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Ma Y, Wang S, Wang H, Chen X, Shuai Y, Wang H, Mao Y, He F. Mesenchymal stem cells and dental implant osseointegration during aging: from mechanisms to therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:382. [PMID: 38124153 PMCID: PMC10734190 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03611-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are widely used to replace missing teeth, providing patients with unparalleled levels of effectiveness, convenience, and affordability. The biological basis for the clinical success of dental implants is osseointegration. Bone aging is a high-risk factor for the reduced osseointegration and survival rates of dental implants. In aged individuals, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the bone marrow show imbalanced differentiation with a reduction in osteogenesis and an increase in adipogenesis. This leads to impaired osseointegration and implant failure. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying the dysfunctional differentiation of aged MSCs, which primarily include autophagy, transcription factors, extracellular vesicle secretion, signaling pathways, epigenetic modifications, microRNAs, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, this review addresses the pathological changes in MSCs that affect osseointegration and discusses potential therapeutic interventions to enhance osseointegration by manipulating the mechanisms underlying MSC aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ma
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Shuai
- Nanjing Jinling Hospital: East Region Military Command General Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yingjie Mao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fuming He
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Xu M, Li B, Huang J, Jia R, Guo J. The N6-methyladenosine demethylase FTO is required for odontoblast differentiation in vitro and dentine formation in mice by promoting RUNX2 exon 5 inclusion through RBM4. Int Endod J 2023; 56:1534-1549. [PMID: 37698901 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) protein, the first discovered N6-methyladenine (m6A) demethylase, played positive roles in bone formation. In this study, the aim was to investigate the function and potential mechanism of Fto in dentine formation. METHODOLOGY In vivo model, postnatal 12-day (PN12), 4-week-old (4 wk), 6-week-old (6 wk) healthy male C57BL/6J were randomly divided into Fto knockout (Fto-/- ) mice and wild-type (WT) littermates according to their genotypes, with 3-5 mice in each group. The mandibles of Fto-/- mice and WT control littermates were isolated for analysis by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), 3-dimensional reconstruction and Haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. In vitro, mouse dental papilla cells (mDPCs) and human dental stem pulp cells (hDPSCs) were cultured with odontogenetic medium to evaluate differentiation capacity; expression levels of odontoblastic related genes were evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The inclusion levels of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) exon 5 in mDPCs and hDPSCs were detected by semiquantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The RNA binding motif protein 4 (RBM4) m6A site was verified through m6A methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) and the stability of RBM4 mRNA influenced by FTO knockdown was measured by mRNA stability assay. Differences with p values < .05 were regarded as statistically significant. RESULTS We discovered that Fto-/- mice showed significant dentine formation defects characterized by widened pulp cavity, enlarged pulp-tooth volume ratio, thinned dentine and pre-dentine layer of root (p < .05). Fto-/- mDPCs and FTO-silencing hDPSCs not only exhibited insufficient mineralization ability and decreased expression levels of odontoblastic mineralization related genes (p < .05), but showed significantly reduced Runx2 exon 5 inclusion level (p < .05). FTO knockdown increased the m6A level of RBM4 and destabilized the mRNA of RBM4, thus contributing to the reduced RBM4 expression level. Moreover, Rbm4 overexpression in Fto-/- mDPCs can partly restore Runx2 exon 5 inclusion level and the differentiation ability disrupted by Fto knockout. CONCLUSION Thus, within the limitations of this study, the data suggest that FTO promotes odontoblastic differentiation during dentine formation by stabilizing RBM4 mRNA to promote RUNX2 exon 5 inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bingrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junjun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Rao P, Jing J, Fan Y, Zhou C. Spatiotemporal cellular dynamics and molecular regulation of tooth root ontogeny. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:50. [PMID: 38001110 PMCID: PMC10673972 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth root development involves intricate spatiotemporal cellular dynamics and molecular regulation. The initiation of Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) induces odontoblast differentiation and the subsequent radicular dentin deposition. Precisely controlled signaling pathways modulate the behaviors of HERS and the fates of dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs). Disruptions in these pathways lead to defects in root development, such as shortened roots and furcation abnormalities. Advances in dental stem cells, biomaterials, and bioprinting show immense promise for bioengineered tooth root regeneration. However, replicating the developmental intricacies of odontogenesis has not been resolved in clinical treatment and remains a major challenge in this field. Ongoing research focusing on the mechanisms of root development, advanced biomaterials, and manufacturing techniques will enable next-generation biological root regeneration that restores the physiological structure and function of the tooth root. This review summarizes recent discoveries in the underlying mechanisms governing root ontogeny and discusses some recent key findings in developing of new biologically based dental therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjun Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Zheng L, Li Z, Wang B, Sun R, Sun Y, Ren J, Zhao J. M 6A Demethylase Inhibits Osteogenesis of Dental Follicle Stem Cells via Regulating miR-7974/FKBP15 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16121. [PMID: 38003310 PMCID: PMC10671807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant RNA modification, regulating gene expression in physiological processes. However, its effect on the osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) remains unknown. Here, m6A demethylases, the fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), and alkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) were overexpressed in DFSCs, followed by osteogenesis assay and transcriptome sequencing to explore potential mechanisms. The overexpression of FTO or ALKBH5 inhibited the osteogenesis of DFSCs, evidenced by the fact that RUNX2 independently decreased calcium deposition and by the downregulation of the osteogenic genes OCN and OPN. MiRNA profiling revealed that miR-7974 was the top differentially regulated gene, and the overexpression of m6A demethylases significantly accelerated miR-7974 degradation in DFSCs. The miR-7974 inhibitor decreased the osteogenesis of DFSCs, and its mimic attenuated the inhibitory effects of FTO overexpression. Bioinformatic prediction and RNA sequencing analysis suggested that FK506-binding protein 15 (FKBP15) was the most likely target downstream of miR-7974. The overexpression of FKBP15 significantly inhibited the osteogenesis of DFSCs via the restriction of actin cytoskeleton organization. This study provided a data resource of differentially expressed miRNA and mRNA after the overexpression of m6A demethylases in DFSCs. We unmasked the RUNX2-independent effects of m6A demethylase, miR-7974, and FKBP15 on the osteogenesis of DFSCs. Moreover, the FTO/miR-7974/FKBP15 axis and its effects on actin cytoskeleton organization were identified in DFSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (B.W.); (R.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Zhizheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (B.W.); (R.S.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (B.W.); (R.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Rui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (B.W.); (R.S.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yuqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (B.W.); (R.S.); (Y.S.)
| | - Jiangang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (B.W.); (R.S.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jihong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (L.Z.); (Z.L.); (B.W.); (R.S.); (Y.S.)
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Nasiri K, Jahri M, Kolahdouz S, Soleimani M, Makiya A, Saini RS, Merza MS, Yasamineh S, Banakar M, Yazdanpanah MH. MicroRNAs Function in Dental Stem Cells as a Promising Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Dental Diseases. Mol Diagn Ther 2023; 27:703-722. [PMID: 37773247 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-023-00675-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Undifferentiated, highly proliferative, clonogenic, and self-renewing dental stem cells have paved the way for novel approaches to mending cleft palates, rebuilding lost jawbone and periodontal tissue, and, most significantly, recreating lost teeth. New treatment techniques may be guided by a better understanding of these cells and their potential in terms of the specificity of the regenerative response. MicroRNAs have been recognized as an essential component in stem cell biology due to their role as epigenetic regulators of the processes that determine stem cell destiny. MicroRNAs have been proven to be crucial in a wide variety of molecular and biological processes, including apoptosis, cell proliferation, migration, and necrocytosis. MicroRNAs have been recognized to control protein translation, messenger RNA stability, and transcription and have been reported to play essential roles in dental stem cell biology, including the differentiation of dental stem cells, the immunological response, apoptosis, and the inflammation of the dental pulp. Because microRNAs increase dental stem cell differentiation, they may be used in regenerative medicine to either preserve the stem cell phenotype or to aid in the development of tooth tissue. The development of novel biomarkers and therapies for dental illnesses relies heavily on progress made in our knowledge of the roles played by microRNAs in regulating dental stem cells. In this article, we discuss how dental stem cells and their associated microRNAs may be used to cure dental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Nasiri
- Department of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Jahri
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Makiya
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ravinder S Saini
- COAMS, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muna S Merza
- Prosthetic Dental Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Banakar
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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Sánchez LM, Lacave HM, Ubios M ÁM, Bozal CB. Exposure of suckling rats to hexavalent chromium (CrVI) alters bone formation at the base of the alveolus causing a delay in tooth eruption. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:195-201. [PMID: 36822318 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hexavalent chromium (CrVI)-exposure of suckling rats has been shown to delay tooth eruption. However, the effects of CrVI-exposure on bone formation at the base of the alveolus, which provides a motive force for tooth eruption in the early stages of the process, remain unknown. The present work sought to evaluate the effect of CrVI-exposure on bone formation at the base of the alveolus during the intraosseous stage of tooth eruption in suckling rats, using histomorphometric and immunohistochemical studies. METHODS Experimental animals received 12.5 mg/kg-bw/day of potassium dichromate dissolved in saline solution by gavage starting on day 4 of the experiment; controls similarly received an equivalent volume of saline. All the animals were euthanized at the age of 9 days. The base of the developing alveolus at the level of the mesial root of the first lower molar was analyzed histomorphometrically and immunohistochemically. Data were statistically analyzed using student's t-test, with statistical significance set at p <0.05. RESULTS CrVI-exposed animals showed lower bone volume and height at the base of the alveolus, a significant preponderance of bone rest on the surface adjacent to the dental follicle, and a significantly lower percentage of positive Runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2+) osteoblasts and a significantly higher number of mesenchymal-like RUNX2+ cells at the latter site. CONCLUSION CrVI-exposure during lactation affects bone formation at the base of the developing alveolus, delaying tooth eruption. These findings underscore the importance of controlling drinking water levels of toxic substances since their effects can alter the growth and development of individuals exposed during early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Marina Sánchez
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Histología y Embriología Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Ht Mariela Lacave
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Histología y Embriología Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángela Matilde Ubios M
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Histología y Embriología Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carola Bettina Bozal
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Histología y Embriología Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Zhang C, Pan L, Zhang H, Ke T, Yang Y, Zhang L, Chen L, Tan J. Osteoblasts-Derived Exosomal lncRNA-MALAT1 Promotes Osteoclastogenesis by Targeting the miR-124/NFATc1 Signaling Axis in Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:781-795. [PMID: 36814857 PMCID: PMC9939803 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s395607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Emerging studies have explained the crucial role of non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in various pathological progressions. The study was designed to examine the role of lncRNA metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and miRNA-124 in the differentiation of osteoclasts, to provide new clues or evidences for the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Methods We constructed an osteoblast-osteoclast Transwell co-culture system and osteoblast-derived exosomes (OB-exo) intervention model. We assessed the osteoclastogenesis as well as the level of lncRNA-MALAT1 and miRNA-124. The mechanism for lncRNA MALAT1 targeting miR-124 modulating the differentiation of osteoclasts was investigated by cell transfection, quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR), Western blot, and Dual-Luciferase reporter assays. Results Osteoblast-derived exosomes were isolated and identified. Co-culture and OB-exo intervention can promote osteoclastogenesis, also significantly up-regulate the expression of MALAT1, while the level of miR-124 is the opposite. Transfection of cells with small interfering RNA (si-MALAT1) and miR-124 mimic decreased the formation of TRAP+ osteoclasts and inhibited the expression of NFATc1. However, the effect was reversed when transfected with miR-124 inhibitor and si-MALAT1. The Dual-Luciferase reporter assay confirmed the binding sites between MALAT1 and miR-124, and miR-124 and NFATc1. Conclusion LncRNA MALAT1 functioned as an endogenous sponge by competing for miR-124 binding to regulate NFATc1 expression, accelerating the progression of osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lai Pan
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haizheng Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Ke
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Stomatology Department, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Lili Chen; Jingyi Tan, Email ;
| | - Jingyi Tan
- Department of Periodontology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Zeng L, He H, Sun M, Gong X, Zhou M, Hong Y, Wu Y, Chen X, Chen Q. Runx2 and Nell-1 in dental follicle progenitor cells regulate bone remodeling and tooth eruption. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:486. [PMID: 36175952 PMCID: PMC9524038 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03140-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental follicles are necessary for tooth eruption, surround the enamel organ and dental papilla, and regulate both the formation and resorption of alveolar bone. Dental follicle progenitor cells (DFPCs), which are stem cells found in dental follicles, differentiate into different kinds of cells that are necessary for tooth formation and eruption. Runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is a transcription factor that is essential for osteoblasts and osteoclasts differentiation, as well as bone remodeling. Mutation of Runx2 causing cleidocranial dysplasia negatively affects osteogenesis and the osteoclastic ability of dental follicles, resulting in tooth eruption difficulties. Among a variety of cells and molecules, Nel-like molecule type 1 (Nell-1) plays an important role in neural crest-derived tissues and is strongly expressed in dental follicles. Nell-1 was originally identified in pathologically fused and fusing sutures of patients with unilateral coronal synostosis, and it plays indispensable roles in bone remodeling, including roles in osteoblast differentiation, bone formation and regeneration, craniofacial skeleton development, and the differentiation of many kinds of stem cells. Runx2 was proven to directly target the Nell-1 gene and regulate its expression. These studies suggested that Runx2/Nell-1 axis may play an important role in the process of tooth eruption by affecting DFPCs. Studies on short and long regulatory noncoding RNAs have revealed the complexity of RNA-mediated regulation of gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. This ceRNA network participates in the regulation of Runx2 and Nell-1 gene expression in a complex way. However, non-study indicated the potential connection between Runx2 and Nell-1, and further researches are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zeng
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong He
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. .,Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Mingjie Sun
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyi Gong
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengqi Zhou
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaya Hong
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongjia Wu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuepeng Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. .,Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Qianming Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, Zhejiang, China. .,Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Multiple roles of Runt-related transcription factor-2 in tooth eruption: bone formation and resorption. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 141:105484. [PMID: 35749976 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to provide a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of the multiple roles of Runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2) in regulating tooth eruption, focusing on the molecular mechanisms regarding tooth eruption mediated by RUNX2. DESIGN Relevant literatures in PubMed, Medline, and Scopus database were searched, and a narrative review was performed. The multiple roles of RUNX2 in regulating tooth eruption was reviewed and discussed. RESULTS Aberrant RUNX2 expression leads to disturbed or failed tooth eruption. Tooth eruption involves both the process of bone formation and bone resorption. RUNX2 promotes osteogenesis around the radicular portion of the dental follicle that provides the biological force for tooth eruption through inducing the expression of osteogenesis-related genes in dental follicle cells/osteoblasts. On the other hand, through indirect and direct pathways, RUNX2 regulates osteoclastogenesis and the formation of the eruption pathway. CONCLUSION RUNX2 exerts a pivotal and complex influence in regulating tooth eruption. This review provides a better understanding of the function of RUNX2 in tooth eruption, which is beneficial to illuminate the precise molecular mechanism of osteogenesis and bone resorption, aiding the development of effective therapy for the failure of tooth eruption.
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10
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Osteoblastic microRNAs in skeletal diseases: Biological functions and therapeutic implications. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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11
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Shen J, She W, Zhang F, Guo J, Jia R. YBX1 Promotes the Inclusion of RUNX2 Alternative Exon 5 in Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 15:301-310. [PMID: 34965997 PMCID: PMC9396021 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc21035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives RUNX2 plays an essential role during the odontoblast differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). RUNX2 Exon 5 is an alternative exon and essential for RUNX2 transcriptional activity. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of RUNX2 exon 5 alternative splicing in human DPSCs. Methods and Results The regulatory motifs of RUNX2 exon 5 were analyzed using the online SpliceAid program. The alternative splicing of RUNX2 exon 5 in DPSCs during mineralization-induced differentiation was analyzed by RT-PCR. To explore the effect of splicing factor YBX1 on exon 5 alternative splicing, gaining or losing function of YBX1 was performed by transfection of YBX1 overexpression plasmid or anti-YBX1 siRNA in DPSCs. Human RUNX2 exon 5 is evolutionarily conserved and alternatively spliced in DPSCs. There are three potential YBX1 binding motifs in RUNX2 exon 5. The inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 and YBX1 expression level increased significantly during mineralization- induced differentiation in DPSCs. Overexpression of YBX1 significantly increased the inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 in DPSCs. In contrast, silence of YBX1 significantly reduced the inclusion of exon 5 and the corresponding RUNX2 protein expression level. Knockdown of YBX1 reduced the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) and the mineralization ability of DPSCs, while overexpression of YBX1 increased the expression of ALP and OC and the mineralization ability of DPSCs. Conclusions Human RUNX2 exon 5 is conserved evolutionarily and alternatively spliced in DPSCs. Splicing factor YBX1 promotes the inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 and improves the mineralization ability of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoxiang Shen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenting She
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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12
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Cao J, Qiu X, Gao Y, Cai L. Puerarin promotes the osteogenic differentiation of rat dental follicle cells by promoting the activation of the nitric oxide pathway. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101601. [PMID: 34371290 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Puerarin regulates the osteoblast differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. This study, hereby, explored the effects of puerarin on the osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells (DFCs) for the first time. Rat DFCs (rDFCs) were isolated and identified. After the rDFCs were treated by Puerarin and cultured in osteogenic induction medium, the viability, osteogenic differentiation, and the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and nitric oxide (NO) were detected. Besides, the secretion of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and expressions of collagen I, osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin (OPN), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), soluble guanylate cyclase (SGC), and protein kinase G 1 (PKG-1) were further determined or quantified. Puerarin enhanced the viability and osteogenic differentiation, and increased the activities of ALP, NO, and cGMP and the expressions of Collagen I, OC, OPN, RUNX2, SGC, and PKG-1 in rDFCs. After the co-treatment with puerarin and L-NMMA (NO synthase inhibitor), the promotive effects of Puerarin on cell viability, osteogenic differentiation, and the expressions of collagen I, OC, OPN, RUNX2, SGC, and PKG-1 in rDFCs were reversed by L-NMMA. Puerarin boosted the osteogenic differentiation of rDFCs by activating the NO pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyun Cao
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, China
| | - Xuebing Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, China.
| | - Yun Gao
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, China
| | - Liangliang Cai
- Department of Stomatology, Hongxing Hospital, Division XIII Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, China
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13
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Function of Dental Follicle Progenitor/Stem Cells and Their Potential in Regenerative Medicine: From Mechanisms to Applications. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070997. [PMID: 34356621 PMCID: PMC8301812 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental follicle progenitor/stem cells (DFPCs) are a group of dental mesenchyme stem cells that lie in the dental follicle and play a critical role in tooth development and maintaining function. Originating from neural crest, DFPCs harbor a multipotential differentiation capacity. More importantly, they have superiorities, including the easy accessibility and abundant sources, active self-renewal ability and noncontroversial sources compared with other stem cells, making them an attractive candidate in the field of tissue engineering. Recent advances highlight the excellent properties of DFPCs in regeneration of orofacial tissues, including alveolar bone repair, periodontium regeneration and bio-root complex formation. Furthermore, they play a unique role in maintaining a favorable microenvironment for stem cells, immunomodulation and nervous related tissue regeneration. This review is intended to summarize the current knowledge of DFPCs, including their stem cell properties, physiological functions and clinical application potential. A deep understanding of DFPCs can thus inspire novel perspectives in regenerative medicine in the future.
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14
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Zhu Y, Chen QY, Jordan A, Sun H, Roy N, Costa M. RUNX2/miR‑31/SATB2 pathway in nickel‑induced BEAS‑2B cell transformation. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:154. [PMID: 34109987 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) compounds are classified as Group 1 carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and are known to be carcinogenic to the lungs. In our previous study, special AT‑rich sequence‑binding protein 2 (SATB2) was required for Ni‑induced BEAS‑2B cell transformation. In the present study, a pathway that regulates the expression of SATB2 protein was investigated in Ni‑transformed BEAS‑2B cells using western blotting and RT‑qPCR for expression, and soft agar, migration and invasion assays for cell transformation. Runt‑related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), a master regulator of osteogenesis and an oncogene, was identified as an upstream regulator for SATB2. Ni induced RUNX2 expression and initiated BEAS‑2B transformation and metastatic potential. Previously, miRNA‑31 was identified as a negative regulator of SATB2 during arsenic‑induced cell transformation, and in the present study it was identified as a downstream target of RUNX2 during carcinogenesis. miR‑31 expression was reduced in Ni‑transformed BEAS‑2B cells, which was required to maintain cancer hallmarks. The expression level of miR‑31 was suppressed by RUNX2 in BEAS‑2B cells, and this increased the expression level of SATB2, initiating cell transformation. Ni caused the repression of miR‑31 by placing repressive marks at its promoter, which in turn increased the expression level of SATB2, leading to cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusha Zhu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10100, USA
| | - Qiao Yi Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shanxi 710000, P.R. China
| | - Ashley Jordan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10100, USA
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10100, USA
| | - Nirmal Roy
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10100, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10100, USA
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15
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Zhu Y, Ortiz A, Costa M. Wrong place, wrong time: Runt-related transcription factor 2/SATB2 pathway in bone development and carcinogenesis. J Carcinog 2021; 20:2. [PMID: 34211338 PMCID: PMC8202446 DOI: 10.4103/jcar.jcar_22_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Upregulation or aberrant expression of genes such as special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is necessary for normal cell differentiation and tissue development and is often associated with carcinogenesis and metastatic progression. SATB2 is a critical transcription factor for biological development of various specialized cell lineages, such as osteoblasts and neurons. The dysregulation of SATB2 expression has recently been associated with various types of cancer, while the mechanisms and pathways by which it mediates tumorigenesis are not well elucidated. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is a master regulator for osteogenesis, and it shares common pathways with SATB2 to regulate bone development. Interestingly, these two transcription factors co-occur in several epithelial and mesenchymal cancers and are linked by multiple cancer-related proteins and microRNAs. This review examines the interactions between RUNX2 and SATB2 in a network necessary for normal bone development and the circumstances in which the expression of RUNX2 and SATB2 in the wrong place and time leads to carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusha Zhu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angelica Ortiz
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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16
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Meng M, Chen Y, Chen X, Zhang Q, Guo W, Zhou X, Zou J. IL-1α Regulates Osteogenesis and Osteoclastic Activity of Dental Follicle Cells Through JNK and p38 MAPK Pathways. Stem Cells Dev 2020; 29:1552-1566. [PMID: 33107399 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1α (IL-1α) are increased in teeth with periapical lesions. Primary teeth with periapical lesions have a propensity for accelerated eruption of the successors. In this study, we asked whether increased levels of IL-1α in the dental follicle (DF) occurring as the result of periapical lesions promote tooth eruption, possibly due to enhanced osteoclastic remodeling of DF cells (DFCs). To this end, we studied the effect and possible mechanism of IL-1α on osteogenic differentiation, osteoclastogenic activity, and matrix remodeling of DFCs. Results demonstrated that DFCs cultured with IL-1α exhibited reduced osteogenic capacity, higher osteoclastogenic activity, and stronger invasive ability. Phosphorylation of JNK and p38 was upregulated, and pretreatment with SB203580 and SP600125 reversed the effect of IL-1α on DFCs. Neonatal rats subjected to subcutaneous injection of an IL-1 receptor antagonist exhibited a reduced number in activated osteoclasts, increased expression of alkaline phosphatase and osteopontin, and delayed tooth eruption. These data support our hypothesis that increased IL-1α cytokine levels as they occur during periodontal and periapical inflammation cause osteoclastic remodeling of the alveolar socket as a requirement for tooth eruption and thus may indirectly promote the vertical eruption of teeth toward the occlusal plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yandi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinlei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, and West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Huang X, Chen Q, Luo W, Pakvasa M, Zhang Y, Zheng L, Li S, Yang Z, Zeng H, Liang F, Zhang F, Hu DA, Qin KH, Wang EJ, Qin DS, Reid RR, He TC, Athiviraham A, El Dafrawy M, Zhang H. SATB2: A versatile transcriptional regulator of craniofacial and skeleton development, neurogenesis and tumorigenesis, and its applications in regenerative medicine. Genes Dis 2020; 9:95-107. [PMID: 35005110 PMCID: PMC8720659 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SATB2 (special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2) is a member of the special AT-rich binding protein family. As a transcription regulator, SATB2 mainly integrates higher-order chromatin organization. SATB2 expression appears to be tissue- and stage-specific, and is governed by several cellular signaling molecules and mediators. Expressed in branchial arches and osteoblast-lineage cells, SATB2 plays a significant role in craniofacial pattern and skeleton development. In addition to regulating osteogenic differentiation, SATB2 also displays versatile functions in neural development and cancer progression. As an osteoinductive factor, SATB2 holds great promise in improving bone regeneration toward bone defect repair. In this review, we have summarized our current understanding of the physiological and pathological functions of SATB2 in craniofacial and skeleton development, neurogenesis, tumorigenesis and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Huang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Qiuman Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Wenping Luo
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mikhail Pakvasa
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,The Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Liwen Zheng
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Shuang Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Zhuohui Yang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Huan Zeng
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Fang Liang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China
| | - Fugui Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Daniel A Hu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kevin H Qin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Eric J Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - David S Qin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Aravind Athiviraham
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mostafa El Dafrawy
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401147, PR China.,Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing 401147, PR China
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18
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Tian H, She Z, Gao X, Wang W, Tian H. MicroRNA-31 regulates dental epithelial cell proliferation by targeting Satb2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 532:321-328. [PMID: 32873389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit strong potential clinical application owing to their extensive regulation and flexible delivery properties. MicroRNA-31 (miR-31) is an evolutionarily conserved miRNA expressed during tooth development, and it is highly expressed in mouse incisor epithelium. The specific role of miR-31 in odontogenesis has not been elucidated comprehensively, and the aim of the present study was to investigate its activity. Our results showed that miR-31 suppressed LS8 cell proliferation by inhibiting the cell cycle at the G1/S transition. Mutation of Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) gene is responsible for human SATB2-associated syndrome (SAS), which is often accompanied by dental abnormities. Here, it was identified as a direct target of miR-31 in LS8 cells and a promoter of cell proliferation. The expression and distribution of SATB2 in mouse molars and incisors were explored using immunofluorescence, which showed strong signals in the nuclei of incisor epithelial cells and weak signals in the cytoplasm of molar epithelial cells. Moreover, rescue experiments demonstrated that Satb2 could mitigate the inhibitory effect of miR-31 on cell proliferation by promoting the expression of CDK4. Collectively, our results suggested that miR-31 regulates dental epithelial cell proliferation by targeting Satb2, highlighting the biological importance of miR-31 in odontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhong Tian
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, PR China
| | - Ziwei She
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, PR China
| | - Xuejun Gao
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, PR China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, PR China.
| | - Hua Tian
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, PR China.
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19
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Yu X, Zheng F, Shang W, Du Y, Zhen J, Mao Y, Zhang S. Isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperidoside promotes the resorption of crown-covered bone during tooth eruption by osteoclastogenesis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5172. [PMID: 32198458 PMCID: PMC7083939 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Delayed resorption of crown-covered bone is a critical cause of delayed tooth eruption. Traditional herbal medicines may be good auxiliary treatments to promote the resorption of crown-covered bone. This study was carried out to analyse the effect of isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperidoside on receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in vitro and resorption of the crown-covered bone of the lower first molars in mice in vivo. Isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperidoside promoted osteoclastogenesis and the bone resorption of mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) and upregulated mRNA expression of the osteoclast-specific genes cathepsin K (CTSK), vacuolar-type H + -ATPase d2(V-ATPase d2), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1). NFATc1, p38 and AKT signalling was obviously activated by isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperidoside in osteoclastogenesis. Isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperidoside aggravated resorption of crown-covered bone in vivo. In brief, isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperidoside might be a candidate adjuvant therapy for delayed intraosseous eruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijiao Yu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuju Zheng
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzhi Shang
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanmei Du
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinze Zhen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Mao
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shanyong Zhang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Wang S, Liu Z, Wang J, Ji X, Yao Z, Wang X. miR‑21 promotes osteoclastogenesis through activation of PI3K/Akt signaling by targeting Pten in RAW264.7 cells. Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:1125-1132. [PMID: 32016444 PMCID: PMC7003029 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.10938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of microRNA (miR)-21 on osteoclastogenesis and its underlying molecular mechanisms. The expression levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and miR-21 were detected during osteoclastogenesis in receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced RAW264.7 cells via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Bioinformatics and dual luciferase reporter assays were performed to analyze the association between miR-21 and Pten. RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells were divided into the following groups: MiR-negative control (NC), miR-21 mimic, miR-21 inhibitor and miR-21 mimic + LY294002. The effects of miR-21 on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption were then detected using TRAP staining and a bone resorption assay. Pten, phosphorylated-Akt and nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFATc1) expression levels were measured by western blotting to analyze the effects of miR-21 on the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The present study revealed that miR-21 was upregulated during osteoclastogenesis in RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, miR-21 negatively regulated Pten. Compared with the miR-negative control (NC) group, the number of osteoclasts and the percentage of bone resorption were increased in the miR-21 mimic group, whereas they were decreased in the miR-21 inhibitor group. The number of osteoclasts and the percentage of bone resorption in the miR-21 mimic + LY294002 group were lower than in the miR-21 mimic group. Compared with the miR-NC group, the protein expression levels of Pten were decreased, whereas p-Akt and NFATc1 were increased in the miR-21 mimic group. Conversely, Pten protein expression was increased, whereas p-Akt and NFATc1 were decreased in the miR-21 inhibitor group. In the miR-21 mimic + LY294002 group, Pten protein expression was higher, and p-Akt and NFATc1 were lower than in the miR-21 mimic group. In conclusion, miR-21 is upregulated during osteoclastogenesis, and may promote osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption through activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via targeting Pten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengli Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.R. China
| | - Jingchun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.R. China
| | - Xinying Ji
- Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Basic Medical College of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.R. China
| | - Xinchun Wang
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475001, P.R. China
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21
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Dental Follicle Cells: Roles in Development and Beyond. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9159605. [PMID: 31636679 PMCID: PMC6766151 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9159605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental follicle cells (DFCs) are a group of mesenchymal progenitor cells surrounding the tooth germ, responsible for cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone formation in tooth development. Cascades of signaling pathways and transcriptional factors in DFCs are involved in directing tooth eruption and tooth root morphogenesis. Substantial researches have been made to decipher multiple aspects of DFCs, including multilineage differentiation, senescence, and immunomodulatory ability. DFCs were proved to be multipotent progenitors with decent amplification, immunosuppressed and acquisition ability. They are able to differentiate into osteoblasts/cementoblasts, adipocytes, neuron-like cells, and so forth. The excellent properties of DFCs facilitated clinical application, as exemplified by bone tissue engineering, tooth root regeneration, and periodontium regeneration. Except for the oral and maxillofacial regeneration, DFCs were also expected to be applied in other tissues such as spinal cord defects (SCD), cardiomyocyte destruction. This article reviewed roles of DFCs in tooth development, their properties, and clinical application potentials, thus providing a novel guidance for tissue engineering.
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Wildman BJ, Godfrey TC, Rehan M, Chen Y, Afreen LH, Hassan Q. MICROmanagement of Runx2 Function in Skeletal Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 5:55-64. [PMID: 31289715 DOI: 10.1007/s40610-019-0115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review- Precise and temporal expression of Runx2 and its regulatory transcriptional network is a key determinant for the intricate cellular and developmental processes in adult bone tissue formation. This review analyzes how microRNA functions to regulate this network, and how dysregulation results in bone disorders. Recent Findings- Similar to other biologic processes, microRNA (miRNA/miR) regulation is undeniably indispensable to bone synthesis and maintenance. There exists a miRNA-RUNX2 network where RUNX2 regulates the transcription of miRs, or is post transcriptionally regulated by a class of miRs, forming a variety of miR-RUNX2 regulatory pathways which regulate osteogenesis. Summary- The current review provides insights to understand transcriptional-post transcriptional regulatory network governed by Runx2 and osteogenic miRs, and is based largely from in vitro and in vivo studies. When taken together, this article discusses a new regulatory layer of bone tissue specific gene expression by RUNX2 influenced via miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Wildman
- RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama, Birmingham AL, 35294
| | - Tanner C Godfrey
- RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama, Birmingham AL, 35294
| | - Mohammad Rehan
- RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama, Birmingham AL, 35294
| | - Yuechuan Chen
- RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama, Birmingham AL, 35294
| | - Lubana H Afreen
- RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama, Birmingham AL, 35294
| | - Quamarul Hassan
- RNA Biology and Epigenetics Laboratory, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama, Birmingham AL, 35294
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Gama A, Perea L, Yepes C, Betancur JJ, Vargas J, Amiaud J, Babajko S, Lezot F, Castaneda B. [Effects of post-natal inhibition of RANKL on molar eruption and root formation in C57BL/6 mice]. Orthod Fr 2019; 90:55-63. [PMID: 30994449 DOI: 10.1051/orthodfr/2019008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent observations performed in the orthodontic department of La Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital in Paris reported an increase of non-familial eruption defects of permanent molars. Our recent data have evidenced the involvement of osteoclasts (OC) in both the eruption and the dental retention processes through the RANKL/RANK/OPG signaling pathway. These facts are at the origin of the hypothesis of the existence of an environmental etiology for those eruption defects that would correspond to the perturbation of cellular autocrine/paracrine signaling pathways as the RANKL/ RANK/OPG. MATERIALS AND METHODS C57BL/6 mice were submitted to repeated injections with anti-RANKL neutralizing antibody during the nine days following birth. A phenotypic comparison with transgenic mice overexpressing RANK was performed for the functional characterization of the RANKL/RANK/OPG pathway. The dento-alveolar complex was analyzed using micro-CT for bone density and Masson's trichrome staining for histological examination. RESULTS The RANKL transient invalidation of RANKL stopped the molar root development and tooth eruption contrary to transgenic mice overexpressing RANK. The recruitment and the OC activity were strongly impacted. DISCUSSION This research is of direct clinical interest in understanding the pathology of eruption as indirect in establishing orthodontic treatment protocols for particular cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gama
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Équipe BERDAL, 75006 Paris, France - Laboratoire d'Histopathologie orale, Faculté des sciences de la santé, Université de Brasilia, Brasilia, Brésil
| | - Linamary Perea
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université d'Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Catalina Yepes
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université d'Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jhon J Betancur
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université d'Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jorge Vargas
- Faculté d'Odontologie, Université d'Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jerôme Amiaud
- INSERM UMRS 1238, Faculté de Médecine, Nantes, France
| | - Sylvie Babajko
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Équipe BERDAL, 75006 Paris, France
| | | | - Beatriz Castaneda
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, USPC, Université Paris Descartes, Université Paris Diderot, Équipe BERDAL, 75006 Paris, France - Service d'Orthopédie Dento-faciale, Hôpital la Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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24
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Liu Y, Sun X, Zhang X, Wang X, Zhang C, Zheng S. RUNX2 mutation impairs osteogenic differentiation of dental follicle cells. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 97:156-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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25
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Xu L, Fu Y, Zhu W, Xu R, Zhang J, Zhang P, Cheng J, Jiang H. microRNA-31 inhibition partially ameliorates the deficiency of bone marrow stromal cells from cleidocranial dysplasia. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9472-9486. [PMID: 30506733 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) in humans is an autosomal-dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by heterozygous mutations of the runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and significantly increases the risk of osteoporosis. Increasing evidence demonstrates that the dysfunction of bone marrow stromal cells from CCD patients (BMSCs-CCD) contributes to the bone deficiency, but the characteristics of BMSCs-CCD and the mechanisms that underlie their properties remain undefined. METHODS The clinical manifestations of three CCD patients were collected and the mutations of RUNX2 were analyzed. The properties of proliferation, osteogenesis, stemness, and senescence of BMSCs-CCD were compared with that of BMSCs from healthy donors. The expression of microRNA-31 ( miR-31) between BMSCs-CCD and BMSCs was measured and lentivirus-carried miR-31 inhibitor was used to determine the role of miR-31 in BMSCs-CCD both in vitro and in vivo. The molecular mechanisms underlying RUNX2-miR31 and miR-31 targeting stemness and senescence of BMSCs-CCD were also explored. RESULTS We identified two mutation sites of RUNX2 via exome sequencing from 2 of 3 Chinese CCD patients with typical clinical presentations. Compared with BMSCs from healthy donors, BMSCs-CCD displayed significantly attenuated proliferation, osteogenesis and stemness, and enhanced senescence. Meanwhile, miR-31 knockdown could ameliorate these deficiency phenotypes of BMSCs-CCD by regulating SATB2, BMI1, CDKN, and SP7. Mechanistically, RUNX2 directly repressed miR-31 expression, and therefore RUNX2 haploinsufficiency in CCD leading to miR-31 upregulation contributed to the deficiency of BMSCs-CCD. miR-31 inhibition in BMSCs-CCD showed enhanced osteogenesis through heterotopic subcutaneous implantation in the nude mice. CONCLUSIONS Our results show the functional deficiencies of BMSCs-CCD and a potential role of miR-31 in BMSCs-CCD deficiencies. The application of miR-31 inhibitor in BMSCs-CCD might lend hope for developing BMSC-based therapeutic approaches against CCD-associated skeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwen Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongyao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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26
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Xiao T, Fu Y, Zhu W, Xu R, Xu L, Zhang P, Du Y, Cheng J, Jiang H. HDAC8, A Potential Therapeutic Target, Regulates Proliferation and Differentiation of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in Fibrous Dysplasia. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 8:148-161. [PMID: 30426726 PMCID: PMC6344909 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a disease of postnatal skeletal stem cells caused by activating mutations of guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-stimulating activity polypeptide (GNAS). FD is characterized by high proliferation and osteogenesis disorder of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), resulting in bone pain, deformities, and fractures. The cAMP-CREB pathway, which is activated by GNAS mutations, is known to be closely associated with the occurrence of FD. However, so far there is no available targeted therapeutic strategy for FD, as a critical issue that remains largely unknown is how this pathway is involved in FD. Our previous study revealed that histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via epigenetic regulation. Here, compared with normal BMSCs, FD BMSCs exhibited significantly high proliferation and weak osteogenic capacity in response to HDAC8 upregulation and tumor protein 53 (TP53) downregulation. Moreover, inhibition of cAMP reduced HDAC8 expression, increased TP53 expression and resulted in the improvement of FD phenotype. Importantly, HDAC8 inhibition prevented cAMP-induced cell phenotype and promoted osteogenesis in nude mice that were implanted with FD BMSCs. Mechanistically, HDAC8 was identified as a transcriptional target gene of CREB1 and its transcription was directly activated by CREB1 in FD BMSCs. In summary, our study reveals that HDAC8 associates with FD phenotype and demonstrates the mechanisms regulated by cAMP-CREB1-HDAC8 pathway. These results provide insights into the molecular regulation of FD pathogenesis, and offer novel clues that small molecule inhibitors targeting HDAC8 are promising clinical treatment for FD. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:148&14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwen Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongyao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Du
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Uribe P, Plakwicz P, Larsson L, Czochrowska E, Westerlund A, Ransjö M. Study on site-specific expression of bone formation and resorption factors in human dental follicles. Eur J Oral Sci 2018; 126:439-448. [PMID: 30216610 PMCID: PMC6282833 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We sought to investigate site‐specific expression of bone‐regulatory factors expressed by human dental follicles and to compare the stimulated expression of tumour necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 11/tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 11b (RANKL/OPG) in human dental follicle cells (HDFCs) from different patients. Analysis of bone‐regulatory markers in follicles from 12 different study participants was performed using RT‐qPCR and immunofluorescence; apical and coronal segments from each dental follicle were processed independently. Four additional dental follicles were used for cell cultures; HDFCs were precultured in osteogenic medium to initiate differentiation and thereafter cultured with 10−6 M forskolin (FSK) to activate the protein kinase cAMP (PKA/cAMP) signalling pathway and induce RANKL/OPG expression. We demonstrate that RANKL expression is significantly higher in the coronal part of follicles than in the apical part. High levels of collagen type 1 (COL1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Gap‐junction protein, alpha 1, 43 kDa (CX43) were expressed, whereas expression of Sp7 transcription factor (OSX), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), colony‐stimulating factor 1 (CSF‐1), chemokine (C‐C motif) ligand 2 (MCP1), and OPG was low in all samples. The immunofluorescence localization of CSF‐1, MCP1, osteocalcin (OCN), RANKL, and BMP2 was not specific for either part of the follicles. In conclusion, a consistently high expression of CX43 suggests that gap‐junction communication in HDFCs is essential for the eruption process. Furthermore, the induced expression of RANKL in HDFCs varies significantly between individuals and may relate to clinical variations in tooth eruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Uribe
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pawel Plakwicz
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lena Larsson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ewa Czochrowska
- Department of Orthodontics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Westerlund
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Ransjö
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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28
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Kreiborg S, Jensen BL. Tooth formation and eruption – lessons learnt from cleidocranial dysplasia. Eur J Oral Sci 2018; 126 Suppl 1:72-80. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Kreiborg
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics Department of Odontology Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - B. L. Jensen
- Section of Pediatric Dentistry and Clinical Genetics Department of Odontology Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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29
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Yu L, Xu Y, Qu H, Yu Y, Li W, Zhao Y, Qiu G. Decrease of MiR-31 induced by TNF-α inhibitor activates SATB2/RUNX2 pathway and promotes osteogenic differentiation in ethanol-induced osteonecrosis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:4314-4326. [PMID: 30132874 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Suppressed osteogenic differentiation is considered a main cause of ethanol-induced osteonecrosis. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and miR-31 have been reported to be involved in the osteogenic induction. This study aimed to explore a possible molecular mechanism regulating osteogenic differentiation in ethanol-induced osteonecrosis bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS Alizarin red staining was used to examine the level of mineralization in osteogenic differentiation process. Alkaline phosphatase assay was applied to the validation of ALP level which was essential to bone mineralization. The level of osteogenesis markers was determined by western blot assay, whereas the fluctuations of messenger RNA levels were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Microarray analysis was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes, because the possible target relationship was predicted and validated by miRBase and luciferase reporter assay, respectively. Colony forming unit of fibroblast assay was used to observe the proliferation of BMSCs. RESULTS BMSCs from patients with ethanol-induced osteonecrosis exhibited weaker osteogenic differentiation and proliferation abilities. TNF-α inhibitor added in the osteogenic medium significantly enhanced the osteogenic differentiation ability and BMSCs proliferation ability. TNF-α by regulating miR-31 downregulated the expressions of RUNX2 and SATB2, two contributors of osteoblast differentiation, further suppressed osteogenic differentiation. On the contrary, TNF-α inhibitor could promote osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs from patients with ethanol-induced osteonecrosis. CONCLUSION TNF-α inhibitor could downregulate miR-31 expressions, which directly promoted SATB2 and RUNX2 expressions and enhanced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs from patients with ethanol-induced osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjia Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yisheng Xu
- Orthopedics Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hao Qu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yifeng Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guixing Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Xu R, Shen X, Si Y, Fu Y, Zhu W, Xiao T, Fu Z, Zhang P, Cheng J, Jiang H. MicroRNA-31a-5p from aging BMSCs links bone formation and resorption in the aged bone marrow microenvironment. Aging Cell 2018; 17:e12794. [PMID: 29896785 PMCID: PMC6052401 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The alteration of age‐related molecules in the bone marrow microenvironment is one of the driving forces in osteoporosis. These molecules inhibit bone formation and promote bone resorption by regulating osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity, contributing to age‐related bone loss. Here, we observed that the level of microRNA‐31a‐5p (miR‐31a‐5p) was significantly increased in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from aged rats, and these BMSCs demonstrated increased adipogenesis and aging phenotypes as well as decreased osteogenesis and stemness. We used the gain‐of‐function and knockdown approach to delineate the roles of miR‐31a‐5p in osteogenic differentiation by assessing the decrease of special AT‐rich sequence‐binding protein 2 (SATB2) levels and the aging of BMSCs by regulating the decline of E2F2 and recruiting senescence‐associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF). Notably, expression of miR‐31a‐5p, which promotes osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, was markedly higher in BMSCs‐derived exosomes from aged rats compared to those from young rats, and suppression of exosomal miR‐31a‐5p inhibited the differentiation and function of osteoclasts, as shown by elevated RhoA activity. Moreover, using antagomiR‐31a‐5p, we observed that, in the bone marrow microenvironment, inhibition of miR‐31a‐5p prevented bone loss and decreased the osteoclastic activity of aged rats. Collectively, our results reveal that miR‐31a‐5p acts as a key modulator in the age‐related bone marrow microenvironment by influencing osteoblastic and osteoclastic differentiation and that it may be a potential therapeutic target for age‐related osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongyao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Xiang Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yameng Si
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Yu Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Weiwen Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Tao Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Zongyun Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing China
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Chen QY, Li J, Sun H, Wu F, Zhu Y, Kluz T, Jordan A, DesMarais T, Zhang X, Murphy A, Costa M. Role of miR-31 and SATB2 in arsenic-induced malignant BEAS-2B cell transformation. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:968-977. [PMID: 29603397 PMCID: PMC6588163 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a naturally occurring and highly potent metalloid known to elicit serious public health concerns. Today, approximately 200 million people around the globe are exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water at levels greater than the World Health Organization's recommended limit of 10 parts per billion. As a class I human carcinogen, arsenic exposure is known to elicit various cancers, including lung, skin, liver, and kidney. Current evidence suggests that arsenic is capable of inducing both genotoxic and cytotoxic injury, as well as activating epigenetic pathways to induce carcinogenesis. Our study identifies a novel pathway that is implicated in arsenic-induced carcinogenesis. Arsenic down-regulated miRNA-31 and the release of this inhibition caused overexpression of special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2). Arsenic is known to disrupt miRNA expression, and here we report for the first time that arsenic is capable of inhibiting miR-31 expression. As a direct downstream target of miR-31, SATB2 is a prominent transcription factor, and nuclear matrix binding protein implicated in many types of human diseases including lung cancer. Results from this study show that arsenic induces the overexpressing SATB2 by inhibiting miR-31 expression, which blocks the translation of SATB2 mRNA, since levels of SATB2 mRNA remain the same but protein levels decrease. Overexpression of SATB2 induces malignant transformation of human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells indicating the importance of the expression of miR-31 in preventing carcinogenesis by suppressing SATB2 protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yi Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jinquan Li
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical college, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Yusha Zhu
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Thomas Kluz
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Ashley Jordan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Thomas DesMarais
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Xiaoru Zhang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Anthony Murphy
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Phen A, Greer J, Uppal J, Der J, Boughner JC. Upper jaw development in the absence of teeth: New insights for craniodental evo-devo integration. Evol Dev 2018; 20:146-159. [PMID: 29998528 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In p63-null mice (p63-/- ), teeth fail to form but the mandible forms normally; conversely, the upper jaw skeleton is malformed. Here we explored whether lack of dental tissues contributed to midfacial dysmorphologies in p63-/- mice by testing if facial prominence defects appeared before odontogenesis failed. We also investigated gene dose effects by testing if one wild type (WT) p63 allele (p63+/- ) was sufficient for normal upper jaw skeleton formation. We micro-CT scanned PFA-fixed p63-/- , p63+/- , and WT (p63+/+ ) adult and embryonic mice aged E10-E14. Next, we landmarked mandibular (MdP), maxillary (MxP) and nasal prominences (NPs), and facial bones. 3D landmark data were assessed using Principal Component, Canonical Variate, Partial Least Squares, and other statistical analyses. The p63-/- embryos showed MxP and NP malformations by E12, despite the presence of dental tissues. MdP shape was comparable among p63-/- , p63+/- , and p63+/+ embryos. Upper jaw shape was comparable between p63+/+ and p63+/- adults. The upper jaw and its dentition both require p63 signaling, but not each other's presence, to form properly. One WT p63 allele enables normal midfacial morphogenesis; gene dose may be a target for jaw macroevolution. Jaw-specific genetic mechanisms likely integrate the evo-devo of dentitions with upper versus lower jaws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Phen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Justine Greer
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jasmene Uppal
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jasmine Der
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Julia C Boughner
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Liu Y, Zhang X, Sun X, Wang X, Zhang C, Zheng S. Abnormal bone remodelling activity of dental follicle cells from a cleidocranial dysplasia patient. Oral Dis 2018; 24:1270-1281. [PMID: 29787635 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the role of dental follicle cells (DFCs) with a novel cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) causative gene RUNX2 mutation (DFCsRUNX2+/m ) in delayed permanent tooth eruption. MATERIALS AND METHODS A CCD patient with typical clinical features was involved in this study. DFCsRUNX2+/m were cultured and DNA was extracted for RUNX2 mutation screening. Measurements of cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, alizarin red staining and osteoblast-specific genes expression were performed to assess osteogenesis of DFCsRUNX2+/m . Co-culture of DFCs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), followed tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, real-time PCR and western blot were performed to evaluate osteoclast-inductive capacity of DFCsRUNX2+/m . RESULTS A missense RUNX2 mutation (c. 557G>C) was found in DFCsRUNX2+/m from the CCD patient. Compared with normal controls, this mutation did not affect the proliferation of DFCsRUNX2+/m , but down-regulated the expression of osteogenesis-related genes, leading to a decrease in ALP activity and mineralisation. Co-culture results showed that DFCsRUNX2+/m reduced the formation of TRAP+ multinucleated cells and the expression of osteoclastogenesis-associated genes. Furthermore, the mutation reduced the ratio of RANKL/OPG in DFCsRUNX2+/m . CONCLUSIONS DFCsRUNX2+/m disturbs bone remodelling activity during tooth eruption through RANK/RANKL/OPG signalling pathway and may thus be responsible for impaired permanent tooth eruption in CCD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xianli Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Stomatology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Sun
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhe Wang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Chenying Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Xu R, Shi G, Xu L, Gu Q, Fu Y, Zhang P, Cheng J, Jiang H. Simvastatin improves oral implant osseointegration via enhanced autophagy and osteogenesis of BMSCs and inhibited osteoclast activity. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:1209-1219. [PMID: 29498229 DOI: 10.1002/term.2652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rongyao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Guanghui Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ling Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Qinyi Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Yu Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology; Nanjing Medical University; Nanjing Jiangsu Province China
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Wu X, Hu L, Li Y, Li Y, Wang F, Ma P, Wang J, Zhang C, Jiang C, Wang S. SCAPs Regulate Differentiation of DFSCs During Tooth Root Development in Swine. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:291-299. [PMID: 29511365 PMCID: PMC5835700 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.22495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tooth root transmits and balances occlusal forces through the periodontium to the alveolar bone. The periodontium, including the gingiva, the periodontal ligament, the cementum and the partial alveolar bone, derives from the dental follicle (DF), except for the gingiva. In the early developmental stages, the DF surrounds the tooth germ as a sphere and functions to promote tooth eruption. However, the morphological dynamics and factors regulating the differentiation of the DF during root elongation remain largely unknown. Miniature pigs are regarded as a useful experimental animal for modeling in craniofacial research because they are similar to humans with respect to dentition and mandible anatomy. In the present study, we used the third deciduous incisor of miniature pig as the model to investigate the factors influencing DF differentiation during root development. We found that the DF was shaped like a crescent and was located between the root apical and the alveolar bone. The expression levels of WNT5a, β-Catenin, and COL-I gradually increased from the center of the DF (beneath the apical foramen) to the lateral coronal corner, where the DF differentiates into the periodontium. To determine the potential regulatory role of the apical papilla on DF cell differentiation, we co-cultured dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) with stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs). The osteogenesis and fibrogenesis abilities of DFSCs were inhibited when being co-cultured with SCAPs, suggesting that the fate of the DF can be regulated by signals from the apical papilla. The apical papilla may sustain the undifferentiated status of DFSCs before root development finishes. These data yield insight into the interaction between the root apex and surrounding DF tissues in root and periodontium development and shed light on the future study of root regeneration in large mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University.,Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Fu Wang
- Department of Oral Basic Science, School of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ping Ma
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Canhua Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University
| | - Songlin Wang
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Zhou P, Wu G, Zhang P, Xu R, Ge J, Fu Y, Zhang Y, Du Y, Ye J, Cheng J, Jiang H. SATB2-Nanog axis links age-related intrinsic changes of mesenchymal stem cells from craniofacial bone. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:2006-2011. [PMID: 27632702 PMCID: PMC5076449 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) senescence contributes to age-related bone loss. The alveolar bone in jaws originates from neural crest cells and possesses significant site- and age-related properties. However, such intrinsic characteristics of BMSCs from alveolar bone (AB-BMSCs) and the underlying regulatory mechanisms still remain unknown. Here, we found that the expression of special AT-rich binding protein 2 (SATB2) in human AB-BMSCs significantly decreased with aging. SATB2 knockdown on AB-BMSCs from young donors displayed these aging-related phenotypes in vitro. Meanwhile, enforced SATB2 overexpression could rejuvenate AB-BMSCs from older donors. Importantly, satb2 gene- modified BMSCs therapy could prevent the alveolar bone loss during the aging of rats. Mechanistically, the stemness regulator Nanog was identified as the direct transcriptional target of SATB2 in BMSCs and functioned as a downstream mediator of SATB2. Collectively, our data reveal that SATB2 in AB-BMSCs associates with their age-related properties, and prevents AB-BMSCs senescence via maintaining Nanog expression. These findings highlight the translational potential of transcriptional factor-based cellular reprogramming for anti-aging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Geng Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Rongyao Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Jinhai Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, 210029 Nanjing, China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Osteogenesis is a complex process involving the specification of multiple progenitor cells and their maturation and differentiation into matrix-secreting osteoblasts. Osteogenesis occurs not only during embryogenesis but also during growth, after an injury, and in normal homeostatic maintenance. While much is known about osteogenesis-associated regulatory genes, the role of microRNAs (miRNAs), which are epigenetic regulators of protein expression, is just beginning to be explored. While miRNAs do not abrogate all protein expression, their purpose is to finely tune it, allowing for a timely and temporary protein down-regulation. RECENT FINDINGS The last decade has unveiled a multitude of miRNAs that regulate key proteins within the osteogenic lineage, thus qualifying them as "ostemiRs." These miRNAs may endogenously target an activator or inhibitor of differentiation, and depending on the target, may either lead to the prolongation of a progenitor maintenance state or to early differentiation. Interestingly, cellular identity seems intimately coupled to the expression of miRNAs, which participate in the suppression of previous and subsequent differentiation steps. In such cases where key osteogenic proteins were identified as direct targets of miRNAs in non-bone cell types, or through bioinformatic prediction, future research illuminating the activity of these miRNAs during osteogenesis will be extremely valuable. Many bone-related diseases involve the dysregulation of transcription factors or other proteins found within osteoblasts and their progenitors, and the dysregulation of miRNAs, which target such factors, may play a pivotal role in disease etiology, or even as a possible therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Sera
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 1113 Biological Sciences Building, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Nicole I Zur Nieden
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, 1113 Biological Sciences Building, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
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Portland cement induces human periodontal ligament cells to differentiate by upregulating miR-146a. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 117:308-315. [PMID: 28528141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Bioaggregates such as Portland cement (PC) can be an economical alternative for mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with additional benefit of less discoloration. MTA has been known to induce differentiations of several dental cells. MicroRNAs are important regulators of biological processes, including differentiation, physiologic homeostasis, and disease progression. This study is to explore how PC enhances the differentiation of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in microRNAs level. METHODS PDL cells were cultured in a regular PC- or MTA-conditioned medium or an osteoinduction medium (OIM). Alizarin red staining was used to evaluate the extent of mineralization. Transfection of microRNA mimics induced exogenous miR-31 and miR-146a expression. The expression of microRNAs and differentiation markers was assayed using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS PC enhanced the mineralization of PDL cells in a dose-dependent manner in the OIM. Exogenous miR-31 and miR-146a expression upregulated alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenic protein (BMP), and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) expression. However, miR-31 and miR-146a modulates cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) expression in different ways. PC also enhanced ALP and BMP but attenuated CEMP1 in the OIM. Although the OIM or PC treatment upregulated miR-21, miR-29b, and miR-146a, only miR-146a was able to be induced by PC in combination with OIM. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that PC enhances the differentiation of PDL cells, especially osteogenic through miR-146a upregulation. In order to control the ankylosis after regenerative endodontics with the usage of bioaggregates, further investigations to explore these differentiation mechanisms in the miRNA level may be needed.
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Boughner JC. Implications of Vertebrate Craniodental Evo-Devo for Human Oral Health. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2017; 328:321-333. [PMID: 28251806 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Highly processed diets eaten by postindustrial modern human populations coincide with higher frequencies of third molar impaction, malocclusion, and temporomandibular joint disorders that affect millions of people worldwide each year. Current treatments address symptoms, not causes, because the multifactorial etiologies of these three concerns mask which factors incline certain people to malocclusion, impaction, and/or joint issues. Deep scientific curiosity about the origins of jaws and dentitions continues to yield rich insights about the developmental genetic mechanisms that underpin healthy craniodental morphogenesis and integration. Mounting evidence from evolution and development (Evo-Devo) studies suggests that function is another mechanism important to healthy craniodental integration and fit. Starting as early as weaning, softer diets and thus lower bite forces appear to relax or disrupt integration of oral tissues, alter development and growth, and catalyze impaction, malocclusion, and jaw joint disorders. How developing oral tissues respond to bite forces remains poorly understood, but biomechanical feedback seems to alter balances of local bone resorption and deposition at the tooth-bone interface as well as affect tempos and amounts of facial outgrowth. Also, behavioral changes in jaw function and parafunction contribute to degeneration and pain in joint articular cartilages and masticatory muscles. The developmental genetic contribution to craniodental misfits and disorders is undeniable but still unclear; however, at present, human diet and jaw function remain important and much more actionable clinical targets. New Evo-Devo studies are needed to explain how function interfaces with craniodental phenotypic plasticity, variation, and evolvability to yield a spectrum of healthy and mismatched dentitions and jaws.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Boughner
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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40
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Regulatory roles of microRNAs in human dental tissues. Gene 2017; 596:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Transplantation of osteoporotic bone marrow stromal cells rejuvenated by the overexpression of SATB2 prevents alveolar bone loss in ovariectomized rats. Exp Gerontol 2016; 84:71-79. [PMID: 27599698 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen-deficient osteoporosis is an aging-related disease with high morbidity that not only significantly increases a woman's risk of fragility fracture but is also associated with tooth and bone loss in the supporting alveolar bone of the jaw. Emerging evidence suggests that the aging of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) contributes to the development of osteoporosis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of the special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2), a stemness and senescence regulator of craniofacial BMSCs, in rat ovariectomy-induced alveolar osteoporosis. We also sought to determine whether transplantation of SATB2-modified BMSCs could ameliorate estrogen deficient alveolar bone loss. Our data revealed that BMSCs from ovariectomy-induced alveolar bone exhibited typical senescence phenotypes such as diminished stemness and osteogenic capacity, increased expression of senescence or osteoclastic markers and enhanced adipogenic potential. These phenotypic changes are a result of SATB2-mediated senescence dysregulation as evidenced by nuclear γH2AX foci formation. Moreover, overexpression of SATB2 significantly alleviated the senescence of osteoporotic BMSCs in vitro. Importantly, transplantation of SATB2-modified BMSCs significantly attenuated ovariectomy-induced alveolar bone loss in vivo. Together, our results revealed that SATB2 is a critical regulator of alveolar BMSC senescence, and its overexpression decreases these senescent changes both in vitro and in vivo. SATB2-modified BMSC delivery could be a viable and promising therapeutic strategy for alveolar bone loss induced by estrogen-deficient osteoporosis.
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43
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STEPICHEVA NADEZDAA, SONG JIAL. Function and regulation of microRNA-31 in development and disease. Mol Reprod Dev 2016; 83:654-74. [PMID: 27405090 PMCID: PMC6040227 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that orchestrate numerous cellular processes both under normal physiological conditions as well as in diseases. This review summarizes the functional roles and transcriptional regulation of the highly evolutionarily conserved miRNA, microRNA-31 (miR-31). miR-31 is an important regulator of embryonic implantation, development, bone and muscle homeostasis, and immune system function. Its own regulation is disrupted during the onset and progression of cancer and autoimmune disorders such as psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Limited studies suggest that miR-31 is transcriptionally regulated by epigenetics, such as methylation and acetylation, as well as by a number of transcription factors. Overall, miR-31 regulates diverse cellular and developmental processes by targeting genes involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and cell motility. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 654-674, 2016 © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - JIA L. SONG
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
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44
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Wang XZ, Sun XY, Zhang CY, Yang X, Yan WJ, Ge LH, Zheng SG. RUNX2 Mutation Impairs 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 mediated Osteoclastogenesis in Dental Follicle Cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24225. [PMID: 27068678 PMCID: PMC4828645 DOI: 10.1038/srep24225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), a skeletal disorder characterized by delayed permanent tooth eruption and other dental abnormalities, is caused by heterozygous RUNX2 mutations. As an osteoblast-specific transcription factor, RUNX2 plays a role in bone remodeling, tooth formation and tooth eruption. To investigate the crosstalk between RUNX2 and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25-(OH)2D3) in human dental follicle cells (hDFCs) during osteoclast formation, we established a co-culture system of hDFCs from CCD patient and healthy donors with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Expression of the osteoclast-associated genes and the number of TRAP+ cells were reduced in CCD hDFCs, indicating its suppressed osteoclast-inductive ability, which was reflected by the downregulated RANKL/OPG ratio. In addition, 1α,25-(OH)2D3-stimulation elevated the expression of osteoclast-related genes, as well as RANKL mRNA levels and RANKL/OPG ratios in control hDFCs. Conversely, RUNX2 mutation abolished this 1α,25-(OH)2D3-induced RANKL gene activation and osteoclast formation in CCD hDFCs. Therefore, RUNX2 haploinsufficiency impairs dental follicle-induced osteoclast formation capacity through RANKL/OPG signaling, which may be partially responsible for delayed permanent tooth eruption in CCD patients. Furthermore, this abnormality was not rescued by 1α,25-(OH)2D3 application because 1α,25-(OH)2D3-induced RANKL activation in hDFCs is mediated principally via the RUNX2-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Z Wang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - X Y Sun
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - C Y Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - X Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 5 Haiyuncang Alley, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - W J Yan
- Outpatient Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 37A Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, PR China
| | - L H Ge
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - S G Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 22 Zhongguancun Avenue South, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, PR China
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Vasconcelos DFP, Vasconcelos ACCG. PTH intermittent administration may be a useful therapeutic agent to avoid premature eruption of the tooth. Med Hypotheses 2016; 88:27-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2015.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Mi W, Shi Q, Chen X, Wu T, Huang H. miR-33a-5p modulates TNF-α-inhibited osteogenic differentiation by targeting SATB2 expression in hBMSCs. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:396-407. [PMID: 26785690 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs play a number of roles in bone, including mediating the pathological effects of inflammation. Here, we found that miR-33a-5p expression was significantly increased after TNF-α treatment during BMP-2-induced osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Luciferase reporter assays and western blotting demonstrated that special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 2 (SATB2) is a target of miR-33a-5p. Moreover, we show that BMP-2 induces SATB2 expression by interacting with SATB2 directly via the BMP-2-RUNX2 pathway. However, TNF-α first decreases SATB2 expression by inhibiting miR-33a-5p degradation. We thus conclude that miR-33a-5p plays a central role in this complex regulatory network. These findings will help to understand the regulatory role of miR-33a-5p in the inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiang Mi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, China
| | - Qiongling Shi
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xipeng Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Functional Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, China
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