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Lisboa MRP, Pereira AF, Alves BWDF, Dias DBS, Alves LCV, da Silva CMP, Lima-Júnior RCP, Gondim DV, Vale ML. Blockage of the fractalkine pathway reduces hyperalgesia and prevents morphological glial alterations-Comparison between inflammatory and neuropathic orofacial pain in male rats. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25269. [PMID: 38284851 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of inhibitors of the fractalkine pathway in hyperalgesia in inflammatory and neuropathic orofacial pain in male rats and the morphological changes in microglia and satellite glial cells (SGCs). Rats were submitted to zymosan-induced arthritis of the temporomandibular joint or infraorbital nerve constriction, and treated intrathecally with a P2 X7 antagonist, a cathepsin S inhibitor or a p-38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor. Mechanical hyperalgesia was evaluated 4 and 6 h following arthritis induction or 7 and 14 days following nerve ligation. The expression of the receptor CX3 CR1 , phospho-p-38 MAPK, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1), and glutamine synthetase and the morphological changes in microglia and SGCs were evaluated by confocal microscopy. In both inflammatory and neuropathic models, untreated animals presented a higher expression of CX3 CR1 and developed hyperalgesia and up-regulation of phospho-p-38 MAPK, which was prevented by all drugs (p < .05). The number of microglial processes endpoints and the total branch length were lower in the untreated animals, but the overall immunolabeling of Iba-1 was altered only in neuropathic rats (p < .05). The mean area of SGCs per neuron was significantly altered only in the inflammatory model (p < .05). All morphological alterations were reverted by modulating the fractalkine pathway (p < .05). In conclusion, the blockage of the fractalkine pathway seemed to be a possible therapeutic strategy for inflammatory and neuropathic orofacial pain, reducing mechanical hyperalgesia by impairing the phosphorylation of p-38 MAPK and reverting morphological alterations in microglia and SGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Roberto Pontes Lisboa
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Graduation in Dentistry, Christus University Center, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Anamaria Falcão Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Diego Bernarde Souza Dias
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Roberto César Pereira Lima-Júnior
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Delane Viana Gondim
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lima Vale
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Drug Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Wang S, Jiang H, Qi H, Luo D, Qiu T, Hu M. Association between periodontitis and temporomandibular joint disorders. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:143. [PMID: 37550788 PMCID: PMC10408055 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis (PD) may affect temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and TMD may influence PD in previous observational studies. Nevertheless, these studies were prone to confounders and reverse causation, leading to incorrect conclusions about causality and direction of association. This research investigates the associations between PD and TMD employing bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to PD (p < 5 × 10-6) were selected from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) from the Gene-Lifestyle Interaction in the Dental Endpoints (GLIDE) consortium, and related these to SNPs from FinnGen and UK Biobank (UKB) consortia, and vice versa. We implemented the standard inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WM), MR-Egger regression, and MR-PRESSO methods to estimate the potential causality between PD and TMD. Sensitive tests were conducted using robust MR methods. Results from FinnGen and UKB were combined using the fixed model. RESULTS PD did not appear to causally affect TMD. Additionally, the reverse MR analysis did not reveal a significant causal effect of TMD on PD. The results of other MR methods were similar to those of the IVW method. Sensitivity analyses addressed no potential pleiotropy in MR estimations. Results from the meta-analysis were consistent with the above-mentioned consequences. CONCLUSION This research does not support a causal relationship between PD and TMD. PD does not appear to worsen TMD directly, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaotai Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Huan Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Huichuan Qi
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Danfeng Luo
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Tianyuan Qiu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Yi Y, Zhou X, Xiong X, Wang J. Neuroimmune interactions in painful TMD: Mechanisms and treatment implications. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 110:553-563. [PMID: 34322892 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mr0621-731rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms and treatment of painful temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are important but understudied topics in craniofacial research. As a group of musculoskeletal diseases, the onset of painful TMD is proved to be a result of disturbance of multiple systems. Recently, emerging evidence has revealed the involvement of neuroimmune interactions in painful TMD. Inflammatory factors play an important role in peripheral sensitization of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and neurogenic inflammation in turn enhances TMJs dysfunction in TMD. Furthermore, centralized neuroimmune communications contribute to neuron excitability amplification, leading to pain sensitization, and is also responsible for chronic TMD pain and other CNS symptoms. Therapeutics targeting neuroimmune interactions may shed light on new approaches for treating TMD. In this review, we will discuss the role of neuroimmune interactions in the onset of painful TMD from the peripheral and centralized perspectives, and how understanding this mechanism could provide new treatment options. Insights into the neuroimmune interactions within TMJs and painful TMD would broaden the knowledge of mechanisms and treatments of this multifactorial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xueman Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14 Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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de Freitas Rodrigues A, de Oliveira Martins D, Chacur M, Luz JGC. The effectiveness of photobiomodulation in the management of temporomandibular pain sensitivity in rats: behavioral and neurochemical effects. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:447-453. [PMID: 31292820 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02842-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzed the effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) with low-level laser therapy on nociceptive behavior and neuronal activity in the trigeminal nucleus after experimental unilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc injury. The animals were divided into 4 groups (n = 10 each): group 1, surgical injury of the articular disc and PBM; group 2, sham-operated subjected to PBM; group 3, surgical injury of the articular disc; and group 4, control (Naïve). Ten sessions of PBM were performed using GaAs laser with a wavelength of 904 nm, power of 75 W pico, average power of 0.043 W, area of the beam of 0.13 cm2, duration of the pulses of 60 nseg (in the frequency of 9500 Hz), energy density of 5.95 J/cm2, energy per point of 0.7 J, and power density of 333.8 mW/cm2, and the irradiation was done for 18 s per point. Neuropathic symptoms were evaluated using the von Frey test. Trigeminal ganglion samples underwent immunoblotting to examine the expression of substance P, vanilloid transient potential receptor of subtype-1 (TRPV-1), and peptide related to the calcitonin gene (CGRP). There was a total decrease in pain sensitivity after the second session of PBM in operated animals, and this decrease remains until the last session. There was a significant decrease in the expression of SP, TRPV-1, and CGRP after PBM. Photobiomodulation therapy was effective in reducing nociceptive behavior and trigeminal nucleus neuronal activity after TMJ disc injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex de Freitas Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroanatomy of Pain, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Oliveira Martins
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroanatomy of Pain, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marucia Chacur
- Laboratory of Functional Neuroanatomy of Pain, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Gualberto C Luz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
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de Araújo JCB, Gondim DV, Cavalcante ALC, Lisboa MRP, de Castro Brito GA, Vale ML. Inflammatory pain assessment in the arthritis of the temporomandibular joint in rats: A comparison between two phlogistic agents. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2017; 88:100-108. [PMID: 28797764 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are a group of conditions that result in TMJ pain, which frequently limits basic daily activities. Experimental models that allow the study of the mechanisms underlying these inflammatory and pain conditions are of great clinical relevance. The aim of this study was to evaluate nociception, inflammation and participation of the macrophage/microglia cells in the arthritis of the TMJ induced by two phlogistic agents. 84 rats were divided into 2 groups: Zy, which received zymosan intra-articularly, or Cg, which received carrageenan intra-articularly. Mechanical nociception, total leukocyte influx to the synovial fluid and histopathological analyses were evaluated in the TMJ. The participation of macrophage/microglia located in trigeminal ganglia (TG) and in the subnucleus caudalis (V-SnC) was assessed immunohistochemically. Both agents induced mechanical hyperalgesia 6h after the induction, but a more persistent algesic state was perceived in the Cg group, which lasted for 120h. Even though both groups presented increased leukocyte influx, the Zy-group presented a more intense influx. Zymosan recruited resident macrophage in the trigeminal ganglia 24h after the injection. In the V-SnC, the group Cg presented a more prolonged immunolabeling pattern in comparison with the group Zy. It can be concluded that zymosan induced a more intense infiltrate and peripheral nervous changes, while Cg lead to a moderate TMJ inflammation with prominent changes in the V-SnC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Delane Viana Gondim
- Morphofunctional Sciences Post Graduation Program, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Cunha Cavalcante
- Medical Sciences Post Graduation Program, Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Mario Roberto Pontes Lisboa
- Morphofunctional Sciences Post Graduation Program, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne de Castro Brito
- Morphofunctional Sciences Post Graduation Program, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Mariana Lima Vale
- Pharmacology Post Graduation Program, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil; Morphofunctional Sciences Post Graduation Program, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
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Effect of tryptase inhibition on joint inflammation: a pharmacological and lentivirus-mediated gene transfer study. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19:124. [PMID: 28587618 PMCID: PMC5461776 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-017-1326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidences indicate that an unbalance between tryptases and their endogenous inhibitors, leading to an increased proteolytic activity, is implicated in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of tryptase inhibition on experimental arthritis. Methods Analysis of gene expression and regulation in the mouse knee joint was performed by RT-qPCR and in situ hybridization. Arthritis was induced in male C57BL/6 mice with mBSA/IL-1β. Tryptase was inhibited by two approaches: a lentivirus-mediated heterologous expression of the human endogenous tryptase inhibitor, sperm-associated antigen 11B isoform C (hSPAG11B/C), or a chronic treatment with the synthetic tryptase inhibitor APC366. Several inflammatory parameters were evaluated, such as oedema formation, histopathology, production of IL-1β, -6, -17A and CXCL1/KC, myeloperoxidase and tryptase-like activities. Results Spag11c was constitutively expressed in chondrocytes and cells from the synovial membrane in mice, but its expression did not change 7 days after the induction of arthritis, while tryptase expression and activity were upregulated. The intra-articular transduction of animals with the lentivirus phSPAG11B/C or the treatment with APC366 inhibited the increase of tryptase-like activity, the late phase of oedema formation, the production of IL-6 and CXCL1/KC. In contrast, neutrophil infiltration, degeneration of hyaline cartilage and erosion of subchondral bone were not affected. Conclusions Tryptase inhibition was effective in inhibiting some inflammatory parameters associated to mBSA/IL-1β-induced arthritis, notably late phase oedema formation and IL-6 production, but not neutrophil infiltration and joint degeneration. These results suggest that the therapeutic application of tryptase inhibitors to rheumatoid arthritis would be restrained to palliative care, but not as disease-modifying drugs. Finally, this study highlighted lentivirus-based gene delivery as an instrumental tool to study the relevance of target genes in synovial joint physiology and disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-017-1326-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Zhu P, Lin H, Zhou Q, Lv J, Zhang Z, Xu Y. Dynamic Evaluation of Lavage Efficacy in Upper Compartment of the Temporomandibular Joint. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 75:276-283. [PMID: 27663533 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the most efficient temporomandibular joint (TMJ) lavage technique for complete irrigation and removal of synovial fluid. The corresponding total lavage fluid volume needed also was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three-dimensional TMJ lavage models of the classic double- and single-needle techniques with modified cannula sizes (diameters, 2.4 and 0.8 mm) were generated based on a constructed upper compartment model. Models were integrated with 2-phase flow models to predict fractional fluid volume (α value) changes of lavage saline and synovial fluid within the upper compartment of the TMJ. Fluid flow diagrams, velocity vectors, and intra-articular pressure data were collected and compared among the models. Models were validated by clinical synovial fluid concentration analyses, with vitamin B12 used as an internal standard. RESULTS In all 8 models, lavage fluid initially gathered around the inflow portal, with a stable mixture of synovial and lavage fluids eventually being established in the compartment. Use of the double-needle technique with a large inflow portal resulted in thorough lavage (α = 100%). When the single-needle or Shepard cannula technique was used, some areas within the upper compartment remained devoid of brisk flow. The 2.4-mm inflow model coupled with a 0.8-mm outflow portal resulted in a stably and persistently high intra-articular pressure (>2.7 × 104 Pa). A minimum volume of 109 mL of lavage fluid was necessary for complete replacement of synovial fluid by saline. CONCLUSIONS When a 2.4-mm inflow portal needle was applied, a lavage rate of 100% was obtained with a minimum lavage volume of 109 mL. Using a small inflow portal could lead to inadequate flow, residual synovial fluid, and, ultimately, treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhu
- Dental Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Lin
- Dental Student, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Professor, Zhuhai Central Station of Marine Environmental Monitoring, State Oceanic Administration, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jiahong Lv
- Dental Student, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhang
- Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China.
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Cenac N, Bautzova T, Le Faouder P, Veldhuis NA, Poole DP, Rolland C, Bertrand J, Liedtke W, Dubourdeau M, Bertrand-Michel J, Zecchi L, Stanghellini V, Bunnett NW, Barbara G, Vergnolle N. Quantification and Potential Functions of Endogenous Agonists of Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Gastroenterology 2015; 149:433-44.e7. [PMID: 25911511 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In mice, activation of the transient receptor potential cation channels (TRP) TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPA1 causes visceral hypersensitivity. These receptors and their agonists might be involved in development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We investigated whether polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolites, which activate TRPs, are present in colon tissues from patients with IBS and act as endogenous agonists to induce hypersensitivity. METHODS We analyzed colon biopsy samples from 40 patients with IBS (IBS biopsies) and 11 healthy individuals undergoing colorectal cancer screening (controls), collected during colonoscopy at the University of Bologna, Italy. Levels of the PUFA metabolites that activate TRPV1 (12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 15-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and leukotriene B4), TRPV4 (5,6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid [EET] and 8,9-EET), and TRPA1 (PGA1, 8-iso-prostaglandin A2, and 15-deoxy-Δ-prostaglandin J2) were measured in biopsies and their supernatants using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry; we also measured levels of the PUFA metabolites prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and resolvins. C57Bl6 mice were given intrathecal injections of small interfering RNAs to reduce levels of TRPV4, or control small interfering RNAs, along with colonic injections of biopsy supernatants; visceral hypersensitivity was measured based on response to colorectal distension. Mouse sensory neurons were cultured and incubated with biopsy supernatants and lipids extracted from biopsies or colons of mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect TRPV4 in human dorsal root ganglia samples (from the National Disease Research Interchange). RESULTS Levels of the TRPV4 agonist 5,6-EET, but not levels of TRPV1 or TRPA1 agonists, were increased in IBS biopsies compared with controls; increases correlated with pain and bloating scores. Supernatants from IBS biopsies, but not from controls, induced visceral hypersensitivity in mice. Small interfering RNA knockdown of TRPV4 in mouse primary afferent neurons inhibited the hypersensitivity caused by supernatants from IBS biopsies. Levels of 5,6-EET and 15-HETE were increased in colons of mice with, but not without, visceral hypersensitivity. PUFA metabolites extracted from IBS biopsies or colons of mice with visceral hypersensitivity activated mouse sensory neurons in vitro, by activating TRPV4. Mouse sensory neurons exposed to supernatants from IBS biopsies produced 5,6-EET via a mechanism that involved the proteinase-activated receptor-2 and cytochrome epoxygenase. In human dorsal root ganglia, TPV4 was expressed by 35% of neurons. CONCLUSIONS Colon tissues from patients with IBS have increased levels of specific PUFA metabolites. These stimulate sensory neurons from mice and generate visceral hypersensitivity via activation of TRPV4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Cenac
- Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France
| | - Tereza Bautzova
- Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France
| | - Pauline Le Faouder
- Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France; Inserm U1048, Toulouse, France; Lipidomic Core Facility, Metatoul Platform, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Daniel P Poole
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Corinne Rolland
- Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France
| | - Jessica Bertrand
- Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France
| | - Wolfgang Liedtke
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- Inserm U1048, Toulouse, France; Lipidomic Core Facility, Metatoul Platform, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Lisa Zecchi
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Stanghellini
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nigel W Bunnett
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Giovanni Barbara
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nathalie Vergnolle
- Inserm, U1043, Toulouse, France; CNRS, U5282, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan (CPTP), Toulouse, France; University of Calgary, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Abstract
Proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) are a family of G protein-coupled receptor that are activated by extracellular cleavage of the receptor in the N-terminal domain. This slicing of the receptor exposes a tethered ligand which binds to a specific docking point on the receptor surface to initiate intracellular signalling. PARs are expressed by numerous tissues in the body, and they are involved in various physiological and pathological processes such as food digestion, tissue remodelling and blood coagulation. This chapter will summarise how serine proteinases activate PARs leading to the development of pain in several chronic pain conditions. The potential of PARs as a drug target for pain relief is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason J McDougall
- Departments of Pharmacology and Anaesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 4R2,
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Abstract
Targeted therapy to prevent the progression from acute to chronic pain in cancer patients remains elusive. We developed three novel cancer models in mice that together recapitulate the anatomical, temporal, and functional characteristics of acute and chronic head and neck cancer pain in humans. Using pharmacologic and genetic approaches in these novel cancer models, we identified the interaction between protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) and serine proteases to be of central importance. We show that serine proteases such as trypsin induce acute cancer pain in a PAR2-dependent manner. Chronic cancer pain is associated with elevated serine proteases in the cancer microenvironment and PAR2 upregulation in peripheral nerves. Serine protease inhibition greatly reduces the severity of persistent cancer pain in wild-type mice, but most strikingly, the development of chronic cancer pain is prevented in PAR2-deficient mice. Our results demonstrate a direct role for PAR2 in acute cancer pain and suggest that PAR2 upregulation may favor the development and maintenance of chronic cancer pain. Targeting the PAR2-serine protease interaction is a promising approach to the treatment of acute cancer pain and prevention of chronic cancer pain.
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Damico JP, Ervolino E, Torres KR, Sabino Batagello D, Cruz-Rizzolo RJ, Aparecido Casatti C, Arruda Bauer J. Phenotypic alterations of neuropeptide Y and calcitonin gene-related peptide-containing neurons innervating the rat temporomandibular joint during carrageenan-induced arthritis. Eur J Histochem 2012; 56:e31. [PMID: 23027347 PMCID: PMC3493977 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2012.e31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify immunoreactive neuropeptide Y (NPY) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) neurons in the autonomic and sensory ganglia, specifically neurons that innervate the rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A possible variation between the percentages of these neurons in acute and chronic phases of carrageenan-induced arthritis was examined. Retrograde neuronal tracing was combined with indirect immunofluorescence to identify NPY-immunoreactive (NPY-IR) and CGRP- immunoreactive (CGRP-IR) neurons that send nerve fibers to the normal and arthritic temporomandibular joint. In normal joints, NPY-IR neurons constitute 78±3%, 77±6% and 10±4% of double-labeled nucleated neuronal profile originated from the superior cervical, stellate and otic ganglia, respectively. These percentages in the sympathetic ganglia were significantly decreased in acute (58±2% for superior cervical ganglion and 58±8% for stellate ganglion) and chronic (60±2% for superior cervical ganglion and 59±15% for stellate ganglion) phases of arthritis, while in the otic ganglion these percentages were significantly increased to 19±5% and 13±3%, respectively. In the trigeminal ganglion, CGRP-IR neurons innervating the joint significantly increased from 31±3% in normal animals to 54±2% and 49±3% in the acute and chronic phases of arthritis, respectively. It can be concluded that NPY neurons that send nerve fibers to the rat temporomandibular joint are located mainly in the superior cervical, stellate and otic ganglia. Acute and chronic phases of carrageenan-induced arthritis lead to an increase in the percentage of NPY-IR parasympathetic and CGRP-IR sensory neurons and to a decrease in the percentage of NPY-IR sympathetic neurons related to TMJ innervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Damico
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences,University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Denadai-Souza A, Martin L, de Paula MAV, de Avellar MCW, Muscará MN, Vergnolle N, Cenac N. Role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 in rat joint inflammation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:1848-58. [DOI: 10.1002/art.34345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Gondim DV, Costa JL, Rocha SS, Brito GADC, Ribeiro RDA, Vale ML. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of electroacupuncture on experimental arthritis of the rat temporomandibular joint. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:395-405. [PMID: 22443108 DOI: 10.1139/y2012-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on zymosan-induced acute arthritis of the rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Male Wistar rats were injected with saline or zymosan (control group; 2 mg) into the left TMJ. Low frequency EA (10 Hz, 30 min) was performed at acupoints (LI4, LI11, ST36, ST44) or sham points 2 h after or 1 h before zymosan administration. Mechanical hypernociception was accessed by the electronic Von Frey method after zymosan administration. Rats were sacrificed 6 h after zymosan administration and the joint was removed for histopathological analysis, myeloperoxidase activity assessment, vascular permeability observations, and immunohistochemical verification of inflammatory mediators. The results showed that EA inhibited zymosan-induced hypernociception, compared with the control group and with the sham group (p < 0.05). The results showed that EA inhibited inflammatory parameters such as neutrophil migration, vascular permeability, and tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in the TMJ compared with the sham group (p < 0.05). Histopathological analysis showed that EA significantly inhibited edema and periarticular infiltration (p < 0.05) compared with the control and sham groups. EA at acupoints produced antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects on zymosan-induced arthritis in the rat TMJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delane Viana Gondim
- Medical Sciences Post-Graduation, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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