeting of glucose and glutamine, while elevating levels of non-fermentable ketone bodies, offers a simple and parsimonious therapeutic strategy for managing most cancers.
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20
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Petronek MS, Stolwijk JM, Murray SD, Steinbach EJ, Zakharia Y, Buettner GR, Spitz DR, Allen BG. Utilization of redox modulating small molecules that selectively act as pro-oxidants in cancer cells to open a therapeutic window for improving cancer therapy. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101864. [PMID: 33485837 PMCID: PMC8113052 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a rapidly growing body of literature supporting the notion that differential oxidative metabolism in cancer versus normal cells represents a metabolic frailty that can be exploited to open a therapeutic window into cancer therapy. These cancer cell-specific metabolic frailties may be amenable to manipulation with non-toxic small molecule redox active compounds traditionally thought to be antioxidants. In this review we describe the potential mechanisms and clinical applicability in cancer therapy of four small molecule redox active agents: melatonin, vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin C. Each has shown the potential to have pro-oxidant effects in cancer cells while retaining antioxidant activity in normal cells. This dichotomy can be exploited to improve responses to radiation and chemotherapy by opening a therapeutic window based on a testable biochemical rationale amenable to confirmation with biomarker studies during clinical trials. Thus, the unique pro-oxidant/antioxidant properties of melatonin, vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin C have the potential to act as effective adjuvants to traditional cancer therapies, thereby improving cancer patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Petronek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J M Stolwijk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - S D Murray
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - E J Steinbach
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Y Zakharia
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - G R Buettner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - D R Spitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - B G Allen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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21
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Lee YG, Kim HW, Nam Y, Shin KJ, Lee YJ, Park DH, Rhee HW, Seo JK, Chae YC. LONP1 and ClpP cooperatively regulate mitochondrial proteostasis for cancer cell survival. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:18. [PMID: 33637676 PMCID: PMC7910295 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-021-00306-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial proteases are key components in mitochondrial stress responses that maintain proteostasis and mitochondrial integrity in harsh environmental conditions, which leads to the acquisition of aggressive phenotypes, including chemoresistance and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms and exact role of mitochondrial proteases in cancer remain largely unexplored. Here, we identified functional crosstalk between LONP1 and ClpP, which are two mitochondrial matrix proteases that cooperate to attenuate proteotoxic stress and protect mitochondrial functions for cancer cell survival. LONP1 and ClpP genes closely localized on chromosome 19 and were co-expressed at high levels in most human cancers. Depletion of both genes synergistically attenuated cancer cell growth and induced cell death due to impaired mitochondrial functions and increased oxidative stress. Using mitochondrial matrix proteomic analysis with an engineered peroxidase (APEX)-mediated proximity biotinylation method, we identified the specific target substrates of these proteases, which were crucial components of mitochondrial functions, including oxidative phosphorylation, the TCA cycle, and amino acid and lipid metabolism. Furthermore, we found that LONP1 and ClpP shared many substrates, including serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 (SHMT2). Inhibition of both LONP1 and ClpP additively increased the amount of unfolded SHMT2 protein and enhanced sensitivity to SHMT2 inhibitor, resulting in significantly reduced cell growth and increased cell death under metabolic stress. Additionally, prostate cancer patients with higher LONP1 and ClpP expression exhibited poorer survival. These results suggest that interventions targeting the mitochondrial proteostasis network via LONP1 and ClpP could be potential therapeutic strategies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Geon Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National University of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Won Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National University of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Nam
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National University of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Jin Shin
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National University of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National University of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Hong Park
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National University of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Rhee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Kon Seo
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National University of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Chan Chae
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National University of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Marcu LG, Bezak E, Peukert DD, Wilson P. Translational Research in FLASH Radiotherapy-From Radiobiological Mechanisms to In Vivo Results. Biomedicines 2021; 9:181. [PMID: 33670409 PMCID: PMC7918545 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
FLASH radiotherapy, or the administration of ultra-high dose rate radiotherapy, is a new radiation delivery method that aims to widen the therapeutic window in radiotherapy. Thus far, most in vitro and in vivo results show a real potential of FLASH to offer superior normal tissue sparing compared to conventionally delivered radiation. While there are several postulations behind the differential behaviour among normal and cancer cells under FLASH, the full spectra of radiobiological mechanisms are yet to be clarified. Currently the number of devices delivering FLASH dose rate is few and is mainly limited to experimental and modified linear accelerators. Nevertheless, FLASH research is increasing with new developments in all the main areas: radiobiology, technology and clinical research. This paper presents the current status of FLASH radiotherapy with the aforementioned aspects in mind, but also to highlight the existing challenges and future prospects to overcome them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana G Marcu
- Faculty of Informatics & Science, Department of Physics, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Eva Bezak
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- School of Physical Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Dylan D Peukert
- School of Civil, Environmental & Mining Engineering, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
| | - Puthenparampil Wilson
- STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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23
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Shetty V, Jakhade A, Shinde K, Chikate R, Kaul-Ghanekar R. Folate mediated targeted delivery of cinnamaldehyde loaded and FITC functionalized magnetic nanoparticles in breast cancer: in vitro, in vivo and pharmacokinetic studies. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04319b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
FiCF NPs induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells, exhibited safety, reduced tumor burden in mice due to increased pharmacological efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Shetty
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA)
- Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University
- Pune-411043
- India
| | - Alok Jakhade
- Nanoscience Group
- Department of Chemistry
- Post-graduate and Research Center
- MES Abasaheb Garware College
- Pune
| | - Kavita Shinde
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA)
- Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University
- Pune-411043
- India
| | - Rajeev Chikate
- Nanoscience Group
- Department of Chemistry
- Post-graduate and Research Center
- MES Abasaheb Garware College
- Pune
| | - Ruchika Kaul-Ghanekar
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA)
- Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University
- Pune-411043
- India
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24
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Chen Z, Liang Y, Feng X, Liang Y, Shen G, Huang H, Chen Z, Yu J, Liu H, Lin T, Chen H, Wu D, Li G, Zhao B, Guo W, Hu Y. Vitamin-B12-conjugated PLGA-PEG nanoparticles incorporating miR-532-3p induce mitochondrial damage by targeting apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) on CD320-overexpressed gastric cancer. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 120:111722. [PMID: 33545873 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Among various methods, the use of targeting nucleic acid therapy is a promising method for inhibiting gastric cancer (GC) cells' rapid growth and metastasis abilities. In this study, vitamin B12-labeled poly (d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) and polyethylene glycol nanoparticles (PLGA-PEG-VB12 NPs) were developed for microRNAs-532-3p mimics incorporating as targeting gene delivery systems (miR-532-3p@PLGA-PEG-VB12 NPs) to fight against transcobalamin II (CD320)-overexpressed GC cells' progression. The PLGA-PEG-VB12 NPs with appropriate particle sizes and good bio-compatibility could be selectively delivered into CD320-overexpressed GC cells, and significantly decrease the expression of apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC). Following that, more pro-apoptotic protein (Bax) flowed from cytoplasm into mitochondria to form Bax oligomerization, thus induced mitochondrial damage, including mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMPs) loss and excessive production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mitoROS). Since that, mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) was opened, followed by induced more cytochrome c (Cyto C) releasing from mitochondria into cytosol, and finally activated caspase-depended cell apoptosis pathway. Therefore, our designed miR-532-3p@PLGA-PEG-VB12 NPs showed enhanced GC targeting ability, and could induce apoptosis through activating ARC/Bax/mitochondria-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway, finally remarkably suppressed proliferation of GC cells both in vitro and in vivo, which presented a promising treatment for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yanrui Liang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Stomatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Medicine Ultrasonics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Guodong Shen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Huilin Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhaoyu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tian Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Respiratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Guoxin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bingxia Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Weihong Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Yanfeng Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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25
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Genovese I, Vezzani B, Danese A, Modesti L, Vitto VAM, Corazzi V, Pelucchi S, Pinton P, Giorgi C. Mitochondria as the decision makers for cancer cell fate: from signaling pathways to therapeutic strategies. Cell Calcium 2020; 92:102308. [PMID: 33096320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As pivotal players in cellular metabolism, mitochondria have a double-faceted role in the final decision of cell fate. This is true for all cell types, but it is even more important and intriguing in the cancer setting. Mitochondria regulate cell fate in many diverse ways: through metabolism, by producing ATP and other metabolites deemed vital or detrimental for cancer cells; through the regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis, especially by the joint participation of the endoplasmic reticulum in a membranous tethering system for Ca2+ signaling called mitochondria-ER associated membranes (MAMs); and by regulating signaling pathways involved in the survival of cancer cells such as mitophagy. Recent studies have shown that mitochondria can also play a role in the regulation of inflammatory pathways in cancer cells, for example, through the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) involved in the activation of the cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway. In this review, we aim to explore the role of mitochondria as decision makers in fostering cancer cell death or survival depending on the tumor cell stage and describe novel anticancer therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Genovese
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Bianca Vezzani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Danese
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Modesti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Angela Maria Vitto
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Virginia Corazzi
- ENT & Audiology Department, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Pelucchi
- ENT & Audiology Department, University Hospital of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
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26
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Cancer Metabolism: Phenotype, Signaling and Therapeutic Targets. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102308. [PMID: 33081387 PMCID: PMC7602974 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant metabolism is a major hallmark of cancer. Abnormal cancer metabolism, such as aerobic glycolysis and increased anabolic pathways, has important roles in tumorigenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and cancer stem cells. Well-known oncogenic signaling pathways, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, Myc, and Hippo pathway, mediate metabolic gene expression and increase metabolic enzyme activities. Vice versa, deregulated metabolic pathways contribute to defects in cellular signal transduction pathways, which in turn provide energy, building blocks, and redox potentials for unrestrained cancer cell proliferation. Studies and clinical trials are being performed that focus on the inhibition of metabolic enzymes by small molecules or dietary interventions (e.g., fasting, calorie restriction, and intermittent fasting). Similar to genetic heterogeneity, the metabolic phenotypes of cancers are highly heterogeneous. This heterogeneity results from diverse cues in the tumor microenvironment and genetic mutations. Hence, overcoming metabolic plasticity is an important goal of modern cancer therapeutics. This review highlights recent findings on the metabolic phenotypes of cancer and elucidates the interactions between signal transduction pathways and metabolic pathways. We also provide novel rationales for designing the next-generation cancer metabolism drugs.
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27
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Mouithys-Mickalad A, Ceusters J, Charif M, El Moualij B, Schoumacher M, Plyte S, Franck T, Bettendorff L, Pirotte B, Serteyn D, de Tullio P. Modulation of mitochondrial respiration rate and calcium-induced swelling by new cromakalim analogues. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 331:109272. [PMID: 33010220 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A cellular model of cardiomyocytes (H9c2 cell line) and mitochondria isolated from mouse liver were used to understand the drug action of BPDZ490 and BPDZ711, two benzopyran analogues of the reference potassium channel opener cromakalim, on mitochondrial respiratory parameters and swelling, by comparing their effects with those of the parent compound cromakalim. For these three compounds, the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) was determined by high-resolution respirometry (HRR) and their impact on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and calcium-induced mitochondrial swelling was investigated. Cromakalim did not modify neither the OCR of H9c2 cells and the ATP production nor the Ca-induced swelling. By contrast, the cromakalim analogue BPDZ490 (1) induced a strong increase of OCR, while the other benzopyran analogue BPDZ711 (2) caused a marked slowdown. For both compounds, 1 displayed a biphasic behavior while 2 still showed an inhibitory effect. Both compounds 1 and 2 were also found to decrease the ATP synthesis, with pronounced effect for 2, while cromakalim remained without effect. Overall, these results indicate that cromakalim, as parent molecule, does not induce per se any direct effect on mitochondrial respiratory function neither on whole cells nor on isolated mitochondria whereas both benzopyran analogues 1 and 2 display totally opposite behavior profiles, suggesting that compound 1, by increasing the maximal respiration capacity, might behave as a mild uncoupling agent and compound 2 is taken as an inhibitor of the mitochondrial electron-transfer chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ange Mouithys-Mickalad
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Justine Ceusters
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mounia Charif
- Centre de Recherche sur les Protéines Prions (CRPP), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue Hippocrate, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Benaïssa El Moualij
- Centre de Recherche sur les Protéines Prions (CRPP), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue Hippocrate, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Mathieu Schoumacher
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue de l'Hospital, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Simon Plyte
- Merus, Closing in on Cancer, Immuno-Oncology, Yalelaan 62, 3584 CM, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thierry Franck
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Quartier Vallée 2, 5A-5D, Avenue de Cureghem, ULiège, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Lucien Bettendorff
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, GIGA-neurosciences, ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue Hippocrate, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue de l'Hospital, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Didier Serteyn
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Pascal de Tullio
- Center for Oxygen, Research & Development (CORD) & Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Institute of Chemistry, B6a, ULiège, Allée du six Août, 11, B-4000, Liège, Belgium; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), ULiège, Quartier Hôpital, 15, Avenue de l'Hospital, B-4000, Liège, Belgium
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28
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Torti SV, Torti FM. Iron and Cancer: 2020 Vision. Cancer Res 2020; 80:5435-5448. [PMID: 32928919 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
New and provocative insights into the relationships between iron and cancer have been uncovered in recent years. These include delineation of connections that link cellular iron to DNA repair, genomic integrity, and oncogenic signaling as well as the discovery of ferroptosis, a novel iron-dependent form of cell death. In parallel, new molecules and pathways that regulate iron influx, intracellular iron trafficking, and egress in normal cells, and their perturbations in cancer have been discovered. In addition, insights into the unique properties of iron handling in tumor-initiating cells (cancer stem cells), novel contributions of the tumor microenvironment to the uptake and regulation of iron in cancer cells, and new therapeutic modalities that leverage the iron dependence of cancer have emerged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy V Torti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut.
| | - Frank M Torti
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut
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29
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Purushottam Dharaskar S, Paithankar K, Kanugovi Vijayavittal A, Shabbir Kara H, Amere Subbarao S. Mitochondrial chaperone, TRAP1 modulates mitochondrial dynamics and promotes tumor metastasis. Mitochondrion 2020; 54:92-101. [PMID: 32784002 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. However, the present understanding of mitochondria has changed from its unipotent functions to pluripotent and insists on understanding the role of mitochondria not only in regulating the life and death of cells, but in pathological conditions such as cancer. Unlike other cellular organelles, subtle alterations in mitochondrial organization may significantly influence the balance between metabolic networks and cellular behavior. Therefore, the delicate balance between the fusion and fission dynamics of mitochondrion can indicate cell fate. Here, we present mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1 influence on mitochondrial architecture and its correlation with tumor growth and metastasis. We show that TRAP1 overexpression (TRAP1 OE) promotes mitochondrial fission, whereas, TRAP1 knockdown (TRAP1 KD) promotes mitochondrial fusion. Interestingly, TRAP1 OE or KD had a negligible effect on mitochondrial integrity. However, TRAP1 OE cells exhibited enhanced proliferative potential, while TRAP1 KD cells showing increased doubling time. Further, TRAP1 dependent mitochondrial dynamic alterations appeared to be unique since mitochondrial localization of TRAP1 is a mandate for dynamic changes. The expression patterns of fusion and fission genes have failed to correlate with TRAP1 expression, indicating a possibility that the dynamic changes can be independent of these genes. In agreement with enhanced proliferative potential, TRAP1 OE cells also exhibited enhanced migration in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo. Further, TRAP1 OE cells showed altered homing properties, which may challenge site-specific anticancer treatments. Our findings unravel the TRAP1 role in tumor metastasis, which is in addition to altered energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrikant Purushottam Dharaskar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India; AcSIR - Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, Government of India, India
| | - Khanderao Paithankar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India
| | | | - Hatim Shabbir Kara
- Presently at Life Sciences & Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen gGmbh, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sreedhar Amere Subbarao
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India.
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30
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Sheng K. Artificial intelligence in radiotherapy: a technological review. Front Med 2020; 14:431-449. [PMID: 32728877 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-020-0761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is widely used to treat cancer. Technological advances in RT have occurred in the past 30 years. These advances, such as three-dimensional image guidance, intensity modulation, and robotics, created challenges and opportunities for the next breakthrough, in which artificial intelligence (AI) will possibly play important roles. AI will replace certain repetitive and labor-intensive tasks and improve the accuracy and consistency of others, particularly those with increased complexity because of technological advances. The improvement in efficiency and consistency is important to manage the increasing cancer patient burden to the society. Furthermore, AI may provide new functionalities that facilitate satisfactory RT. The functionalities include superior images for real-time intervention and adaptive and personalized RT. AI may effectively synthesize and analyze big data for such purposes. This review describes the RT workflow and identifies areas, including imaging, treatment planning, quality assurance, and outcome prediction, that benefit from AI. This review primarily focuses on deep-learning techniques, although conventional machine-learning techniques are also mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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31
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Nakhle J, Rodriguez AM, Vignais ML. Multifaceted Roles of Mitochondrial Components and Metabolites in Metabolic Diseases and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4405. [PMID: 32575796 PMCID: PMC7352686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are essential cellular components that ensure physiological metabolic functions. They provide energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through the electron transport chain (ETC). They also constitute a metabolic hub in which metabolites are used and processed, notably through the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. These newly generated metabolites have the capacity to feed other cellular metabolic pathways; modify cellular functions; and, ultimately, generate specific phenotypes. Mitochondria also provide intracellular signaling cues through reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. As expected with such a central cellular role, mitochondrial dysfunctions have been linked to many different diseases. The origins of some of these diseases could be pinpointed to specific mutations in both mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded genes. In addition to their impressive intracellular tasks, mitochondria also provide intercellular signaling as they can be exchanged between cells, with resulting effects ranging from repair of damaged cells to strengthened progression and chemo-resistance of cancer cells. Several therapeutic options can now be envisioned to rescue mitochondria-defective cells. They include gene therapy for both mitochondrial and nuclear defective genes. Transferring exogenous mitochondria to target cells is also a whole new area of investigation. Finally, supplementing targeted metabolites, possibly through microbiota transplantation, appears as another therapeutic approach full of promises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Nakhle
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM, Univ Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France;
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of Montpellier (IGMM), CNRS, Univ Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Marie Rodriguez
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010 Creteil, France
- EnvA, IMRB, F-94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
- EFS, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research (IMRB), F-94010 Creteil, France
- AP-HP, Hopital Mondor, Service d’histologie, F-94010 Creteil, France
| | - Marie-Luce Vignais
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM, Univ Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France;
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32
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Identification of mitochondrial toxicants by combined in silico and in vitro studies – A structure-based view on the adverse outcome pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comtox.2020.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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33
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Wang M, Wang K, Deng G, Liu X, Wu X, Hu H, Zhang Y, Gao W, Li Q. Mitochondria-Modulating Porous Se@SiO 2 Nanoparticles Provide Resistance to Oxidative Injury in Airway Epithelial Cells: Implications for Acute Lung Injury. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2287-2302. [PMID: 32280221 PMCID: PMC7127826 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s240301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial dysfunction played a vital role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including acute lung injury (ALI). However, few strategies targeting mitochondria were developed in treating ALI. Recently, we fabricated a porous Se@SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) with antioxidant properties. Methods The protective effect of Se@SiO2 NPs was assessed using confocal imaging, immunoblotting, RNA-seq, mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) activity assay, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in airway epithelial cell line (Beas-2B). The in vivo efficacy of Se@SiO2 NPs was evaluated in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mouse model. Results This study demonstrated that Se@SiO2 NPs significantly increased the resistance of airway epithelial cells under oxidative injury and shifted lipopolysaccharide-induced gene expression profile closer to the untreated controls. The cytoprotection of Se@SiO2 was found to be achieved by maintaining mitochondrial function, activity, and dynamics. In an animal model of ALI, pretreated with the NPs improved mitochondrial dysfunction, thus reducing inflammatory responses and diffuse damage in lung tissues. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis provided evidence for the broad modulatory activity of our Se@SiO2 NPs in various metabolic disorders and inflammatory diseases. Conclusion This study brought new insights into mitochondria-targeting bioactive NPs, with application potential in curing ALI or other human mitochondria-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muyun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoying Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbei Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
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34
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Armando RG, Gómez DLM, Gomez DE. New drugs are not enough‑drug repositioning in oncology: An update. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:651-684. [PMID: 32124955 PMCID: PMC7010222 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.4966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug repositioning refers to the concept of discovering novel clinical benefits of drugs that are already known for use treating other diseases. The advantages of this are that several important drug characteristics are already established (including efficacy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity), making the process of research for a putative drug quicker and less costly. Drug repositioning in oncology has received extensive focus. The present review summarizes the most prominent examples of drug repositioning for the treatment of cancer, taking into consideration their primary use, proposed anticancer mechanisms and current development status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Gabriela Armando
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Bernal B1876, Argentina
| | - Diego Luis Mengual Gómez
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Bernal B1876, Argentina
| | - Daniel Eduardo Gomez
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Bernal B1876, Argentina
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35
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Subcellular localization of FANCD2 is associated with survival in ovarian carcinoma. Oncotarget 2020; 11:775-783. [PMID: 32165999 PMCID: PMC7055545 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of death from gynecological cancers. Late diagnosis and resistance to therapy results in mortality and effective screening is required for early diagnosis and better treatments. Expression of the Fanconi Anemia complementation group D2 protein (FANCD2) is reduced in ovarian surface epithelial cells (OSE) in patients with ovarian cancer. FANCD2 has been studied for its role in DNA repair; however multiple studies have suggested that FANCD2 has a role outside the nucleus. We sought to determine whether subcellular localization of FANCD2 correlates with patient outcome in ovarian cancer. Methods: We examined the subcellular localization of FANCD2 in primary OSE cells from consenting patients with ovarian cancer or a normal ovary. Ovarian tissue microarray was stained with anti-FANCD2 antibody by immunohistochemistry and the correlation of FANCD2 localization with patient outcomes was assessed. FANCD2 binding partners were identified by immunoprecipitation of cytoplasmic FANCD2. Results: Nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of FANCD2 was observed in OSEs from both normal and ovarian cancer patients. Patients with cytoplasmic localization of FANCD2 (cFANCD2) experienced significantly longer median survival time (50 months), versus patients without cytoplasmic localization of FANCD2 (38 months; p < 0.05). Cytoplasmic FANCD2 was found to bind proteins involved in the innate immune system, cellular response to heat stress, amyloid fiber formation and estrogen mediated signaling. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the presence of cytoplasmic FANCD2 modulates FANCD2 activity resulting in better survival outcome in ovarian cancer patients.
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Ripani P, Delp J, Bode K, Delgado ME, Dietrich L, Betzler VM, Yan N, von Scheven G, Mayer TU, Leist M, Brunner T. Thiazolides promote G1 cell cycle arrest in colorectal cancer cells by targeting the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Oncogene 2019; 39:2345-2357. [PMID: 31844249 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1142-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Systemic toxicity and tumor cell resistance still limit the efficacy of chemotherapy in colorectal cancer. Therefore, alternative treatments are desperately needed. The thiazolide Nitazoxanide (NTZ) is an FDA-approved drug for the treatment of parasite-mediated infectious diarrhea with a favorable safety profile. Interestingly, NTZ and the thiazolide RM4819-its bromo-derivative lacking antibiotic activity-are also promising candidates for cancer treatment. Yet the exact anticancer mechanism(s) of these compounds still remains unclear. In this study, we systematically investigated RM4819 and NTZ in 2D and 3D colorectal cancer culture systems. Both compounds strongly inhibited proliferation of colon carcinoma cell lines by promoting G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Thiazolide-induced cell cycle arrest was independent of the p53/p21 axis, but was mediated by inhibition of protein translation via the mTOR/c-Myc/p27 pathway, likely caused by inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. While both thiazolides demonstrated mitochondrial uncoupling activity, only RM4819 inhibited the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III. Interestingly, thiazolides also potently inhibited the growth of murine colonic tumoroids in a comparable manner with cisplatin, while in contrast to cisplatin thiazolides did not affect the growth of primary intestinal organoids. Thus, thiazolides appear to have a tumor-selective antiproliferative activity, which offers new perspectives in the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ripani
- Department of Biology, Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology KORS-CB, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - J Delp
- Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology KORS-CB, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Chair for In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - K Bode
- Department of Biology, Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - M E Delgado
- Department of Biology, Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - L Dietrich
- Department of Biology, Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - V M Betzler
- Department of Biology, Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Biotechnology Institute Thurgau, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - N Yan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - G von Scheven
- Department of Biology, Molecular Toxicology Group, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - T U Mayer
- Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology KORS-CB, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Biology, Molecular Genetics, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - M Leist
- Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology KORS-CB, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Chair for In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, inaugurated by the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - T Brunner
- Department of Biology, Biochemical Pharmacology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany. .,Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology KORS-CB, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
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37
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Alshangiti AM, Tuboly E, Hegarty SV, McCarthy CM, Sullivan AM, O'Keeffe GW. 4-Hydroxychalcone Induces Cell Death via Oxidative Stress in MYCN-Amplified Human Neuroblastoma Cells. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1670759. [PMID: 31885773 PMCID: PMC6915131 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1670759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is an embryonal malignancy that arises from cells of sympathoadrenal lineage during the development of the nervous system. It is the most common pediatric extracranial solid tumor and is responsible for 15% of childhood deaths from cancer. Fifty percent of cases are diagnosed as high-risk metastatic disease with a low overall 5-year survival rate. More than half of patients experience disease recurrence that can be refractory to treatment. Amplification of the MYCN gene is an important prognostic indicator that is associated with rapid disease progression and a poor prognosis, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on identifying anticancer properties of naturally occurring chalcones, which are secondary metabolites with variable phenolic structures. Here, we report that 4-hydroxychalcone is a potent cytotoxin for MYCN-amplified IMR-32 and SK-N-BE (2) neuroblastoma cells, when compared to non-MYCN-amplified SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and to the non-neuroblastoma human embryonic kidney cell line, HEK293t. Moreover, 4-hydroxychalcone treatment significantly decreased cellular levels of the antioxidant glutathione and increased cellular reactive oxygen species. In addition, 4-hydroxychalcone treatment led to impairments in mitochondrial respiratory function, compared to controls. In support of this, the cytotoxic effect of 4-hydroxychalcone was prevented by co-treatment with either the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a pharmacological inhibitor of oxidative stress-induced cell death (IM-54) or the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species scavenger, Mito-TEMPO. When combined with the anticancer drugs cisplatin or doxorubicin, 4-hydroxychalcone led to greater reductions in cell viability than was induced by either anti-cancer agent alone. In summary, this study identifies a cytotoxic effect of 4-hydroxychalcone in MYCN-amplified human neuroblastoma cells, which rationalizes its further study in the development of new therapies for pediatric neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amnah M. Alshangiti
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eszter Tuboly
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Shane V. Hegarty
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cathal M. McCarthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aideen M. Sullivan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard W. O'Keeffe
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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38
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Fu A, Hou Y, Yu Z, Zhao Z, Liu Z. Healthy mitochondria inhibit the metastatic melanoma in lungs. Int J Biol Sci 2019; 15:2707-2718. [PMID: 31754341 PMCID: PMC6854369 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.38104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor mitochondria alter their functions to reprogram cell metabolism and then allow tumor cells to rapidly proliferate in the hypoxic and acidic microenvironment. However, roles of normal mitochondria played in tumor progression are still unclear. Here we investigate the normal mitochondrial effect on abnormal metabolism of tumors, and to clarify why the mitochondria have to undergo functional changes in the tumor growth. The mitochondria isolated from healthy mouse livers were intravenously injected into melanoma model mice with lung metastasis, then the tumor growth, animal survival and associated metabolic changes were studied. The results reveal that the mitochondria significantly retard tumor growth and increase survival days of animals. The anti-tumor effect of the mitochondria is related to interfering the tumor cell metabolisms, such as reducing glycolysis and producing an oxidative intracellular environment, all of which are not suitable for tumor cell proliferation. In addition, the mitochondria increases cell apoptosis, necrosis, and mitophagy. These effects are more efficient with the mitochondria isolated from young mouse livers than those from aged mice. Our study not only provides a valuable approach to invest mitochondrial function associated with tumor growth but also offer new insight into tumor therapy through interfering the tumor cell metabolism by healthy mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yixue Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhenyao Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zizhen Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zesheng Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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39
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He C, Larson-Casey JL, Davis D, Hanumanthu VS, Longhini ALF, Thannickal VJ, Gu L, Carter AB. NOX4 modulates macrophage phenotype and mitochondrial biogenesis in asbestosis. JCI Insight 2019; 4:126551. [PMID: 31434799 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation is implicated in the development of pulmonary fibrosis by generation of profibrotic molecules. Although NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) is known to contribute to pulmonary fibrosis, its effects on macrophage activation and mitochondrial redox signaling are unclear. Here, we show that NOX4 is crucial for lung macrophage profibrotic polarization and fibrotic repair after asbestos exposure. NOX4 was elevated in lung macrophages from subjects with asbestosis, and mice harboring a deletion of NOX4 in lung macrophages were protected from asbestos-induced fibrosis. NOX4 promoted lung macrophage profibrotic polarization and increased production of profibrotic molecules that induce collagen deposition. Mechanistically, NOX4 further augmented mitochondrial ROS production and induced mitochondrial biogenesis. Targeting redox signaling and mitochondrial biogenesis prevented the profibrotic polarization of lung macrophages by reducing the production of profibrotic molecules. These observations provide evidence that macrophage NOX4 is a potentially novel therapeutic target to halt the development of asbestos-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao He
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | | | - Dana Davis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - Vidya Sagar Hanumanthu
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ana Leda F Longhini
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Victor J Thannickal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and.,Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Linlin Gu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and
| | - A Brent Carter
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and.,Birmingham Veterans Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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40
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Spitz DR, Buettner GR, Limoli CL. Response to letter regarding "An integrated physico-chemical approach for explaining the differential impact of FLASH versus conventional dose rate irradiation on cancer and normal tissue responses". Radiother Oncol 2019; 139:64-65. [PMID: 31427044 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Spitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, United States
| | - Garry R Buettner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, United States
| | - Charles L Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, United States
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41
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Petronek MS, Spitz DR, Buettner GR, Allen BG. Linking Cancer Metabolic Dysfunction and Genetic Instability through the Lens of Iron Metabolism. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11081077. [PMID: 31366108 PMCID: PMC6721799 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11081077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential element that plays a fundamental role in a wide range of cellular functions, including cellular proliferation, DNA synthesis, as well as DNA damage and repair. Because of these connections, iron has been strongly implicated in cancer development. Cancer cells frequently have changes in the expression of iron regulatory proteins. For example, cancer cells frequently upregulate transferrin (increasing uptake of iron) and down regulate ferroportin (decreasing efflux of intracellular iron). These changes increase the steady-state level of intracellular redox active iron, known as the labile iron pool (LIP). The LIP typically contains approximately 2% intracellular iron, which primarily exists as ferrous iron (Fe2+). The LIP can readily contribute to oxidative distress within the cell through Fe2+-dioxygen and Fenton chemistries, generating the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (HO•). Due to the reactive nature of the LIP, it can contribute to increased DNA damage. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cancer cells results in increased steady-state levels of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide along with other downstream reactive oxygen species. The increased presence of H2O2 and O2•- can increase the LIP, contributing to increased mitochondrial uptake of iron as well as genetic instability. Thus, iron metabolism and labile iron pools may play a central role connecting the genetic mutational theories of cancer to the metabolic theories of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Petronek
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Garry R Buettner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Bryan G Allen
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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42
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Purohit V, Simeone DM, Lyssiotis CA. Metabolic Regulation of Redox Balance in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070955. [PMID: 31288436 PMCID: PMC6678865 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically active free radicals produced by partial reduction of oxygen that can activate discrete signaling pathways or disrupt redox homeostasis depending on their concentration. ROS interacts with biomolecules, including DNA, and can cause mutations that can transform normal cells into cancer cells. Furthermore, certain cancer-causing mutations trigger alterations in cellular metabolism that can increase ROS production, resulting in genomic instability, additional DNA mutations, and tumor evolution. To prevent excess ROS-mediated toxicity, cancer-causing mutations concurrently activate pathways that manage this oxidative burden. Hence, an understanding of the metabolic pathways that regulate ROS levels is imperative for devising therapies that target tumor cells. In this review, we summarize the dual role of metabolism as a generator and inhibitor of ROS in cancer and discuss current strategies to target the ROS axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinee Purohit
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Diane M Simeone
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Surgery, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Pathology, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Departments of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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43
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Ferro F, Servais S, Besson P, Roger S, Dumas JF, Brisson L. Autophagy and mitophagy in cancer metabolic remodelling. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 98:129-138. [PMID: 31154012 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in tumours is now recognized as a hallmark of cancer, participating both in tumour growth and cancer progression. Cancer cells develop global metabolic adaptations allowing them to survive in the low oxygen and nutrient tumour microenvironment. Among these metabolic adaptations, cancer cells use glycolysis but also mitochondrial oxidations to produce ATP and building blocks needed for their high proliferation rate. Another particular adaptation of cancer cell metabolism is the use of autophagy and specific forms of autophagy like mitophagy to recycle intracellular components in condition of metabolic stress or during anticancer treatments. The plasticity of cancer cell metabolism is a major limitation of anticancer treatments and could participate to therapy resistances. The aim of this review is to report recent advances in the understanding of the relationship between tumour metabolism and autophagy/mitophagy in order to propose new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Ferro
- Université de Tours, Inserm, UMR1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours, France
| | - Stéphane Servais
- Université de Tours, Inserm, UMR1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours, France
| | - Pierre Besson
- Université de Tours, Inserm, UMR1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours, France
| | - Sébastien Roger
- Université de Tours, EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie et Inflammation, Tours, France
| | - Jean-François Dumas
- Université de Tours, Inserm, UMR1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours, France
| | - Lucie Brisson
- Université de Tours, Inserm, UMR1069 Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Tours, France.
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44
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Cui J, Wang L, Ren X, Zhang Y, Zhang H. LRPPRC: A Multifunctional Protein Involved in Energy Metabolism and Human Disease. Front Physiol 2019; 10:595. [PMID: 31178748 PMCID: PMC6543908 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) family plays a major role in RNA stability, regulation, processing, splicing, translation, and editing. Leucine-rich PPR-motif-containing protein (LRPPRC), a member of the PPR family, is a known gene mutation that causes Leigh syndrome French-Canadian. Recently, growing evidence has pointed out that LRPPRC dysregulation is related to various diseases ranging from tumors to viral infections. This review presents available published data on the LRPPRC protein function and its role in tumors and other diseases. As a multi-functional protein, LRPPRC regulates a myriad of biological processes, including energy metabolism and maturation and the export of nuclear mRNA. Overexpression of LRPPRC has been observed in various human tumors and is associated with poor prognosis. Downregulation of LRPPRC inhibits growth and invasion, induces apoptosis, and overcomes drug resistance in tumor cells. In addition, LRPPRC plays a potential role in Parkinson's disease, neurofibromatosis 1, viral infections, and venous thromboembolism. Further investigating these new functions of LRPPRC should provide novel opportunities for a better understanding of its pathological role in diseases from tumors to viral infections and as a potential biomarker and molecular target for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cui
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,College of General Practitioners, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,College of General Practitioners, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyue Ren
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,College of General Practitioners, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,College of General Practitioners, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongyi Zhang
- College of General Practitioners, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Abstract
Introduction: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a distinct head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in its etiological association of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, hidden anatomical location, remarkable racial and geographical distribution, and high incidence of locoregional recurrence or metastasis. Thanks to the advancements in proteomics in recent decades, more understanding of the disease etiology, carcinogenesis, and progression has been gained, potentially deciphering the molecular characteristics of the malignancy. Areas covered: In this review, we provide an overview of the proteomic aberrations that are likely involved or drive NPC development and progression, focusing on the contributions of major EBV-encoded factors, intercommunication with environment, protein features of high metastasis and therapy resistance, and protein-protein interactions that allow NPC cells to evade immune recognition and elimination. Finally, multistep carcinogenesis and subtypes of NPC from a proteomic perspective are inquired. Expert commentary: Proteomic studies have covered various aspects involved in NPC pathogenesis, yet much remains to be uncovered. Coherent study designs, optimal conditions for obtaining high-quality data, and compelling interpretation are critical in ensuring the emergence of good science out of NPC proteomics. NPC proteogenomics and proteoform analysis are two promising fields to promote the application of the proteomic findings from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhefeng Xiao
- a NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , P. R. China
| | - Zhuchu Chen
- a NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , P. R. China
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46
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Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Toxicity in the Geriatric Population: Challenges and Future Directions. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:biology8020032. [PMID: 31083551 PMCID: PMC6628177 DOI: 10.3390/biology8020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function declines with age, leading to a variety of age-related diseases (metabolic, central nervous system-related, cancer, etc.) and medication usage increases with age due to the increase in diseases. Drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity has been described for many different drug classes and can lead to liver, muscle, kidney and central nervous system injury and, in rare cases, to death. Many of the most prescribed medications in the geriatric population carry mitochondrial liabilities. We have demonstrated that, over the past decade, each class of drugs that demonstrated mitochondrial toxicity contained drugs with both more and less adverse effects on mitochondria. As patient treatment is often essential, we suggest using medication(s) with the best safety profile and the avoidance of concurrent usage of multiple medications that carry mitochondrial liabilities. In addition, we also recommend lifestyle changes to further improve one’s mitochondrial function, such as weight loss, exercise and nutrition.
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Nicolas E, Tricarico R, Savage M, Golemis EA, Hall MJ. Disease-Associated Genetic Variation in Human Mitochondrial Protein Import. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:784-801. [PMID: 31051112 PMCID: PMC6506819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has consequences not only for cellular energy output but also for cellular signaling pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunction, often based on inherited gene variants, plays a role in devastating human conditions such as mitochondrial neuropathies, myopathies, cardiovascular disorders, and Parkinson and Alzheimer diseases. Of the proteins essential for mitochondrial function, more than 98% are encoded in the cell nucleus, translated in the cytoplasm, sorted based on the presence of encoded mitochondrial targeting sequences (MTSs), and imported to specific mitochondrial sub-compartments based on the integrated activity of a series of mitochondrial translocases, proteinases, and chaperones. This import process is typically dynamic; as cellular homeostasis is coordinated through communication between the mitochondria and the nucleus, many of the adaptive responses to stress depend on modulation of mitochondrial import. We here describe an emerging class of disease-linked gene variants that are found to impact the mitochondrial import machinery itself or to affect the proteins during their import into mitochondria. As a whole, this class of rare defects highlights the importance of correct trafficking of mitochondrial proteins in the cell and the potential implications of failed targeting on metabolism and energy production. The existence of this variant class could have importance beyond rare neuromuscular disorders, given an increasing body of evidence suggesting that aberrant mitochondrial function may impact cancer risk and therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Nicolas
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Rossella Tricarico
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Michelle Savage
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Erica A Golemis
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Michael J Hall
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Department of Clinical Genetics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
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48
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Pötsch I, Baier D, Keppler BK, Berger W. Challenges and Chances in the Preclinical to Clinical Translation of Anticancer Metallodrugs. METAL-BASED ANTICANCER AGENTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788016452-00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite being “sentenced to death” for quite some time, anticancer platinum compounds are still the most frequently prescribed cancer therapies in the oncological routine and recent exciting news from late-stage clinical studies on combinations of metallodrugs with immunotherapies suggest that this situation will not change soon. It is perhaps surprising that relatively simple molecules like cisplatin, discovered over 50 years ago, are still widely used clinically, while none of the highly sophisticated metal compounds developed over the last decade, including complexes with targeting ligands and multifunctional (nano)formulations, have managed to obtain clinical approval. In this book chapter, we summarize the current status of ongoing clinical trials for anticancer metal compounds and discuss the reasons for previous failures, as well as new opportunities for the clinical translation of metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pötsch
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Dina Baier
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
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Spitz DR, Buettner GR, Petronek MS, St-Aubin JJ, Flynn RT, Waldron TJ, Limoli CL. An integrated physico-chemical approach for explaining the differential impact of FLASH versus conventional dose rate irradiation on cancer and normal tissue responses. Radiother Oncol 2019; 139:23-27. [PMID: 31010709 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2019.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
For decades the field of radiation oncology has sought to improve the therapeutic ratio through innovations in physics, chemistry, and biology. To date, technological advancements in image guided beam delivery techniques have provided clinicians with their best options for improving this critical tool in cancer care. Medical physics has focused on the preferential targeting of tumors while minimizing the collateral dose to the surrounding normal tissues, yielding only incremental progress. However, recent developments involving ultra-high dose rate irradiation termed FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT), that were initiated nearly 50 years ago, have stimulated a renaissance in the field of radiotherapy, long awaiting a breakthrough modality able to enhance therapeutic responses and limit normal tissue injury. Compared to conventional dose rates used clinically (0.1-0.2 Gy/s), FLASH can implement dose rates of electrons or X-rays in excess of 100 Gy/s. The implications of this ultra-fast delivery of dose are significant and need to be re-evaluated to appreciate the fundamental aspects underlying this seemingly unique radiobiology. The capability of FLASH to significantly spare normal tissue complications in multiple animal models, when compared to conventional rates of dose-delivery, while maintaining persistent growth inhibition of select tumor models has generated considerable excitement, as well as skepticism. Based on fundamental principles of radiation physics, radio-chemistry, and tumor vs. normal cell redox metabolism, this article presents a series of testable, biologically relevant hypotheses, which may help rationalize the differential effects of FLASH irradiation observed between normal tissue and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, United States.
| | - Garry R Buettner
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, United States
| | - Michael S Petronek
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, United States
| | - Joël J St-Aubin
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, United States
| | - Ryan T Flynn
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, United States
| | - Timothy J Waldron
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, Free Radical Metabolism and Imaging Program, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Iowa, United States
| | - Charles L Limoli
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, United States
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50
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Li W, Wubulikasimu G, Zhao X, Wang C, Liu R, Wang L, Zhu X, Chen Z. UQCRC1 downregulation is correlated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in CRC. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019; 45:1005-1010. [PMID: 30842031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is common in cancer. UQCRC1 is a nuclear-encoded protein localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane; however, little is known about it in colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression pattern and the possible clinical significance of UQCRC1 in CRC. METHODS A total of 197 patients with CRC were enrolled in this study. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression pattern of UQCRC1. The relationship between UQCRC1 and clinical characteristics, especially lymph node metastasis, was also assessed. In addition, we evaluated the significance of UQCRC1 in the prognosis for CRC patients. RESULTS UQCRC1 was downregulated in 28.9% (57/197) of human CRCs. Downregulation of UQCRC1 was correlated with increased lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001) and decreased disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that downregulation of UQCRC1 was an independent prognostic factor both for DFS (HR 3.009; 95% CI: 1.613-8.548, P = 0.009) and OS (HR 4.062; 95% CI: 2.835-8.910, P = 0.001). In addition, downregulation of UQCRC1 was correlated with increased VEGF-C expression (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION UQCRC1 was downregulated in human CRC. Downregulation of UQCRC1 was correlated with increased lymph node metastasis and finally associated with decreased survival in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Gulinaizaier Wubulikasimu
- Department of Oncology, Kashgar Prefecture Second People's Hospital of Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Rujiao Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Kashgar Prefecture Second People's Hospital of Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhiyu Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, 130 Dong An Road, Shanghai, 200032, China; Department of Oncology, Kashgar Prefecture Second People's Hospital of Kashi, 844000, Xinjiang, China.
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