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Miao G, Deen J, Struzeski JB, Chen M, Zhang Y, Cole SA, Fretts AM, Lee ET, Howard BV, Fiehn O, Zhao J. Plasma lipidomic profile of depressive symptoms: a longitudinal study in a large sample of community-dwelling American Indians in the strong heart study. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2480-2489. [PMID: 36653676 PMCID: PMC10753994 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-01948-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia has been associated with depression, but individual lipid species associated with depression remain largely unknown. The temporal relationship between lipid metabolism and the development of depression also remains to be determined. We studied 3721 fasting plasma samples from 1978 American Indians attending two exams (2001-2003, 2006-2009, mean ~5.5 years apart) in the Strong Heart Family Study. Plasma lipids were repeatedly measured by untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies for Depression (CES-D). Participants at risk for depression were defined as total CES-D score ≥16. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to examine the associations of lipid species with incident or prevalent depression, adjusting for covariates. The associations between changes in lipids and changes in depressive symptoms were additionally adjusted for baseline lipids. We found that lower levels of sphingomyelins and glycerophospholipids and higher level of lysophospholipids were significantly associated with incident and/or prevalent depression. Changes in sphingomyelins, glycerophospholipids, acylcarnitines, fatty acids and triacylglycerols were associated with changes in depressive symptoms and other psychosomatic traits. We also identified differential lipid networks associated with risk of depression. The observed alterations in lipid metabolism may affect depression through increasing the activities of acid sphingomyelinase and phospholipase A2, disturbing neurotransmitters and membrane signaling, enhancing inflammation, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation, and/or affecting energy storage in lipid droplets or membrane formation. These findings illuminate the mechanisms through which dyslipidemia may contribute to depression and provide initial evidence for targeting lipid metabolism in developing preventive and therapeutic interventions for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhong Miao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jason Deen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph B Struzeski
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mingjing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Shelley A Cole
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elisa T Lee
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California-Davis, California, CA, USA
| | - Jinying Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health & Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Bioinformatics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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Bivanco-Lima D, Santos IDS, Wang YP, Viana MC, Andrade LH, Lotufo PA, Benseñor IJM. Cardiovascular risk factors and major depressive disorder: a cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil. SAO PAULO MED J 2021; 139:364-371. [PMID: 34161521 PMCID: PMC9615582 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2020.0054.r1.1802021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular risk factors can mediate the association between depression and cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE To evaluate cardiovascular risk factors in adult individuals with and without histories of major depression in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. METHODS This study evaluated 423 individuals without any lifetime diagnosis of major depression and 203 individuals with a previous diagnosis of major depression (n = 626). The participants underwent a psychiatric evaluation using a structured clinical interview (SCID-1), an anthropometric evaluation and a clinical evaluation that included blood pressure measurement and assessment of fasting blood glucose, lipid profile and physical activity levels. RESULTS Individuals with histories of major depression were more likely to be female (P < 0.0001). Individuals with lifetime diagnoses of major depression were more likely to be current smokers (odds ratio, OR 1.61; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.01-2.59) and to have diabetes (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.01-3.21); and less likely to be obese (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.35-0.94). CONCLUSION Individuals with major depression had higher odds of presenting tobacco smoking and diabetes, and lower odds of being obese. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of this, so as to increase the rates of diagnosis and treatment in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Bivanco-Lima
- MD, PhD. Professor, Department of Public Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
| | - Itamar de Souza Santos
- MD, PhD. Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário (HU), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR, and Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Yuan-Pang Wang
- MD, PhD. Assistant Professor, Section of Psychiatric Epidemiology (LIM-23), Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas FMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.
| | - Maria Carmen Viana
- MD, PhD. Professor, Postgraduate Program on Collective Health, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória (ES), Brazil.
| | - Laura Helena Andrade
- MD, PhD. Assistant Professor, Section of Psychiatric Epidemiology (LIM-23), Institute of Psychiatry, Hospital das Clínicas FMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.
| | - Paulo Andrade Lotufo
- MD, DrPH. Coordinator, Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário (HU), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR, and Full Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR
| | - Isabela Judith Martins Benseñor
- MD, PhD. Deputy Coordinator, Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, Hospital Universitário (HU), Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR, and Full Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.
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Lemos M, Calderón JPR, Rios PC, Torres S, Agudelo DM. Depression Levels Following Discharge Predict Quality of Life in Heart Disease Patients. PSICOLOGIA: TEORIA E PESQUISA 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0102.3772e35443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Depression and stress have been related with poor Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) prognosis. However, it is not clear when these depressive symptoms should be measured. A sample of 177 Coronary Heart Disease patients were followed for 15 months aimed to compare the effect of depression and stress measure at time of hospitalization and three months later on the physical HRQoL trajectory. Linear growth models’ results showed that depression and stress after discharge are negatively correlated with the physical HRQoL and depressive symptoms negatively affect the prognosis of these patients.
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Indices of insulin resistance and glucotoxicity are not associated with bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder, but are differently associated with inflammatory, oxidative and nitrosative biomarkers. J Affect Disord 2017; 222:185-194. [PMID: 28710952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) is a key factor in diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity and may occur in mood disorders and tobacco use disorder (TUD), where disturbances of immune-inflammatory, oxidative and nitrosative stress (IO&NS) pathways are important shared pathophysiological pathways. METHODS This study aimed to a) examine IR and β-cell function as measured by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity and β cell function (HOMA-B) and glucotoxicity (conceptualized as increased glucose levels versus lowered HOMA-B values) in 74 participants with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder, with and or without MetS and TUD, versus 46 healthy controls, and b) whether IR is associated with IO&NS biomarkers, including nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), plasma advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp) and uric acid. RESULTS Mood disorders are not associated with changes in IR or glucotoxicity, although the number of mood episodes may increase IR. 47.8% of the variance in HOMA-IR is explained by AOPP and body mass index (BMI, both positively) and NOx, Hp and TUD (all inversely). 43.2% of the variance in HOMA-B is explained by NOx, Hp and age (all inversely associated) and higher BMI and sex. The glucotoxic index is strongly associated with NOx, Hp and BMI (positively), male gender and lower education. LIMITATIONS This is a cross-sectional study and therefore we cannot draw firm conclusions on causal associations. CONCLUSIONS Activated IO&NS pathways (especially increased Hp and NOx) increase glucotoxicity and exert very complex effects modulating IR. Mood disorders are not associated with increased IR.
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Beydoun MA, Beydoun HA, Dore GA, Fanelli-Kuczmarski MT, Evans MK, Zonderman AB. Total serum cholesterol, atherogenic indices and their longitudinal association with depressive symptoms among US adults. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e518. [PMID: 25734511 PMCID: PMC4354360 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2015.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum cholesterol, both total and lipoprotein fractions, has been associated with mid- and late-life depression. Using longitudinal data on a large and ethnically diverse sample of urban adults, the associations of serum lipid profile measured by high or low total cholesterol (TC; >200 mg dl(-1); <160 mg dl(-1)) and by atherogenic indices, namely high total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol relative to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, with change in total and domain-specific depressive symptoms over time were examined. Findings were compared by sex. (Hypothesis 1) In addition, baseline depressive symptoms as predictors for longitudinal change in lipid profile trajectory were tested. (Hypothesis 2) Mixed-effects regression analyses stratified by sex was used. Sample sizes of participants (n) and repeated observations (n') were: Hypothesis 1 (Men: n=826 ; n'=1319; Women: n=1099 ; n'=1817); Hypothesis 2 (Men: n=738; n'=1230; Women: n=964; n'=1678). As hypothesized, a higher level of atherogenic indices was linked to faster increase in depressive symptom scores, particularly depressed affect and interpersonal problems, though this relationship was found only among women. Among men a U-shaped relationship between baseline TC and longitudinal increase in somatic complaints and a direct link between low TC and longitudinal putative improvement in positive affect was found. On excluding statin users among women, low TC was associated with slower increase in depressed affect over time, whereas high TC was associated with faster increase in interpersonal problems. In summary, atherogenic indices were directly linked to faster increase in depressive symptoms among women only. More studies are needed to explain these sex-specific associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Beydoun
- NIH Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - H A Beydoun
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - G A Dore
- NIH Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - M T Fanelli-Kuczmarski
- Department of Health, Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - M K Evans
- NIH Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A B Zonderman
- NIH Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA
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The association of depression and angina pectoris across 47 countries: findings from the 2002 World Health Survey. Eur J Epidemiol 2014; 29:507-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s10654-014-9926-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Xu Q, Anderson D, Lurie-Beck J. The relationship between abdominal obesity and depression in the general population: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Res Clin Pract 2013; 5:e267-360. [PMID: 24331129 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY Obesity has been widely regarded as a public health concern because of its adverse impact on individuals' health. Systematic reviews have been published in examining the effect of obesity on depression, but with major emphasis on general obesity as measured by the body mass index. Despite a stronger effect of abdominal obesity on individuals' physical health outcomes, to our best knowledge, no systematic review was undertaken with regard to the relationship between abdominal obesity and depression. This paper reports the results of a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies examining the relationship between abdominal obesity and depression in a general population. Multiple electronic databases were searched until the end of September 2009. 15 articles were systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed. The analysis showed that the odds ratio of having depression for individuals with abdominal obesity was 1.38 (95% CI, 1.22-1.57) as compared to those who are not obese. Furthermore, it was found that this relationship did not vary with potential confounders including gender, age, measurement of depression and abdominal obesity, and study quality.:
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunyan Xu
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
| | - Debra Anderson
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
| | - Janine Lurie-Beck
- School of Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Australia
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Rich JL, Byrne JM, Curryer C, Byles JE, Loxton D. Prevalence and correlates of depression among Australian women: a systematic literature review, January 1999- January 2010. BMC Res Notes 2013; 6:424. [PMID: 24138703 PMCID: PMC3827921 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the prevalence and correlates of depression among Australian women. This systematic review of depression among women in Australia, the largest identified to date, highlights the prevalence and correlates of depression across the life span. Results The report adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement (PRISMA). Six health related databases were selected: Medline, PsychInfo, SCOPUS, Cinhal, Informit and Cochrane Systematic Reviews. 1,888 initial articles were found, and 111 articles were considered relevant for review. Prevalence rates of depression among women ranged from 2.6% to 43.9%. Higher rates were reported for younger women, or specific population groups. Most significant correlates included, age, adverse life events, tobacco use, sole motherhood, and previous mental health problems. Conclusions Limitations include the scope of the investigation’s aims and inclusion criteria, and the failure to identify gender specific data in most studies. Publication bias was likely, given that only papers reported (or translated) in English were included. Despite the breadth of information available, there were noticeable gaps in the literature. Some studies reported on affective disorders, but did not specifically report on depression; it is concluded that each mental illness warrants separate investigation. It was also common for studies to report a total prevalence rate without separating gender. This report recommends that it is vital to separate male and female data. The report concludes that more research is needed among mid-age women, Indigenous women, non-heterosexual women and Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CALD) women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Rich
- Research Centre for Gender, Health & Ageing, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
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van Reedt Dortland AKB, Giltay EJ, van Veen T, Zitman FG, Penninx BWJH. Longitudinal relationship of depressive and anxiety symptoms with dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity. Psychosom Med 2013. [PMID: 23197842 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0b013e318274d30f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research indicates that patients with severe symptoms of depression or anxiety are prone toward the development of dyslipidemia and abdominal obesity. We sought to study these associations longitudinally. METHODS Among 2126 Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety participants, we studied whether severity of depressive (Inventory of Depressive Symptoms) or anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory) symptoms at baseline was associated with changes in lipids (i.e., total, high-density lipoprotein [HDL] or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides) or waist circumference during a 2-year follow-up period. We also examined whether changes in severity of symptoms were associated with changes in lipid or waist circumference levels over these 2 years. Multivariate linear regression analyses were adjusted for age, sex, education, and tobacco consumption. RESULTS Baseline symptoms of depression or anxiety predicted a decrease in HDL cholesterol (adjusted β = -.062 [p = .003] and β = -.050 [p = .02], respectively) and an increase in waist circumference (adjusted β = .060 [p = .01] and β = .053 [p = .02], respectively) for 2 years. Reduction of symptoms of depression or anxiety over time did not coincide with an amelioration of lipid or waist circumference values. CONCLUSIONS People with initially severe symptoms of depression or anxiety showed a subsequent decrease in HDL cholesterol levels and an increase in abdominal obesity over time, independent of a potential reduction in symptom severity in this period. Therefore, such people are at elongated and increasing risk for dyslipidemia and obesity, predisposing them to cardiovascular disease.
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Park JE, Lee JE. Cardiovascular disease risk factors and depression in Korean women: results from the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Psychiatry Res 2011; 190:232-9. [PMID: 21683455 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2011.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Revised: 05/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Depression is the fourth leading factor of disease burden for the global female population, but while increasing evidence has supported a contributing role of depression in cardiovascular disease, little is known about this association within the female population of Korea. We examined the association in a study of 5658 Korean women who participated in the fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. A logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 279 cases of depression were included. Cardiovascular disease risk factors were associated with higher odds of depression: ORs (95% CIs) were 3.99 (2.25-7.05) for current smokers with <5 pack-years vs. never-smokers, 1.97 (1.18-3.30) for ≥28 vs. <20kg/m(2) of body mass index, 1.42 (1.03-1.95) for 100-125 vs. <100mg/dL of fasting serum glucose levels, and 2.10 (1.46-3.03) for a history of hyperlipidemia. Women with a history of two or three comorbid disorders (diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease) had a 1.63-fold higher OR for depression than women without any of these diseases. Korean women with depression had a greater prevalence of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease than women without depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Nazareth I, D'Costa G, Kalaitzaki E, Vaidya R, King M. Angina in primary care in Goa, India: sex differences and associated risk factors. HEART ASIA 2010; 2:28-35. [PMID: 27325939 PMCID: PMC4898508 DOI: 10.1136/ha.2009.001255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the prevalence of angina in people seen in Indian general practices. The authors assessed the prevalence of angina and its associated risk factors in Goan general practices. METHODS Cross-sectional study on consecutive attendees in nine private general practices in Goa, India. All participants completed the Rose Angina Questionnaire, to ascertain the presence of angina. Other demographic, clinical and biochemical data were also collected. RESULTS 1556 (626 men and 930 women) consecutive attendees aged 30 to 75 years. Angina was detected in 37 (5.9%, 95% CI 2.4 to 9.4%) men and 99 (10.6%, 95% CI=7.4 to 11.2%) women. The prevalence of angina increased with age in both sexes but was greater in women between aged 46-60 (OR=4.3 (95% CI 2.0 to 9.2)) when compared with men. When compared with men, the odds of angina in women of all ages was 2.03 (95% CI 1.10 to 3.75) after controlling for confounders. Angina was associated with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms in both sexes (men OR=5.65, 95% CI=2.25 to 14.16; women OR=2.18, 95% CI=1.01 to 4.69) and with hypertension in men (OR=3.82, 95% CI=1.57 to 9.30) and family history of coronary heart disease (OR=1.53, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.24) in women. Borderline/high total cholesterol levels (OR=0.5, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.89) in women were associated with a reduced risk of angina. CONCLUSION Women attending general practices in Goa, India are at greater risk of angina than men. Depression/anxiety is strongly associated with angina. Greater awareness of the general practitioners to the disparity in angina between the sexes and its association with psychological distress is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irwin Nazareth
- Medical Research Council, General Practice Research Framework & Research Department of Primary Care & Population Sciences, University College London Medical School, London, UK
| | | | - Eleftheria Kalaitzaki
- Medical Research Council, General Practice Research Framework & Research Department of Primary Care & Population Sciences, University College London Medical School, London, UK
| | - Raj Vaidya
- Voluntary Health Association of Goa, Panjim, Goa, India
| | - Michael King
- Research Department of Mental Health Sciences, University College London Medical School, London, UK
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Suominen-Taipale AL, Partonen T, Turunen AW, Männistö S, Jula A, Verkasalo PK. Fish consumption and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in relation to depressive episodes: a cross-sectional analysis. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10530. [PMID: 20479881 PMCID: PMC2866534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
High fish consumption and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake are suggested to benefit mental well-being but the current evidence is conflicting. Our aim was to evaluate whether a higher level of fish consumption, a higher intake of omega-3 PUFAs, and a higher serum concentration of omega-3 PUFAs link to a lower 12-month prevalence of depressive episodes.We used data from the nationwide Health 2000 Survey (n = 5492) and the Fishermen Study on Finnish professional fishermen and their family members (n = 1265). Data were based on questionnaires, interviews, health examinations, and blood samples. Depressive episodes were assessed with the M-CIDI (the Munich version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview) and a self-report of two CIDI probe questions, respectively. Fish consumption was measured by a food frequency questionnaire (g/day) and independent frequency questions (times/month). Dietary intake (g/day) and serum concentrations (% from fatty acids) of PUFAs were determined. Fish consumption was associated with prevalence of depressive episodes in men but not in women. The prevalence of depressive episodes decreased from 9% to 5% across the quartiles of fish consumption (g/day) in men of the Health 2000 Survey (p for linear trend = 0.01), and from17% to 3% across the quartiles of fish consumption (times/month) in men of the Fishermen Study (p for linear trend = 0.05). This association was modified by lifestyle; in the Health 2000 Survey a higher level of fish consumption was related to a lower prevalence of depressive episodes in men who consumed the most alcohol, were occasional or former smokers, or had intermediate physical activity. The associations between depressive episodes and the intake or serum concentrations of omega-3 PUFAs were not consistent.In men, fish consumption appears as a surrogate for underlying but unidentified lifestyle factors that protect against depression.
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Abstract
AIMS Physical inactivity and depressed mood are both associated with a higher likelihood of diabetes-related complications; the association between physical activity and depressed mood in Type 2 diabetes has not been reviewed previously. We have reviewed (i) the strength of this association and (ii) the impact of depression-specific management and physical activity interventions on mood and activity levels in overweight adults with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS Studies published between January 1996 and September 2007 were identified (OVID-MEDLINE, PSYCH-INFO and EMBASE) using pertinent search terms (keyword/title). RESULTS Of the 12 studies included (10 cross-sectional, two trials), most employed a standardized questionnaire for depressed mood but only one item for physical activity. In adults with Type 2 diabetes, the inactive are 1.72 to 1.75 times more likely to be depressed than the more active; the depressed are 1.22 to 1.9 times more likely to be physically inactive than the non-depressed. Two randomized trials demonstrated that a depression management programme improved mood, but only one demonstrated increased physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Studies to date suggest an association between depressed mood and physical inactivity in adults with Type 2 diabetes, although objective measures of physical activity have not been employed. Depression-specific management may improve mood and possibly activity. A trial comparing the impact of depression-specific management compared with exercise intervention on depressed mood and activity in Type 2 diabetes is justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Lysy
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montráal, QC, Canada
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