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Israel JS, Marcelin LM, Thomas C, Szczyrbová E, Fuessel S, Puhr M, Linxweiler J, Yalala S, Zwart WT, Baniahmad A, van Goubergen J, Itkonen HM, Sharp A, O'Neill E, Pretze M, Miederer M, Erb HHH. Emerging frontiers in androgen receptor research for prostate Cancer: insights from the 2nd international androgen receptor Symposium. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:194. [PMID: 39014480 PMCID: PMC11253403 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Continued exploration of the androgen receptor (AR) is crucial, as it plays pivotal roles in diverse diseases such as prostate cancer (PCa), serving as a significant therapeutic focus. Therefore, the Department of Urology Dresden hosted an international meeting for scientists and clinical oncologists to discuss the newest advances in AR research. The 2nd International Androgen Receptor Symposium was held in Dresden, Saxony, Germany, from 26-27.04.2024, organised by Dr. Holger H.H. Erb. Following the format of the first meeting, more than 35 scientists from 8 countries attended the event to discuss recent developments, research challenges, and identification of venues in AR research. An important new feature was the involvement of PhD students and young investigators, acknowledging the high scientific quality of their work. The symposium included three covers: new advances from clinical research, basic and translational research, and novel strategies to target AR. Moreover, based on its increasing clinical relevance, a PSMA theranostic mini-symposium was added at the end of the AR symposium to allow the audience to discuss the newest advances in PSMA theranostic. This report focuses on the highlights and discussions of the meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus Simon Israel
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura-Maria Marcelin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Szczyrbová
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University and University Hospital, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Susanne Fuessel
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Puhr
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Shivani Yalala
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Wilbert T Zwart
- Division of Oncogenomics, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aria Baniahmad
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Harri M Itkonen
- Department of Biochemistry and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Adam Sharp
- Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey, UK
| | - Edward O'Neill
- MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marc Pretze
- Institut für Radiopharmazie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstraße 400, D-01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Miederer
- Department of Translational Imaging in Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT/UCC) Dresden: Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology Dresden (TUD), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Holger H H Erb
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
- Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany.
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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2
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Lombardi Z, Gardini L, Kashchuk AV, Menconi A, Lulli M, Tusa I, Tubita A, Maresca L, Stecca B, Capitanio M, Rovida E. Importin subunit beta-1 mediates ERK5 nuclear translocation, and its inhibition synergizes with ERK5 kinase inhibitors in reducing cancer cell proliferation. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38965815 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is emerging as a promising target in cancer. Indeed, alterations of the MEK5/ERK5 pathway are present in many types of cancer, including melanoma. One of the key events in MAPK signalling is MAPK nuclear translocation and its subsequent regulation of gene expression. Likewise, the effects of ERK5 in supporting cancer cell proliferation have been linked to its nuclear localization. Despite many processes regulating ERK5 nuclear translocation having been determined, the nuclear transporters involved have not yet been identified. Here, we investigated the role of importin subunit alpha (α importin) and importin subunit beta-1 (importin β1) in ERK5 nuclear shuttling to identify additional targets for cancer treatment. Either importin β1 knockdown or the α/β1 importin inhibitor ivermectin reduced the nuclear amount of overexpressed and endogenous ERK5 in HEK293T and A375 melanoma cells, respectively. These results were confirmed in single-molecule microscopy in HeLa cells. Moreover, immunofluorescence analysis showed that ivermectin impairs epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced ERK5 nuclear shuttling in HeLa cells. Both co-immunoprecipitation experiments and proximity ligation assay provided evidence that ERK5 and importin β1 interact and that this interaction is further induced by EGF administration and prevented by ivermectin treatment. The combination of ivermectin and the ERK5 inhibitor AX15836 synergistically reduced cell viability and colony formation ability in A375 and HeLa cells and was more effective than single treatments in preventing the growth of A375 and HeLa spheroids. The increased reduction of cell viability upon the same combination was also observed in patient-derived metastatic melanoma cells. The combination of ivermectin and ERK5 inhibitors other than AX15836 provided similar effects on cell viability. The identification of importin β1 as the nuclear transporter of ERK5 may be exploited for additional ERK5-inhibiting strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Lombardi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Lucia Gardini
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Florence, Italy
- European Laboratory of Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Florence, Italy
| | - Anatolii V Kashchuk
- European Laboratory of Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Florence, Italy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Alessio Menconi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Lulli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Ignazia Tusa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tubita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Luisa Maresca
- Core Research Laboratory - Institute for Cancer Research and Prevention (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Stecca
- Core Research Laboratory - Institute for Cancer Research and Prevention (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Capitanio
- European Laboratory of Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Florence, Italy
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Rovida
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
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3
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Kaur R, Suresh PK. Chemoresistance Mechanisms in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer-Opportunities for Drug Repurposing. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:4382-4438. [PMID: 37721630 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04595-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Globally, lung cancer contributes significantly to the public health burden-associated mortality. As this form of cancer is insidious in nature, there is an inevitable diagnostic delay leading to chronic tumor development. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constitutes 80-85% of all lung cancer cases, making this neoplasia form a prevalent subset of lung carcinoma. One of the most vital aspects for proper diagnosis, prognosis, and adequate therapy is the precise classification of non-small cell lung cancer based on biomarker expression profiling. This form of biomarker profiling has provided opportunities for improvements in patient stratification, mechanistic insights, and probable druggable targets. However, numerous patients have exhibited numerous toxic side effects, tumor relapse, and development of therapy-based chemoresistance. As a result of these exacting situations, there is a dire need for efficient and effective new cancer therapeutics. De novo drug development approach is a costly and tedious endeavor, with an increased attrition rate, attributed, in part, to toxicity-related issues. Drug repurposing, on the other hand, when combined with computer-assisted systems biology approach, provides alternatives to the discovery of new, efficacious, and safe drugs. Therefore, in this review, we focus on a comparison of the conventional therapy-based chemoresistance mechanisms with the repurposed anti-cancer drugs from three different classes-anti-parasitic, anti-depressants, and anti-psychotics for cancer treatment with a primary focus on NSCLC therapeutics. Certainly, amalgamating these novel therapeutic approaches with that of the conventional drug regimen in NSCLC-affected patients will possibly complement/synergize the existing therapeutic modalities. This approach has tremendous translational significance, since it can combat drug resistance and cytotoxicity-based side effects and provides a relatively new strategy for possible application in therapy of individuals with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajdeep Kaur
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P K Suresh
- Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Gossen KR, Zhang M, Nikolov ZL, Fernando SD, King MD. Binding behavior of receptor binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and ivermectin. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2743. [PMID: 38302638 PMCID: PMC10834942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53086-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), sparked an international debate on effective ways to prevent and treat the virus. Specifically, there were many varying opinions on the use of ivermectin (IVM) throughout the world, with minimal research to support either side. IVM is an FDA-approved antiparasitic drug that was discovered in the 1970s and was found to show antiviral activity. The objective of this study is to examine the binding behavior and rates of association and dissociation between SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD), IVM, and their combination using aminopropylsilane (APS) biosensors as surrogates for the hydrophobic interaction between the viral protein and human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors to determine the potential of IVM as a repurposed drug for SARS-CoV-2 prevention and treatment. The IVM, RBD, and combination binding kinetics were analyzed using biolayer interferometry (BLI) and validated with multiple in silico techniques including protein-ligand docking, molecular dynamics simulation, molecular mechanics-generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA), and principal component analysis (PCA). Our results suggest that with increasing IVM concentrations the association rate with the hydrophobic biosensor increases with a simultaneous decrease in dissociation. Significant kinetic changes to RBD, when combined with IVM, were found only at a concentration a thousand times the approved dosage with minimal changes found over a 35-min time period. Our study suggests that IVM is not an effective preventative or treatment method at the currently approved dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasidy R Gossen
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, 2117 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Meiyi Zhang
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, 2117 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Zivko L Nikolov
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, 2117 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Sandun D Fernando
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, 2117 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Maria D King
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas A&M University, 2117 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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Luo Z, Huang Y, Batra N, Chen Y, Huang H, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Li S, Chen CY, Wang Z, Sun J, Wang QJ, Yang D, Lu B, Conway JF, Li LY, Yu AM, Li S. Inhibition of iRhom1 by CD44-targeting nanocarrier for improved cancer immunochemotherapy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:255. [PMID: 38177179 PMCID: PMC10766965 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The multifaceted chemo-immune resistance is the principal barrier to achieving cure in cancer patients. Identifying a target that is critically involved in chemo-immune-resistance represents an attractive strategy to improve cancer treatment. iRhom1 plays a role in cancer cell proliferation and its expression is negatively correlated with immune cell infiltration. Here we show that iRhom1 decreases chemotherapy sensitivity by regulating the MAPK14-HSP27 axis. In addition, iRhom1 inhibits the cytotoxic T-cell response by reducing the stability of ERAP1 protein and the ERAP1-mediated antigen processing and presentation. To facilitate the therapeutic translation of these findings, we develop a biodegradable nanocarrier that is effective in codelivery of iRhom pre-siRNA (pre-siiRhom) and chemotherapeutic drugs. This nanocarrier is effective in tumor targeting and penetration through both enhanced permeability and retention effect and CD44-mediated transcytosis in tumor endothelial cells as well as tumor cells. Inhibition of iRhom1 further facilitates tumor targeting and uptake through inhibition of CD44 cleavage. Co-delivery of pre-siiRhom and a chemotherapy agent leads to enhanced antitumor efficacy and activated tumor immune microenvironment in multiple cancer models in female mice. Targeting iRhom1 together with chemotherapy could represent a strategy to overcome chemo-immune resistance in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyi Luo
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yixian Huang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Neelu Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Yuang Chen
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haozhe Huang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yifei Wang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ziqian Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shichen Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Chien-Yu Chen
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zehua Wang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Qiming Jane Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Da Yang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Binfeng Lu
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, NJ, USA
| | - James F Conway
- Department of Structural Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lu-Yuan Li
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ai-Ming Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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6
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Hu X, Ju Y, Zhang YK. Ivermectin as a potential therapeutic strategy for glioma. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25254. [PMID: 37814994 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Ivermectin (IVM), a semi-synthetic macrolide parasiticide, has demonstrated considerable effectiveness in combating internal and external parasites, particularly nematodes and arthropods. Its remarkable ability to control parasites has earned it significant recognition, culminating in Satoshi Omura and William C. Campbell's receipt of the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their contributions to the development of IVM. In recent years, investigations have revealed that IVM possesses antitumor properties. It can suppress the growth of various cancer cells, including glioma, through a multitude of mechanisms such as selective targeting of tumor-specific proteins, inducing programmed cell death, and modulation of tumor-related signaling pathways. Hence, IVM holds tremendous potential as a novel anticancer drug. This review seeks to provide an overview of the underlying mechanisms that enable IVM's capacity to suppress glioma. Furthermore, it aims to elucidate the challenges and prospects associated with utilizing IVM as a new anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yan Ju
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yue-Kang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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Meng X, Peng X, Ouyang W, Li H, Na R, Zhou W, You X, Li Y, Pu X, Zhang K, Xia J, Wang J, Zhuang G, Tang H, Peng Z. Musashi-2 Deficiency Triggers Colorectal Cancer Ferroptosis by Downregulating the MAPK Signaling Cascade to Inhibit HSPB1 Phosphorylation. Biol Proced Online 2023; 25:32. [PMID: 38041016 PMCID: PMC10691036 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-023-00222-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musashi-2 (MSI2) is a critical RNA-binding protein (RBP) whose ectopic expression drives the pathogenesis of various cancers. Accumulating evidence suggests that inducing ferroptosis of tumor cells can inhibit their malignant biological behavior as a promising therapeutic approach. However, it is unclear whether MSI2 regulates cell death in colorectal cancer (CRC), especially the underlying mechanisms and biological effects in CRC ferroptosis remain elusive. METHODS Experimental methods including qRT‒PCR, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, western blot, co-immunoprecipitation, CCK-8, colony formation assay, in vitro cell transwell migration and invasion assays, in vivo xenograft tumor experiments, liver and lung CRC metastasis models, CAC mice models, transmission electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, histopathology, 4D label-free proteomics sequencing, bioinformatic and database analysis were used in this study. RESULTS Here, we investigated that MSI2 was upregulated in CRC and positively correlated with ferroptosis inhibitor molecules. MSI2 deficiency suppressed CRC malignancy by inhibiting cell proliferation, viability, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo; and MSI2 deficiency triggered CRC ferroptosis by changing the intracellular redox state (ROS levels and lipid peroxidation), erastin induced cell mortality and viability, iron homeostasis (intracellular total irons and ferrous irons), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and mitochondrial injury. Mechanistically, through 4D-lable free proteomics analysis on SW620 stable cell lines, we demonstrated that MSI2 directly interacted with p-ERK and MSI2 knockdown downregulated the p-ERK/p38/MAPK axis signaling pathway, which further repressed MAPKAPK2 and HPSB1 phosphorylation, leading to decreased expression of PCNA and Ki67 and increased expression of ACSL4 in cancer cells. Furthermore, HSPB1 could rescue the phenotypes of MSI2 deficiency on CRC ferroptosis in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that MSI2 deficiency suppresses the growth and survival of CRC cells and promotes ferroptosis by inactivating the MAPK signaling pathway to inhibit HSPB1 phosphorylation, which leads to downregulation of PCNA and Ki67 and upregulation of ACSL4 in cancer cells and subsequently induces redox imbalance, iron accumulation and mitochondrial shrinkage, ultimately triggering ferroptosis. Therefore, targeted inhibition of MSI2/MAPK/HSPB1 axis to promote ferroptosis might be a potential treatment strategy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaole Meng
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wanxin Ouyang
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Risi Na
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenting Zhou
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xuting You
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xin Pu
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Junjie Xia
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guohong Zhuang
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Huamei Tang
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Department of Pathology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Zhihai Peng
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Organ Transplantation Clinical Medical Center of Xiamen University, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Boyd RA, Majumder S, Stiban J, Mavodza G, Straus AJ, Kempelingaiah SK, Reddy V, Hannun YA, Obeid LM, Senkal CE. The heat shock protein Hsp27 controls mitochondrial function by modulating ceramide generation. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113081. [PMID: 37689067 PMCID: PMC10591768 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids have key functions in membrane structure and cellular signaling. Ceramide is the central molecule of the sphingolipid metabolism and is generated by ceramide synthases (CerS) in the de novo pathway. Despite their critical function, mechanisms regulating CerS remain largely unknown. Using an unbiased proteomics approach, we find that the small heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) interacts specifically with CerS1 but not other CerS. Functionally, our data show that Hsp27 acts as an endogenous inhibitor of CerS1. Wild-type Hsp27, but not a mutant deficient in CerS1 binding, inhibits CerS1 activity. Additionally, silencing of Hsp27 enhances CerS1-generated ceramide accumulation in cells. Moreover, phosphorylation of Hsp27 modulates Hsp27-CerS1 interaction and CerS1 activity in acute stress-response conditions. Biologically, we show that Hsp27 knockdown impedes mitochondrial function and induces lethal mitophagy in a CerS1-dependent manner. Overall, we identify an important mode of CerS1 regulation and CerS1-mediated mitophagy through protein-protein interaction with Hsp27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan A Boyd
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23398, USA
| | - Saurav Majumder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23398, USA
| | - Johnny Stiban
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23398, USA; Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Birzeit University, Ramallah, Palestine
| | - Grace Mavodza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23398, USA
| | - Alexandra J Straus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23398, USA
| | - Sachin K Kempelingaiah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23398, USA
| | - Varun Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Yusuf A Hannun
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Lina M Obeid
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; Northport Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Northport, NY 11768, USA
| | - Can E Senkal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23398, USA; Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23398, USA.
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9
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Heiserman JP, Minhas Z, Nikpayam E, Cheon DJ. Targeting Heat Shock Protein 27 and Fatty Acid Oxidation Augments Cisplatin Treatment in Cisplatin-Resistant Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12638. [PMID: 37628819 PMCID: PMC10454186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Most ovarian cancer patients develop recurrent cancers which are often resistant to commonly employed chemotherapy agents, such as cisplatin. We have previously shown that the inhibition of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) or fatty acid oxidation (FAO) sensitizes cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines to cisplatin and dual inhibition of both HSP27 and FAO induces substantial cell death in vitro. However, it is unclear how HSP27 and FAO promote cisplatin resistance, and if dual inhibition of both HSP27 and FAO would augment cisplatin treatment in vivo. Here we showed that HSP27 knockdown in two cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780CIS and PEO4) resulted in more ROS production upon cisplatin treatment. HSP27-knockdown cancer cells exhibited decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and glucose6phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a crucial pentose phosphate pathway enzyme. ROS depletion with the compound N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) attenuated cisplatin-induced upregulation of HSP27, FAO, and markers of apoptosis and ferroptosis in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines. Finally, inhibition of HSP27 and FAO with ivermectin and perhexiline enhanced the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin in A2780CIS xenograft tumors in vivo. Our results suggest that two different cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell lines upregulate HSP27 and FAO to deplete cisplatin-induced ROS to attenuate cisplatin's cytotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dong-Joo Cheon
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA; (J.P.H.); (E.N.)
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10
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Moyano P, Sola E, Naval MV, Guerra-Menéndez L, Fernández MDLC, del Pino J. Neurodegenerative Proteinopathies Induced by Environmental Pollutants: Heat Shock Proteins and Proteasome as Promising Therapeutic Tools. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2048. [PMID: 37631262 PMCID: PMC10458078 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollutants' (EPs) amount and diversity have increased in recent years due to anthropogenic activity. Several neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are theorized to be related to EPs, as their incidence has increased in a similar way to human EPs exposure and they reproduce the main ND hallmarks. EPs induce several neurotoxic effects, including accumulation and gradual deposition of misfolded toxic proteins, producing neuronal malfunction and cell death. Cells possess different mechanisms to eliminate these toxic proteins, including heat shock proteins (HSPs) and the proteasome system. The accumulation and deleterious effects of toxic proteins are induced through HSPs and disruption of proteasome proteins' homeostatic function by exposure to EPs. A therapeutic approach has been proposed to reduce accumulation of toxic proteins through treatment with recombinant HSPs/proteasome or the use of compounds that increase their expression or activity. Our aim is to review the current literature on NDs related to EP exposure and their relationship with the disruption of the proteasome system and HSPs, as well as to discuss the toxic effects of dysfunction of HSPs and proteasome and the contradictory effects described in the literature. Lastly, we cover the therapeutic use of developed drugs and recombinant proteasome/HSPs to eliminate toxic proteins and prevent/treat EP-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Moyano
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Emma Sola
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Victoria Naval
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Bothanic, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Guerra-Menéndez
- Department of Physiology, Medicine School, San Pablo CEU University, 28003 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria De la Cabeza Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier del Pino
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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11
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Wu B, Wei X, Wang N, Xia C, Bao R, Cao J, Zhong Z, Liu Z, Ma L, Huang G. Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antiproliferative Evaluation of Phenylalkylamino-containing Alepterolic Acid Derivatives. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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12
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Alhasan B, Mikeladze M, Guzhova I, Margulis B. Autophagy, molecular chaperones, and unfolded protein response as promoters of tumor recurrence. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:217-254. [PMID: 36723697 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10085-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumor recurrence is a paradoxical function of a machinery, whereby a small proportion of the cancer cell population enters a resistant, dormant state, persists long-term in this condition, and then transitions to proliferation. The dormant phenotype is typical of cancer stem cells, tumor-initiating cells, disseminated tumor cells, and drug-tolerant persisters, which all demonstrate similar or even equivalent properties. Cancer cell dormancy and its conversion to repopulation are regulated by several protein signaling systems that inhibit or induce cell proliferation and provide optimal interrelations between cancer cells and their special niche; these systems act in close connection with tumor microenvironment and immune response mechanisms. During dormancy and reawakening periods, cell proteostasis machineries, autophagy, molecular chaperones, and the unfolded protein response are recruited to protect refractory tumor cells from a wide variety of stressors and therapeutic insults. Proteostasis mechanisms functionally or even physically interfere with the main regulators of tumor relapse, and the significance of these interactions and implications in the tumor recurrence phases are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar Alhasan
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Marina Mikeladze
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina Guzhova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Boris Margulis
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhoretsky Ave. 4, 194064, St. Petersburg, Russia
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13
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Rizvi SF, Hasan A, Parveen S, Mir SS. Untangling the complexity of heat shock protein 27 in cancer and metastasis. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 736:109537. [PMID: 36738981 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein 27 is a type of molecular chaperone whose expression gets up-regulated due to reaction towards different stressful triggers including anticancer treatments. It is known to be a major player of resistance development in cancer cells, whereby cells are sheltered against the therapeutics that normally activate apoptosis. Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is one of the highly expressed proteins during various cellular insults and is a strong tumor survival factor. HSP27 influences various cellular pathways associated with cancer cell survival and growth such as apoptosis, autophagy, metastasis, angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, etc. HSP27 is molecular machinery which prevents the clumping of numerous substrates or client proteins which get mutated in cancer. It has been reported in several studies that targeting HSP27 is difficult because of its dynamic structure and absence of an ATP-binding site. Here, in this review, we have summarized different modulators of HSP27 and their mechanism of action as well. Effect of deregulated HSP27 in various cancer models, limitations of targeting HSP27, resistance against the conventional drugs generated due to the overexpression of HSP27, and measures to counteract this effect have also been discussed here in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suroor Fatima Rizvi
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India.
| | - Adria Hasan
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India; Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India.
| | - Sana Parveen
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India; Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India.
| | - Snober S Mir
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Integral Information and Research Centre-4 (IIRC-4), Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India; Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, India.
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14
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Integrated analysis reveals FOXA1 and Ku70/Ku80 as targets of ivermectin in prostate cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:754. [PMID: 36050295 PMCID: PMC9436997 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ivermectin is a widely used antiparasitic drug and shows promising anticancer activity in various cancer types. Although multiple signaling pathways modulated by ivermectin have been identified in tumor cells, few studies have focused on the exact target of ivermectin. Herein, we report the pharmacological effects and targets of ivermectin in prostate cancer. Ivermectin caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, induced cell apoptosis and DNA damage, and decreased androgen receptor (AR) signaling in prostate cancer cells. Further in vivo analysis showed ivermectin could suppress 22RV1 xenograft progression. Using integrated omics profiling, including RNA-seq and thermal proteome profiling, the forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair executer Ku70/Ku80 were strongly suggested as direct targets of ivermectin in prostate cancer. The interaction of ivermectin and FOXA1 reduced the chromatin accessibility of AR signaling and the G0/G1 cell cycle regulator E2F1, leading to cell proliferation inhibition. The interaction of ivermectin and Ku70/Ku80 impaired the NHEJ repair ability. Cooperating with the downregulation of homologous recombination repair ability after AR signaling inhibition, ivermectin increased intracellular DNA double-strand breaks and finally triggered cell death. Our findings demonstrate the anticancer effect of ivermectin in prostate cancer, indicating that its use may be a new therapeutic approach for prostate cancer.
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Discovery of Novel HSP27 Inhibitors as Prospective Anti-Cancer Agents Utilizing Computer-Assisted Therapeutic Discovery Approaches. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152412. [PMID: 35954254 PMCID: PMC9368632 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) is a protein that works as a chaperone and an antioxidant and is activated by heat shock, environmental stress, and pathophysiological stress. However, HSP27 dysregulation is a characteristic of many human cancers. HSP27 suppresses apoptosis and cytoskeletal reorganization. As a result, it is recognized as a critical therapeutic target for effective cancer therapy. Despite the effectiveness of multiple HSP27 inhibitors in pre-clinical investigations and clinical trials, no HSP27 inhibitor has progressed to the anticancer phase of the development. These difficulties have mostly been attributable to existing anticancer therapies’ inability to target oncogenic HSP27. Highly selective HSP27 inhibitors with higher effective-ness and low toxicity led to the development of combination techniques that include computer-aided assisted therapeutic discovery and design. This study emphasizes the most recent results and roles of HSP27 in cancer and the potential for utilizing an anticancer chemical database to uncover novel compounds to inhibit HSP27.
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16
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The Role of Hsp27 in Chemotherapy Resistance. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040897. [PMID: 35453647 PMCID: PMC9028095 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein (Hsp)-27 is a small-sized, ATP-independent, chaperone molecule that is overexpressed under conditions of cellular stress such as oxidative stress and heat shock, and protects proteins from unfolding, thus facilitating proteostasis and cellular survival. Despite its protective role in normal cell physiology, Hsp27 overexpression in various cancer cell lines is implicated in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis through various mechanisms, including modulation of the SWH pathway, inhibition of apoptosis, promotion of EMT, adaptation of CSCs in the tumor microenvironment and induction of angiogenesis. Investigation of the role of Hsp27 in the resistance of various cancer cell types against doxorubicin, herceptin/trastuzumab, gemcitabine, 5-FU, temozolomide, and paclitaxel suggested that Hsp27 overexpression promotes cancer cell survival against the above-mentioned chemotherapeutic agents. Conversely, Hsp27 inhibition increased the efficacy of those chemotherapy drugs, both in vitro and in vivo. Although numerous signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms were implicated in that chemotherapy resistance, Hsp27 most commonly contributed to the upregulation of Akt/mTOR signaling cascade and inactivation of p53, thus inhibiting the chemotherapy-mediated induction of apoptosis. Blockage of Hsp27 could enhance the cytotoxic effect of well-established chemotherapeutic drugs, especially in difficult-to-treat cancer types, ultimately improving patients’ outcomes.
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17
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Holguin BA, Hildenbrand ZL, Bernal RA. Insights Into the Role of Heat Shock Protein 27 in the Development of Neurodegeneration. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:868089. [PMID: 35431800 PMCID: PMC9005852 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.868089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock protein 27 is a critically important chaperone, that plays a key role in several essential and varied physiological processes. These include thermotolerance, apoptosis, cytoskeletal dynamics, cell differentiation, protein folding, among others. Despite its relatively small size and intrinsically disordered termini, it forms large and polydisperse oligomers that are in equilibrium with dimers. This equilibrium is driven by transient interactions between the N-terminal region, the α-crystallin domain, and the C-terminal region. The continuous redistribution of binding partners results in a conformationally dynamic protein that allows it to adapt to different functions where substrate capture is required. However, the intrinsic disorder of the amino and carboxy terminal regions and subsequent conformational variability has made structural investigations challenging. Because heat shock protein 27 is critical for so many key cellular functions, it is not surprising that it also has been linked to human disease. Charcot-Marie-Tooth and distal hereditary motor neuropathy are examples of neurodegenerative disorders that arise from single point mutations in heat shock protein 27. The development of possible treatments, however, depends on our understanding of its normal function at the molecular level so we might be able to understand how mutations manifest as disease. This review will summarize recent reports describing investigations into the structurally elusive regions of Hsp27. Recent insights begin to provide the required context to explain the relationship between a mutation and the resulting loss or gain of function that leads to Charcot-Marie Tooth disease and distal hereditary motor neuropathy.
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18
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Somasekharan SP, Saxena N, Zhang F, Beraldi E, Huang J, Gentle C, Fazli L, Thi M, Sorensen P, Gleave M. Regulation of AR mRNA translation in response to acute AR pathway inhibition. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 50:1069-1091. [PMID: 34939643 PMCID: PMC8789049 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a new mechanism of androgen receptor (AR) mRNA regulation and cytoprotection in response to AR pathway inhibition (ARPI) stress in prostate cancer (PCA). AR mRNA translation is coordinately regulated by RNA binding proteins, YTHDF3 and G3BP1. Under ambient conditions m6A-modified AR mRNA is bound by YTHDF3 and translationally stimulated, while m6A-unmodified AR mRNA is bound by G3BP1 and translationally repressed. When AR-regulated PCA cell lines are subjected to ARPI stress, m6A-modified AR mRNA is recruited from actively translating polysomes (PSs) to RNA-protein stress granules (SGs), leading to reduced AR mRNA translation. After ARPI stress, m6A-modified AR mRNA liquid–liquid phase separated with YTHDF3, while m6A-unmodified AR mRNA phase separated with G3BP1. Accordingly, these AR mRNA messages form two distinct YTHDF3-enriched or G3BP1-enriched clusters in SGs. ARPI-induced SG formation is cell-protective, which when blocked by YTHDF3 or G3BP1 silencing increases PCA cell death in response to ARPI stress. Interestingly, AR mRNA silencing also delays ARPI stress-induced SG formation, highlighting its supportive role in triggering this stress response. Our results define a new mechanism for stress adaptive cell survival after ARPI stress involving SG-regulated translation of AR mRNA, mediated by m6A RNA modification and their respective regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syam Prakash Somasekharan
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Neetu Saxena
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Eliana Beraldi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jia Ni Huang
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Christina Gentle
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ladan Fazli
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Marisa Thi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Poul H Sorensen
- British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Martin Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, Canada
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19
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The role of heat shock proteins in neoplastic processes and the research on their importance in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2021; 25:73-79. [PMID: 34667432 PMCID: PMC8506434 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2021.106006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are chaperones with highly conservative primary structure, necessary in the processes of protein folding to the most energetically advantageous conformation and maintaining their stability. HSPs perform a number of important functions in various cellular processes and are capable of modulating pathophysiological conditions at the cellular and systemic levels. An example is the high level of HSP expression in neoplastic tissues, which disrupts the apoptosis of transformed cells and promotes the processes of proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. In addition, an increasing amount of information is appearing about the participation of HSPs in the formation of multidrug resistance.This paper provides a review of the current state of research on the fundamental importance as well as the diagnostic and prognostic role of various classes of HSP in cancer treatment. It presents the prospects for using HSPs as biological markers of disease progression and targets in various cancer treatment strategies. However, the need for additional research is quite high. Only numerous joint efforts of research groups will allow the effective use of HSPs as a tool to combat cancer.
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20
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Oligomeric Structural Transition of HspB1 from Chinese Hamster. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910797. [PMID: 34639138 PMCID: PMC8509488 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
HspB1 is a mammalian sHsp that is ubiquitously expressed in almost all tissues and involved in regulating many vital functions. Although the recent crystal structure of human HspB1 showed that 24 monomers form the oligomeric complex of human HspB1 in a spherical configuration, the molecular architecture of HspB1 is still controversial. In this study, we examined the oligomeric structural change of CgHspB1 by sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation. At the low temperature of 4 °C, CgHspB1 exists as an 18-mer, probably a trimeric complex of hexamers. It is relatively unstable and partially dissociates into small oligomers, hexamers, and dodecamers. At elevated temperatures, the 24-mer was more stable than the 18-mer. The 24-mer is also in dynamic equilibrium with the dissociated oligomers in the hexameric unit. The hexamer further dissociates to dimers. The disulfide bond between conserved cysteine residues seems to be partly responsible for the stabilization of hexamers. The N-terminal domain is involved in the assembly of dimers and the interaction between hexamers. It is plausible that CgHspB1 expresses a chaperone function in the 24-mer structure.
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21
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Heiserman JP, Nallanthighal S, Gifford CC, Graham K, Samarakoon R, Gao C, Sage JJ, Zhang W, Higgins PJ, Cheon DJ. Heat Shock Protein 27, a Novel Downstream Target of Collagen Type XI alpha 1, Synergizes with Fatty Acid Oxidation to Confer Cisplatin Resistance in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194855. [PMID: 34638339 PMCID: PMC8508313 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Collagen type XI alpha 1 (COL11A1) is a novel biomarker associated with poor survival in ovarian cancer and a promoter of ovarian cancer cell resistance to cisplatin. However, it is poorly understood how COL11A1 promotes ovarian cancer cisplatin resistance. We performed assays to discover the biological molecules that are activated by COL11A1 in ovarian cancer cells. We found that heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), a cellular stress response protein, is activated by COL11A1. Furthermore, we observed that depletion and drug inhibition of HSP27 makes ovarian cancer cells grown on COL11A1 to be more susceptible to cisplatin treatment. We also discovered that ovarian cancer cells upregulate fatty acid oxidation (FAO), a metabolic process that breaks down fats to generate energy and biomolecules, to compensate for the loss of HSP27. Our findings have therapeutic implications for clinicians who wish to treat ovarian tumors that maintain high levels of COL11A1 and HSP27. Abstract Collagen type XI alpha 1 (COL11A1) is a novel biomarker associated with cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer. We have previously reported that COL11A1 activates Src-Akt signaling through the collagen receptors discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) and integrin α1β1 to confer cisplatin resistance to ovarian cancer cells. To identify the potential signaling molecules downstream of COL11A1 signaling, we performed protein kinase arrays and identified heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) as a potential mediator of COL11A1-induced cisplatin resistance. Through receptor knockdown and inhibitor experiments, we demonstrated that COL11A1 significantly upregulates HSP27 phosphorylation and expression via DDR2/integrin α1β1 and Src/Akt signaling in ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, genetic knockdown and pharmacological inhibition of HSP27, via ivermectin treatment, significantly sensitizes ovarian cancer cells cultured on COL11A1 to cisplatin treatment. HSP27 knockdown or inhibition also decreases NFκB activity as well as the expression of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), which are known downstream effector molecules of COL11A1 that promote cisplatin resistance. Interestingly, HSP27 knockdown or inhibition stimulates ovarian cancer cells to upregulate fatty acid oxidation (FAO) for survival and cisplatin resistance, and dual inhibition of HSP27 and FAO synergistically kills ovarian cancer cells that are cultured on COL11A1. Collectively, this study identifies HSP27 as a novel and druggable COL11A1 downstream effector molecule that may be targeted to overcome cisplatin resistance in recurrent ovarian cancer, which often overexpress COL11A1.
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22
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Yang S, Xiao H, Cao L. Recent advances in heat shock proteins in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, metabolism and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112074. [PMID: 34426258 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of proteins, also known as molecular chaperones, which participate in protein folding and maturation in response to stresses or high temperature. According to their molecular weights, mammalian HSPs are classified into HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70, HSP90, and large HSPs. Previous studies have revealed that HSPs play important roles in oncogenesis and malignant progression because they can modulate all six hallmark traits of cancer. Because of this, HSPs have been propelled into the spotlight as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as an exciting anticancer drug target. However, the relationship between the expression level of HSPs and their activity and cancer diagnosis, prognosis, metabolism and treatment is not clear and has not been completely established. Herein, this review summarizes and discusses recent advances and perspectives in major HSPs as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, as regulators for cancer metabolism or as therapeutic targets for cancer therapy, which may provide new directions to improve the accuracy of cancer diagnosis and develop more effective and safer anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxian Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Cao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China; Zhongguancun Open Laboratory of the Research and Development of Natural Medicine and Health Products, Beijing 100193, China; Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China.
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23
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Khoobchandani M, Khan A, Katti KK, Thipe VC, Al-Yasiri AY, MohanDoss DKD, Nicholl MB, Lugão AB, Hans CP, Katti KV. Green nanotechnology of MGF-AuNPs for immunomodulatory intervention in prostate cancer therapy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16797. [PMID: 34408231 PMCID: PMC8373987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96224-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Men with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) face poor prognosis and increased risk of treatment-incurred adverse effects resulting in one of the highest mortalities among patient population globally. Immune cells act as double-edged sword depending on the tumor microenvironment, which leads to increased infiltration of pro-tumor (M2) macrophages. Development of new immunomodulatory therapeutic agents capable of targeting the tumor microenvironment, and hence orchestrating the transformation of pro-tumor M2 macrophages to anti-tumor M1, would substantially improve treatment outcomes of CRPC patients. We report, herein, Mangiferin functionalized gold nanoparticulate agent (MGF-AuNPs) and its immunomodulatory characteristics in treating prostate cancer. We provide evidence of immunomodulatory intervention of MGF-AuNPs in prostate cancers through observations of enhanced levels of anti-tumor cytokines (IL-12 and TNF-α) with concomitant reductions in the levels of pro-tumor cytokines (IL-10 and IL-6). In the MGF-AuNPs treated groups, IL-12 was elevated to ten-fold while TNF-α was elevated to about 50-fold, while IL-10 and IL-6 were reduced by two-fold. Ability of MGF-AuNPs to target splenic macrophages is invoked via targeting of NF-kB signaling pathway. Finally, therapeutic efficacy of MGF-AuNPs, in treating prostate cancer in vivo in tumor bearing mice, is described taking into consideration various immunomodulatory interventions triggered by this green nanotechnology-based nanomedicine agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menka Khoobchandani
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 4511 Forest Park Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
| | - Aslam Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Kavita K Katti
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Velaphi C Thipe
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, IPEN/CNEN-SP, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Amal Y Al-Yasiri
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Institute (NSEI), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
- College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Darsha K D MohanDoss
- Dhanvantari Nano Ayushadi Pvt Ltd, No. 8/34, Neelakanta Mehta Street, T. Nagar, Chennai, 600017, India
| | | | - Ademar B Lugão
- Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia, Centro de Química e Meio Ambiente, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear, IPEN/CNEN-SP, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Chetan P Hans
- Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA
| | - Kattesh V Katti
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Green Nanotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
- Department of Physics, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
- University of Missouri Research Reactor (MURR), University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65212, USA.
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24
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Efficient Heat Shock Response Affects Hyperthermia-Induced Radiosensitization in a Tumor Spheroid Control Probability Assay. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13133168. [PMID: 34201993 PMCID: PMC8269038 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13133168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthermia (HT) combined with irradiation is a well-known concept to improve the curative potential of radiotherapy. Technological progress has opened new avenues for thermoradiotherapy, even for recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Preclinical evaluation of the curative radiosensitizing potential of various HT regimens remains ethically, economically, and technically challenging. One key objective of our study was to refine an advanced 3-D assay setup for HT + RT research and treatment testing. For the first time, HT-induced radiosensitization was systematically examined in two differently radioresponsive HNSCC spheroid models using the unique in vitro "curative" analytical endpoint of spheroid control probability. We further investigated the cellular stress response mechanisms underlying the HT-related radiosensitization process with the aim to unravel the impact of HT-induced proteotoxic stress on the overall radioresponse. HT disrupted the proteome's thermal stability, causing severe proteotoxic stress. It strongly enhanced radiation efficacy and affected paramount survival and stress response signaling networks. Transcriptomics, q-PCR, and western blotting data revealed that HT + RT co-treatment critically triggers the heat shock response (HSR). Pre-treatment with chemical chaperones intensified the radiosensitizing effect, thereby suppressing HT-induced Hsp27 expression. Our data suggest that HT-induced radiosensitization is adversely affected by the proteotoxic stress response. Hence, we propose the inhibition of particular heat shock proteins as a targeting strategy to improve the outcome of combinatorial HT + RT.
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25
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Drug-Like Small Molecule HSP27 Functional Inhibitor Sensitizes Lung Cancer Cells to Gefitinib or Cisplatin by Inducing Altered Cross-Linked Hsp27 Dimers. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050630. [PMID: 33925114 PMCID: PMC8145107 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationships between heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) and cancer aggressiveness, metastasis, drug resistance, and poor patient outcomes in various cancer types including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were reported, and inhibition of HSP27 expression is suggested to be a possible strategy for cancer therapy. Unlike HSP90 or HSP70, HSP27 does not have an ATP-binding pocket, and no effective HSP27 inhibitors have been identified. Previously, NSCLC cancer cells were sensitized to radiation and chemotherapy when co-treated with small molecule HSP27 functional inhibitors such as zerumbone (ZER), SW15, and J2 that can induce abnormal cross-linked HSP27 dimer. In this study, cancer inhibition effects of NA49, a chromenone compound with better solubility, longer circulation time, and less toxicity than J2, were examined in combination with anticancer drugs such as cisplatin and gefitinib in NSCLC cell lines. When the cytotoxic drug cisplatin was treated in combination with NA49 in epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) WT cell lines, sensitization was induced in an HSP27 expression-dependent manner. With gefitinib treatment, NA49 showed increased combination effects in both EGFR WT and Mut cell lines, also with HSP27 expression-dependent patterns. Moreover, NA49 induced sensitization in EGFR Mut cells with a secondary mutation of T790M when combined with gefitinib. Augmented tumor growth inhibition was shown with the combination of cisplatin or gefitinib and NA49 in nude mouse xenograft models. These results suggest the combination of HSP27 inhibitor NA49 and anticancer agents as a candidate for overcoming HSP27-mediated drug resistance in NSCLC patients.
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26
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Simon S, Aissat A, Degrugillier F, Simonneau B, Fanen P, Arrigo AP. Small Hsps as Therapeutic Targets of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084252. [PMID: 33923911 PMCID: PMC8072646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human small heat shock proteins are molecular chaperones that regulate fundamental cellular processes in normal and pathological cells. Here, we have reviewed the role played by HspB1, HspB4 and HspB5 in the context of Cystic Fibrosis (CF), a severe monogenic autosomal recessive disease linked to mutations in Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator protein (CFTR) some of which trigger its misfolding and rapid degradation, particularly the most frequent one, F508del-CFTR. While HspB1 and HspB4 favor the degradation of CFTR mutants, HspB5 and particularly one of its phosphorylated forms positively enhance the transport at the plasma membrane, stability and function of the CFTR mutant. Moreover, HspB5 molecules stimulate the cellular efficiency of currently used CF therapeutic molecules. Different strategies are suggested to modulate the level of expression or the activity of these small heat shock proteins in view of potential in vivo therapeutic approaches. We then conclude with other small heat shock proteins that should be tested or further studied to improve our knowledge of CFTR processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Simon
- INSERM, IMRB, Paris Est Creteil University, F-94010 Creteil, France; (A.A.); (F.D.); (B.S.); (P.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Abdel Aissat
- INSERM, IMRB, Paris Est Creteil University, F-94010 Creteil, France; (A.A.); (F.D.); (B.S.); (P.F.)
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, F-94010 Creteil, France
| | - Fanny Degrugillier
- INSERM, IMRB, Paris Est Creteil University, F-94010 Creteil, France; (A.A.); (F.D.); (B.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Benjamin Simonneau
- INSERM, IMRB, Paris Est Creteil University, F-94010 Creteil, France; (A.A.); (F.D.); (B.S.); (P.F.)
| | - Pascale Fanen
- INSERM, IMRB, Paris Est Creteil University, F-94010 Creteil, France; (A.A.); (F.D.); (B.S.); (P.F.)
- Département de Génétique, AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, F-94010 Creteil, France
| | - André-Patrick Arrigo
- Apoptosis, Cancer and Development Laboratory, Lyon Cancer Research Center, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Centre Léon Bérard, F-69008 Lyon, France;
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27
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Rabben HL, Andersen GT, Ianevski A, Olsen MK, Kainov D, Grønbech JE, Wang TC, Chen D, Zhao CM. Computational Drug Repositioning and Experimental Validation of Ivermectin in Treatment of Gastric Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:625991. [PMID: 33867984 PMCID: PMC8044519 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.625991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was repositioning of ivermectin in treatment of gastric cancer (GC) by computational prediction based on gene expression profiles of human and mouse model of GC and validations with in silico, in vitro and in vivo approaches. Methods: Computational drug repositioning was performed using connectivity map (cMap) and data/pathway mining with the Ingenuity Knowledge Base. Tissue samples of GC were collected from 16 patients and 57 mice for gene expression profiling. Additional seven independent datasets of gene expression of human GC from the TCGA database were used for validation. In silico testing was performed by constructing interaction networks of ivermectin and the downstream effects in targeted signaling pathways. In vitro testing was carried out in human GC cell lines (MKN74 and KATO-III). In vivo testing was performed in a transgenic mouse model of GC (INS-GAS mice). Results: GC gene expression “signature” and data/pathway mining but not cMAP revealed nine molecular targets of ivermectin in both human and mouse GC associated with WNT/β-catenin signaling as well as cell proliferation pathways. In silico inhibition of the targets of ivermectin and concomitant activation of ivermectin led to the inhibition of WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway in “dose-depended” manner. In vitro, ivermectin inhibited cell proliferation in time- and concentration-depended manners, and cells were arrested in the G1 phase at IC50 and shifted to S phase arrest at >IC50. In vivo, ivermectin reduced the tumor size which was associated with inactivation of WNT/β-catenin signaling and cell proliferation pathways and activation of cell death signaling pathways. Conclusion: Ivermectin could be recognized as a repositioning candidate in treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne-Line Rabben
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,The Central Norway Regional Health Authority (RHA), Stjørdal, Norway
| | - Gøran Troseth Andersen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aleksandr Ianevski
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Magnus Kringstad Olsen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Denis Kainov
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Jon Erik Grønbech
- Surgical Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Timothy Cragin Wang
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
| | - Duan Chen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Chun-Mei Zhao
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.,The Central Norway Regional Health Authority (RHA), Stjørdal, Norway
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28
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Balana AT, Levine PM, Craven TW, Mukherjee S, Pedowitz NJ, Moon SP, Takahashi TT, Becker CFW, Baker D, Pratt MR. O-GlcNAc modification of small heat shock proteins enhances their anti-amyloid chaperone activity. Nat Chem 2021; 13:441-450. [PMID: 33723378 PMCID: PMC8102337 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00648-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A major role for the intracellular post-translational modification O-GlcNAc appears to be the inhibition of protein aggregation. Most of the previous studies in this area focused on O-GlcNAc modification of the amyloid-forming proteins themselves. Here we used synthetic protein chemistry to discover that O-GlcNAc also activates the anti-amyloid activity of certain small heat shock proteins (sHSPs), a potentially more important modification event that can act broadly and substoichiometrically. More specifically, we found that O-GlcNAc increases the ability of sHSPs to block the amyloid formation of both α-synuclein and Aβ(1-42). Mechanistically, we show that O-GlcNAc near the sHSP IXI-domain prevents its ability to intramolecularly compete with substrate binding. Finally, we found that, although O-GlcNAc levels are globally reduced in Alzheimer's disease brains, the modification of relevant sHSPs is either maintained or increased, which suggests a mechanism to maintain these potentially protective O-GlcNAc modifications. Our results have important implications for neurodegenerative diseases associated with amyloid formation and potentially other areas of sHSP biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron T Balana
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul M Levine
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Timothy W Craven
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nichole J Pedowitz
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stuart P Moon
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Terry T Takahashi
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christian F W Becker
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Baker
- Department of Biochemistry and Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Matthew R Pratt
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. .,Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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29
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Saxena N, Beraldi E, Fazli L, Somasekharan SP, Adomat H, Zhang F, Molokwu C, Gleave A, Nappi L, Nguyen K, Brar P, Nikesitch N, Wang Y, Collins C, Sorensen PH, Gleave M. Androgen receptor (AR) antagonism triggers acute succinate-mediated adaptive responses to reactivate AR signaling. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13427. [PMID: 33709547 PMCID: PMC8103094 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment-induced adaptive pathways converge to support androgen receptor (AR) reactivation and emergence of castration-resistant prostate cancer (PCa) after AR pathway inhibition (ARPI). We set out to explore poorly defined acute adaptive responses that orchestrate shifts in energy metabolism after ARPI and identified rapid changes in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), a TCA cycle enzyme with well-known tumor suppressor activity. We show that AR directly regulates transcription of its catalytic subunits (SDHA, SDHB) via androgen response elements (AREs). ARPI acutely suppresses SDH activity, leading to accumulation of the oncometabolite, succinate. Succinate triggers calcium ions release from intracellular stores, which in turn phospho-activates the AR-cochaperone, Hsp27 via p-CaMKK2/p-AMPK/p-p38 axis to enhance AR protein stabilization and activity. Activation of this pathway was seen in tissue microarray analysis on prostatectomy tissues and patient-derived xenografts. This adaptive response is blocked by co-targeting AR with Hsp27 under both in vitro and in vivo studies, sensitizing PCa cells to ARPI treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Saxena
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Ladan Fazli
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Hans Adomat
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Fan Zhang
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Anna Gleave
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Lucia Nappi
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Pavn Brar
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Colin Collins
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Poul H Sorensen
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Martin Gleave
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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30
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Li Y, Orahoske CM, Geldenhuys WJ, Bhattarai A, Sabbagh A, Bobba V, Salem FM, Zhang W, Shukla GC, Lathia JD, Wang B, Su B. Small-Molecule HSP27 Inhibitor Abolishes Androgen Receptors in Glioblastoma. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1570-1583. [PMID: 33523674 PMCID: PMC8284899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) contributes to the progression of glioblastoma (GBM), and antiandrogen agents have the potential to be used for the treatment of GBM. However, AR mutation commonly happens in GBM, which makes the antiandrogen agents less effective. Heat shock 27 kDa protein (HSP27) is a well-documented chaperone protein to stabilize ARs. Inhibition of HSP27 results in AR degradation regardless of the mutation status of ARs, which makes HSP27 a good target to abolish ARs in GBM. Compound I is a HSP27 inhibitor that significantly induces AR degradation in GBM cells via the proteasomal pathway, and it selectively inhibits AR-overexpressed GBM cell growth with IC50 values around 5 nM. The compound also significantly inhibits in vivo GBM xenograft at 20 mg/kg and does not cause toxicity to mice up to 80 mg/kg. These results suggest that targeting HSP27 to induce AR degradation in GBM is a promising and novel treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Cody M Orahoske
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Werner J Geldenhuys
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Asmita Bhattarai
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Abboud Sabbagh
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Viharika Bobba
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Fatma M Salem
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Girish C Shukla
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
| | - Bingcheng Wang
- Rammelkamp Center for Research and Department of Medicine, MetroHealth Campus, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44109, United States
| | - Bin Su
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, College of Sciences and Health Professions, Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United States
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31
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Li N, Li J, Desiderio DM, Zhan X. SILAC quantitative proteomics analysis of ivermectin-related proteomic profiling and molecular network alterations in human ovarian cancer cells. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2021; 56:e4659. [PMID: 33047383 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The antiparasitic agent ivermectin offers more promises to treat a diverse range of diseases. However, a comprehensive proteomic analysis of ivermectin-treated ovarian cancer (OC) cells has not been performed. This study sought to identify ivermectin-related proteomic profiling and molecular network alterations in human OC cells. Stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based quantitative proteomics was used to study the human OC TOV-21G cells. After TOV-21G cells underwent 10 passages in SILAC-labeled growth media, TOV-21G cells were treated with 10 ml of 20 μmol/L ivermectin in cell growing medium for 24 h. The SILAC-labeled proteins were digested with trypsin; tryptic peptides were identified with mass spectrometry (MS). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis was used to mine signaling pathway alterations with ivermectin-related proteins in TOV-21G cells. Gene ontology (GO) analysis was used to explore biological functions of ivermectin-related proteins, including biological processes (BPs), cellular components (CCs), and molecular functions (MFs). The protein-protein interaction network was analyzed with molecular complex detection (MCODE) to identify hub modules. In total, 4,447 proteins were identified in ivermectin-treated TOV-21G cells. KEGG analysis revealed 89 statistically significant signaling pathways. Interestingly, the clustering analysis of these pathways showed that ivermectin was involved in various cancer pathogenesis processes, including modulation of replication, RNA metabolism, and translational machinery. GO analysis revealed 69 statistically significant CCs, 87 MFs, and 62 BPs. Furthermore, MCODE analysis identified five hub modules, including 147 hub molecules. Those hub modules involved ribosomal proteins, RNA-binding proteins, cell-cycle progression-related proteins, proteasome subunits, and minichromosome maintenance proteins. These findings demonstrate that SILAC quantitative proteomics is an effective method to analyze ivermectin-treated cells, provide the first ivermectin-related proteomic profiling and molecular network alterations in human OC cells, and provide deeper insights into molecular mechanisms and functions of ivermectin to inhibit OC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- University Creative Research Initiatives Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- University Creative Research Initiatives Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Dominic M Desiderio
- The Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, 38163, USA
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- University Creative Research Initiatives Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- State Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Anticancer Drugs, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
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32
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Tang M, Hu X, Wang Y, Yao X, Zhang W, Yu C, Cheng F, Li J, Fang Q. Ivermectin, a potential anticancer drug derived from an antiparasitic drug. Pharmacol Res 2021; 163:105207. [PMID: 32971268 PMCID: PMC7505114 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ivermectin is a macrolide antiparasitic drug with a 16-membered ring that is widely used for the treatment of many parasitic diseases such as river blindness, elephantiasis and scabies. Satoshi ōmura and William C. Campbell won the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the excellent efficacy of ivermectin against parasitic diseases. Recently, ivermectin has been reported to inhibit the proliferation of several tumor cells by regulating multiple signaling pathways. This suggests that ivermectin may be an anticancer drug with great potential. Here, we reviewed the related mechanisms by which ivermectin inhibited the development of different cancers and promoted programmed cell death and discussed the prospects for the clinical application of ivermectin as an anticancer drug for neoplasm therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Tang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China; Clinical Medical Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
| | - Xin Yao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China; Clinical Medical Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
| | - Chenying Yu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China; Clinical Medical Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
| | - Fuying Cheng
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China; Clinical Medical Department, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
| | - Jiangyan Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
| | - Qiang Fang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China; Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China; School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui Province 233030, China.
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Ivermectin: An Anthelmintic, an Insecticide, and Much More. Trends Parasitol 2020; 37:48-64. [PMID: 33189582 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Here we tell the story of ivermectin, describing its anthelmintic and insecticidal actions and recent studies that have sought to reposition ivermectin for the treatment of other diseases that are not caused by helminth and insect parasites. The standard theory of its anthelmintic and insecticidal mode of action is that it is a selective positive allosteric modulator of glutamate-gated chloride channels found in nematodes and insects. At higher concentrations, ivermectin also acts as an allosteric modulator of ion channels found in host central nervous systems. In addition, in tissue culture, at concentrations higher than anthelmintic concentrations, ivermectin shows antiviral, antimalarial, antimetabolic, and anticancer effects. Caution is required before extrapolating from these preliminary repositioning experiments to clinical use, particularly for Covid-19 treatment, because of the high concentrations of ivermectin used in tissue-culture experiments.
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Shatov VM, Strelkov SV, Gusev NB. The Heterooligomerization of Human Small Heat Shock Proteins Is Controlled by Conserved Motif Located in the N-Terminal Domain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124248. [PMID: 32549212 PMCID: PMC7352286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitously expressed human small heat shock proteins (sHsps) HspB1, HspB5, HspB6 and HspB8 contain a conserved motif (S/G)RLFD in their N-terminal domain. For each of them, we prepared mutants with a replacement of the conserved R by A (R/A mutants) and a complete deletion of the pentapeptide (Δ mutants) and analyzed their heterooligomerization with other wild-type (WT) human sHsps. We found that WT HspB1 and HspB5 formed heterooligomers with HspB6 only upon heating. In contrast, both HspB1 mutants interacted with WT HspB6 even at low temperature. HspB1/HspB6 heterooligomers revealed a broad size distribution with equimolar ratio suggestive of heterodimers as building blocks, while HspB5/HspB6 heterooligomers had an approximate 2:1 ratio. In contrast, R/A or Δ mutants of HspB6, when mixed with either HspB1 or HspB5, resulted in heterooligomers with a highly variable molar ratio and a decreased HspB6 incorporation. No heterooligomerization of HspB8 or its mutants with either HspB1 or HspB5 could be detected. Finally, R/A or Δ mutations had no effect on heterooligomerization of HspB1 and HspB5 as analyzed by ion exchange chromatography. We conclude that the conserved N-terminal motif plays an important role in heterooligomer formation, as especially pronounced in HspB6 lacking the C-terminal IXI motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav M. Shatov
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian;
| | - Sergei V. Strelkov
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Nikolai B. Gusev
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian;
- Correspondence:
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