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Tzelefa V, Tsirimiagkou C, Argyris A, Moschonis G, Perogiannakis G, Yannakoulia M, Sfikakis P, Protogerou AD, Karatzi K. Associations of dietary patterns with blood pressure and markers of subclinical arterial damage in adults with risk factors for CVD. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:6075-6084. [PMID: 34392855 PMCID: PMC11148598 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021003499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Unhealthy diet is a modifiable risk factor leading to subclinical arterial damage (SAD), high BP and CVD. It was aimed to investigate the possible associations of dietary patterns (DPs) with SAD in adults having multiple CVD risk factors. DESIGN Dietary intake was evaluated through two 24-h dietary recalls and principal component analysis was used to identify DPs. Oscillometry, applanation tonometry with pulse wave analysis and carotid ultrasound were used to assess peripheral and aortic BP, arterial stiffness and pressure wave reflections. SETTING Laiko University Hospital, Athens, Greece. PARTICIPANTS A total of 470 individuals (53·1 ± 14·2 years) with CVD risk factors were enrolled. RESULTS A pattern characterised by increased consumption of whole-grain cereals, white meat and reduced consumption of sugar was positively associated with common carotid compliance (β = 0·01, 95 % CI 0·00, 0·01), whereas a pattern high in refined cereals, red and processed meat was positively associated with brachial but not aortic systolic pressure (β = 1·76, 95 % CI 0·11, 3·42) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) (β = 1·18, 95 % CI 0·02, -2·38). Low consumption of low-fat dairy products, high consumption of full-fat cheese and butter was positively associated with MAP (β = 0·97, 95 % CI 0·01, 1·95). Increased consumption of vegetables, fruits, fresh juices, fish and seafood was inversely associated with augmentation index (AIx) (β = -1·01, 95 % CI -1·93, -0·09). CONCLUSION Consumption of whole grains, white meat, fruits/vegetables, fish/seafood and avoidance of sugar was associated with improved SAD. Preference in refined grains, red/processed meat, high-fat cheese/butter and low intake of low-fat dairy products were associated with BP elevation. Future studies are needed to confirm the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Tzelefa
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
| | - Christiana Tsirimiagkou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Argyris
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - George Moschonis
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - George Perogiannakis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
| | - Petros Sfikakis
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, 1st Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanase D Protogerou
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Karatzi
- Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, Athens, Greece
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Greece Iera Odos 75, 118 55Athens, Greece
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Basdeki ED, Tsirimiagkou C, Argyris A, Moschonis G, Sfikakis P, Protogerou AD, Karatzi K. Moderately increased alcohol consumption is associated with higher pressure wave reflections and blood pressure in men. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:85-94. [PMID: 33500112 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Increased alcohol consumption has been associated with CVD risk. Subclinical arterial damage (SAD) precedes the onset of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and allows early identification and study of the pathophysiology of CVD. Reliable, noninvasive vascular biomarkers are available for the early detection of SAD and reclassification of CVD risk. To investigate the association of alcohol consumption with multiple SAD biomarkers and central hemodynamics in a large sample of Greek adults with CVD risk factors. METHODS AND RESULTS This cross-sectional study was conducted with 938 participants (43.5% men) and collected data on SAD biomarkers, central hemodynamics, and dietary intake. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed according to sex after adjusting for several confounders. In men, alcohol consumption of 20-30 g/d was positively associated with mean, diastolic, and peripheral systolic blood pressure (BP). The consumption of >30 g/d was positively associated with the augmentation index. In women, no statistically significant associations were found between alcohol consumption and BP or SAD indices. No statistically significant associations were found between alcohol consumption and arterial compliance or distensibility in both sexes. CONCLUSION In men even a small deviation from the current recommendation for alcohol consumption is associated with both higher BP indices and pressure wave reflections. The absence of association in women might be due to very low alcohol intake, even in the high consumption group. More studies are needed to verify our findings and establish the above associations in each sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini D Basdeki
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
| | - Christiana Tsirimiagkou
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios Argyris
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - George Moschonis
- Department of Dietetics, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Petros Sfikakis
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, 1(st) Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Athens University Medical School, Laiko Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanase D Protogerou
- Cardiovascular Prevention & Research Unit, Clinic & Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, Athens, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Karatzi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, Greece; Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, Athens, Greece.
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3
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Fu S, Wu Q, Luo L, Ye P. Relationships of drinking and smoking with peripheral arterial stiffness in Chinese community-dwelling population without symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. Tob Induc Dis 2017; 15:39. [PMID: 29089863 PMCID: PMC5655967 DOI: 10.1186/s12971-017-0144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral arterial stiffness gives rise to the high prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). It is necessary to conduct a large-scale study in Chinese community-dwelling population to clarify the relationships of alcohol and tobacco consumption with peripheral arterial stiffness. Most studies had a small sample size, and were not performed in Chinese community-dwelling population without symptomatic PAD. This analysis was designed to examine the relationships of alcohol and tobacco consumption with peripheral arterial stiffness in Chinese community-dwelling population without symptomatic PAD. Methods In a large health check-up program in Beijing (2007–2009), 2624 participants were involved in this analysis, and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV) was measured following standard procedure. Physical examinations were performed by well-trained physicians. Blood samples were analyzed by qualified technicians in central laboratory. Initially, either alcohol drinking or cigarette smoking, and then both alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking, were put in one model of multivariate Logistic regression analyses. Results Median age was 54 years, and median value of crPWV was 9.4 m/s; 51.8% were males, 27.6% were smokers and 30.6% were drinkers. In Logistic regression analyses with either alcohol drinking or cigarette smoking, and both alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking, in one model, cigarette smoking was independently associated with crPWV (P < 0.05 for all), and alcohol drinking was not independently associated with crPWV (P > 0.05 for all). Conclusions Cigarette smoking had an independent relationship with peripheral artery stiffness, and there was no independent relationship between alcohol drinking and peripheral arterial stiffness in Chinese community-dwelling population without symptomatic PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Fu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China.,Department of Cardiology and Hainan Branch, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qixian Wu
- Department of Nephrology and Hainan Branch, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Leiming Luo
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Ping Ye
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100853 China
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4
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Kalla A, Figueredo VM. Alcohol and cardiovascular disease in the geriatric population. Clin Cardiol 2017; 40:444-449. [PMID: 28294372 DOI: 10.1002/clc.22681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been little focus on the effects of alcohol on the elderly. Although the cardiovascular benefits of moderate alcohol consumption could be of the greatest benefit in this group, so might be the detrimental effects of abuse. In this article, we review available data on the effects of alcohol consumption on cardiovascular disease, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, hypertension, and vascular function in older adults. Alcohol consumption has increased in the US population age 65 years and older in the last decade, as has monthly heavy episodic drinking in older alcohol consumers. Studies of alcohol consumption in older subjects suggest that consumption in moderation does not increase the risk of heart failure, hypertension, or atrial arrhythmias, and may in fact improve vascular function and reduce cardiovascular disease events. As in younger subjects, heavy consumption, or abuse of alcohol, negates any potential protective cardiovascular effects, increasing the incidence of heart failure and hypertension. Although alcohol consumed in moderation does not appear harmful in the elderly population, heavier consumption exacerbates hypertension and increases the incidence of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Kalla
- Institute for Heart & Vascular Health, Division of Cardiology, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Vincent M Figueredo
- Institute for Heart & Vascular Health, Division of Cardiology, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Sidney Kimmel College of Medicine at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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O'Neill D, Britton A, Brunner EJ, Bell S. Twenty-Five-Year Alcohol Consumption Trajectories and Their Association With Arterial Aging: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.005288. [PMID: 28219925 PMCID: PMC5523790 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.005288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that arterial stiffness, an important marker of cardiovascular health, is associated with alcohol consumption. However, the role of longer-term consumption patterns in the progression of arterial stiffness over time remains unclear. A longitudinal cohort design was used to evaluate the association between alcohol consumption over 25 years and subsequent changes in arterial stiffness. METHODS AND RESULTS Data (N=3869; 73% male) were drawn from the Whitehall II cohort study of British civil servants, in which participants completed repeat pulse wave velocity assessments of arterial stiffness across a 4- to 5-year interval. Repeated alcohol intake measurements were used to categorize participants into alcohol consumer types, accounting for longitudinal variability in consumption. Sex-stratified linear mixed-effects modeling was used to investigate whether drinker types differed in their relationship to pulse wave velocity and its progression over time. Males with consistent long-term heavy intake >112 g of ethanol/week had significantly higher baseline pulse wave velocity (b=0.26 m/s; P=0.045) than those who drank consistently moderately (1-112 g of ethanol/week). Male former drinkers showed significantly greater increases in arterial stiffness longitudinally compared to consistently moderate drinkers (b=0.11 m/s; P=0.009). All associations were nonsignificant for females after adjustment for body mass index, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, diabetes mellitus, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS This work demonstrates that consistently heavy alcohol consumption is associated with higher cardiovascular risk, especially among males, and also provides new insights into the potential impact of changes in drinking levels over time. It discusses the additional insights possible when capturing longitudinal consumption patterns in lieu of reliance on recent intake alone. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02663791.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darragh O'Neill
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Annie Britton
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eric J Brunner
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Bell
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Kim MK, Shin J, Kweon SS, Shin DH, Lee YH, Chun BY, Choi BY. Harmful and beneficial relationships between alcohol consumption and subclinical atherosclerosis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:767-776. [PMID: 24694837 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Arterial stiffness and increased intima-media wall thickness are two of the main predictors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We evaluated whether brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and common carotid artery intima-media wall thickness (CCA-IMT) are correlated with alcohol consumption in a cross-sectional study among Korean men and women aged 40 years and over. METHODS AND RESULTS All 5539 subjects (2121 men and 3418 women) were participants in the Multi-Rural Communities cohort (MRcohort) study, a part of the Korean Genome Epidemiology Study (KoGES). The baPWV was positively correlated with alcohol consumption in men (p for trend <0.0001). Age (middle-aged versus elderly) modified the effect of alcohol consumption on PWV. On the other hand CCA-IMT decreased with alcohol consumption in men. There was no favorable zone of alcohol consumption in terms of baPWV and CCA-IMT. Adjustment for lipid profiles substantially attenuated the relationship between alcohol consumption and CCA-IMT. There was no clear relation between alcohol consumption and baPWV/CCA-IMT in women. CONCLUSIONS Along with a linear harmful relationship between alcohol consumption and arterial stiffness in men there may also be a beneficial relationship between alcohol consumption and carotid intima-wall thickness. The effect of alcohol on arterial stiffness may be slightly stronger in elderly men, and the effect of alcohol on CCA-IMT may be mediated by lipid factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - J Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S-S Kweon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea; Jeonnam Regional Cancer Center, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea
| | - D H Shin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Y-H Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science, Wonkwang University College of Medicine, Iksan, South Korea
| | - B-Y Chun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, and Health Promotion Research Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - B Y Choi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
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El Khoudary SR, Barinas-Mitchell E, White J, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Kuller LH, Curb JD, Shin C, Ueshima H, Masaki K, Evans RW, Miura K, Edmundowicz D, Sekikawa A. Adiponectin, systolic blood pressure, and alcohol consumption are associated with more aortic stiffness progression among apparently healthy men. Atherosclerosis 2012; 225:475-80. [PMID: 23040831 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Limited data are available about risk factors for the progression of aortic stiffness in healthy population. We examined several risk factors as possible independent predictors of aortic stiffness progression among a population-based sample of US men. METHODS A total of 240 men (40-49 years) free of CVD at baseline from the Pittsburgh site of the ERA JUMP study were evaluated. Aortic stiffness was measured as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity at baseline and after 4.6 ± 0.2 (mean ± SD) years of follow-up. Progression of aortic stiffness was evaluated as relative annual change in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (% change/year). Using linear regression, both baseline potential risk factors and their annual changes were evaluated as possible risk factors for aortic stiffness progression. Baseline age, follow-up time, race, heart rate, and medications use were forced in all models. RESULTS During follow-up, relative to baseline level, aortic stiffness increased 0.3% ± 5.3% per year. In final models, the independent predictors of degree of aortic stiffness progression were lower levels of adiponectin (P = 0.03), higher levels of systolic blood pressure (P = 0.03), greater annual change in systolic blood pressure (P = 0.04), and alcohol consumption ≥ 2 times/week (P = 0.02). Adiponectin levels within the third (9.8 μg/Ml ≤ adiponectin < 13.0 μg/mL) and the fourth (adiponectin ≥ 13.0 μg/mL) quartiles were associated with an improvement in relative annual aortic stiffness progression (P = 0.02, P = 0.01, respectively) compared to levels within the first quartile (adiponectin ≤ 7.0 μg/mL). CONCLUSION Among apparently healthy men, lower levels of baseline adiponectin could be a novel marker for greater risk of aortic stiffness progression. Longitudinal research is required to evaluate whether adiponectin change over time would have similar association with aortic stiffness progression.
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Movva R, Figueredo VM. Alcohol and the heart: to abstain or not to abstain? Int J Cardiol 2012; 164:267-76. [PMID: 22336255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Revised: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol has been consumed by most societies over the last 7000 years. Abraham Lincoln said "It has long been recognized that the problems with alcohol relate not to the use of a bad thing, but to the abuse of a good thing." Light to moderate alcohol consumption reduces the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), ischemic stroke, peripheral arterial disease, CHD mortality, and all-cause mortality, especially in the western populations. However, heavy alcohol consumption is detrimental causing cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmias, hepatic cirrhosis, pancreatitis, and hemorrhagic stroke. In this article, we review the effects of alcohol on CHD, individual cardiovascular risk factors, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac arrhythmias, including the most recent evidence of the effects of alcohol on CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Movva
- Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, United States
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Associations between dietary patterns and arterial stiffness, carotid artery intima-media thickness and atherosclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 17:718-24. [DOI: 10.1097/hjr.0b013e32833a197f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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10
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Morley R, Dwyer T, Hynes KL, Cochrane J, Ponsonby AL, Parkington HC, Carlin JB. Maternal alcohol intake and offspring pulse wave velocity. Neonatology 2010; 97:204-11. [PMID: 19864927 PMCID: PMC3701444 DOI: 10.1159/000252973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine exposure to alcohol may affect cardiovascular development, increasing risk of cardiovascular malformations. Intrauterine exposure to light maternal alcohol intake has been reported to affect human umbilical arterial contractility, and adult sheep exposed in utero have had altered cerebrovascular reactivity. In human adults, alcohol intake affects arterial stiffness. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether intrauterine exposure to alcohol was associated with childhood pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of arterial stiffness. METHODS On postnatal day 4, mothers of 147 twin pairs born in Tasmania from 1991 to 1993 reported alcohol intake during each trimester of pregnancy. At 9 years, child PWV was assessed over carotid-femoral and femoral-dorsalis pedis arterial segments by applanation tonometry. RESULTS Carotid-femoral PWV was 0.2 m/s (95% CI 0.06, 0.4) higher (indicating stiffer vessels) in children whose mothers drank alcohol in the 2nd trimester rather than abstained, after adjusting for potential confounding factors. A similar effect was not seen for femoral-dorsalis pedis PWV. Findings were independent of child blood pressure which correlated strongly with PWV. Alcohol intake varied little between trimesters, so it was not possible to assess the effect of timing of exposure. CONCLUSIONS Carotid-femoral PWV in adults is predictive of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The degree of continuity between childhood and adulthood PWV is unknown, but as we found an association between prenatal alcohol exposure and carotid-femoral PWV at 9 years, a permanent change in vessel wall structure or function is possible. These findings need to be confirmed in other and larger cohorts, and mechanistic animal studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Morley
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Clayton, Vic., Australia.
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11
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Association of blood pressure levels with the effects of alcohol intake on the vasculature in Japanese men. Hypertens Res 2009; 32:127-32. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2008.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Iliopoulos D, Tsatsaris A, Dontas I, Kavantzas N, Agapitos E, Boudoulas H, Perrea D. Changes in Aortic Function After Interposition of a Tubular Graft in the Descending Porcine Thoracic Aorta. Artif Organs 2006; 30:622-5. [PMID: 16911316 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2006.00271.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate the alterations of aortic function after interposition of a tubular graft in the descending porcine thoracic aorta. Eight healthy Landrace pigs were subjected to thoracotomy under sterile conditions. A 5-cm-long segment of descending thoracic aorta was replaced with a Dacron graft. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured using simultaneous recordings of electrocardiogram and Doppler pressure waveforms, which were received from right carotid and femoral arteries. Then, the recordings were fed to a computer for analytical estimation of PWV in several occasions: right after the interposition (D0), and after 15 (D15) and 30 (D30) days time. Euthanasia was performed after the D30-recordings and the aortic graft area was removed. "Before graft" (BG) as well as "after graft" (AG) aortic regions were examined under light microscopy in order to determine the aortic thickness (T) and number of lamellar units (LU). Eight sham-operated pigs were used as controls. The results showed that PWV decreased as soon as the graft interposition took place and was maintained, until the end of experiment (P < 0.05). Aortic wall thickness was increased both at pregraft and postgraft areas (P < 0.05), and LUs were also increased at the same regions. It is concluded that the interposition of a tubular graft in the descending thoracic aorta resulted in a decrease in PWV, which may improve left ventricular performance and enhance myocardial perfusion, due to a delay in the arrival of the reflecting diastolic wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Iliopoulos
- Laboratory for Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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13
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Mattace-Raso FUS, van der Cammen TJM, van den Elzen APM, Schalekamp MADH, Asmar R, Reneman RS, Hoeks APG, Hofman A, Witteman JCM. Moderate Alcohol Consumption Is Associated With Reduced Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults: The Rotterdam Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2005; 60:1479-83. [PMID: 16339338 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/60.11.1479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption has been associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. The protective effect of alcohol could involve arterial properties as arterial stiffness and distensibility. METHODS The relationship between alcohol and arterial stiffness was studied within the framework of the Rotterdam Study, a population-based study in individuals aged 55 and older. The present study included 3178 participants in the third examination phase. Arterial stiffness was measured by two different methods, i.e., the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and the DC of the common carotid artery. Categories of alcohol consumption were defined as follows: < or =3 glasses of alcohol per week, 4-10 glasses per week, 11-20 glasses per week, and > or =21 glasses per week. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between alcohol consumption and measures of arterial stiffness. RESULTS In multivariate-adjusted models, women drinking 4-10, 11-20, and > or =21 glasses of alcoholic beverage per week had a -0.07 (0.22 to -0.38), -0.18 (0.12 to -0.49), and 0.12 (0.19 to -0.43) m/s difference in mean pulse wave velocity compared to those drinking 0-3 glasses per week (reference group). Corresponding differences in the carotid DC were 0.68 (1.21 to 0.15), 0.28 (0.82 to -0.25), and 0.36 (0.91 to -0.18) 10(-3)/kPa. In men, the estimates were not statistically significant, although a similar trend was observed. CONCLUSIONS Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with lower arterial stiffness in women independently of cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco U S Mattace-Raso
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Wildman RP, Gu D, Muntner P, Huang G, Chen J, Duan X, He J. Alcohol intake and hypertension subtypes in Chinese men. J Hypertens 2005; 23:737-43. [PMID: 15775777 DOI: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000163141.82212.5f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between alcohol intake and isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH), and isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH). DESIGN Cross-sectional study of Chinese adults. METHODS We analyzed data from 5317 Chinese males who were not on antihypertensive medications from a nationally representative sample of Chinese adults aged 35-74 years. ISH was defined as a mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) >/=140 mmHg and a mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 90 mmHg, SDH as a SBP >/= 140 mmHg and DBP >/= 90 mmHg, and IDH as SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP >/= 90 mmHg. Alcohol intake was determined using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and participants were categorized either as non-drinkers (<12 drinks in the prior year) or by tertile of alcohol intake. RESULTS The odds ratios of all three hypertension subtypes were higher at higher levels of alcohol intake, with those in the highest alcohol intake category (>/=30 drinks/week) 2.0 (95% confidence interval: 1.3, 3.0), 2.2 (1.6, 3.1), and 2.1 (1.4, 3.1) times more likely to have ISH, SDH, or IDH, respectively, than non-drinkers. The population attributable risk percentage due to heavy drinking (>/=30 drinks/week) was 13.9% for ISH, 13.4% for SDH, and 12.0% for IDH. Liquor drinking, specifically, was associated with a higher odds ratio of ISH, while SDH and IDH associations did not differ by type of alcoholic beverage. CONCLUSIONS In Chinese males, higher intake of alcohol is associated with higher risk of ISH, SDH, and IDH. Efforts to reduce hypertension in China should include a strong focus on decreasing heavy alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel P Wildman
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
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Tsatsaris A, Iliopoulos D, Baldoukas A, Berketis N, Triantafyllou I, Triantafyllou D. A Minor Experimental Stenosis in Porcine Descending Thoracic Aorta Affects the Spectral Content of Pressure Pulse Wave. Artif Organs 2004; 28:1102-5. [PMID: 15554939 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2004.28122.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To carry out research into the possible changes of the spectral content of pressure pulse wave after the creation of an experimentally induced stenosis in the pig descending thoracic aorta. METHODS Eight healthy, normotensive Landrace pigs were subjected to thoracotomy under sterile conditions. At the upper segment of the descending thoracic aorta, a 5-mm-long circumferential symmetric constriction was imposed and stabilized; hence, a 15-20 mm Hg pressure gradient was established. Pressure tip catheters were used in order to monitor the pressure gradient. Blood flow disturbances were recorded through a bidirectional Doppler flow meter at pre- and poststenotic areas (A and B, respectively). Measurements were carried out before, 10 min after, and 90 days after the creation of the stenosis. The recorded waveforms were analyzed mathematically by using Fourier Transform, in order to determine their spectral component. Eight sham-operated pigs were used as controls. RESULTS Fourier Transform analysis showed a significant increase (P < 0.05) of spectral content in A and B areas. Also, the "relative" harmonic amplitudes in nonstenotic subjects were higher than in stenotic animals (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A minor experimental constriction located at the level of the descending thoracic aorta increased the spectral content of the pressure pulse wave, indicating that spectral analysis may detect slight flow disturbances before developing remarkable signs of an impaired circulation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Tsatsaris
- Laboratory for Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece.
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Okamura T, Moriyama Y, Kadowaki T, Kanda H, Ueshima H. Non-invasive measurement of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is associated with serum C-reactive protein but not with alpha-tocopherol in Japanese middle-aged male workers. Hypertens Res 2004; 27:173-80. [PMID: 15080376 DOI: 10.1291/hypres.27.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an indicator of arterial stiffness, especially in the aorta, and a marker for vascular damage. We examined the association of brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) with serum alpha-tocopherol and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in addition to the traditional risk factors. Study subjects were 178 Japanese male workers aged 50-59 without past histories of cardiovascular diseases. The relation of baPWV with serum alpha-tocopherol and CRP levels was cross-sectionally analyzed after adjusting for other cardiovascular risk factors. The arithmetic mean of serum alpha-tocopherol was 38.9 micromol/l, and the geometric mean of serum CRP was 0.47 mg/l. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that serum CRP levels were associated with an elevation of baPWV, in addition to age, systolic blood pressure and heart rate. However, serum alpha-tocopherol, serum lipids (triglyceride, low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol), fasting plasma glucose, body mass index, smoking and alcohol drinking did not significantly correlate to baPWV. Multivariate-adjusted means of baPWV according to serum CRP quartile were 1,431, 1,436, 1,507 and 1,508 cm/s (p = 0.033). The serum CRP level might be an important marker for arterial stiffness in Japanese middle-aged males. However, no relation was observed between alpha-tocopherol and baPWV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Okamura
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa-cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan.
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