1
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Hassib NF, Mehrez M, Mostafa MI, Abdel-Hamid MS. Isolated dentinogenesis imperfecta: Novel DSPP variants and insights on genetic counselling. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:254. [PMID: 38630328 PMCID: PMC11024031 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is an inherited dentin defect and may be isolated or associated with disorders such as osteogenesis imperfecta, odontochondrodysplasia Ehler-Danlos and others. Isolated DI is caused mainly by pathogenic variants in DSPP gene and around 50 different variants have been described in this gene. Herein, we report on 19 patients from two unrelated Egyptian families with isolated DI. Additionally, we focused on genetic counselling of the two families. MATERIALS AND METHODS The patients were examined clinically and dentally. Panoramic X-rays were done to some patients. Whole exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were used. RESULTS WES revealed two new nonsense variants in DSPP gene, c.288T > A (p.Tyr96Ter) and c.255G > A (p.Trp85Ter). Segregation analysis by Sanger sequencing confirmed the presence of the first variant in all affected members of Family 1 while the second variant was confirmed to be de novo in the patient of Family 2. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Our study extends the number of DSPP pathogenic variants and strengthens the fact that DSPP is the most common DI causative gene irrespective of patients' ethnicity. In addition, we provide insights on genetic counseling issues in patients with inherited DSPP variants taking into consideration the variable religion, culture and laws in our society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal F Hassib
- Orodental Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 ElBohous street, Dokki, P.O.12622, Cairo, 3337 09 31, Egypt.
- School of dentistry, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Mennat Mehrez
- Orodental Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 ElBohous street, Dokki, P.O.12622, Cairo, 3337 09 31, Egypt
| | - Mostafa I Mostafa
- Orodental Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 ElBohous street, Dokki, P.O.12622, Cairo, 3337 09 31, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Abdel-Hamid
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Liao Y, Pan T, Xing X. Regenerative Endodontic Treatment in Dentinogenesis Imperfecta-Induced Apical Periodontitis. Case Rep Dent 2024; 2024:5128588. [PMID: 38223911 PMCID: PMC10787646 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5128588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulp involvement of immature permanent teeth with dentinogenesis imperfecta is challenging and could lead to extraction. A case of dentinogenesis imperfecta-induced periapical periodontitis of an immature permanent tooth was treated with regenerative endodontic treatment (RET), and root maturation was observed in 12-month follow-up. An 8-year-old girl presented acute pain and swelling in central mandibular region. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed "shell teeth" appearance of teeth 31, 41, and 42. Periapical lesion of tooth 31 was observed. Tooth 41 was previously treated with apexification. RET was planned and carried out for the necrotic tooth (tooth 31) with dentinogenesis imperfecta. The 1-, 3-, 7-, and 12-month postoperative recall revealed complete healing of periapical lesions. Root maturation characterized by elongation of root, thickening of dentinal walls, and closure of root apex was observed with radiographic examinations. We show that RET could be a desirable treatment for necrotic immature permanent teeth with dentinogenesis imperfecta and lead to resolution of endodontic lesions as well as maturation of dental root. The findings of this case suggest that RET should be considered by endodontist and pediatric dentist to treat teeth with similar dental anomalies and apical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liao
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
| | - Xianghui Xing
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, China
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3
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Zhang Z, Huang G, Huang Y, Liu S, Chen F, Gao X, Dong Y, Tian H. Novel dentin sialophosphoprotein gene frameshift mutations affect dentin mineralization. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 151:105701. [PMID: 37084484 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify candidate genes for inheritable dentin defects in three Chinese pedigrees and characterize the property of affected teeth. DESIGN Clinical and radiological features were recorded for the affected individuals. Genomic DNA obtained from peripheral venous blood or saliva were analyzed by whole-exome sequencing. The density and microhardness of affected dentin was measured. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also performed to obtain the microstructure phenotype. RESULTS 1) General appearance: the affected dentitions shared yellowish-brown or milky color. Radiographs showed that the pulp cavity and root canals were obliterated in varying degrees or exhibited a pulp aspect in the 'thistle tube'. Some patients exhibited periapical infections without pulpal exposure, and some affected individuals showed shortened, abnormally thin roots accompanied by severe alveolar bone loss. 2) Genomic analysis: three new frameshift mutations (NM_014208.3: c.2833delA, c.2852delGand c.3239delA) were identified in exon 5 of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene, altering dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) as result. In vitro studies showed that the density and microhardness of affected dentin were decreased, the dentinal tubules were sparse and arranged disorderly, and the dentinal-enamel-junction (DEJ) was abnormal. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified three novel frameshift mutations of dentin sialophosphoprotein gene related to inherited dentin defects. These mutations are speculated to cause abnormal coding of dentin phosphoprotein C-terminus, which affect dentin mineralization. These results expand the spectrum of dentin sialophosphoprotein gene mutations causing inheritable dentin defects and broaden our understanding of the biological mechanisms by which dentin forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Zhang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Guibin Huang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health and Science Center, Beijing, PR China
| | - Siyi Liu
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Feng Chen
- Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xuejun Gao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yanmei Dong
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Hua Tian
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
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4
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Kim YJ, Lee Y, Zhang H, Seymen F, Koruyucu M, Bayrak S, Tuloglu N, Simmer JP, Hu JCC, Kim JW. Translated Mutant DSPP mRNA Expression Level Impacts the Severity of Dentin Defects. J Pers Med 2022; 12:1002. [PMID: 35743786 PMCID: PMC9225647 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12061002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary dentin defects are conventionally classified into three types of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) and two types of dentin dysplasia (DD). Mutations in the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene have been identified to cause DGI type II and III and DD type II; therefore, these are not three different conditions, but rather allelic disorders. In this study, we recruited three families with varying clinical phenotypes from DGI-III to DD-II and performed mutational analysis by candidate gene analysis or whole-exome sequencing. Three novel mutations including a silent mutation (NM_014208.3: c.52-2del, c.135+1G>C, and c.135G>A; p.(Gln45=)) were identified, all of which affected pre-mRNA splicing. Comparison of the splicing assay results revealed that the expression level of the DSPP exon 3 deletion transcript correlated with the severity of the dentin defects. This study did not only expand the mutational spectrum of DSPP gene, but also advanced our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis impacting the severity of hereditary dentin defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn Jung Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yejin Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Altinbas University, Istanbul 34147, Turkey;
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey;
| | - Sule Bayrak
- Private Practice, Eskisehir 26150, Turkey; (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - Nuray Tuloglu
- Private Practice, Eskisehir 26150, Turkey; (S.B.); (N.T.)
| | - James P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Jan C.-C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences & Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.Z.); (J.P.S.); (J.C.-C.H.)
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea; (Y.J.K.); (Y.L.)
- Department of Molecular Genetics & DRI, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
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5
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The Modified Shields Classification and 12 Families with Defined DSPP Mutations. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050858. [PMID: 35627243 PMCID: PMC9141616 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in Dentin Sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) are known to cause, in order of increasing severity, dentin dysplasia type-II (DD-II), dentinogenesis imperfecta type-II (DGI-II), and dentinogenesis imperfecta type-III (DGI-III). DSPP mutations fall into two groups: a 5′-group that affects protein targeting and a 3′-group that shifts translation into the −1 reading frame. Using whole-exome sequence (WES) analyses and Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing, we identified disease-causing DSPP mutations in 12 families. Three of the mutations are novel: c.53T>C/p.(Val18Ala); c.3461delG/p.(Ser1154Metfs*160); and c.3700delA/p.(Ser1234Alafs*80). We propose genetic analysis start with WES analysis of proband DNA to identify mutations in COL1A1 and COL1A2 causing dominant forms of osteogenesis imperfecta, 5′-DSPP mutations, and 3′-DSPP frameshifts near the margins of the DSPP repeat region, and SMRT sequencing when the disease-causing mutation is not identified. After reviewing the literature and incorporating new information showing distinct differences in the cell pathology observed between knockin mice with 5′-Dspp or 3′-Dspp mutations, we propose a modified Shields Classification based upon the causative mutation rather than phenotypic severity such that patients identified with 5′-DSPP defects be diagnosed as DGI-III, while those with 3′-DSPP defects be diagnosed as DGI-II.
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6
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Khan MI, Ahmed N, Neela PK, Unnisa N. The Human Genetics of Dental Anomalies. Glob Med Genet 2022; 9:76-81. [PMID: 35707781 PMCID: PMC9192175 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1743572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of tooth is a highly complex procedure and mastered by specific genetic programs. Genetic alterations, environmental factors, and developmental timing can disturb the execution of these programs, and result in various dental anomalies like hypodontia/oligodontia, and supernumerary teeth, which are commonly seen in our clinical practice. Advances in molecular research enabled the identification of various genes involved in the pathogenesis of dental anomalies. In the near future, it will help provide a more accurate diagnosis and biological-based treatment for these anomalies. In this article, we present the molecular phenomenon of tooth development and the genetics of various dental anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahamad Irfanulla Khan
- Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, The Oxford Dental College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- General Dental Practitioner, Max Dental Specialties, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Neela
- Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Nayeem Unnisa
- General Dental Practitioner, The Dental Clinic, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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7
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Wang F, Tao R, Zhao L, Hao XH, Zou Y, Lin Q, Liu MM, Goldman G, Luo D, Chen S. Differential lncRNA/mRNA Expression Profiling and Functional Network Analyses in Bmp2 Deletion of Mouse Dental Papilla Cells. Front Genet 2022; 12:702540. [PMID: 35003201 PMCID: PMC8727545 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.702540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bmp2 is essential for dentin development and formation. Bmp2 conditional knock-out (KO) mice display a similar tooth phenotype of dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI). To elucidate a foundation for subsequent functional studies of cross talk between mRNAs and lncRNAs in Bmp2-mediated dentinogenesis, we investigated the profiling of lncRNAs and mRNAs using immortalized mouse dental Bmp2 flox/flox (iBmp2fx/fx) and Bmp2 knock-out (iBmp2ko/ko) papilla cells. RNA sequencing was implemented to study the expression of the lncRNAs and mRNAs. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to validate expressions of lncRNAs and mRNAs. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases were used to predict functions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network were analyzed by using bioinformatics methods. As a result, a total of 22 differentially expressed lncRNAs (16 downregulated vs 6 upregulated) and 227 differentially expressed mRNAs (133 downregulated vs. 94 upregulated) were identified in the iBmp2ko/ko cells compared with those of the iBmp2fx/fx cells. RT-qPCR results showed significantly differential expressions of several lncRNAs and mRNAs which were consistent with the RNA-seq data. GO and KEGG analyses showed differentially expressed genes were closely related to cell differentiation, transcriptional regulation, and developmentally relevant signaling pathways. Moreover, network-based bioinformatics analysis depicted the co-expression network between lncRNAs and mRNAs regulated by Bmp2 in mouse dental papilla cells and symmetrically analyzed the effect of Bmp2 during dentinogenesis via coding and non-coding RNA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Developmental Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Ran Tao
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin-Hui Hao
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Zou
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Qing Lin
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meng Meng Liu
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Graham Goldman
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Daoshu Luo
- Laboratory of Clinical Applied Anatomy, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Developmental Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
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8
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Du Q, Cao L, Liu Y, Pang C, Wu S, Zheng L, Jiang W, Na X, Yu J, Wang S, Zhu X, Yang J. Phenotype and molecular characterizations of a family with dentinogenesis imperfecta shields type II with a novel DSPP mutation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 9:1672. [PMID: 34988181 PMCID: PMC8667123 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI), Shields type-II is an autosomal dominant genetic disease which severely affects the function of the patients’ teeth. The dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene is considered to be the pathogenic gene of DGI-II. In this study, a DGI-II family with a novel DSPP mutation were collected, functional characteristics of DGI cells and clinical features were analyzed to better understand the genotype-phenotype relationship of this disease. Methods Clinical data were collected, whole exome sequencing (WES) was conducted, and Sanger sequencing was used to verify the mutation sites. Physical characteristics of the patient’s teeth were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The localization of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused wild-type (WT) dentin sialoprotein (DSP) and its variant were evaluated via an immunocytochemistry (ICC) assay. The behaviors of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) were investigated by flow cytometry, osteogenic differentiation, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results A novel heterozygous mutation c.53T > G (p. Val18Gly) in DSPP was found in this family. The SEM results showed that the participants’ teeth had reduced and irregular dentinal tubes. The EDS results showed that the Ca/P ratio of the patients’ teeth was significantly higher than that of the control group. The ICC assay showed that the mutant DSP was entrapped in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), while the WT DSP located mainly in the Golgi apparatus. In comparison with normal cells, the patient’s cells exhibited significantly decreased mineralization ability and lower expression levels of DSPP and RUNX2. Conclusions The c.53T > G (p. Val18Gly) DSPP variant was shown to present with rare hypoplastic enamel defects. Functional analysis revealed that this novel variant disturbs dentinal characteristics and pulp cell behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Du
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Cao
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunyan Pang
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Si Wu
- The State Key Lab of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liwei Zheng
- The State Key Lab of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxue Na
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yu
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianjun Zhu
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiyun Yang
- The Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study of Sichuan Province and Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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9
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Orthodontic Treatment of a Patient with Dentin Dysplasia Type I and Bilateral Maxillary Canine Impaction: Case Presentation and a Family-Based Genetic Analysis. CHILDREN-BASEL 2021; 8:children8060519. [PMID: 34207061 PMCID: PMC8234607 DOI: 10.3390/children8060519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dentin dysplasia is a rare hereditary disorder, transmitted by autosomal dominant mode, affecting both dentin and pulp. In Type I crown morphology is normal, but root dentin organization loss leads to shorter roots. Mutations in the SSUH2, VPS4B and SMOC2 genes have been reported as responsible for this condition. Orthodontic treatment was conducted on an 11-year-old female patient presenting the disorder along with bilaterally impacted permanent maxillary canines, in close proximity to the roots of the lateral and central incisors. Treatment plan included lateral incisors extraction, surgical exposure and traction of the impacted canines. Light forces were applied from a custom-made trans-palatal arch. Comprehensive orthodontic treatment was performed using edgewise appliances. After 3 years and 2 months, group function occlusion was achieved. The canines underwent composite resin restorations. At one year post-retention, the dentition remained stable. Family-based genetic analysis did not reveal any mutations in the aforementioned genes pointing to further genetic heterogeneity of this disorder. As dental medicine becomes more sophisticated and personalized, the association between mutation type/function and orthodontic treatment response may provide useful therapeutic insights. The positive treatment response of the presented case could be attributed to a more “benign” mutation awaiting to be identified.
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10
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Song W, Li S, Tang Q, Chen L, Yuan Z. In vitro biocompatibility and bioactivity of calcium silicate‑based bioceramics in endodontics (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:128. [PMID: 34013376 PMCID: PMC8136140 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based bioceramics have been applied in endodontics as advantageous materials for years. In addition to excellent physical and chemical properties, the biocompatibility and bioactivity of calcium silicate-based bioceramics also serve an important role in endodontics according to previous research reports. Firstly, bioceramics affect cellular behavior of cells such as stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, fibroblasts and immune cells. On the other hand, cell reaction to bioceramics determines the effect of wound healing and tissue repair following bioceramics implantation. The aim of the present review was to provide an overview of calcium silicate-based bioceramics currently applied in endodontics, including mineral trioxide aggregate, Bioaggregate, Biodentine and iRoot, focusing on their in vitro biocompatibility and bioactivity. Understanding their underlying mechanism may help to ensure these materials are applied appropriately in endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Song
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shue Li
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zhenglin Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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11
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Turkkahraman H, Galindo F, Tulu US, Helms JA. A novel hypothesis based on clinical, radiological, and histological data to explain the dentinogenesis imperfecta type II phenotype. Connect Tissue Res 2020; 61:526-536. [PMID: 31284784 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2019.1631296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Purpose/Aim: The aim of this study was to explore whether dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI)-related aberrations are detectable in odontogenic tissues. Materials and Methods: Morphological and histological analyses were carried out on 3 teeth (two maxillary 1st molars, one maxillary central incisor) extracted from a patient with DGI Type II. A maxillary 2nd molar teeth extracted from a healthy patient was used as control. A micro-computed tomographic (μCT) data-acquisition system was used to scan and reconstruct samples. Pentachrome and picrosirius red histologic stains were used to analyze odontogenic tissues and their collagenous matrices. Results: Our findings corroborate DGI effects on molar and incisor root elongation, and the hypo-mineralized state of DGI dentin. In addition to these findings, we discovered changes to the DGI pulp cavity: Reactionary dentin formation, which we theorize is exacerbated by the early loss of enamel, nearly obliterated an acellular but still-vascularized DGI pulp cavity. We also discovered an accumulation of lamellated cellular cementum at the root apices, which we hypothesize compensates for the severe and rapid attrition of the DGI tooth. Conclusions: Based on imaging and histological data, we propose a novel hypothesis to explain the complex dental phenotypes observed in patients with DGI Type II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Turkkahraman
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Orthodontics and Oral Facial Genetics, School of Dentistry, Indiana University , Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Fernando Galindo
- School of Dentistry, Javeriana University , Bogotá, Colombia.,Fundación Santa Fé de Bogotá Hospital , Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ustun Serdar Tulu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jill A Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA, USA
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12
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Gulati N, Juneja S, Singh A, Singh I. A histological continuum between dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia: A case report with literature review. Indian J Dent Res 2019; 30:643-646. [PMID: 31745067 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_318_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta and dentin dysplasia are genetic oral diseases inherited in a simple autosomal dominant mode, with high penetrance and a low mutation rate. Both of them are present with bulbous crowns, marked cervical constrictions, severe attritions, few periapical radiolucencies, and premature tooth loss. The diagnosis is based on family history, and detailed clinical examination, while genetic diagnosis may become useful in the future once sufficient disease-causing mutations have been discovered. Here, we present a case with overlapping features of both dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia asserting both the anomalies to be part of the same continuum of the genetic event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Gulati
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Juneja
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akriti Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Iqbal Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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13
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Xu Y, Wang Y, Pang X, Li Z, Wu J, Zhou Z, Xu T, Gobin Beharee R, Jin L, Yu J. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate promotes the proliferation and differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells via nuclear factor kappa B pathway. Exp Cell Res 2019; 384:111593. [PMID: 31487508 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.111593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are vital for the regeneration of periodontal tissues. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) has recently been applied as a component of the mineralization inducing medium (MM), which can be used to induce osteogenic differentiation of dental stem cells. However, whether KH2PO4 has effects on PDLSCs has not been studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS PDLSCs were isolated by magnetic activated cell sorting and cultured. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and ALP protein expression of PDLSCs treated with different concentrations of KH2PO4 were examined to make sure the optimal concentration of KH2PO4 for the following experiments. The effects of KH2PO4 on the proliferation and differentiation of PDLSCs were investigated by flow cytometry, cell counting kit-8 assay, alizarin red staining, real-time RT-PCR, and Western blot. The involvement of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway in KH2PO4-treated PDLSCs was analyzed by Western blot and alizarin red staining. RESULTS ALP activity assay and ALP protein expression examination revealed that 1.8 mmol/L KH2PO4 was the optimal concentration for the induction of hPDLSCs by KH2PO4. The proliferation and mineralization capacity of PDLSCs treated with KH2PO4 were enhanced as compared with the control group. PDLSCs treated with KH2PO4 showed an improved proliferation capacity in logarithmic growth phase at day 7. As PDLSCs were treated with KH2PO4, the expression of odonto/osteogenic markers (OCN/OCN, DSP/DSPP, OSX/OSX, RUNX2/RUNX2, and ALP/ALP) in cells were up-regulated at day 3 or 7. Moreover, the expression of IκBα in cytoplasm was down-regulated, along with an increased expression of p-P65 in cytoplasm and an up-regulated expression of P65 in nucleus. When treated with BMS345541 (the specific NF-κB inhibitor), the odonto/osteogenic differentiation of KH2PO4-treated PDLSCs was significantly attenuated. CONCLUSION KH2PO4 can improve the proliferation and odonto/osteogenic differentiation capacity of PDLSCs via NF-κB pathway, and thus represents a potential target involved in the regeneration of periodontium for clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Xu
- Endodontic Department, Changzhou Stomatological Hospital, 61 Beizhi Street, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xiyao Pang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Zehan Li
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Jintao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Romila Gobin Beharee
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Nantong Stomatological Hospital, 36 South Yuelong Road, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China; Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 136 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China.
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14
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Taleb K, Lauridsen E, Daugaard-Jensen J, Nieminen P, Kreiborg S. Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II- genotype and phenotype analyses in three Danish families. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 6:339-349. [PMID: 29512331 PMCID: PMC6014476 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is a rare debilitating hereditary disorder affecting dentin formation and causing loss of the overlying enamel. Clinically, DI sufferers have a discolored and weakened dentition with an increased risk of fracture. The aims of this study were to assess genotype-phenotype findings in three families with DI-II with special reference to mutations in the DSPP gene and clinical, histological, and imaging manifestations. METHODS Nine patients participated in the study (two from family A, four from family B, and three from family C). Buccal swab samples were collected from all participants and extracted for genomic DNA. Clinical and radiographic examinations had been performed longitudinally, and the dental status was documented using photographic images. Four extracted and decalcified tooth samples were prepared for histological analysis to assess dysplastic manifestations in the dentin. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was applied to study the health of enamel tissue from in vivo images and the effect of the mutation on the function and structure of the DSPP gene was analyzed using bioinformatics software programs. RESULTS The direct DNA sequence analysis revealed three distinct mutations, one of which was a novel finding. The mutations caused dominant phenotypes presumably by interference with signal peptide processing and protein secretion. The clinical and radiographic disturbances in the permanent dentition indicated interfamilial variability in DI-II manifestations, however, no significant intrafamilial variability was observed. CONCLUSION The different mutations in the DSPP gene were accompanied by distinct phenotypes. Enamel defects suggested deficit in preameloblast function during the early stages of amelogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawther Taleb
- Department of Odontology, Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Resource Centre for Rare Oral Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Lauridsen
- Resource Centre for Rare Oral Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette Daugaard-Jensen
- Resource Centre for Rare Oral Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pekka Nieminen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sven Kreiborg
- Department of Odontology, Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Resource Centre for Rare Oral Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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15
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Wang Y, Zhou Y, Jin L, Pang X, Lu Y, Wang Z, Yu Y, Yu J. Mineral trioxide aggregate enhances the osteogenic capacity of periodontal ligament stem cells via NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2386-2397. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Yixiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
- IVY Dental Clinic; Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Lin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Xiyao Pang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Yadie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Zilu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Yan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases of Jiangsu Province and Stomatological Institute of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
- Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu China
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16
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Hong J, Shin TJ, Hyun HK, Kim YJ, Lee SH, Kim JW. A Frameshift Mutation causes Dentinogenesis Imperfecta Type II. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.5933/jkapd.2017.44.2.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Tetrahelical structural family adopted by AGCGA-rich regulatory DNA regions. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15355. [PMID: 28513602 PMCID: PMC5442326 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we describe AGCGA-quadruplexes, an unexpected addition to the well-known tetrahelical families, G-quadruplexes and i-motifs, that have been a focus of intense research due to their potential biological impact in G- and C-rich DNA regions, respectively. High-resolution structures determined by solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy demonstrate that AGCGA-quadruplexes comprise four 5′-AGCGA-3′ tracts and are stabilized by G-A and G-C base pairs forming GAGA- and GCGC-quartets, respectively. Residues in the core of the structure are connected with edge-type loops. Sequences of alternating 5′-AGCGA-3′ and 5′-GGG-3′ repeats could be expected to form G-quadruplexes, but are shown herein to form AGCGA-quadruplexes instead. Unique structural features of AGCGA-quadruplexes together with lower sensitivity to cation and pH variation imply their potential biological relevance in regulatory regions of genes responsible for basic cellular processes that are related to neurological disorders, cancer and abnormalities in bone and cartilage development. DNA tetrahelical structures such as G-quadruplexes are known to play important roles in DNA replication and repair. Here the authors present the structure of 5′-AGCGA-3′-quadruplexes enriched in genetic regulatory regions.
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18
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Li F, Liu Y, Liu H, Yang J, Zhang F, Feng H. Phenotype and genotype analyses in seven families with dentinogenesis imperfecta or dentin dysplasia. Oral Dis 2017; 23:360-366. [PMID: 27973701 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hereditary dentin defects can be categorised into two classes according to their clinical manifestations: dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI), which includes three types (DGI-I, DGI-II and DGI-III), and dentin dysplasia (DD), which includes two types (DD-I and DD-II). This study investigated the phenotypic characteristics and genetic causes of hereditary dentin defects in seven Chinese families. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven families affected with DGI-II, DGI-III or DD-II were enrolled. Clinical examinations were performed to determine the phenotypic characteristics, and DNA samples were collected for Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Clinical diagnoses revealed DGI-II in five families, DGI-III in one family and DD-II in one family. Variants of the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene were found in six of the seven families. Of these, c.52G>T was identified in two families. Each of the remaining four families had a different variant: c.2684delG, c.52-2A>G, c.1874-1877delACAG and c.3509-3521del13bp; the last three variants were novel. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to analyse all three important types of hereditary dentin defect and include comprehensive genetic analyses of both dentin sialoprotein and dentin phosphoprotein in Chinese families. This study expands the spectrum of DSPP variants, highlighting their associated phenotypic continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - H Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - J Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - F Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - H Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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19
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Li Y, He L, Pan S, Zhang L, Zhang W, Yi H, Niu Y. Three-dimensional simulated microgravity culture improves the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cell in PLGA scaffolds implanted in mice. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:873-878. [PMID: 28000851 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.6042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tooth regeneration through stem cell-based therapy is a promising treatment for tooth decay and loss. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have been widely identified as the stem cells with the most potential for tooth tissue regeneration. However, the culture of hDPSCs in vitro for tissue engineering is challenging, as cells may proliferate slowly or/and differentiate poorly in vivo. Dynamic three‑dimensional (3D) simulated microgravity (SMG) created using the rotary cell culture system is considered to an effective tool, which contributes to several cell functions. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of dynamic 3D SMG culture on the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation abilities of hDPSCs in poly (lactic‑co‑glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds in nude mice. The hDPSCs on PLGA scaffolds were maintained separately in the 3D SMG culture system and static 3D cultures with osteogenic medium for 7 days in vitro. Subsequently, the cell‑PLGA complexes were implanted subcutaneously on the backs of nude mice for 4 weeks. The results of histological and immunohistochemical examinations of Ki‑67, type I collagen, dentin sialoprotein and DMP‑1 indicated that the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation abilities of the hDPSCs prepared in the 3D SMG culture system were higher, compared with those prepared in the static culture system. These findings suggested that dynamic 3D SMG culture likely contributes to tissue engineering by improving the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation abilities of hDPSCs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Li
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lina He
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Pan
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yi
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Niu
- Department of Endodontics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Qari H, Kessler H, Narayana N, Premaraj S. Symmetric multiquadrant isolated dentin dysplasia (SMIDD), a unique presentation mimicking dentin dysplasia type 1b. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 123:e164-e169. [PMID: 28215628 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Dentin dysplasia (DD) is a rare developmental dentin disorder that causes root malformation. It is divided into radicular DD type 1 (DD-1) and coronal DD type 2 (DD-2). Recently, a new entity causing localized root malformation of permanent first molars that resembles DD-1b has been described as molar-incisor malformation (MIM). We report and compare 4 new cases that exhibit similar clinical, histologic, and radiographic features to the new entity, MIM. We believe MIM and our 4 cases to be the same entity, which is nonhereditary and, because of the isolated but bilaterally symmetric pattern of involvement, may be caused by a short-duration environmental insult that disrupts normal development/function of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath. We propose the name symmetrical multiquadrant isolated dentin dysplasia as the most appropriate descriptive designation for this unusual but highly distinctive anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Qari
- Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Harvey Kessler
- Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nagamani Narayana
- University of Nebraska Medical Center College of Dentistry, Lincoln, NE, USA
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21
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Lv T, Wu Y, Mu C, Liu G, Yan M, Xu X, Wu H, Du J, Yu J, Mu J. Insulin-like growth factor 1 promotes the proliferation and committed differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells through MAPK pathways. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 72:116-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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22
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Bloch-Zupan A, Huckert M, Stoetzel C, Meyer J, Geoffroy V, Razafindrakoto RW, Ralison SN, Randrianaivo JC, Ralison G, Andriamasinoro RO, Ramanampamaharana RH, Randrianazary SE, Richard B, Gorry P, Manière MC, Rakoto Alson S, Dollfus H. Detection of a Novel DSPP Mutation by NGS in a Population Isolate in Madagascar. Front Physiol 2016; 7:70. [PMID: 26973538 PMCID: PMC4773637 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A large family from a small village in Madagascar, Antanetilava, is known to present with colored teeth. Through previous collaboration and 4 successive visits in 1994, 2004, 2005, and 2012, we provided dental care to the inhabitants and diagnosed dentinogenesis imperfecta. Recently, using whole exome sequencing we confirmed the clinical diagnosis by identifying a novel single nucleotide deletion in exon 5 of DSPP. This paper underlines the necessity of long run research, the importance of international and interpersonal collaborations as well as the major contribution of next generation sequencing tools in the genetic diagnosis of rare oro-dental anomalies. This study is registered in ClinicalTrials (https://clinicaltrials.gov) under the number NCT02397824.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France; Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires Hôpital CivilStrasbourg, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-UMR7104, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 964, Université de StrasbourgIllkirch, France
| | - Mathilde Huckert
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France; Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 1112, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France
| | - Corinne Stoetzel
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 1112, Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg, France
| | - Julia Meyer
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg, France
| | - Véronique Geoffroy
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 1112, Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg, France
| | - Rabisoa W Razafindrakoto
- Institut d'Odonto-Stomatologie Tropicale de Madagascar, Université de Mahajanga Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Saholy N Ralison
- Institut d'Odonto-Stomatologie Tropicale de Madagascar, Université de Mahajanga Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Jean-Claude Randrianaivo
- Institut d'Odonto-Stomatologie Tropicale de Madagascar, Université de Mahajanga Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Georgette Ralison
- Institut d'Odonto-Stomatologie Tropicale de Madagascar, Université de Mahajanga Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Rija O Andriamasinoro
- Institut d'Odonto-Stomatologie Tropicale de Madagascar, Université de Mahajanga Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Rija H Ramanampamaharana
- Institut d'Odonto-Stomatologie Tropicale de Madagascar, Université de Mahajanga Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | | | | | - Philippe Gorry
- Research Unit of Theoretical & Applied Economics, GREThA (UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5113), Université de Bordeaux Pessac, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Manière
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de StrasbourgStrasbourg, France; Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-dentaires Hôpital CivilStrasbourg, France
| | - Simone Rakoto Alson
- Institut d'Odonto-Stomatologie Tropicale de Madagascar, Université de Mahajanga Mahajanga, Madagascar
| | - Hélène Dollfus
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, Faculté de Médecine, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U 1112, Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg, France
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Inhibition of Ape1 Redox Activity Promotes Odonto/osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Papilla Cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17483. [PMID: 26639148 PMCID: PMC4671010 DOI: 10.1038/srep17483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentinogenesis is the formation of dentin, a substance that forms the majority of teeth, and this process is performed by odontoblasts. Dental papilla cells (DPCs), as the progenitor cells of odontoblasts, undergo the odontogenic differentiation regulated by multiple cytokines and paracrine signal molecules. Ape1 is a perfect paradigm of the function complexity of a biological macromolecule with two major functional regions for DNA repair and redox regulation, respectively. To date, it remains unclear whether Ape1 can regulate the dentinogenesis in DPCs. In the present study, we firstly examed the spatio-temporal expression of Ape1 during tooth germ developmental process, and found the Ape1 expression was initially high and then gradually reduced along with the tooth development. Secondly, the osteo/odontogenic differentiation capacity of DPCs was up-regulated when treated with either Ape1-shRNA or E3330 (a specific inhibitor of the Ape1 redox function), respectively. Moreover, we found that the canonical Wnt signaling pathway was activated in this process, and E3330 reinforced-osteo/odontogenic differentiation capacity was suppressed by Dickkopf1 (DKK1), a potent antagonist of canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Taken together, we for the first time showed that inhibition of Ape1 redox regulation could promote the osteo/odontogenic differentiation capacity of DPCs via canonical Wnt signaling pathway.
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de La Dure-Molla M, Philippe Fournier B, Berdal A. Isolated dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia: revision of the classification. Eur J Hum Genet 2014; 23:445-51. [PMID: 25118030 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentinogenesis imperfecta is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by severe hypomineralization of dentin and altered dentin structure. Dentin extra cellular matrix is composed of 90% of collagen type I and 10% of non-collagenous proteins among which dentin sialoprotein (DSP), dentin glycoprotein (DGP) and dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) are crucial in dentinogenesis. These proteins are encoded by a single gene: dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and undergo several post-translational modifications such as glycosylation and phosphorylation to contribute and to control mineralization. Human mutations of this DSPP gene are responsible for three isolated dentinal diseases classified by Shield in 1973: type II and III dentinogenesis imperfecta and type II dentin dysplasia. Shield classification was based on clinical phenotypes observed in patient. Genetics results show now that these three diseases are a severity variation of the same pathology. So this review aims to revise and to propose a new classification of the isolated forms of DI to simplify diagnosis for practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel de La Dure-Molla
- 1] Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 872, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France [2] Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France [3] The Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University, Paris, France [4] Paris-Diderot, School of Dentistry, Paris, France [5] Reference Center for Dental Rare Disease, MAFACE Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Philippe Fournier
- 1] Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 872, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France [2] Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France [3] The Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University, Paris, France [4] Paris-Diderot, School of Dentistry, Paris, France [5] Reference Center for Dental Rare Disease, MAFACE Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Ariane Berdal
- 1] Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 872, Laboratory of Molecular Oral Pathophysiology, Paris, France [2] Paris-Descartes University, Paris, France [3] The Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University, Paris, France [4] Paris-Diderot, School of Dentistry, Paris, France [5] Reference Center for Dental Rare Disease, MAFACE Rothschild Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
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Odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation of dental pulp cells under nanobioactive glass induction. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:2792-803. [PMID: 24576581 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glass (BG) has been widely used in bone regeneration; however, reports on the biological effects of BG on dental pulp cells are rare. This study aims to investigate the effects of nanoscale BG (n-BG) on odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation of dental pulp cells and to compare these effects with those of microscale BG (m-BG). Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) from third molars were cultured directly with m-BG and n-BG in vitro. The cell proliferation increased at 0.1mgml(-1) BG, which also had a chemotactic effect on hDPCs. The mineralization capacity and expression of odontogenic-related proteins and genes (dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1 and collagen type I) of hDPCs were significantly up-regulated under BG induction, and were particularly higher in the n-BG group than in the control group. m-BG and n-BG combined with pulp tissues were transplanted into the dorsum of immunodeficient mice to observe their biological effects on dental pulp cells in vivo. A continuous layer of dentin-like tissue with uniform thickness, a well-organized dentinal tubule structure and polarizing odontoblast-like cells aligned along it was generated upon the n-BG layer, whereas some irregular sporadic osteodentin-like mineralized tissues were observed in the control group. This study reveals that BG, especially n-BG, induces the odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation of dental pulp cells and may serve as a potential material for pulp repair and dentin regeneration.
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Yan M, Wu J, Yu Y, Wang Y, Xie L, Zhang G, Yu J, Zhang C. Mineral trioxide aggregate promotes the odonto/osteogenic differentiation and dentinogenesis of stem cells from apical papilla via nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway. J Endod 2014; 40:640-7. [PMID: 24767557 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has been widely used in clinical apexification and apexogenesis. However, the effects of MTA on the stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) and the precise mechanism of apexogenesis have not been elucidated in detail. METHODS Multiple colony-derived stem cells were isolated from the apical papillae, and the effects of MTA on the proliferation and differentiation of SCAPs were investigated both in vitro and in vivo. Activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway in MTA-treated SCAPs was analyzed by immunofluorescence assay and Western blot. RESULTS MTA at the concentration of 2 mg/mL did not affect the proliferation activity of SCAPs. However, 2 mg/mL MTA-treated SCAPs presented the ultrastructural changes, up-regulated alkaline phosphatase, increased calcium deposition, up-regulated expression of odontoblast markers (dentin sialoprotein and dentin sialophosphoprotein) and odonto/osteoblast markers (runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocalcin), suggesting that MTA enhanced the odonto/osteoblastic differentiation of SCAPs in vitro. In vivo results confirmed that MTA can promote the regular dentinogenesis of SCAPs. Moreover, MTA-treated SCAPs exhibited the up-regulated cytoplasmic phos-IκBα and phos-P65, enhanced nuclear P65, and increased nuclear translocation of P65. When co-treated with BMS345541 (the specific NFκB inhibitor), MTA-mediated odonto/osteoblastic differentiation was significantly attenuated. CONCLUSIONS MTA at the concentration of 2 mg/mL can improve the odonto/osteogenic capacity of SCAPs via the activation of NFκB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yan
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jintao Wu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Endodontics, Suzhou Stomatological Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lizhe Xie
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangdong Zhang
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Endodontic Department, School of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinhua Yu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Endodontics, Suzhou Stomatological Hospital, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Comprehensive Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Surendra P, Shah R, N M R, Reddy VVS. Dentinogenesis Imperfecta : A Family which was Affected for Over Three Generations. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7:1808-11. [PMID: 24086922 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2013/5723.3286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta (DI) or hereditary opalescent dentin is inherited in a simple autosomal dominant mode with high penetrance and low mutation rates. It generally affects both the deciduous and the permanent dentitions. DI corresponds to a localized form of mesodermal dysplasia which is observed in the histo-differentiation. An early diagnosis and treatment are therefore fundamental, which aim at obtaining a favourable prognosis, since at late intervention makes the treatment more complex. We are presenting here a case of DI in which the disease affected the three generations of a family in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Surendra
- Professor & HOD, Paediatric & Preventive Dentistry College of Dental Sciences , Davangere, Karnataka, India
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Xu T, Yan M, Wang Y, Wang Z, Xie L, Tang C, Zhang G, Yu J. Estrogen deficiency reduces the dentinogenic capacity of rat lower incisors. J Mol Histol 2013; 45:11-9. [PMID: 23974864 PMCID: PMC4544579 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-013-9533-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Endogenous estrogen deficiency usually causes the systemic osteoporosis including the jaw bones. However, it remains unclear whether estrogen deficiency can affect the tooth mineralization. In this study, the classical osteoporotic rat model was established via the ovariectomy, which was subsequently confirmed by the detection of serum estradiol levels and body weights. The mineralization-related assays were performed to observe the potential changes in mineralized tissues of rat lower incisors. The clinical crown length, compressive strength, radiodensity, and calcium content in the ovariectomy group (OVX) were significantly downregulated (P < 0.01), as compared with the sham operation group (Sham). Histological results revealed that OVX incisors presented the thinner predentin structures than Sham incisors. Immunohistochemical staining and western blot assay further demonstrated that the odonto/osteoblast specific proteins (e.g., dentin sialoprotein, runt-related transcription factor 2, osterix, and osteocalcin) in the dentin–pulp complex of OVX incisors were significantly decreased in comparison with Sham counterparts. Together, estrogen deficiency reduces the dentinogenic capacity and calcium deposition in rat incisors, indicating that estrogen plays an important role in the dentinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
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A DSPP mutation causing dentinogenesis imperfecta and characterization of the mutational effect. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 2013:948181. [PMID: 23509818 PMCID: PMC3591212 DOI: 10.1155/2013/948181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the DSPP gene have been identified in nonsyndromic hereditary dentin defects, but the genotype-phenotype correlations are not fully understood. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the mutations of DSPP affecting the IPV leader sequence result in mutant DSPP retention in rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this study, we identified a Korean family with dentinogenesis imperfecta type III. To identify the disease causing mutation in this family, we performed mutational analysis based on candidate gene sequencing. Exons and exon-intron boundaries of DSPP gene were sequenced, and the effects of the identified mutation on the pre-mRNA splicing and protein secretion were investigated. Candidate gene sequencing revealed a mutation (c.50C > T, p.P17L) in exon 2 of the DSPP gene. The splicing assay showed that the mutation did not influence pre-mRNA splicing. However, the mutation interfered with protein secretion and resulted in the mutant protein remaining largely in the ER. These results suggest that the mutation affects ER-to-Golgi apparatus export and results in the reduction of secreted DSPP and ER overload. This may induce cell stress and damage processing and/or transport of dentin matrix proteins or other critical proteins.
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Scarel-Caminaga RM, Cavalcante LB, Finoti LS, Santos MCLGD, Konishi MF, Santos-Pinto LAMD. Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II: approach for dental treatment. REVISTA DE ODONTOLOGIA DA UNESP 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1807-25772012000600011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is a hereditary dentin development disorder that affects both primary and permanent dentitions. The DI characteristics are discolored and translucent teeth ranging from gray to brownish-blue or amber. The enamel may split readily from the dentin when subjected to occlusal stress. Radiographically there are evident of cervical constrictions, short root and pulp chambers, and the root canals are smaller than normal or completely obliterated. The dental treatment choice can be decided on a case-by case‑basis, considering the degree of dental tissue loss, and child age and cooperation. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this case report was to describe the early dental treatment performed in a child affected by DI type II. CASE REPORT: The treatment involved basic preventive procedures. Primary molars were worn to such an extent that the remained tooth structure was covered with composite resin to protect the exposed dentin. Resin-based sealant was applied in all first permanent molars. Posterior cross bite was treated with the expansion of the upper arch. CONCLUSION: The early treatment restored the patient´s vertical dimension resulting in acceptable esthetics and function for the permanent teeth to complete their eruption.
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von Marschall Z, Mok S, Phillips MD, McKnight DA, Fisher LW. Rough endoplasmic reticulum trafficking errors by different classes of mutant dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) cause dominant negative effects in both dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dysplasia by entrapping normal DSPP. J Bone Miner Res 2012; 27:1309-21. [PMID: 22392858 PMCID: PMC3390460 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.1573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Families with nonsyndromic dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) and the milder, dentin dysplasia (DD), have mutations in one allele of the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene. Because loss of a single Dspp allele in mice (and likely, humans) causes no dental phenotype, the mechanism(s) underling the dominant negative effects were investigated. DSPP mutations occur in three classes. (The first class, the mid-leader missense mutation, Y6D, was not investigated in this report.) All other 5′ mutations of DSPP result in changes/loss in the first three amino acids (isoleucine-proline-valine [IPV]) of mature DSPP or, for the A15V missense mutation, some retention of the hydrophobic leader sequence. All of this second class of mutations caused mutant DSPP to be retained in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) of transfected HEK293 cells. Trafficking out of the rER by coexpressed normal DSPP was reduced in a dose-responsive manner, probably due to formation of Ca2+-dependent complexes with the retained mutant DSPP. IPV-like sequences begin many secreted Ca2+-binding proteins, and changing the third amino acid to the charged aspartate (D) in three other acidic proteins also caused increased rER accumulation. Both the leader-retaining A15V and the long string of hydrophobic amino acids resulting from all known frameshift mutations within the 3′-encoded Ca2+-binding repeat domain (third class of mutations) caused retention by association of the mutant proteins with rER membranes. More 5′ frameshift mutations result in longer mutant hydrophobic domains, but the milder phenotype, DD, probably due to lower effectiveness of the remaining, shorter Ca2+-binding domain in capturing normal DSPP protein within the rER. This study presents evidence of a shared underlying mechanism of capturing of normal DSPP by two different classes of DSPP mutations and offers an explanation for the mild (DD-II) versus severe (DGI-II and III) nonsyndromic dentin phenotypes. Evidence is also presented that many acidic, Ca2+-binding proteins may use the same IPV-like receptor/pathway for exiting the rER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia von Marschall
- Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health/DHHS, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD, USA 20892-4320, USA
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Wang S, Mu J, Fan Z, Yu Y, Yan M, Lei G, Tang C, Wang Z, Zheng Y, Yu J, Zhang G. Insulin-like growth factor 1 can promote the osteogenic differentiation and osteogenesis of stem cells from apical papilla. Stem Cell Res 2012; 8:346-56. [PMID: 22286010 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2011.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/12/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in the regulation of tooth root development, and stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) are responsible for the formation of root pulp and dentin. To date, it remains unclear whether IGF-1 can regulate the function of SCAPs. In this study, SCAPs were isolated and purified from human immature root apex, and stimulated by 100 ng/mL exogenous IGF-1. The effects of IGF-1 on the proliferation and differentiation of SCAPs were subsequently investigated. IGF-1 treated SCAPs presented the morphological and ultrastructural changes. Cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization capacity of SCAPs were increased by IGF-1. Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR analyses further demonstrated that the expression of osteogenic-related proteins and genes (e.g., alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, osterix, and osteocalcin) was significantly up-regulated in IGF-1 treated SCAPs, whereas the expression of odontoblast-specific markers (e.g., dentin sialoprotein and dentin sialophosphoprotein) was down-regulated by IGF-1. In vivo results revealed that IGF-1 treated SCAPs mostly gave birth to bone-like tissues while untreated SCAPs mainly generated dentin-pulp complex-like structures after transplantation. The present study revealed that IGF-1 can promote the osteogenic differentiation and osteogenesis capacity of SCAPs, but weaken their odontogenic differentiation and dentinogenesis capability, indicating that IGF-1 treated SCAPs can be used as a potential candidate for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Wang
- Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
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Hereditary dentine diseases resulting from mutations in DSPP gene. J Dent 2012; 40:542-8. [PMID: 22521702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review groups the newest results of molecular analyses of DSPP gene for patients diagnosed either with dentinogenesis imperfecta type II/III or dentine dysplasia and tries to link the phenotypes with specific mutations in the DSPP gene. DATA The review includes biochemical data introducing a specificity of DSPP protein which justifies it as a critical factor for dentine mineralization and maturation. The majority of the review analyzes mutations in the DSPP gene which result in phenotypes of dentinogenesis imperfecta types II or/and III or dentine dysplasia. SOURCES An electronic search was conducted in the databases of Pub Med and supplemented by manual study of relevant references. STUDY SELECTION 52 out of 108 references were finally selected for the review based on the novelty and/or originality of data. CONCLUSION Hereditary dentine disorders dentinogenesis imperfecta type II/III and dentine dysplasia are currently proposed to be one disease with distinct clinical manifestations reflecting various mutations in the same DSPP gene. For years both disorders were linked exclusively to mutations in the DSP code but a growing number of papers describe mutations which manifest a similar phenotype but are localized in the strongly repetitive sequence of the 3' terminus of the DSPP which codes DPP protein. Our search suggests that the localization of mutation in the sequence of the DSPP gene might result in a different phenotype due to the diverse cellular fate of the mutated protein. Thus comprehensive research on the cellular fate and processing of both normal and mutated DSPP is still required.
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Wang X, Willing MC, Marazita ML, Wendell S, Warren JJ, Broffitt B, Smith B, Busch T, Lidral AC, Levy SM. Genetic and environmental factors associated with dental caries in children: the Iowa Fluoride Study. Caries Res 2012; 46:177-84. [PMID: 22508493 PMCID: PMC3580152 DOI: 10.1159/000337282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries remains the most common chronic childhood disease. Despite strong evidence of genetic components, there have been few studies of candidate genes and caries. In this analysis we tried to assess genetic and environmental factors contributing to childhood caries in the Iowa Fluoride Study. Environmental factors (age, sex, race, tooth-brushing frequencies and water fluoride level) and three dental caries scores (d(2)fs-total, d(2)fs-pit/fissure, and d(2)fs-smooth surface) were assessed in 575 unrelated children (mean age 5.2 years). Regression analyses were applied to assess environmental correlates. The Family-Based Association Test was used to test genetic associations for 23 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in 7 caries candidate genes on 333 Caucasian parent-child trios. We evaluated the associations between caries status and the level of both single and multiple SNPs (haplotype) respectively. Permutation procedure was performed for correction of inflated type I errors due to multiple testing. Age, tooth-brushing frequency and water fluoride level were significantly correlated to at least one carious score. Caries on pit and fissure surfaces was substantially higher than on smooth surfaces (61 vs. 39%). SNPs in three genes (DSPP, KLK4 and AQP5) showed consistent associations with protection against caries. Of note, KLK4 and AQP5 were also highlighted by subsequent haplotype analysis. Our results support the concept that genes can modify the susceptibility of caries in children. Replication analysis in independent cohorts is highly needed in order to verify the validity of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsuburgh, PA, 15219
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261
| | - Marcia C. Willing
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110
| | - Mary L. Marazita
- Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsuburgh, PA, 15219
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261
| | - Steve Wendell
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261
| | - John J. Warren
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Barbara Broffitt
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Brian Smith
- Dental Student, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA, 52242
| | - Tamara Busch
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Andrew C. Lidral
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Steven M. Levy
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa Iowa City, IA 52242
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Li D, Du X, Zhang R, Shen B, Huang Y, Valenzuela RK, Wang B, Zhao H, Liu Z, Li J, Xu Z, Gao L, Ma J. Mutation identification of the DSPP in a Chinese family with DGI-II and an up-to-date bioinformatic analysis. Genomics 2012; 99:220-6. [PMID: 22310900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2012.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, through linkage analysis of a four-generation Chinese family with multiple members afflicted with DGI (type II), we identified a novel missense mutation in DSPP. The mutation was located in exon 2 at the second nucleotide position of the last codon and resulted in a substitution of a proline with a leucine residue (c.50C>T, p.P17L, g.50C>T). To assess the potential effects of this novel mutation, we utilized various bioinformatics analysis programs. The results indicate that the mutation likely affects protein cleavage/trafficking. We also analyzed previously reported mutations of DSPP. In summary, our finding supports that the genomic sequence that corresponds to the P17 residue of DSPP is a mutational hotspot and P17 may be critical for the function of DSPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxu Li
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, PR China
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Wang SK, Chan HC, Rajderkar S, Milkovich RN, Uston KA, Kim JW, Simmer JP, Hu JCC. Enamel malformations associated with a defined dentin sialophosphoprotein mutation in two families. Eur J Oral Sci 2011; 119 Suppl 1:158-67. [PMID: 22243242 PMCID: PMC3266624 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2011.00874.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) mutations cause dentin dysplasia type II (DD-II) and dentinogenesis imperfecta types II and III (DGI-II and DGI-III, respectively). We identified two kindreds with DGI-II who exhibited vertical bands of hypoplastic enamel. Both families had a previously reported DSPP mutation that segregated with the disease phenotype. Oral photographs and dental radiographs of four affected and one unaffected participant in one family and of the proband in the second family were used to document the dental phenotypes. We aligned the 33 unique allelic DSPP sequences showing variable patterns of insertions and deletions (indels), generated a merged dentin phosphoprotein (DPP) sequence that includes sequences from all DSPP length haplotypes, and mapped the known DSPP mutations in this context. Analyses of the DSPP sequence changes and their probable effects on protein expression, as well as published findings of the dental phenotype in Dspp null mice, support the hypothesis that all DSPP mutations cause pathology through dominant-negative effects. Noting that Dspp is transiently expressed by mouse pre-ameloblasts during formation of the dentino-enamel junction, we hypothesize that DSPP dominant-negative effects potentially cause cellular pathology in pre-ameloblasts that, in turn, causes enamel defects. We conclude that enamel defects can be part of the dental phenotype caused by DSPP mutations, although DSPP is not critical for dental enamel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Kai Wang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48108
- Oral Health Sciences program, University of Michigan School of Dentistry; 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Hui-Chen Chan
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48108
| | - Sudha Rajderkar
- Oral Health Sciences program, University of Michigan School of Dentistry; 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Rachel N. Milkovich
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48108
| | - Karen A. Uston
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48109
| | - Jung-Wook Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 275-1 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-768, Korea
| | - James P. Simmer
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48108
| | - Jan C-C. Hu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI, USA 48108
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A novel splicing mutation alters DSPP transcription and leads to dentinogenesis imperfecta type II. PLoS One 2011; 6:e27982. [PMID: 22125647 PMCID: PMC3220712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) type II is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by a serious disorders in teeth. Mutations of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene were revealed to be the causation of DGI type II (DGI-II). In this study, we identified a novel mutation (NG_011595.1:g.8662T>C, c.135+2T>C) lying in the splice donor site of intron 3 of DSPP gene in a Chinese Han DGI-II pedigree. It was found in all affected subjects but not in unaffected ones or other unrelated healthy controls. The function of the mutant DSPP gene, which was predicted online and subsequently confirmed by in vitro splicing analysis, was the loss of splicing of intron 3, leading to the extended length of DSPP mRNA. For the first time, the functional non-splicing of intron was revealed in a novel DSPP mutation and was considered as the causation of DGI-II. It was also indicated that splicing was of key importance to the function of DSPP and this splice donor site might be a sensitive mutation hot spot. Our findings combined with other reports would facilitate the genetic diagnosis of DGI-II, shed light on its gene therapy and help to finally conquer human diseases.
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Lee KE, Kang HY, Lee SK, Yoo SH, Lee JC, Hwang YH, Nam KH, Kim JS, Park JC, Kim JW. Novel dentin phosphoprotein frameshift mutations in dentinogenesis imperfecta type II. Clin Genet 2011; 79:378-84. [PMID: 20618350 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01483.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene encodes the most abundant non-collagenous protein in tooth dentin and DSPP protein is cleaved into several segments including the highly phosphorylated dentin phosphoprotein (DPP). Mutations in the DSPP gene have been solely related to non-syndromic form of hereditary dentin defects. We recruited three Korean families with dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) type II and sequenced the exons and exon-intron boundaries of the DSPP gene based on the candidate gene approach. Direct sequencing of PCR products and allele-specific cloning of the highly repetitive exon 5 revealed novel single base pair (bp) deletional mutations (c.2688delT and c.3560delG) introducing hydrophobic amino acids in the hydrophilic repeat domain of the DPP coding region. All affected members of the three families showed exceptionally rapid pulp chambers obliteration, even before tooth eruption. Individuals with the c.3560delG mutation showed only mild, yellowish tooth discoloration, in contrast to the affected individuals from two families with c.2688delT mutation. We believe that these results will help us to understand the molecular pathogenesis of DGI type II as well as the normal process of dentin biomineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-E Lee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology & Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Lee KE, Lee SK, Jung SE, Lee Z, Kim JW. Functional splicing assay of DSPP mutations in hereditary dentin defects. Oral Dis 2011; 17:690-5. [PMID: 21736673 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01825.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene mutations have been identified in isolated hereditary dentin defects; however, the genotype-phenotype correlations are poorly understood. We performed in vitro splicing assays to test the hypothesis that DSPP mutations in splice junctions as well as proposed missense/nonsense mutations experimentally result in aberrant pre-mRNA splicing. MATERIALS AND METHODS The genomic fragment of the human DSPP gene was cloned into the pSPL3 splicing vector, and previously reported as well as informative de novo mutations were then introduced by PCR mutagenesis. The COS-7 cells were transfected with each plasmid vector, and total RNA was isolated. RT-PCR result was analyzed, and the band intensity of the product was calibrated using ImageJ. RESULTS The predictions by others of exon 3 skipping in specific DSPP mutations have been validated and a cryptic splicing donor site has been identified. However, the degree of mutational effect on pre-mRNA splicing varied considerably depending on the changed nucleotide. CONCLUSIONS The predictions of exon 3 skipping in specific DSPP mutations have been validated, and a cryptic splicing donor site has been identified. Our data may provide insight into the contribution of DSPP mutations in the pathogenesis and genotype-phenotype correlations of hereditary dentin defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-E Lee
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Yamakoshi Y, Nagano T, Hu JC, Yamakoshi F, Simmer JP. Porcine dentin sialoprotein glycosylation and glycosaminoglycan attachments. BMC BIOCHEMISTRY 2011; 12:6. [PMID: 21291557 PMCID: PMC3039539 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2091-12-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp) is a multidomain, secreted protein that is critical for the formation of tooth dentin. Mutations in DSPP cause inherited dentin defects categorized as dentin dysplasia type II and dentinogenesis imperfecta type II and type III. Dentin sialoprotein (Dsp), the N-terminal domain of dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), is a highly glycosylated proteoglycan, but little is known about the number, character, and attachment sites of its carbohydrate moieties. Results To identify its carbohydrate attachment sites we isolated Dsp from developing porcine molars and digested it with endoproteinase Glu-C or pronase, fractionated the digestion products, identified fractions containing glycosylated peptides using a phenol sulfuric acid assay, and characterized the glycopeptides by N-terminal sequencing, amino acid analyses, or LC/MSMS. To determine the average number of sialic acid attachments per N-glycosylation, we digested Dsp with glycopeptidase A, labeled the released N-glycosylations with 2-aminobenzoic acid, and quantified the moles of released glycosylations by comparison to labeled standards of known concentration. Sialic acid was released by sialidase digestion and quantified by measuring β-NADH reduction of pyruvic acid, which was generated stoichiometrically from sialic acid by aldolase. To determine its forms, sialic acid released by sialidase digestion was labeled with 1,2-diamino-4,5-methyleneoxybenzene (DMB) and compared to a DMB-labeled sialic acid reference panel by RP-HPLC. To determine the composition of Dsp glycosaminoglycan (GAG) attachments, we digested Dsp with chondroitinase ABC and compared the chromotagraphic profiles of the released disaccharides to commercial standards. N-glycosylations were identified at Asn37, Asn77, Asn136, Asn155, Asn161, and Asn176. Dsp averages one sialic acid per N-glycosylation, which is always in the form of N-acetylneuraminic acid. O-glycosylations were tentatively assigned at Thr200, Thr216 and Thr316. Porcine Dsp GAG attachments were found at Ser238 and Ser250 and were comprised of chondroitin 6-sulfate and chondroitin 4-sulfate in a ratio of 7 to 3, respectively. Conclusions The distribution of porcine Dsp posttranslational modifications indicate that porcine Dsp has an N-terminal domain with at least six N-glycosylations and a C-terminal domain with two GAG attachments and at least two O-glycosylations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Yamakoshi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1210 Eisenhower Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
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Wang P, He W, Ni L. Bilateral cracked permanent first molars in dentinogenesis imperfecta type II: A case report. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0917-2394(11)70228-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lee SK, Lee KE, Hwang YH, Kida M, Tsutsumi T, Ariga T, Park JC, Kim JW. Identification of the DSPP mutation in a new kindred and phenotype-genotype correlation. Oral Dis 2010; 17:314-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01760.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Gluhak-Heinrich J, Guo D, Yang W, Harris MA, Lichtler A, Kream B, Zhang J, Feng JQ, Smith LC, Dechow P, Harris SE. New roles and mechanism of action of BMP4 in postnatal tooth cytodifferentiation. Bone 2010; 46:1533-45. [PMID: 20206312 PMCID: PMC2875306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2010.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During the phase of overt tooth cytodifferentiation that occurs after birth in the mouse and using the 3.6Collagen1a-Cre and the BMP4 floxed and BMP4 knockout mice, the BMP4 gene was deleted in early collagen producing odontoblasts around postnatal day 1. BMP4 expression was reduced over 90% in alveolar osteoblasts and odontoblasts. There was decreased rate of predentin to dentin formation and decreased mature odontoblast differentiation reflected in reduced DMP1 expression and proper dentinal tubule formation, as well as reduced Collagen type I and Osteocalcin expression. We observed mutant dysmorphogenic odontoblasts that failed to properly elongate and differentiate. The consequence of this failed differentiation process leads to permanent loss of dentin thickness, apparent enlarged pulp chambers in the molars and reduced bone supporting the tooth structures in mice as old as 10-12 months. Deletion of the BMP4 gene in odontoblasts also indirectly disrupted the process of enamel formation that persisted throughout life. The mechanism for this altered differentiation program in the absence of the BMP4 gene in odontoblasts is from decreased BMP signaling, and decreased expression of three key transcription factors, Dlx3, Dlx5, and Osterix. BMP signaling, as well as Dlx3 and Amelogenin expression, is also indirectly reduced in the ameloblasts of the odontoblast BMP4 cKO mice. This supports a key paracrine or endocrine postnatal role of odontoblast derived BMP4 on the proper amelogenesis and formation of the enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gluhak-Heinrich
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
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Kida M, Tsutsumi T, Shindoh M, Ikeda H, Ariga T. De novo mutation in the DSPP gene associated with dentinogenesis imperfecta type II in a Japanese family. Eur J Oral Sci 2010; 117:691-4. [PMID: 20121932 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2009.00683.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DGI) type II is one of the most common dominantly inherited dentin defects, in which both the primary and permanent teeth are affected. Here, we report a Japanese family with autosomal-dominant DGI type II, including both molecular genetic defects and pathogenesis with histological analysis. Mutation analysis revealed a mutation (c.53T>A, p.V18D, g.1192T>A) involving the second nucleotide of the first codon within exon 3 of the dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) gene. This mutation has previously been reported in a Korean family. Thus far, 24 allelic DSPP mutations have been reported, and this is the seventh mutation involving the DSPP V18 residue. Among those, only one other was shown to be caused by a de novo mutation, and that mutation also affected the V18 amino acid residue. The DSPP V18 residue is highly conserved among other mammalian species. These findings thus suggest that the V18 amino acid might be a sensitive mutational hot spot, playing a critical role in the pathogenesis of DGI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Kida
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Bai H, Agula H, Wu Q, Zhou W, Sun Y, Qi Y, Latu S, Chen Y, Mutu J, Qiu C. A novel DSPP mutation causes dentinogenesis imperfecta type II in a large Mongolian family. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2010; 11:23. [PMID: 20146806 PMCID: PMC2829541 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-11-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 02/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have shown that the clinical phenotypes of dentinogenesis imperfecta type II (DGI-II) may be caused by mutations in dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). However, no previous studies have documented the clinical phenotype and genetic basis of DGI-II in a Mongolian family from China. METHODS We identified a large five-generation Mongolian family from China with DGI-II, comprising 64 living family members of whom 22 were affected. Linkage analysis of five polymorphic markers flanking DSPP gene was used to genotype the families and to construct the haplotypes of these families. All five DSPP exons including the intron-exon boundaries were PCR-amplified and sequenced in 48 members of this large family. RESULTS All affected individuals showed discoloration and severe attrition of their teeth, with obliterated pulp chambers and without progressive high frequency hearing loss or skeletal abnormalities. No recombination was found at five polymorphic markers flanking DSPP in the family. Direct DNA sequencing identified a novel A-->G transition mutation adjacent to the donor splicing site within intron 3 in all affected individuals but not in the unaffected family members and 50 unrelated Mongolian individuals. CONCLUSION This study identified a novel mutation (IVS3+3A-->G) in DSPP, which caused DGI-II in a large Mongolian family. This expands the spectrum of mutations leading to DGI-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Bai
- Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot, China
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