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Shan Q, Ling H, Zhao H, Li M, Wang Z, Zhang G. Do Extreme Climate Events Cause the Degradation of Malus sieversii Forests in China? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:608211. [PMID: 34220874 PMCID: PMC8244594 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.608211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Frequent extreme climate events have attracted considerable attention around the world. Malus sieversii in Xinjiang is the ancestor of cultivated apple, and it is mainly distributed in the Ili river valley at end of the Tianshan Mountains. Wild fruit forests have been degraded, but the cause remains unclear. In order to identify whether extreme climate events caused this degradation reanalysis data and atmospheric circulation indices were used to determine the trends and the reasons for extreme climate changes. Subsequently, we further investigated the effect of extreme climate events on wild fruit forest using characteristics of extreme climate indices and tree-ring chronology. We found increasing trends in both extreme precipitation and warm indices, and decreasing trends in cool indices. Extreme climate events were mainly associated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Analysis of data of wind and geopotential height field at 500 hPa showed that strengthening wind, increasing geopotential height, cyclone and anti-cyclone circulation drivers contributed to extreme climate events. In the non-degraded region, there were significant positive correlations between tree-ring chronology and both extreme precipitation and extreme warm indices (except for warm spell duration indicator). The other extreme indices (except for heavy rain days) had a large correlation range with tree-rings in a 4-8-year period. These results indicated that extreme precipitation and extreme warm indices intensified M. sieversii growth of the non-degraded region on multi-time scales. In contrast, the degraded region showed insignificant negative relationship between tree-ring chronology and both extreme precipitation and extreme warm indices [except for warm spell duration index (WSDI)], and significant negative correlations in a 4-8-year period were detected between tree-ring chronology and most of the extreme precipitation indices, including heavy rain days, very wet days, cold spell duration indicator, simple precipitation intensity index (SDII), and annual total precipitation. Under the long disturbance of inappropriate anthropic activities, extreme climate has caused the outbreak of pests and diseases resulting in the degeneration of wild fruit forest. Our study provides scientific guidance for the ecosystem conservation in wild fruit forest in China, and also across the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjuan Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Xinjiang Aksu Oasis Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Experiment Station, Urumqi, China
| | - Hangzheng Zhao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyi Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zikang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangpeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wavelet coherence analysis of muscle coupling during reaching movement in stroke. Comput Biol Med 2021; 131:104263. [PMID: 33636422 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Agonist-antagonist coordination is essential to ensure the accuracy and stability of voluntary movement, which can be presented by time-varying coupling between agonist-antagonist electromyographic (EMG) signals. To discover the stroke-induced neurological change in paretic muscles, the wavelet coherence is firstly compared with coherence by simulated data and is utilized to represent the time-varying coupling of experimental data during elbow-tracking tasks. The simulation in this study demonstrates that the wavelet coherence is superior to coherence in the detection of short-time coupling between simulated signals. In addition, the experiment in this study is designed to explore the coupling between agonist-antagonist activations during the dynamic process. In the experiment, 10 post-stroke patients and 10 age-matched adults serving as controls were recruited and asked to perform elbow sinusoidal trajectory tracking tasks. Both the elbow angle and EMG signals of biceps and triceps were recorded simultaneously. Experimental results showed that wavelet coherence could represent the time-varying coupling between two EMG signals in the time-frequency domain, and its dynamic character was appropriate in the dynamic process to discover the functional coupling. According to the time and frequency analysis, the lower functional coupling in the post-stroke group and the obvious wavelet coherence difference between the two groups in the lower frequency range suggested a possible hypothesis mechanism that the weakening of coupling between agonist-antagonist muscles in the affected sides might in fact be stroke-induced damage in the direct corticospinal pathways.
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Marto JP, Zhang J, Schwab JJ. Plume analysis from field evaluations of a portable air quality monitoring system. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2021; 71:70-80. [PMID: 33044123 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2020.1834010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Near-road measurements in Rochester, NY with a Portable Air Quality Monitoring System indicate a significant plume control of PM2.5 black carbon (BC) concentrations. This study evaluates the performance of two portable air quality enclosures deployed at collocated research sites to determine their accuracy and usefulness in field deployments, and specifically in pollution plume analysis. One system deployed collocated sensors for measurement of particulate matter mass concentration (Thermo pDR 1500 against Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) measurement) and the second system deployed sensors for measurement of black carbon (Magee AE33 aethalometer and Brechtel Tricolor Absorption Photometer) in ambient and near-road locations in Rochester, New York, respectively. While the optical PM2.5 sensors tended to be biased in their determination of concentration by ~15%, they followed changes and trends in concentration very well. The black carbon sensors in the portable systems agreed very well with each other and with the collocated sensor. As a case study to determine the contribution from statistically significant short-lived excursions of pollutant concentration, Morlet wavelet analysis was performed on data from the portable system sensors. Black carbon was found to be strongly influenced by plume behavior with significant plume excursions representing just over 12% of all data points and contributing on average 1 µg/m3 of black carbon above ambient concentrations. Implications: This paper first evaluates two air pollutant monitoring enclosures with wide applicability including near-road detection of pollutants. Then, we present a novel method to designate isolate statistically significant excursions in air pollution concentration which can be used to determine the impact of pollutant plumes as observed in PM and black carbon behavior near road.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Marto
- Atmospheric Science Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany, NY, USA
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University , Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - James J Schwab
- Atmospheric Science Research Center, University at Albany, State University of New York , Albany, NY, USA
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Comas C, Conde J, Mateu J. A second-order test to detect spatio-temporal anisotropic effects in point patterns. STATISTICS-ABINGDON 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02331888.2018.1469633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Comas
- Department of Mathematics, Universitat de Lleida, Spain
| | - J. Conde
- Department of Mathematics, Universitat de Lleida, Spain
| | - J. Mateu
- Department of Mathematics, Universitat Jaume I, Spain
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2D Anisotropic Wavelet Entropy with an Application to Earthquakes in Chile. ENTROPY 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/e17064155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Comas C, Rodriguez-Cortes FJ, Mateu J. Second-order analysis of anisotropic spatiotemporal point process data. STAT NEERL 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/stan.12046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Comas
- Department of Mathematics; Agrotecnio Center, Universitat de Lleida, Campus de Cappont; E-25001 Lleida Spain
| | | | - J. Mateu
- Department of Mathematics; Universitat Jaume I, Campus Riu Sec; E-12071 Castellón Spain
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Kellnerová R, Kukačka L, Nosek Š, Uruba V, Jurčáková K, Jaňour Z. Wavelet analysis of the turbulent flow over the very rough surface. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/20146702051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Mateu J, Nicolis O. Multiresolution analysis of linearly oriented spatial point patterns. J STAT COMPUT SIM 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00949655.2013.838565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mirzaei A, Ayatollahi A, Vavadi H. Statistical analysis of Epileptic activities based on Histogram and Wavelet-Spectral entropy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.4236/jbise.2011.43029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Xie J, Liu T. Characterization of spatial scaling relationships between vegetation pattern and topography at different directions in Gurbantunggut desert, China. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2010.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kim CK, Kwak IS, Cha EY, Chon TS. Implementation of wavelets and artificial neural networks to detection of toxic response behavior of chironomids (Chironomidae: Diptera) for water quality monitoring. Ecol Modell 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Saunders SC, Chen J, Drummer TD, Gustafson EJ, Brosofske KD. Identifying scales of pattern in ecological data: a comparison of lacunarity, spectral and wavelet analyses. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2004.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Applications of Wavelet Transform and Artificial Neural Networks to Pattern Recognition for Environmental Monitoring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-36187-1_34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Murray KB, Gorse D, Thornton JM. Wavelet transforms for the characterization and detection of repeating motifs. J Mol Biol 2002; 316:341-63. [PMID: 11851343 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.2001.5332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The role of repeating motifs in protein structures is thought to be as modular building blocks which allow an economic way of constructing complex proteins. In this work novel wavelet transform analysis techniques are used to detect and characterize repeating motifs in protein sequence and structure data, where the Kyte-Doolittle hydrophobicity scale (Eta Phi) and relative accessible surface area (rASA) data provide residue information about the protein sequence and structure, respectively. We analyze a variety of repeating protein motifs, TIM barrels, propellor blades, coiled coils and leucine-rich repeat structures. Detection and characterization of these motifs is performed using techniques based on the continuous wavelet transform (CWT). Results indicate that the wavelet transform techniques developed herein are a promising approach for the detection and characterization of repeating motifs for both structural and in some instances sequence data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B Murray
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University College London, UK
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von Randow C. Scale variability of atmospheric surface layer fluxes of energy and carbon over a tropical rain forest in southwest Amazonia 1. Diurnal conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Scanlon TM, Albertson JD. Turbulent transport of carbon dioxide and water vapor within a vegetation canopy during unstable conditions: Identification of episodes using wavelet analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Krol MC, Molemaker MJ, de Arellano JVG. Effects of turbulence and heterogeneous emissions on photochemically active species in the convective boundary layer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Serroukh A, Walden AT, Percival DB. Statistical Properties and Uses of the Wavelet Variance Estimator for the Scale Analysis of Time Series. J Am Stat Assoc 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2000.10473913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chen J, Saunders SC, Crow TR, Naiman RJ, Brosofske KD, Mroz GD, Brookshire BL, Franklin JF. Microclimate in Forest Ecosystem and Landscape Ecology. Bioscience 1999. [DOI: 10.2307/1313612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 580] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Clemen T. The use of scale information for integrating simulation models into environmental information systems. Ecol Modell 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3800(98)00022-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Qiu J, Paw U KT, Shaw RH. The leakage problem of orthonormal wavelet transforms when applied to atmospheric turbulence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd02596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Intermittency in Atmospheric Surface Layer Turbulence: The Orthonormal Wavelet Representation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-052087-2.50009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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