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Andrade-Carmona VR, Carmona-Araiza LG, Soria-Cespedes D, Gómez-Virgilio L, López-Toledo G. Kaposi Sarcoma Mimicking a Lingual Lesion in an HIV-Negative Patient: A Case Report. Cureus 2024; 16:e57131. [PMID: 38681393 PMCID: PMC11055566 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Tonsillar Kaposi sarcoma is rare, reported in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. This case report of a tonsillar Kaposi sarcoma (KS) in an HIV-negative male patient, initially misinterpreted as a lingual lesion diagnosed with KS following tonsillectomy, highlights the value of a differential diagnosis in atypical presentations. The case report discusses the etiologic agent of KS, its detection and treatment, and a few case reports about tonsillar KS with no association with AIDS. The case underscores the diagnostic challenge of oropharyngeal lesions, particularly in patients with risk factors but negative HIV status.
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Meriem H, Bouhairi MEL, Ben Yahya I. Non HIV oral Kaposi Sarcoma: Rare case report literature review. ADVANCES IN ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adoms.2021.100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Gardini G, Odolini S, Moioli G, Papalia DA, Ferrari V, Matteelli A, Caligaris S. Disseminated Kaposi sarcoma following COVID-19 in a 61-year-old Albanian immunocompetent man: a case report and review of the literature. Eur J Med Res 2021; 26:152. [PMID: 34930492 PMCID: PMC8686807 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-021-00620-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 and its related anti-inflammatory treatment (steroids, immunomodulators) may induce the reactivation of latent bacterial, parasitic, and viral infections. According to our knowledge, no case of disseminated HHV-8-related Kaposi sarcoma (KS) after COVID-19 and its treatment has been described so far. Only one case of cutaneous KS concurrently with COVID-19 has been previously reported. Case presentation We describe a case of disseminated KS in a 61-year-old immunocompetent Albanian man after hospitalization for COVID-19. Methods for literature research We used PubMed as biomedical database for the literature research. We selected keyword combinations including “Kaposi sarcoma,” “HHV-8,” “immunocompetent,” “COVID-19,” “SARS-CoV-2,” and “steroids.” No time or language limitation was set. Titles and abstracts of selected articles were systematically screened. Articles were included in the examination if they were published under free access through the digital library of the University of Brescia (Italy), and provided full text. Articles were excluded if the topic was beyond the aim of our study. Finally, we selected 15 articles. Results We describe a case of KS in COVID-19 patient and postulate that Interleukin-6 (IL-6) activity and steroid-induced immunodeficiency may play a major role in KS emergence. No published case of disseminated KS following COVID-19 in otherwise healthy individuals was found through the systematic literature review, despite the high incidence of COVID-19 in areas with medium–high prevalence of HHV-8 infection. This observation might be explained by the role of individual genetic susceptibility factors. Conclusions SARS-CoV-2 infection and its treatment may lead to reactivation of several latent infections, including HHV-8 and its related clinical syndrome, Kaposi sarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gardini
- ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, University Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Brescia, Italy. .,University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Silvia Odolini
- ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, University Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Moioli
- ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, University Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Brescia, Italy
| | - Dorothea Angela Papalia
- ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, University Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Brescia, Italy.,University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vittorio Ferrari
- University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.,Division of Oncology, ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Matteelli
- ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, University Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Brescia, Italy.,University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvio Caligaris
- ASST Spedali Civili Hospital, University Division of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Brescia, Italy
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Emerging Oncogenic Viruses in Head and Neck Cancers from Romanian Patients. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11199356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are some of the most frequent malignancies globally. Oncogenic viruses MCPyV, EBV and HPVs are recognized to be related to HNSCCs and skin cancers. There are no data from Romania regarding the involvement of herpes viruses and polyomaviruses in these types of cancer. We aim to evaluate the association of oncogenic viruses from Papillomaviridae, Herpesviridae, and Polyomaviridae families in HNSCCs and skin cancers. (2) Methods: A total of 26 fresh tumors (6/26 women) were tested for 67 viral agents using a multiplex PCR genotyping assay. (3) Results: A total of 23/26 (88.5%) samples were positive for one or more viruses. All the tested tumors were negative for any HPV (alpha or beta types). In total, we detected as positive samples: 16 (61.63%) EBV1, 12 (46.15%) HHV7, 8 (30.76%) MCV, 6 (23.07%) CMV and HHV6, 2 (7.69%) HHV8, 1 (3.8%) HPyV6 and EBV2. (4) Conclusions: We detected HPV-negative cases that are HPyV and HHV positive. In these fractions of HPV-negative HNSCCs cases, other oncogenic viruses may be involved, such as EBV1, MCV or CMV. Additional research is required for clarifying the natural history of these viruses in HNSCCs, as virus detection would have a decisive impact on diagnostic and decisional algorithms.
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Nodular lesion on the posterior dorsal surface of the tongue. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 131:e145-e150. [PMID: 32988806 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Righini CA, Gil H, Colombé C. Rare tumour of the palatine tonsil. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2020; 138:114-115. [PMID: 32475787 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C A Righini
- CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France; Faculté de médecine Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France; Unité Inserm UJF/U823, centre de recherche Albert-Bonniot, Grenoble, France.
| | - H Gil
- CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - C Colombé
- CHU de Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France; Faculté de médecine Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Keleş E, Türker C, Artaş G, Karlıdağ T. Tonsillar Kaposi Sarcoma in an HIV-Negative Patient: A Case Report. Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 57:46-49. [PMID: 31049254 DOI: 10.5152/tao.2018.3487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a rare malignancy associated with AIDS and usually affects skin. The most common causative agent is the Human Herpes Virus Type 8 (HHV-8). In the literature, there are few case reports about KS with no association to AIDS. In this case report, we report a 72-year-old HIV (-) woman who presented to our clinic with a complaint of fast swelling in the right palatine tonsil and was histopathologically diagnosed as tonsillar KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erol Keleş
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fırat University School of Medicine, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Cihan Türker
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fırat University School of Medicine, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Artaş
- Department of Pathology, Fırat University School of Medicine, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Turgut Karlıdağ
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Fırat University School of Medicine, Elazığ, Turkey
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Moolla Y, Naidoo L. A rare case of odynophagia. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.4102/sajo.v2i0.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A rare aetiology of isolated tonsillar mass lesions causing odynophagia was demonstrated in a young immunocompromised woman.
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Oral Kaposi Sarcoma in HIV-seronegative Saudi patient: Literature review and case report. Saudi Dent J 2017; 29:129-134. [PMID: 28725131 PMCID: PMC5502912 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) is an intermediate neoplasm affecting the endothelial cells of mucous membranes and skin. It arises most commonly among HIV-infected individuals. We present an intra-oral KS in an 80-year-old Saudi male patient, who is HIV-seronegative, non-immunosuppressed, and with no history of organ transplantation. The patient was treated with fractionated radiation therapy, and had no recurrence in the 48 months of follow-up. The clinical disease, histologic features, and treatment modality used, as well as the relative literature are presented in this paper.
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Mouden K, Khmou M, Loughmari S, Semmar A, El Kacemi H, El Khannoussi B, Kebdani T, Elmajjaoui S, Benjaafar N. Primary Kaposi's sarcoma of the nasal cavity: a case report and review of the literature. Clin Sarcoma Res 2016; 6:4. [PMID: 26998222 PMCID: PMC4797219 DOI: 10.1186/s13569-016-0044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kaposi sarcoma is a neoplastic vascular disorder. It usually present on the skin of the upper and lower extremities, rarely in the mucosa of the head and neck. The most common sites reported are within the oral cavity, particularly on the palate. Other mucosal sites are rare. We present an unusual case where the primary manifestation of the Kaposi’s sarcoma was in the nasal mucosa. Case presentation A 56-year-old female of Mediterranean descent presented with a 1 year history of swelling on the left side of her nose, nasal obstruction and occasional minor epistaxes. Physical examination showed a firm and bulging polypoid mass which filled the left nasal cavity without cutaneous lesions. Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a tumor, measuring 77 mm in diameter, occupying the left nasal cavity causing erosion of nasal septum and extending posteriorly to the left choana and nasopharynx. There was bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. Patient treated with chemotherapy alone. She was in a complete response after the first cycle. The patient received no further treatment. She needs a regular medical checkups that include a review of a patient’s medical history and a complete physical exam. She is in excellent local control over 12 months. Conclusions A review of the literature revealed that only seven cases of primary Kaposi sarcoma of the nasal cavity have previously been published and only two of them presented in a patient not associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Here, we report the third case where the primary manifestation of the Kaposi sarcoma was in the nasal cavity in a patient with an adequate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Mouden
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mouna Khmou
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Oncology, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Saida Loughmari
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Afaf Semmar
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hanan El Kacemi
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Tayeb Kebdani
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sanaa Elmajjaoui
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Noureddine Benjaafar
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, University Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
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Isolated kaposi sarcoma of the tonsil: a case report and review of the scientific literature. Case Rep Otolaryngol 2015; 2015:874548. [PMID: 25755902 PMCID: PMC4338387 DOI: 10.1155/2015/874548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaposi sarcoma is a tumour caused by human herpes virus 8, also known as Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus. It usually affects the skin and oral mucosa; however, it can also sometimes affect the lungs, the liver, the stomach, the bowel, and lymph nodes. Several body sites may be affected simultaneously. The involvement of the tonsils is rare. We described an isolated localization of Kaposi's sarcoma of the right tonsil in a HIV-positive patient.
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Thariat J, Kirova Y, Sio T, Choussy O, Vees H, Schick U, Poissonnet G, Saada E, Thyss A, Miller RC. Mucosal Kaposi sarcoma, a Rare Cancer Network study. Rare Tumors 2012; 4:e49. [PMID: 23372913 PMCID: PMC3557563 DOI: 10.4081/rt.2012.e49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) most often affect the skin but occasionally affect the mucosa of different anatomic sites. The management of mucosal KS is seldom described in the literature. Data from 15 eligible patients with mucosal KS treated between 1994 and 2008 in five institutions within three countries of the Rare Cancer Network group were collected. The inclusion criteria were as follows: age >16 years, confirmed pathological diagnosis, mucosal stages I and II, and a minimum of 6 months' follow-up after treatment. Head and neck sites were the most common (66%). Eleven cases were HIV-positive. CD4 counts correlated with disease stage. Twelve patients had biopsy only while three patients underwent local resection. Radiotherapy (RT) was delivered whatever their CD4 status was. Median total radiation dose was 16.2 Gy (0–45) delivered in median 17 days (0–40) with four patients receiving no RT. Six patients underwent chemotherapy and received from 1 to 11 cycles of various regimens namely vinblastin, caelyx, bleomycine, or interferon, whatever their CD4 counts was. Five-year disease free survival were 81.6% and 75.0% in patients undergoing RT or not, respectively. Median survival was 66.9 months. Radiation-induced toxicity was at worse grade 1–2 and was manageable whatever patients' HIV status. This small series of mucosal KSs revealed that relatively low-dose RT is overall safe and efficient in HIV-positive and negative patients. Since there are distant relapses either in multicentric cutaneous or visceral forms in head and neck cases, the role of systemic treatments may be worth investigations in addition to RT of localized disease. Surgery may be used for symptomatic lesions, with caution given the risk of bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Thariat
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Laccasagne, Nice, France
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Altunay I, Kucukunal A, Demirci GT, Ates B. Variable clinical presentations of Classic Kaposi Sarcoma in Turkish patients. J Dermatol Case Rep 2012; 6:8-13. [PMID: 22514583 PMCID: PMC3322103 DOI: 10.3315/jdcr.2012.1088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a vascular neoplasm with multicentric cutanenous and extracutaneous involvements, which was first described by Moriz Kaposi in 1872. Since then, different epidemiological clinical and histopathological variants of this neoplasm have been identified. Classic Kaposi sarcoma (CKS) is one of four main clinico-epidemiologiologic variants. characteristics of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four Turkish inpatients with CKS were evaluated in the study. All medical history and clinical data were noted. A screening immunodeficiency workup were performed for all patients. HHV-8 immunofluorescence testing on the specimens and ELISA test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV 1 and 2) were performed. Pulmonary X ray graphies and computurized tomography (CT) scan were applied. Stage of the tumor was determined, in each case, according to the classification system proposed by Brambilla et al in 2003. RESULTS All patients are positive for HHV-8. They were all immunocompetent and negative for HIV1 and HIV2. The first patient was unusual for morphological presentation of several verrucoid lesions that was evaluated as verrucoid KS. He was considered stage IB CKS. The patient 2 was a young man and the course of KS seemed unexpectedly aggressive for CKS. His clinical appearence seemed us to be a patient with AIDSassociated KS. The patient was evaluated as stage IVB CKS. Our third patient had also prominent lymphedema associated with bluish discoloration on the toes and fingers, suggesting a diagnosis of peripheral vascular disorder. He was diagnosed as stage IIIB CKS. The fourth case was interesting for very extensive lesions involving big sized plaques and also the existence of mucosal lesion. The patient was diagnosed as stage IVB CKS. CONCLUSIONS It seems that the reports of exceptional cases of KS are accumulating. Data from various cases should be collected and perhaps, novel clinical classifications should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asli Kucukunal
- Department of Dermatology, Sisli Etfal Training And Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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