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Xiang X, Bhowmick K, Shetty K, Ohshiro K, Yang X, Wong LL, Yu H, Latham PS, Satapathy SK, Brennan C, Dima RJ, Chambwe N, Sharifova G, Cacaj F, John S, Crawford JM, Huang H, Dasarathy S, Krainer AR, He AR, Amdur RL, Mishra L. Mechanistically based blood proteomic markers in the TGF-β pathway stratify risk of hepatocellular cancer in patients with cirrhosis. Genes Cancer 2024; 15:1-14. [PMID: 38323119 PMCID: PMC10843195 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of death from cancer worldwide but is often diagnosed at an advanced incurable stage. Yet, despite the urgent need for blood-based biomarkers for early detection, few studies capture ongoing biology to identify risk-stratifying biomarkers. We address this gap using the TGF-β pathway because of its biological role in liver disease and cancer, established through rigorous animal models and human studies. Using machine learning methods with blood levels of 108 proteomic markers in the TGF-β family, we found a pattern that differentiates HCC from non-HCC in a cohort of 216 patients with cirrhosis, which we refer to as TGF-β based Protein Markers for Early Detection of HCC (TPEARLE) comprising 31 markers. Notably, 20 of the patients with cirrhosis alone presented an HCC-like pattern, suggesting that they may be a group with as yet undetected HCC or at high risk for developing HCC. In addition, we found two other biologically relevant markers, Myostatin and Pyruvate Kinase M2 (PKM2), which were significantly associated with HCC. We tested these for risk stratification of HCC in multivariable models adjusted for demographic and clinical variables, as well as batch and site. These markers reflect ongoing biology in the liver. They potentially indicate the presence of HCC early in its evolution and before it is manifest as a detectable lesion, thereby providing a set of markers that may be able to stratify risk for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Xiang
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Krishanu Bhowmick
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kirti Shetty
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kazufumi Ohshiro
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Linda L. Wong
- Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Herbert Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Patricia S. Latham
- Department of Pathology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Sanjaya K. Satapathy
- Department of Medicine, Sandra Atlas Bass Center for Liver Diseases and Transplantation, North Shore University Hospital/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Christina Brennan
- Office of Clinical Research, Northwell Health, Lake Success, NY 11042, USA
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Richard J. Dima
- Office of Clinical Research, Northwell Health, Lake Success, NY 11042, USA
| | - Nyasha Chambwe
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Gulru Sharifova
- Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Fellanza Cacaj
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Sahara John
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | | | - Hai Huang
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | | | - Aiwu R. He
- Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Richard L. Amdur
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Quantitative Intelligence, The Institutes for Health Systems Science, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Lopa Mishra
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
- Department of Surgery, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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2
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Teveroni E, Di Nicuolo F, Vergani E, Oliva A, Vodola EP, Bianchetti G, Maulucci G, De Spirito M, Cenci T, Pierconti F, Gulino G, Iavarone F, Urbani A, Milardi D, Pontecorvi A, Mancini F. SPTBN1 Mediates the Cytoplasmic Constraint of PTTG1, Impairing Its Oncogenic Activity in Human Seminoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16891. [PMID: 38069214 PMCID: PMC10707054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Seminoma is the most common testicular cancer. Pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) is a securin showing oncogenic activity in several tumors. We previously demonstrated that nuclear PTTG1 promotes seminoma tumor invasion through its transcriptional activity on matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and E-cadherin (CDH1). We wondered if specific interactors could affect its subcellular distribution. To this aim, we investigated the PTTG1 interactome in seminoma cell lines showing different PTTG1 nuclear levels correlated with invasive properties. A proteomic approach upon PTTG1 immunoprecipitation uncovered new specific securin interactors. Western blot, confocal microscopy, cytoplasmic/nuclear fractionation, sphere-forming assay, and Atlas database interrogation were performed to validate the proteomic results and to investigate the interplay between PTTG1 and newly uncovered partners. We observed that spectrin beta-chain (SPTBN1) and PTTG1 were cofactors, with SPTBN1 anchoring the securin in the cytoplasm. SPTBN1 downregulation determined PTTG1 nuclear translocation, promoting its invasive capability. Moreover, a PTTG1 deletion mutant lacking SPTBN1 binding was strongly localized in the nucleus. The Atlas database revealed that seminomas that contained higher nuclear PTTG1 levels showed significantly lower SPTBN1 levels in comparison to non-seminomas. In human seminoma specimens, we found a strong PTTG1/SPTBN1 colocalization that decreases in areas with nuclear PTTG1 distribution. Overall, these results suggest that SPTBN1, along with PTTG1, is a potential prognostic factor useful in the clinical management of seminoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Teveroni
- International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (F.D.N.); (A.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Fiorella Di Nicuolo
- International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (F.D.N.); (A.P.); (F.M.)
| | - Edoardo Vergani
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.V.); (A.O.); (E.P.V.)
| | - Alessandro Oliva
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.V.); (A.O.); (E.P.V.)
| | - Emanuele Pierpaolo Vodola
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.V.); (A.O.); (E.P.V.)
| | - Giada Bianchetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Biophysics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Biophysics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Spirito
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Biophysics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.); (M.D.S.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Tonia Cenci
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (T.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Francesco Pierconti
- Division of Anatomic Pathology and Histology, School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (T.C.); (F.P.)
| | - Gaetano Gulino
- Department of Urology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Federica Iavarone
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (A.U.)
- Clinical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Operations (UOC), Agostino Gemelli Foundation University Hospital IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.I.); (A.U.)
- Clinical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Operations (UOC), Agostino Gemelli Foundation University Hospital IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Milardi
- International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (F.D.N.); (A.P.); (F.M.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.V.); (A.O.); (E.P.V.)
| | - Alfredo Pontecorvi
- International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (F.D.N.); (A.P.); (F.M.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.V.); (A.O.); (E.P.V.)
| | - Francesca Mancini
- International Scientific Institute Paul VI, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (F.D.N.); (A.P.); (F.M.)
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Torres-Montaner A. Interactions between the DNA Damage Response and the Telomere Complex in Carcinogenesis: A Hypothesis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7582-7616. [PMID: 37754262 PMCID: PMC10527771 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45090478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Contrary to what was once thought, direct cancer originating from normal stem cells seems to be extremely rare. This is consistent with a preneoplastic period of telomere length reduction/damage in committed cells that becomes stabilized in transformation. Multiple observations suggest that telomere damage is an obligatory step preceding its stabilization. During tissue turnover, the telomeres of cells undergoing differentiation can be damaged as a consequence of defective DNA repair caused by endogenous or exogenous agents. This may result in the emergence of new mechanism of telomere maintenance which is the final outcome of DNA damage and the initial signal that triggers malignant transformation. Instead, transformation of stem cells is directly induced by primary derangement of telomere maintenance mechanisms. The newly modified telomere complex may promote survival of cancer stem cells, independently of telomere maintenance. An inherent resistance of stem cells to transformation may be linked to specific, robust mechanisms that help maintain telomere integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Torres-Montaner
- Department of Pathology, Queen’s Hospital, Rom Valley Way, Romford, London RM7 OAG, UK;
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biologia Molecular, Universidad de Cadiz, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain
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4
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Lominadze Z, Shaik MR, Choi D, Zaffar D, Mishra L, Shetty K. Hepatocellular Carcinoma Genetic Classification. Cancer J 2023; 29:249-258. [PMID: 37796642 PMCID: PMC10686192 DOI: 10.1097/ppo.0000000000000682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a significant global burden, with management complicated by its heterogeneity, varying presentation, and relative resistance to therapy. Recent advances in the understanding of the genetic, molecular, and immunological underpinnings of HCC have allowed a detailed classification of these tumors, with resultant implications for diagnosis, prognostication, and selection of appropriate treatments. Through the correlation of genomic features with histopathology and clinical outcomes, we are moving toward a comprehensive and unifying framework to guide our diagnostic and therapeutic approach to HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zurabi Lominadze
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
| | | | - Dabin Choi
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center
| | - Duha Zaffar
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland Midtown Medical Center
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health
| | - Kirti Shetty
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
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5
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Ye B, Yu M, Yue M, Yin M, Zhang C, Wang Q, Ding X, Shen W, Zhao Z. Role of PDLIM1 in hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis progression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10946. [PMID: 37414929 PMCID: PMC10326060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38144-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is caused by chronic hepatic injury and may lead to cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. When hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are activated by liver injury, they transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts, which secrete extracellular matrix proteins that generate the fibrous scar. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to find safe and effective drugs for HSCs activation treatment to prevent liver against fibrosis. Here, we reported that PDZ and LIM domain protein 1 (PDLIM1), a highly conserved cytoskeleton organization regulator, was significantly up-regulated in fibrotic liver tissues and TGF-β-treated HSC-T6 cells. Through transcriptome analysis, we found that knockdown of PDLIM1 resulted in a significant downregulation of genes related to inflammation and immune-related pathways in HSC-T6 cells. Moreover, PDLIM1 knockdown significantly inhibited the activation of HSC-T6 cells and the trans-differentiation of HSC-T6 cells into myofibroblasts. Mechanistically, PDLIM1 is involved in the regulation of TGF-β-mediated signaling pathways in HSCs activation. Thus, targeting PDLIM1 may provide an alternative method to suppress HSCs activation during liver injury. CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), a master regulator of genome architecture, is upregulated during HSCs activation. PDLIM1 knockdown also indirectly reduced CTCF protein expression, however, CTCF binding to chromatin was not significantly altered by CUT&Tag analysis. We speculate that CTCF may cooperate with PDLIM1 to activate HSCs in other ways. Our results suggest that PDLIM1 can accelerate the activation of HSCs and liver fibrosis progression and could be a potential biomarker for monitoring response to anti-fibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
| | - Mengli Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Meijuan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Man Yin
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xinru Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Wenlong Shen
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, No. 20, Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
| | - Zhihu Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, No. 20, Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, China.
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6
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Zou Q, Liu M, Liu K, Zhang Y, North BJ, Wang B. E3 ubiquitin ligases in cancer stem cells: key regulators of cancer hallmarks and novel therapeutic opportunities. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:545-570. [PMID: 36745329 PMCID: PMC10910623 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-023-00777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human malignancies are composed of heterogeneous subpopulations of cancer cells with phenotypic and functional diversity. Among them, a unique subset of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has both the capacity for self-renewal and the potential to differentiate and contribute to multiple tumor properties. As such, CSCs are promising cellular targets for effective cancer therapy. At the molecular level, hyper-activation of multiple stemness regulatory signaling pathways and downstream transcription factors play critical roles in controlling CSCs establishment and maintenance. To regulate CSC properties, these stemness pathways are controlled by post-translational modifications including, but not limited to phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, and ubiquitination. CONCLUSION In this review, we focus on E3 ubiquitin ligases and their roles and mechanisms in regulating essential hallmarks of CSCs, such as self-renewal, invasion and metastasis, metabolic reprogramming, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance. Moreover, we discuss emerging therapeutic approaches to eliminate CSCs through targeting E3 ubiquitin ligases by chemical inhibitors and proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTACs) which are currently under development at the discovery, preclinical, and clinical stages. Several outstanding issues such as roles for E3 ubiquitin ligases in heterogeneity and phenotypical/functional evolution of CSCs remain to be studied under pathologically and clinically relevant conditions. With the rapid application of functional genomic and proteomic approaches at single cell, spatiotemporal, and even single molecule levels, we anticipate that more specific and precise functions of E3 ubiquitin ligases will be delineated in dictating CSC properties. Rational design and proper translation of these mechanistic understandings may lead to novel therapeutic modalities for cancer procession medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kewei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Tumor Center, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Brian J North
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology & Chongqing Key Laboratory of Digestive Malignancies, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), 10 Changjiang Branch Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400042, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology of Ministry of Education of China, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Quon S, Yu B, Russ BE, Tsyganov K, Nguyen H, Toma C, Heeg M, Hocker JD, Milner JJ, Crotty S, Pipkin ME, Turner SJ, Goldrath AW. DNA architectural protein CTCF facilitates subset-specific chromatin interactions to limit the formation of memory CD8 + T cells. Immunity 2023; 56:959-978.e10. [PMID: 37040762 PMCID: PMC10265493 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Although the importance of genome organization for transcriptional regulation of cell-fate decisions and function is clear, the changes in chromatin architecture and how these impact effector and memory CD8+ T cell differentiation remain unknown. Using Hi-C, we studied how genome configuration is integrated with CD8+ T cell differentiation during infection and investigated the role of CTCF, a key chromatin remodeler, in modulating CD8+ T cell fates through CTCF knockdown approaches and perturbation of specific CTCF-binding sites. We observed subset-specific changes in chromatin organization and CTCF binding and revealed that weak-affinity CTCF binding promotes terminal differentiation of CD8+ T cells through the regulation of transcriptional programs. Further, patients with de novo CTCF mutations had reduced expression of the terminal-effector genes in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Therefore, in addition to establishing genome architecture, CTCF regulates effector CD8+ T cell heterogeneity through altering interactions that regulate the transcription factor landscape and transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Quon
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bingfei Yu
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Brendan E Russ
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Kirill Tsyganov
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Bioinformatics Platform, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Hongtuyet Nguyen
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Clara Toma
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Maximilian Heeg
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - James D Hocker
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - J Justin Milner
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shane Crotty
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Matthew E Pipkin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Stephen J Turner
- Department of Microbiology, Immunity Theme, Biomedical Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Ananda W Goldrath
- School of Biological Sciences, Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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8
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Tang W, Shao Q, He Z, Zhang X, Li X, Wu R. Clinical significance of nonerythrocytic spectrin Beta 1 (SPTBN1) in human kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and uveal melanoma: a study based on Pan-Cancer Analysis. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:303. [PMID: 37013511 PMCID: PMC10071745 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10789-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonerythrocytic spectrin beta 1 (SPTBN1) is an important cytoskeletal protein that involves in normal cell growth and development via regulating TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway, and is aberrantly expressed in various cancer types. But, the exact role of SPTBN1 in pan-cancer is still unclear. This report aimed to display expression patterns and prognostic landscapes of SPTBN1 in human cancers, and further assess its prognostic/therapeutic value and immunological role in kidney renal carcinoma (KIRC) and uveal melanoma (UVM). METHODS We firstly analyzed expression patterns and prognostic landscapes of SPTBN1 in human cancers using various databases and web-based tools. The relationships between SPTBN1 expression and survival/tumor immunity in KIRC and UVM were further investigated via R packages and TIMER 2.0 platform. The therapeutic roles of SPTBN1 in KIRC and UVM were also explored via R software. Following this, the prognostic value and cancer immunological role of SPTBN1 in KIRC and UVM were validated in our cancer patients and GEO database. RESULTS Overall, cancer tissue had a lower expression level of SPTBN1 frequently in pan-cancer, compared with those in adjacent nontumor one. SPTBN1 expression often showed a different effect on survival in pan-cancer; upregulation of SPTBN1 was protective to the survival of KIRC individuals, which was contrary from what was found in UVM patients. In KIRC, there were significant negative associations between SPTBN1 expression and pro-tumor immune cell infiltration, including Treg cell, Th2 cell, monocyte and M2-macrophage, and expression of immune modulator genes, such as tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 9 (TNFSF9); while, in UVM, these correlations exhibited opposite patterns. The following survival and expression correlation analysis in our cancer cohorts and GEO database confirmed these previous findings. Moreover, we also found that SPTBN1 was potentially involved in the resistance of immunotherapy in KIRC, and the enhance of anti-cancer targeted treatment in UVM. CONCLUSIONS The current study presented compelling evidence that SPTBN1 might be a novel prognostic and therapy-related biomarker in KIRC and UVM, shedding new light on anti-cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
- Department of Research and Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
- Department of Research and Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanwen He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
- Department of Research and Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Research and Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ruohao Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
- Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Da BL, He AR, Shetty K, Suchman KI, Yu H, Lau L, Wong LL, Rabiee A, Amdur RL, Crawford JM, Fox SS, Grimaldi GM, Shah PK, Weinstein J, Bernstein D, Satapathy SK, Chambwe N, Xiang X, Mishra L. Pathogenesis to management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Genes Cancer 2022; 13:72-87. [DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ben L. Da
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hepatology, Sandra Atlas Bass Center for Liver Diseases and Transplantation, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Aiwu Ruth He
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20007, USA
| | - Kirti Shetty
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kelly I. Suchman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Herbert Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI 96813-5516, USA
| | - Lawrence Lau
- Department of Surgery, North Shore University Hospital, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Linda L. Wong
- Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813-5516, USA
| | - Atoosa Rabiee
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, VA Medical Center, Washington DC 20422, USA
| | - Richard L. Amdur
- Quantitative Intelligence, The Institutes for Health Systems Science and Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY 10022, USA
| | - James M. Crawford
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Sharon S. Fox
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Gregory M. Grimaldi
- Department of Radiology, Northwell Health, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Priya K. Shah
- Department of Radiology, Northwell Health, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Jonathan Weinstein
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Northwell Health, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - David Bernstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hepatology, Sandra Atlas Bass Center for Liver Diseases and Transplantation, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Sanjaya K. Satapathy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hepatology, Sandra Atlas Bass Center for Liver Diseases and Transplantation, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Nyasha Chambwe
- The Institute of Molecular Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, NY 11030, USA
| | - Xiyan Xiang
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, NY 11030, USA
| | - Lopa Mishra
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research and Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, NY 11030, USA
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10
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Xiang X, Ohshiro K, Zaidi S, Yang X, Bhowmick K, Vegesna AK, Bernstein D, Crawford JM, Mishra B, Latham PS, Gough NR, Rao S, Mishra L. Impaired reciprocal regulation between SIRT6 and TGF-β signaling in fatty liver. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22335. [PMID: 35506565 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101518r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling contributes to fibrotic liver disease and hepatocellular cancer (HCC), both of which are associated with fatty liver disease. SIRT6 limits fibrosis by inhibiting TGF-β signaling through deacetylating SMAD2 and SMAD3 and limits lipogenesis by inhibiting SREBP1 and SREBP2 activity. Here, we showed that, compared to wild-type mice, high-fat diet-induced fatty liver is worse in TGF-β signaling-deficient mice (SPTBN1+/- ) and the mutant mice had reduced SIRT6 abundance in the liver. Therefore, we hypothesized that altered reciprocal regulation between TGF-β signaling and SIRT6 contributes to these liver pathologies. We found that deficiency in SMAD3 or SPTBN1 reduced SIRT6 mRNA and protein abundance and impaired TGF-β induction of SIRT6 transcripts, and that SMAD3 bound to the SIRT6 promoter, suggesting that an SMAD3-SPTBN1 pathway mediated the induction of SIRT6 in response to TGF-β. Overexpression of SIRT6 in HCC cells reduced the expression of TGF-β-induced genes, consistent with the suppressive role of SIRT6 on TGF-β signaling. Manipulation of SIRT6 abundance in HCC cells altered sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) activity and overexpression of SIRT6 reduced the amount of acetylated SPTBN1 and the abundance of both SMAD3 and SPTBN1. Furthermore, induction of SREBP target genes in response to SIRT6 overexpression was impaired in SPTBN1 heterozygous cells. Thus, we identified a regulatory loop between SIRT6 and SPTBN1 that represents a potential mechanism for susceptibility to fatty liver in the presence of dysfunctional TGF-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Xiang
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Kazufumi Ohshiro
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Sobia Zaidi
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Krishanu Bhowmick
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Anil K Vegesna
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - David Bernstein
- Division of Hepatology, Northwell Health and Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - James M Crawford
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, New York, USA
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Department of Neurology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Patricia S Latham
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Nancy R Gough
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Shuyun Rao
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Lopa Mishra
- The Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, New York, USA.,Department of Surgery, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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11
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Zaidi S, Gough NR, Mishra L. Mechanisms and clinical significance of TGF-β in hepatocellular cancer progression. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 156:227-248. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Rao S, Yang X, Ohshiro K, Zaidi S, Wang Z, Shetty K, Xiang X, Hassan MI, Mohammad T, Latham PS, Nguyen BN, Wong L, Yu H, Al-Abed Y, Mishra B, Vacca M, Guenigault G, Allison MED, Vidal-Puig A, Benhammou JN, Alvarez M, Pajukanta P, Pisegna JR, Mishra L. β2-spectrin (SPTBN1) as a therapeutic target for diet-induced liver disease and preventing cancer development. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabk2267. [PMID: 34910547 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abk2267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Rao
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research; Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.,Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington DC 20037, USA
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research; Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Kazufumi Ohshiro
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research; Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Sobia Zaidi
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research; Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Zhanhuai Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington DC 20037, USA.,Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Kirti Shetty
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Xiyan Xiang
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research; Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Patricia S Latham
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington DC 20037, USA.,Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington DC 20037, USA
| | - Bao-Ngoc Nguyen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington DC 20037, USA
| | - Linda Wong
- Cancer Biology Department, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, HI 96813, USA.,Department of Surgery, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, HI 96813, USA
| | - Herbert Yu
- Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, HI 96813, USA
| | - Yousef Al-Abed
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research; Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research; Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.,Department of Neurology, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Michele Vacca
- TVPLab, Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Michael E D Allison
- Liver Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Antonio Vidal-Puig
- TVPLab, Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK.,Cambridge University Nanjing Centre of Technology and Innovation, Jiangbei Area, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jihane N Benhammou
- Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases and Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles HCS, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marcus Alvarez
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Päivi Pajukanta
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Institute for Precision Health, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Joseph R Pisegna
- Department of Medicine and Human Genetics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Parenteral Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles HCS, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Institute for Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research; Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.,Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington DC 20037, USA.,Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
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13
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Wu C, Dong B, Huang L, Liu Y, Ye G, Li S, Qi Y. SPTBN2, a New Biomarker of Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:754290. [PMID: 34745988 PMCID: PMC8563792 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.754290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The roles played by β-III-spectrin, also known as spectrin beta, non-erythrocytic 2 (SPTBN2), in the occurrence and development of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been previously examined. Our study aimed to reveal the relationship between the SPTBN2 expression and LUAD. Materials and Methods Twenty pairs of LUAD tissues and adjacent tissues were collected from patients diagnosed and treated at the Thoracic Surgery Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 2019 to September 2020. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis determined that the expression of SPTBN2 was higher in LUAD samples than in adjacent normal tissues. The expression levels of SPTBN2 were examined in various databases, including the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Human Protein Atlas (HPA). The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) online website was used to examine protein–protein interactions involving SPTBN2, and the results were visualized by Cytoscape software. The Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plug-in for Cytoscape software was used to identify functional modules of the obtained protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Gene enrichment analysis was performed, and survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan–Meier plotter. The online prediction website TargetScan was used to predict SPTBN2-targeted miRNA sequences by searching for SPTBN2 sequences. Finally, we verified the expression of SPTBN2 in the obtained tissue samples using real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The human lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1299 were selected for the transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting SPTBN2 (si-SPTBN2), and the knockdown efficiency was evaluated by RT-qPCR. The cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion capacities of A549 and H1299 cells were determined using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) proliferation assay; the wound-healing assay and the Transwell migration assay; and the Matrigel invasion assay, respectively. Results The expression of SPTBN2 in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) ranked 13th among cancer cell lines based on the CCLE database. At the mRNA and protein levels, the expression levels of SPTBN2 were higher in LUAD tissues than in normal lung tissues. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that proteins related to SPTBN2 were enriched in apoptotic and phagosomal pathways. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that SPTBN2 expression was significantly related to the prognosis of patients with LUAD. The TargetScan database verified that miR-16 was a negative regulator of SPTBN2 mRNA expression. The results of the CCK-8 cell proliferation assay revealed that SPTBN2 knockdown significantly inhibited the cell proliferation abilities of A549 and H1299 cells. The wound-healing assay indicated that SPTBN2 knockdown resulted in reduced migration after 48 h compared with the control group. The Transwell migration and invasion test revealed that the migration and invasion abilities were greatly decreased by SPTBN2 knockdown compared with control conditions. Conclusion We uncovered a novel gene, SPTBN2, that was significantly upregulated in LUAD tissues relative to normal tissue expression. SPTBN2 is highly expressed in LUAD, positively correlated with poor prognosis, and can promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of LUAD cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Yafei Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Guanchao Ye
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Shihao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Yu Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
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14
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Torres-Montaner A. The telomere complex and the origin of the cancer stem cell. Biomark Res 2021; 9:81. [PMID: 34736527 PMCID: PMC8567692 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00339-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exquisite regulation of telomere length is essential for the preservation of the lifetime function and self-renewal of stem cells. However, multiple oncogenic pathways converge on induction of telomere attrition or telomerase overexpression and these events can by themselves trigger malignant transformation. Activation of NFκB, the outcome of telomere complex damage, is present in leukemia stem cells but absent in normal stem cells and can activate DOT1L which has been linked to MLL-fusion leukemias. Tumors that arise from cells of early and late developmental stages appear to follow two different oncogenic routes in which the role of telomere and telomerase signaling might be differentially involved. In contrast, direct malignant transformation of stem cells appears to be extremely rare. This suggests an inherent resistance of stem cells to cancer transformation which could be linked to a stem cell’specific mechanism of telomere maintenance. However, tumor protection of normal stem cells could also be conferred by cell extrinsic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Torres-Montaner
- Department of Pathology, Queen's Hospital, Rom Valley Way, London, Romford, RM7 OAG, UK. .,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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15
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Chen S, Wu H, Wang Z, Jia M, Guo J, Jin J, Li X, Meng D, Lin L, He AR, Zhou P, Zhi X. Loss of SPTBN1 Suppresses Autophagy Via SETD7-mediated YAP Methylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Initiation and Development. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:949-973.e7. [PMID: 34737104 PMCID: PMC8864474 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Loss of Spectrin beta, non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1) plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, the mechanisms underlying its involvement remain poorly understood. Defects in autophagy contribute to hepatic tumor formation. Hence, in this study, we explored the role and mechanism of SPTBN1 in the autophagy of hepatic stem cells (HSCs) and HCC cells. METHODS Expansion, autophagy, and malignant transformation of HSCs were detected in the injured liver of Sptbn1+/- mice induced by 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine treatment. Hippo pathway and Yes-associated protein (YAP) stabilization were examined in isolated HSCs, Huh-7, and PLC/PRF/5 HCC cells and hepatocytes with or without loss of SPTBN1. RESULTS We found that heterozygous SPTBN1 knockout accelerated liver tumor development with 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine induction. Rapamycin promoted autophagy in murine HSCs and reversed the increased malignant transformation induced by heterozygous SPTBN1 deletion. Loss of SPTBN1 also decreased autophagy and increased YAP stability and nuclear localization in human HCC cells and tissues, whereas YAP inhibition attenuated the effects of SPTBN1 deficiency on autophagy. Finally, we found that SPTBN1 positively regulated the expression of suppressor of variegation 3-9-enhancer of zeste-trithorax domain containing lysine methyltransferase 7 to promote YAP methylation, which may lead to YAP degradation and inactivation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide the first demonstration that loss of SPTBN1 impairs autophagy of HSCs to promote expansion and malignant transformation during hepatocarcinogenesis. SPTBN1 also cooperates with suppressor of variegation 3-9-enhancer of zeste-trithorax domain containing lysine methyltransferase 7 to inactive YAP, resulting in enhanced autophagy of HCC cells. These results may open new avenues targeting SPTBN1 for the prevention and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijie Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengyang Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengping Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyu Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Jin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Meng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Aiwu Ruth He
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiuling Zhi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Wang J, Xu Z, Wang Z, Du G, Lun L. TGF-beta signaling in cancer radiotherapy. Cytokine 2021; 148:155709. [PMID: 34597918 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) plays key roles in regulating cellular proliferation and maintaining tissue homeostasis. TGF-β exerts tumor-suppressive effects in the early stages of carcinogenesis, but it also plays tumor-promoting roles in established tumors. Additionally, it plays a critical role in cancer radiotherapy. TGF-β expression or activation increases in irradiated tissues, and studies have shown that TGF-β plays dual roles in cancer radiosensitivity and is involved in ionizing radiation-induced fibrosis in different tumor microenvironments (TMEs). Furthermore, TGF-β promotes radioresistance by inducing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), suppresses the immune system and facilitates cancer resistance. In particular, the links between TGF-β and the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) axis play a critical role in cancer therapeutic resistance. Growing evidence has shown that TGF-β acts as a radiation protection agent, leading to heightened interest in using TGF-β as a therapeutic target. The future of anti-TGF-β signaling therapy for numerous diseases appears bright, and the outlook for the use of TGF-β inhibitors in cancer radiotherapy as TME-targeting agents is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China
| | - Zhonghang Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China
| | - Guoqiang Du
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Qingdao Municipal Hospital (Group), Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Limin Lun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China.
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17
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Rosenfeld JA, Xiao R, Bekheirnia MR, Kanani F, Parker MJ, Koenig MK, van Haeringen A, Ruivenkamp C, Rosmaninho-Salgado J, Almeida PM, Sá J, Basto JP, Palen E, Oetjens KF, Burrage LC, Xia F, Liu P, Eng CM, Yang Y, Posey JE, Lee BH. Heterozygous variants in SPTBN1 cause intellectual disability and autism. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:2037-2045. [PMID: 33847457 PMCID: PMC11182376 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Spectrins are common components of cytoskeletons, binding to cytoskeletal elements and the plasma membrane, allowing proper localization of essential membrane proteins, signal transduction, and cellular scaffolding. Spectrins are assembled from α and β subunits, encoded by SPTA1 and SPTAN1 (α) and SPTB, SPTBN1, SPTBN2, SPTBN4, and SPTBN5 (β). Pathogenic variants in various spectrin genes are associated with erythroid cell disorders (SPTA1, SPTB) and neurologic disorders (SPTAN1, SPTBN2, and SPTBN4), but no phenotypes have been definitively associated with variants in SPTBN1 or SPTBN5. Through exome sequencing and case matching, we identified seven unrelated individuals with heterozygous SPTBN1 variants: two with de novo missense variants and five with predicted loss-of-function variants (found to be de novo in two, while one was inherited from a mother with a history of learning disabilities). Common features include global developmental delays, intellectual disability, and behavioral disturbances. Autistic features (4/6) and epilepsy (2/7) or abnormal electroencephalogram without overt seizures (1/7) were present in a subset. Identification of loss-of-function variants suggests a haploinsufficiency mechanism, but additional functional studies are required to fully elucidate disease pathogenesis. Our findings support the essential roles of SPTBN1 in human neurodevelopment and expand the knowledge of human spectrinopathy disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A. Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Mir Reza Bekheirnia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Renal Section, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Farah Kanani
- Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Michael J. Parker
- The Wellcome Centre for Ethics and Humanities/Ethox Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mary K. Koenig
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Arie van Haeringen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Claudia Ruivenkamp
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Joana Rosmaninho-Salgado
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Almeida
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Sá
- Medical Genetics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Pinto Basto
- Molecular Diagnostics and Clinical Genomics, CGC Genetics, Porto, Portugal
| | - Emily Palen
- Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, 17822, USA
| | - Kathryn F. Oetjens
- Autism & Developmental Medicine Institute, Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, 17822, USA
| | - Lindsay C. Burrage
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Christine M. Eng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | | | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Posey
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
| | - Brendan H. Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA
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18
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Yang P, Yang Y, Sun P, Tian Y, Gao F, Wang C, Zong T, Li M, Zhang Y, Yu T, Jiang Z. βII spectrin (SPTBN1): biological function and clinical potential in cancer and other diseases. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:32-49. [PMID: 33390831 PMCID: PMC7757025 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.52375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
βII spectrin, the most common isoform of non-erythrocyte spectrin, is a cytoskeleton protein present in all nucleated cells. Interestingly, βII spectrin is essential for the development of various organs such as nerve, epithelium, inner ear, liver and heart. The functions of βII spectrin include not only establishing and maintaining the cell structure but also regulating a variety of cellular functions, such as cell apoptosis, cell adhesion, cell spreading and cell cycle regulation. Notably, βII spectrin dysfunction is associated with embryonic lethality and the DNA damage response. More recently, the detection of altered βII spectrin expression in tumors indicated that βII spectrin might be involved in the development and progression of cancer. Its mutations and disorders could result in developmental disabilities and various diseases. The versatile roles of βII spectrin in disease have been examined in an increasing number of studies; nonetheless, the exact mechanisms of βII spectrin are still poorly understood. Thus, we summarize the structural features and biological roles of βII spectrin and discuss its molecular mechanisms and functions in development, homeostasis, regeneration and differentiation. This review highlight the potential effects of βII spectrin dysfunction in cancer and other diseases, outstanding questions for the future investigation of therapeutic targets. The investigation of the regulatory mechanism of βII spectrin signal inactivation and recovery may bring hope for future therapy of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panyu Yang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine School, Qingdao University, No. 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Pin Sun
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yu Tian
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabiliation, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabiliation, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tingyu Zong
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China.,Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhirong Jiang
- Department of Cardiac Ultrasound, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
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19
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Chen J, A. Gingold J. Dysregulated PJA1-TGF-β signaling in cancer stem cell-associated liver cancers. Oncoscience 2020; 7:88-95. [PMID: 33457451 PMCID: PMC7781490 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway plays important roles in cell differentiation, stem cell modulation, organ lineage, and immune suppression. TGF-β signaling is negatively regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Although mouse models of cancer arising from a defective TGF-β pathway clearly demonstrate the tumor-suppressive role of TGF-β, the underlying mechanism by which a defective TGF-β pathway triggers liver cancer development is poorly understood. This review summarizes key findings from our recent studies connecting TGF-β to hepatic oncogenesis and highlights the vulnerability of TGF-β signaling to PJA1-mediated ubiquitination. TGF-β, together with the chromatin insulator CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), epigenetically and transcriptionally regulate tumor promoter genes, including IGF2 and TERT, in TGF-β-defective mice and in human liver cancers. Dysfunction of the TGF-β-regulated SPTBN1/SMAD3/CTCF complex increases stem cell-like properties in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and enhances tumorigenesis in tumor-initiating cells in a mouse model. PJA1, a novel E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a key negative regulator of TGF-β signaling. PJA1 overexpression is detected in HCCs and is sufficient to suppress SMAD3- and SPTBN1-mediated TGF-β tumor suppressor signaling, promoting HCC proliferation. Dysregulated PJA1-TGF-β signaling activates oncogenic genes and promotes tumorigenesis in human liver cancers. In addition, inhibition of PJA1 by treatment with E3 ligase inhibitors restores TGF-β tumor-suppressor function and suppresses liver cancer progression. These new findings suggest potential therapeutic avenues for targeting dysregulated PJA1-TGF-β signaling via cancer stem cells in liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Sandhill Therapeutics, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Julian A. Gingold
- Montefiore Medical Center, OB/GYN and Women’s Health, Bronx, NY, USA
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20
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Chen J, Mitra A, Li S, Song S, Nguyen BN, Chen JS, Shin JH, Gough NR, Lin P, Obias V, He AR, Yao Z, Malta TM, Noushmehr H, Latham PS, Su X, Rashid A, Mishra B, Wu RC, Mishra L. Targeting the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase PJA1 Enhances Tumor-Suppressing TGFβ Signaling. Cancer Res 2020; 80:1819-1832. [PMID: 32127355 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
RING-finger E3 ligases are instrumental in the regulation of inflammatory cascades, apoptosis, and cancer. However, their roles are relatively unknown in TGFβ/SMAD signaling. SMAD3 and its adaptors, such as β2SP, are important mediators of TGFβ signaling and regulate gene expression to suppress stem cell-like phenotypes in diverse cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, PJA1, an E3 ligase, promoted ubiquitination and degradation of phosphorylated SMAD3 and impaired a SMAD3/β2SP-dependent tumor-suppressing pathway in multiple HCC cell lines. In mice deficient for SMAD3 (Smad3 +/-), PJA1 overexpression promoted the transformation of liver stem cells. Analysis of genes regulated by PJA1 knockdown and TGFβ1 signaling revealed 1,584 co-upregulated genes and 1,280 co-downregulated genes, including many implicated in cancer. The E3 ligase inhibitor RTA405 enhanced SMAD3-regulated gene expression and reduced growth of HCC cells in culture and xenografts of HCC tumors, suggesting that inhibition of PJA1 may be beneficial in treating HCC or preventing HCC development in at-risk patients.Significance: These findings provide a novel mechanism regulating the tumor suppressor function of TGFβ in liver carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Abhisek Mitra
- Pfizer Inc. Integrative Biotechnology Group, Pearl River, New York
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Shumei Song
- Department of GI Medical Oncology-Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bao-Ngoc Nguyen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, D.C
| | - Jiun-Sheng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ji-Hyun Shin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nancy R Gough
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, D.C.,BioSerendipity, LLC, Elkridge, Maryland
| | - Paul Lin
- Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, D.C
| | - Vincent Obias
- Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, D.C
| | - Aiwu Ruth He
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Georgetown University, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center Washington, D.C
| | - Zhixing Yao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Howard University, Washington, D.C
| | - Tathiane M Malta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Houtan Noushmehr
- Department of Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Patricia S Latham
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University, Washington, D.C
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Asif Rashid
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, D.C
| | - Ray-Chang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, George Washington University, Washington, D.C
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. .,Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Section, VA Medical Center, Washington, D.C
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21
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Dong KS, Chen Y, Yang G, Liao ZB, Zhang HW, Liang HF, Chen XP, Dong HH. TGF-β1 accelerates the hepatitis B virus X-induced malignant transformation of hepatic progenitor cells by upregulating miR-199a-3p. Oncogene 2019; 39:1807-1820. [PMID: 31740785 PMCID: PMC7033045 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1107-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has suggested that liver cancer arises partially from transformed hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs). However, the detailed mechanisms underlying HPC transformation are poorly understood. In this study, we provide evidence linking the coexistence of hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) with miR-199a-3p in the malignant transformation of HPCs. The examination of liver cancer specimens demonstrated that HBx and TGF-β1 expression was positively correlated with epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and cluster of differentiation 90 (CD90). Importantly, EpCAM and CD90 expression was much higher in the specimens expressing both high HBx and high TGF-β1 than in those with high HBx or high TGF-β1 and the double-low-expression group. HBx and TGF-β1 double-high expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis in primary liver cancer. We also found that HBx and TGF-β1 induced the transformation of HPCs into hepatic cancer stem cells and promoted epithelial–mesenchymal transformation, which was further enhanced by concomitant HBx and TGF-β1 exposure. Moreover, activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/c-Jun pathway was involved in the malignant transformation of HPCs. miR-199a-3p was identified as a significantly upregulated microRNA in HPCs upon HBx and TGF-β1 exposure, which were shown to promote miR-199a-3p expression via c-Jun-mediated activation. Finally, we found that miR-199a-3p was responsible for the malignant transformation of HPCs. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that TGF-β1 cooperates with HBx to promote the malignant transformation of HPCs through a JNK/c-Jun/miR-199a-3p-dependent pathway. This may open new avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting the malignant transformation of HPCs in treating liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Shuai Dong
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Department of Hepatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Laparoscopic Surgery, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive System Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Department of Hepatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Department of Hepatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Department of Hepatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Department of Hepatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Department of Hepatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Han-Hua Dong
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Department of Hepatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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22
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Chen J, Gingold JA, Su X. Immunomodulatory TGF-β Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:1010-1023. [PMID: 31353124 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an inflammation-induced and chemotherapy-resistant cancer. Dysregulated signaling in the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) pathway plays a central role in inflammation, fibrogenesis, and immunomodulation in the HCC microenvironment. This review dissects the genetic landscape of the TGF-β superfamily genes in HCC and discusses the essential effects of this pathway on the tumor immune microenvironment. We highlight the TGF-β signature as a potential biomarker for identifying individualized immunotherapeutic approaches in HCC. An improved understanding of the detailed mechanisms of liver cancer immunogenicity and the specific role of TGF-β in mediating immunotherapy resistance in HCC will provide important insights into HCC immune escape and promote the development of biomarker-derived combination immunotherapies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Julian A Gingold
- Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Departments of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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23
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Chen S, Li J, Zhou P, Zhi X. SPTBN1 and cancer, which links? J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:17-25. [PMID: 31206681 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SPTBN1 is a dynamic intracellular nonpleckstrin homology-domain protein, functioning as a transforming growth factor-β signal transducing adapter protein which is necessary to form Smad3/Smad4 complex. Recently SPTBN1 is considered to be associated with many kinds of cancers. SPTBN1 expression and function differ between different tumor states or types. This review summarizes the recent advances in the expression patterns of SPTBN1 in cancers, and in understanding the mechanisms by which SPTBN1 affects the occurrence, progression, and metastasis of cancer. Identifying SPTBN1 expression and function in cancers will contribute to the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer and the investigation of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuling Zhi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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24
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Zhang J, Han C, Ungerleider N, Chen W, Song K, Wang Y, Kwon H, Ma W, Wu T. A Transforming Growth Factor-β and H19 Signaling Axis in Tumor-Initiating Hepatocytes That Regulates Hepatic Carcinogenesis. Hepatology 2019; 69:1549-1563. [PMID: 30014520 PMCID: PMC6335184 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Functions of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the liver vary depending on specific cell types and their temporal response to TGF-β during different stages of hepatocarcinogenesis (HCG). Through analysis of tumor tissues from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, we were able to cluster hepatic epithelial cell-derived TGF-β gene signatures in association with distinct clinical prognoses. To delineate the role of hepatic epithelial TGF-β signaling in HCC development, we used an experimental system in which tumor-initiating hepatocytes (TICs) were isolated from TGF-β receptor II floxed mice (Tgfbr2fl/fl ) and transplanted into syngeneic C57BL/6J mice by splenic injection. Recipient mice were then administered Cre-expressing adenovirus (Ad-Cre) to inactivate Tgfbr2 in transplanted TICs. After latency, Tgfbr2-inactivated TICs formed larger and more tumor nodules in recipient livers compared to TICs without Tgfbr2 inactivation. In vitro analyses revealed that treatment of cultured TICs with TGF-β inhibited expression of progenitor cell factors (including SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 [Sox2]). RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis identified H19 as one of the most up-regulated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in association with Tgfbr2 inactivation in TICs. Tgfbr2 inactivation by Ad-Cre led to a 5-fold increase of H19 expression in TICs. Accordingly, TGF-β treatment reduced H19 expression. We observed that forced overexpression of Sox2 in TICs increased transcription of H19, whereas knockdown of Sox2 decreased it. Furthermore, depletion of H19 reduced the progenitor property of TICs in vitro and decreased their tumorigenic potential in vivo. Finally, we observed a low level of H19 mRNA expression in human HCC tissues from patients with the epithelial TGF-β gene signature in association with favorable prognosis. Conclusion: Our findings describe a TGF-β and H19 signaling axis by Sox2 in TICs that importantly regulates HCG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiang Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Chang Han
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Nathan Ungerleider
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Weina Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Kyoungsub Song
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Hyunjoo Kwon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Wenbo Ma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
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25
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Rao S, Mishra L. Targeting Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling in Liver Cancer. Hepatology 2019; 69:1375-1378. [PMID: 30549280 PMCID: PMC6854682 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Rao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC,
20052
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC,
20052,Department of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC,
USA
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26
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Chen F, Yuan H, Wu W, Chen S, Yang Q, Wang J, Zhang Q, Gui B, Fan X, Chen R, Shen Y. Three additional de novo CTCF mutations in Chinese patients help to define an emerging neurodevelopmental disorder. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 181:218-225. [PMID: 30893510 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.c.31698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) is an important regulator for global genomic organization and gene expression. CTCF gene had been implicated in a novel disorder characterized by intellectual disability, feeding difficulty, developmental delay and microcephaly. So far, four patients have been reported with de novo CTCF mutations. We reported three additional Chinese patients with de novo variants in CTCF. The new evidence helped to establish the clinical validity between CTCF and the emerging disorder. We described the consistent phenotypes shared by all patients and revealed additional clinical features such as delayed or abnormal teeth development and a unique pattern of the eyebrow that may help to define a potential recognizable neurodevelopmental disorder. We also reported the first CTCF patient treated with recombinant human growth hormone. Follow-up and more case studies will further our understanding to the clinical presentations of this novel disorder and the prognosis of patients with this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Haiming Yuan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Dongguan, China
| | - Wenyong Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shaoke Chen
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Baohen Gui
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Xin Fan
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Ruimin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, Fujian Medical University Teaching Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiping Shen
- Genetic and Metabolic Central Laboratory, Birth Defect Prevention Research Institute, Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Children's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China.,Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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27
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Korkut A, Zaidi S, Kanchi RS, Rao S, Gough NR, Schultz A, Li X, Lorenzi PL, Berger AC, Robertson G, Kwong LN, Datto M, Roszik J, Ling S, Ravikumar V, Manyam G, Rao A, Shelley S, Liu Y, Ju Z, Hansel D, de Velasco G, Pennathur A, Andersen JB, O'Rourke CJ, Ohshiro K, Jogunoori W, Nguyen BN, Li S, Osmanbeyoglu HU, Ajani JA, Mani SA, Houseman A, Wiznerowicz M, Chen J, Gu S, Ma W, Zhang J, Tong P, Cherniack AD, Deng C, Resar L, Weinstein JN, Mishra L, Akbani R. A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals High-Frequency Genetic Alterations in Mediators of Signaling by the TGF-β Superfamily. Cell Syst 2018; 7:422-437.e7. [PMID: 30268436 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We present an integromic analysis of gene alterations that modulate transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-Smad-mediated signaling in 9,125 tumor samples across 33 cancer types in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Focusing on genes that encode mediators and regulators of TGF-β signaling, we found at least one genomic alteration (mutation, homozygous deletion, or amplification) in 39% of samples, with highest frequencies in gastrointestinal cancers. We identified mutation hotspots in genes that encode TGF-β ligands (BMP5), receptors (TGFBR2, AVCR2A, and BMPR2), and Smads (SMAD2 and SMAD4). Alterations in the TGF-β superfamily correlated positively with expression of metastasis-associated genes and with decreased survival. Correlation analyses showed the contributions of mutation, amplification, deletion, DNA methylation, and miRNA expression to transcriptional activity of TGF-β signaling in each cancer type. This study provides a broad molecular perspective relevant for future functional and therapeutic studies of the diverse cancer pathways mediated by the TGF-β superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Korkut
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sobia Zaidi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Rupa S Kanchi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shuyun Rao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Nancy R Gough
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Andre Schultz
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xubin Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ashton C Berger
- Cancer Program, The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Gordon Robertson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Center, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4S6, Canada
| | - Lawrence N Kwong
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mike Datto
- Department of Pathology, Duke School of Medicine Durham, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jason Roszik
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology and Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shiyun Ling
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Visweswaran Ravikumar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ganiraju Manyam
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arvind Rao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Simon Shelley
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Yuexin Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhenlin Ju
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Donna Hansel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Guillermo de Velasco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Arjun Pennathur
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jesper B Andersen
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloes Vej 5, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Colm J O'Rourke
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloes Vej 5, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Kazufumi Ohshiro
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Wilma Jogunoori
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Institute of Clinical Research, Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Bao-Ngoc Nguyen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hatice U Osmanbeyoglu
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Computational & Systems Biology Program, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andres Houseman
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 9733, USA
| | - Maciej Wiznerowicz
- Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 61701, Poland; Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań 61866, Poland; International Institute for Molecular Oncology, Poznań 60203, Poland
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shoujun Gu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Wencai Ma
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiexin Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pan Tong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Cancer Program, The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chuxia Deng
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Linda Resar
- Departments of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - John N Weinstein
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Institute of Clinical Research, Washington, DC 20422, USA.
| | - Rehan Akbani
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Wen JX, Li XQ, Chang Y. Signature Gene Identification of Cancer Occurrence and Pattern Recognition. J Comput Biol 2018; 25:907-916. [PMID: 29957033 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2017.0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To identify signature genes for the pathogenesis of cancer, which provides a theoretical support for prevention and early diagnosis of cancer. The pattern recognition method was used to analyze the genome-wide gene expression data, which was collected from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. For the transcription of invasive breast carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, colon adenocarcinoma, renal clear-cell carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma of the seven cancers, the signature genes were selected by means of a combination of statistical methods, such as correlation, t-test, confidence interval, etc. Modeling by artificial neural network model, the accuracy can be as high as 98% for the TCGA data and as high as 92% for the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) independent data, the recognition accuracy of stage I is more than 95%, which is higher compared with the previous study. The common genes emerging in five cancers were obtained from the signature genes of seven cancers, PID1, and SPTBN2. At the same time, we obtain three common pathways of cancer by using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes' pathway analysis. A functional analysis of the pathways shows their close relationship at the level of gene regulation, which indicted that the identified signature genes play an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer and is very important for understanding the pathogenesis of cancer and the early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Xin Wen
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qin Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing, P.R. China
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29
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Gingold JA, Zhu D, Lee DF, Kaseb A, Chen J. Genomic Profiling and Metabolic Homeostasis in Primary Liver Cancers. Trends Mol Med 2018. [PMID: 29530485 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), the two most common primary liver cancers, represent the second most common cancer-related cause of death worldwide, with most cases being diagnosed at an advanced stage. Recent genome-wide studies have helped to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis and genetic heterogeneity of liver cancers. This review of the genetic landscape of HCC and iCCA discusses the most recent findings from genomic profiling and the current understanding of the pathways involved in the initiation and progression of liver cancer. We highlight recent insights gained from metabolic profiling of HCC and iCCA. This knowledge will be key to developing clinically useful diagnostic/prognostic profiles, building targeted molecular and immunologic therapies, and ultimately curing these complex and heterogeneous diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian A Gingold
- Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Dandan Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dung-Fang Lee
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ahmed Kaseb
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy and cancer relapse are major clinical challenges attributed to a sub population of cancer stem cells (CSCs). The concept of CSCs has been the subject of intense research by the oncology community since evidence for their existence was first published over twenty years ago. Emerging data indicates that they are also able to evade novel therapies such as targeted agents, immunotherapies and anti-angiogenics. The inability to appropriately identify and isolate CSCs is a major hindrance to the field and novel technologies are now being utilized. Agents that target CSC-associated cell surface receptors and signaling pathways have generated promising pre-clinical results and are now entering clinical trial. Here we discuss and evaluate current therapeutic strategies to target CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Annett
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Ireland
| | - Tracy Robson
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Ireland.
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Role of TGF-β in Alcohol-Induced Liver Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1032:93-104. [PMID: 30362093 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-98788-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Over 90% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs against a background of chronic liver disease or cirrhosis induced from viral hepatitis to alcohol injury. One third of patients with cirrhosis will develop HCC during their lifetime, with a 3-5% annual incidence. However, little is known about the key mechanisms by which toxins mediate DNA damage in the liver. Recent studies support a central role for TGF-β signaling in conferring genomic stability yet the precise mechanism of action and the specific stages of tumor suppression remain unclear (Bornstein S, White R, Malkoski S, Oka M, Han G, Cleaver T, Reh D, Andersen P, Gross N, Olson S, Deng C, Lu SL, Wang XJ. J Clin Invest 119:3408-3419 (2009); Korc M. J Clin Invest 119:3208-3211 (2009); Glick A, Popescu N, Alexander V, Ueno H, Bottinger E, Yuspa SH. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:14949-14954 (1999)). Furthermore, it has recently been shown that β2SP+/- and β2SP+/-/Smad3+/- mice phenocopy a hereditary human cancer syndrome, the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), which has an 800 fold risk of cancers including HCC, hepatoblastoma, and a range of liver disorders. Identifying key biological pathways and mechanisms for suppressing alcohol-induced stem cell injury and HCC will be critical for enhancing patient care and the employment of new therapeutic approaches.
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32
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Chen J, Zaidi S, Rao S, Chen JS, Phan L, Farci P, Su X, Shetty K, White J, Zamboni F, Wu X, Rashid A, Pattabiraman N, Mazumder R, Horvath A, Wu RC, Li S, Xiao C, Deng CX, Wheeler DA, Mishra B, Akbani R, Mishra L. Analysis of Genomes and Transcriptomes of Hepatocellular Carcinomas Identifies Mutations and Gene Expression Changes in the Transforming Growth Factor-β Pathway. Gastroenterology 2018; 154:195-210. [PMID: 28918914 PMCID: PMC6192529 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with alterations in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway, which regulates liver inflammation and can have tumor suppressor or promoter activities. Little is known about the roles of specific members of this pathway at specific of HCC development. We took an integrated approach to identify and validate the effects of changes in this pathway in HCC and identify therapeutic targets. METHODS We performed transcriptome analyses for a total of 488 HCCs that include data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We also screened 301 HCCs reported in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer and 202 from Cancer Genome Atlas for mutations in genome sequences. We expressed mutant forms of spectrin beta, non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1) in HepG2, SNU398, and SNU475 cells and measured phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activity of SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3). RESULTS We found somatic mutations in at least 1 gene whose product is a member of TGF-β signaling pathway in 38% of HCC samples. SPTBN1 was mutated in the largest proportion of samples (12 of 202, 6%). Unsupervised clustering of transcriptome data identified a group of HCCs with activation of the TGF-β signaling pathway (increased transcription of genes in the pathway) and a group of HCCs with inactivation of TGF-β signaling (reduced expression of genes in this pathway). Patients with tumors with inactivation of TGF-β signaling had shorter survival times than patients with tumors with activation of TGF-β signaling (P = .0129). Patterns of TGF-β signaling correlated with activation of the DNA damage response and sirtuin signaling pathways. HepG2, SNU398, and SNU475 cells that expressed the D1089Y mutant or with knockdown of SPTBN1 had increased sensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents and reduced survival compared with cells that expressed normal SPTBN1 (controls). CONCLUSIONS In genome and transcriptome analyses of HCC samples, we found mutations in genes in the TGF-β signaling pathway in almost 40% of samples. These correlated with changes in expression of genes in the pathways; up-regulation of genes in this pathway would contribute to inflammation and fibrosis, whereas down-regulation would indicate loss of TGF-β tumor suppressor activity. Our findings indicate that therapeutic agents for HCCs can be effective, based on genetic features of the TGF-β pathway; agents that block TGF-β should be used only in patients with specific types of HCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sobia Zaidi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Shuyun Rao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Jiun-Sheng Chen
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Liem Phan
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patrizia Farci
- Hepatic Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Departments of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kirti Shetty
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jon White
- Institute of Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Fausto Zamboni
- Department of General Surgery, Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Brotzu Hospital, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Asif Rashid
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Nagarajan Pattabiraman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Raja Mazumder
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Anelia Horvath
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, McCormick Genomic and Proteomic Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Ray-Chang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Cuiying Xiao
- Genetics of Development and Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - David A Wheeler
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Institute of Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Rehan Akbani
- Departments of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC; Institute of Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC.
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Gu S, Nguyen BN, Rao S, Li S, Shetty K, Rashid A, Shukla V, Deng CX, Mishra L, Mishra B. Alcohol, stem cells and cancer. Genes Cancer 2017; 8:695-700. [PMID: 29234487 PMCID: PMC5724803 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dosage, gender, and genetic susceptibility to the effects of alcohol remained only partially elucidated. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the role of alcohol in liver and gastrointestinal cancers. In addition, two recent pathways- DNA repair and TGF-β signaling which provide new insights into alcohol in the regulation of cancers and stem cells are also discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujun Gu
- Department of Surgery, Center for Translational Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bao-Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, Center for Translational Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shuyun Rao
- Department of Surgery, Center for Translational Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Shulin Li
- Departments of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kirti Shetty
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Asif Rashid
- Departments of Gastroenterology and Liver Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Vivek Shukla
- Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- Department of Surgery, Center for Translational Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Department of Surgery, Center for Translational Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.,Surgical Service, Veterans Affairs Medicale Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- Department of Surgery, Center for Translational Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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34
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Yu S, Chen Y, Lai K, Dewan RK, He Y. A Novel Variant with Positive Natural Selection Influenced Hb A 2 Levels in Chinese Individuals with β-Thalassemia. Hemoglobin 2017; 41:193-197. [PMID: 28747083 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2017.1358177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
β-Thalassemia (β-thal) is the most common inherited hemolytic anemia worldwide. Elevated Hb A2 is a mark of β-thal carriers. The aim of this study was to identify the pathogenic variants associated with the Hb A2 levels. One thousand and thirty β-thal carriers were recruited for this study. Using positive natural expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis, a significant variant was selected. Genotyping for the rs231841 polymorphism was performed by the Sequenom MassARRAY IPLEX platform. All genetic association analyses were performed with the PLINK program. The linear regression analysis showed that rs231841 in the intron region of the potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1 (KCNQ1) gene on chromosome 11p15 was significantly associated with Hb A2 levels. The presence of the C allele was associated with elevated Hb A2 levels. Our results suggest that rs231841 on the KCNQ1 gene with positive natural selection is related to Hb A2 levels in Chinese β-thal carriers, and KCNQ1 is probably associated with the expression of the β-like globin gene cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanjuan Yu
- a Department of Pediatrics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , Guangxi Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- b School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , Guangxi Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Ketong Lai
- c Guangxi Key Laboratory of Thalassemia Research , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , Guangxi Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Roma Kajal Dewan
- a Department of Pediatrics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , Guangxi Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Yunyan He
- a Department of Pediatrics , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , Guangxi Province , People's Republic of China
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35
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Rao S, Zaidi S, Banerjee J, Jogunoori W, Sebastian R, Mishra B, Nguyen BN, Wu RC, White J, Deng C, Amdur R, Li S, Mishra L. Transforming growth factor-β in liver cancer stem cells and regeneration. Hepatol Commun 2017; 1:477-493. [PMID: 29404474 PMCID: PMC5678904 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells have established mechanisms that contribute to tumor heterogeneity as well as resistance to therapy. Over 40% of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) are considered to be clonal and arise from a stem-like/cancer stem cell. Moreover, HCC is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and an improved understanding of cancer stem cells and targeting these in this cancer are urgently needed. Multiple studies have revealed etiological patterns and multiple genes/pathways signifying initiation and progression of HCC; however, unlike the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway, loss of p53 and/or activation of β-catenin do not spontaneously drive HCC in animal models. Despite many advances in cancer genetics that include identifying the dominant role of TGF-β signaling in gastrointestinal cancers, we have not reached an integrated view of genetic mutations, copy number changes, driver pathways, and animal models that support effective targeted therapies for these common and lethal cancers. Moreover, pathways involved in stem cell transformation into gastrointestinal cancers remain largely undefined. Identifying the key mechanisms and developing models that reflect the human disease can lead to effective new treatment strategies. In this review, we dissect the evidence obtained from mouse and human liver regeneration, and mouse genetics, to provide insight into the role of TGF-β in regulating the cancer stem cell niche. (Hepatology Communications 2017;1:477-493).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Rao
- Center for Translational Medicine Department of Surgery, George Washington University Washington DC
| | - Sobia Zaidi
- Center for Translational Medicine Department of Surgery, George Washington University Washington DC
| | - Jaideep Banerjee
- Center for Translational Medicine Department of Surgery, George Washington University Washington DC
| | - Wilma Jogunoori
- Center for Translational Medicine Department of Surgery, George Washington University Washington DC
| | - Raul Sebastian
- Center for Translational Medicine Department of Surgery, George Washington University Washington DC
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine Department of Surgery, George Washington University Washington DC.,Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center Washington DC
| | - Bao-Ngoc Nguyen
- Center for Translational Medicine Department of Surgery, George Washington University Washington DC
| | - Ray-Chang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine George Washington University Washington DC
| | - Jon White
- Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center Washington DC
| | - Chuxia Deng
- Center for Translational Medicine Department of Surgery, George Washington University Washington DC.,Health Sciences University of Macau Taipa Macau China
| | - Richard Amdur
- Center for Translational Medicine Department of Surgery, George Washington University Washington DC
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Pediatrics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine Department of Surgery, George Washington University Washington DC.,Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center Washington DC
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Shin J, Mishra V, Glasgow E, Zaidi S, Ohshiro K, Chitti B, Kapadia AA, Rana N, Mishra L, Deng CX, Rao S, Mishra B. PRAJA is overexpressed in glioblastoma and contributes to neural precursor development. Genes Cancer 2017; 8:640-649. [PMID: 28966725 PMCID: PMC5620009 DOI: 10.18632/genesandcancer.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PRAJA, a RING-H2 E3 ligase, is abundantly expressed in brain tissues such as the cerebellum and frontal cortex, amongst others, and more specifically in neural progenitor cells as well as in multiple cancers that include glioblastomas. However, the specific role that Praja plays in neural development and gliomas remains unclear. In this investigation, we performed bioinformatic analyses to examine Praja1 and Praja2 expression across 29 cancer types, and observed raised levels of Praja1 and Praja2 in gliomas with an inverse relationship between Praja1 and apoptotic genes and Praja substrates such as Smad3. We analyzed the role of Praja in the developing brain through loss of function studies, using morpholinos targeting Praja1 in embryonic zebrafish, and observed that Praja1 is expressed prominently in regions enriched with neural precursor cell subtypes. Antisense Praja morpholinos resulted in multiple embryonic defects including delayed neural development likely through increased apoptosis. Further studies revealed high levels of Cdk1 with loss of Praja1 in TGF-β or insulin treated cells, supporting the link between Praja1 and cell cycle regulation. In summary, these studies underscore Praja's role in mammalian brain development and Praja1 deregulation may lead to gliomas possibly through the regulation of cell cycle and/or apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Shin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Viveka Mishra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eric Glasgow
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Sobia Zaidi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kazufumi Ohshiro
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bhargava Chitti
- Department of Medicine, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Amee A. Kapadia
- John Hopkins University, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Lopa Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Shuyun Rao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
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Chen J, Shukla V, Farci P, Andricovich J, Jogunoori W, Kwong LN, Katz LH, Shetty K, Rashid A, Su X, White J, Li L, Wang AY, Blechacz B, Raju GS, Davila M, Nguyen BN, Stroehlein JR, Chen J, Kim SS, Levin H, Machida K, Tsukamoto H, Michaely P, Tzatsos A, Mishra B, Amdur R, Mishra L. Loss of the transforming growth factor-β effector β2-Spectrin promotes genomic instability. Hepatology 2017; 65:678-693. [PMID: 28114741 PMCID: PMC5432427 DOI: 10.1002/hep.28927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Exposure to genotoxins such as ethanol-derived acetaldehyde leads to DNA damage and liver injury and promotes the development of cancer. We report here a major role for the transforming growth factor β/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 adaptor β2-Spectrin (β2SP, gene Sptbn1) in maintaining genomic stability following alcohol-induced DNA damage. β2SP supports DNA repair through β2SP-dependent activation of Fanconi anemia complementation group D2 (Fancd2), a core component of the Fanconi anemia complex. Loss of β2SP leads to decreased Fancd2 levels and sensitizes β2SP mutants to DNA damage by ethanol treatment, leading to phenotypes that closely resemble those observed in animals lacking both aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 and Fancd2 and resemble human fetal alcohol syndrome. Sptbn1-deficient cells are hypersensitive to DNA crosslinking agents and have defective DNA double-strand break repair that is rescued by ectopic Fancd2 expression. Moreover, Fancd2 transcription in response to DNA damage/transforming growth factor β stimulation is regulated by the β2SP/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 complex. CONCLUSION Dysfunctional transforming growth factor β/β2SP signaling impacts the processing of genotoxic metabolites by altering the Fanconi anemia DNA repair pathway. (Hepatology 2017;65:678-693).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vivek Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Thoracic Oncology Section, Thoracic and Gastrointestinal Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Patrizia Farci
- Hepatic Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jaclyn Andricovich
- George Washington University, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Wilma Jogunoori
- Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20422, USA
| | - Lawrence N Kwong
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lior H. Katz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Sheba Medical Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Kirti Shetty
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Asif Rashid
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jon White
- Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20422, USA
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alan Yaoqi Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Boris Blechacz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gottumukkala S. Raju
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marta Davila
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bao-Ngoc Nguyen
- Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - John R. Stroehlein
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sang Soo Kim
- National Cancer Center, Radiation Medicine Branch, Goyang, 410-769, Korea
| | - Heather Levin
- Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Keigo Machida
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Hidekazu Tsukamoto
- Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA,Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA,Department of Veterans Affairs, Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Peter Michaely
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Alexandros Tzatsos
- George Washington University, Department of Anatomy and Regenerative Biology, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Bibhuti Mishra
- Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20422, USA,Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA,Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington DC 20037, USA
| | - Richard Amdur
- Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA,Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington DC 20037, USA
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20422, USA,Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA,Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington DC 20037, USA,Contact Information for Correspondence: Lopa Mishra, M.D., Director, Center for Translational Medicine, Professor, Department of Surgery, MFA, VA & George Washington University, 2300 Eye Street NW, Ross Hall #554, Washington, DC 20037, Tel: 240-401-2916, Fax: 202-462-2006, ,
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Transcription Regulation of the Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) Gene. Genes (Basel) 2016; 7:genes7080050. [PMID: 27548225 PMCID: PMC4999838 DOI: 10.3390/genes7080050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells have the ability to maintain their telomere length via expression of an enzymatic complex called telomerase. Similarly, more than 85%–90% of cancer cells are found to upregulate the expression of telomerase, conferring them with the potential to proliferate indefinitely. Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT), the catalytic subunit of telomerase holoenzyme, is the rate-limiting factor in reconstituting telomerase activity in vivo. To date, the expression and function of the human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) gene are known to be regulated at various molecular levels (including genetic, mRNA, protein and subcellular localization) by a number of diverse factors. Among these means of regulation, transcription modulation is the most important, as evident in its tight regulation in cancer cell survival as well as pluripotent stem cell maintenance and differentiation. Here, we discuss how hTERT gene transcription is regulated, mainly focusing on the contribution of trans-acting factors such as transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers, as well as genetic alterations in hTERT proximal promoter.
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Katz LH, Likhter M, Jogunoori W, Belkin M, Ohshiro K, Mishra L. TGF-β signaling in liver and gastrointestinal cancers. Cancer Lett 2016; 379:166-72. [PMID: 27039259 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) plays crucial and complex roles in liver and gastrointestinal cancers. These include a multitude of distinct functions, such as maintaining stem cell homeostasis, promoting fibrosis, immune modulating, as a tumor suppressor and paradoxically, as a tumor progressor. However, key mechanisms for the switches responsible for these distinct actions are poorly understood, and remain a challenge. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) analyses and genetically engineered mouse models now provide an integrated approach to dissect these multifaceted and context-dependent driving roles of the TGF-β pathway. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms of TGF-β signaling, focusing on colorectal, gastric, pancreatic, and liver cancers. Novel drugs targeting the TGF-β pathway have been developed over the last decade, and some have been proven effective in clinical trials. A better understanding of the TGF-β pathway may improve our ability to target it, thus providing more tools to the armamentarium against these deadly cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Katz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - M Likhter
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sheba Medical Center, Israel
| | - W Jogunoori
- Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M Belkin
- Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - K Ohshiro
- Institute for Clinical Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - L Mishra
- Department of Surgery and GWU Cancer Center, George Washington University and DVAMC, Washington, DC, USA.
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