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Roostalu U, Thisted L, Skytte JL, Salinas CG, Pedersen PJ, Hecksher-Sørensen J, Rolin B, Hansen HH, MacKrell JG, Christie RM, Vrang N, Jelsing J, Zois NE. Effect of captopril on post-infarction remodelling visualized by light sheet microscopy and echocardiography. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5241. [PMID: 33664407 PMCID: PMC7933438 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, among them captopril, improve survival following myocardial infarction (MI). The mechanisms of captopril action remain inadequately understood due to its diverse effects on multiple signalling pathways at different time periods following MI. Here we aimed to establish the role of captopril in late-stage post-MI remodelling. Left anterior descending artery (LAD) ligation or sham surgery was carried out in male C57BL/6J mice. Seven days post-surgery LAD ligated mice were allocated to daily vehicle or captopril treatment continued over four weeks. To provide comprehensive characterization of the changes in mouse heart following MI a 3D light sheet imaging method was established together with automated image analysis workflow. The combination of echocardiography and light sheet imaging enabled to assess cardiac function and the underlying morphological changes. We show that delayed captopril treatment does not affect infarct size but prevents left ventricle dilation and hypertrophy, resulting in improved ejection fraction. Quantification of lectin perfused blood vessels showed improved vascular density in the infarct border zone in captopril treated mice in comparison to vehicle dosed control mice. These results validate the applicability of combined echocardiographic and light sheet assessment of drug mode of action in preclinical cardiovascular research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmas Roostalu
- Gubra, Hørsholm Kongevej 11, B, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Bidda Rolin
- Gubra, Hørsholm Kongevej 11, B, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk, 2760, Maaloev, Denmark
| | | | - James G MacKrell
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Robert M Christie
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, 46285, USA
| | - Niels Vrang
- Gubra, Hørsholm Kongevej 11, B, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Jacob Jelsing
- Gubra, Hørsholm Kongevej 11, B, 2970, Hørsholm, Denmark
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Zulli A, Buxton BF, Black MJ, Ming Z, Cameron A, Hare DL. The Immunoquantification of Caveolin-1 and eNOS in Human and Rabbit Diseased Blood Vessels. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 54:151-9. [PMID: 16009963 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.5a6677.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, caveolin-1 (cav-1), an inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), was semi-quantified in diseased human and rabbit blood vessels. New Zealand White rabbits were fed, for 12 weeks, a high methionine diet (to induce intimal hyperplasia), 0.5% cholesterol diet, a normal diet, or the combination of both experimental diets. Excess segments of human internal mammary arteries (IMA) and radial arteries (RA) were obtained from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. eNOS and cav-1 were localized throughout both human and rabbit vessels. In rabbit arteries, eNOS was significantly increased in the endothelium overlying intimal thickening and atherosclerotic plaques compared with the adjacent endothelium overlying normal media. Interestingly, the endothelial cav-1:eNOS ratio increased 5-fold only in endothelium overlying plaques but decreased in endothelium overlying vessels with neo-intimal thickening. In human tissue, there was no difference between RA and IMA eNOS immunoreactivity in endothelium, intima, or media; however, RA endothelial, intimal, and medial cav-1 immunoreactivity increased 4-fold ( p,<0.02), 8-fold ( p<0.001), and 4-fold ( p<0.004), respectively, compared with IMA. Furthermore, the cav-1:eNOS immunostaining ratio in the media correlated with intimal thickening (r2 = 0.5). Our results suggest a close relationship between increased cav-1 and diseased blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Zulli
- Division of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Heidelberg 3084, Australia.
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Doxorubicin impairs the insulin-like growth factor-1 system and causes insulin-like growth factor-1 resistance in cardiomyocytes. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124643. [PMID: 25955698 PMCID: PMC4425434 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) promotes the survival of cardiomyocytes by activating type 1 IGF receptor (IGF-1R). Within the myocardium, IGF-1 action is modulated by IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), which sequesters IGF-1 away from IGF-1R. Since cardiomyocyte apoptosis is implicated in anthracycline cardiotoxicity, we investigated the effects of the anthracycline, doxorubicin, on the IGF-1 system in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. METHODS AND RESULTS Besides inducing apoptosis, concentrations of doxorubicin comparable to those observed in patients after bolus infusion (0.1-1 µM) caused a progressive decrease in IGF-1R and increase in IGFBP-3 expression. Exogenous IGF-1 was capable to rescue cardiomyocytes from apoptosis triggered by 0.1 and 0.5 µM, but not 1 µM doxorubicin. The loss of response to IGF-1 was paralleled by a significant reduction in IGF-1 availability and signaling, as assessed by free hormone levels in conditioned media and Akt phosphorylation in cell lysates, respectively. Doxorubicin also dose-dependently induced p53, which is known to repress the transcription of IGF1R and induce that of IGFBP3. Pre-treatment with the p53 inhibitor, pifithrin-α, prevented apoptosis and the changes in IGF-1R and IGFBP-3 elicited by doxorubicin. The decrease in IGF-1R and increase in IGFBP-3, as well as apoptosis, were also antagonized by pre-treatment with the antioxidant agents, N-acetylcysteine, dexrazoxane, and carvedilol. CONCLUSIONS Doxorubicin down-regulates IGF-1R and up-regulates IGFBP-3 via p53 and oxidative stress in H9c2 cells. This leads to resistance to IGF-1 that may contribute to doxorubicin-initiated apoptosis. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings in human cardiomyocytes and explore the possibility of manipulating the IGF-1 axis to protect against anthracycline cardiotoxicity.
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Myostatin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in hypertensive heart disease. J Hypertens 2015; 33:851-8; discussion 859. [DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000000493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Chang RL, Lin JW, Hsieh DJY, Yeh YL, Shen CY, Day CH, Ho TJ, Viswanadha VP, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Long-term hypoxia exposure enhanced IGFBP-3 protein synthesis and secretion resulting in cell apoptosis in H9c2 myocardial cells. Growth Factors 2015; 33:275-81. [PMID: 26340107 DOI: 10.3109/08977194.2015.1077824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) usually results in myocardial ischemia, remodeling and hypoxia that lead to cell death. To date, the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) is known to play an important role in insulin growth factor (IGF) bioavailability. Previous studies have found that hypoxia results in cell apoptosis. However, the detailed mechanism and roles of IGFBP3 in long-term hypoxia (LTH) regulated heart cell apoptosis remains unknown. In this study H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells were treated with investigated long-term hypoxic exposure with the possible mechanisms involved. The results showed that LTH enhanced IGFBP3 protein synthesis and induced its secretion. The accumulated IGFBP3 sequestered Insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) away from the type I IGF receptor (IGF-1 R), which blocked the IGF1R/PI3K/Akt survival signaling pathway, resulting in cell apoptosis. According to our findings, IGFBP3 could be a valuable target for developing treatments for cardiac diseases in long-term hypoxia exposure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Lin Chang
- a Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Jing-Wei Lin
- a Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Dennis Jine-Yuan Hsieh
- b School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lan Yeh
- c Department of Pathology , Changhua Christian Hospital , Changhua , Taiwan
- d en-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management , Miaoli , Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yao Shen
- e Department of Nursing , Mei Ho University , Pingtung , Taiwan
| | | | - Tsung-Jung Ho
- f Chinese Medicine Department , China Medical University Beigang Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- h Department of Biological Science and Technology , China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- a Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan
- i Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan , and
- j Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology , Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan
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Schutte AE, Volpe M, Tocci G, Conti E. Revisiting the relationship between blood pressure and insulin-like growth factor-1. Hypertension 2014; 63:1070-7. [PMID: 24566078 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.113.03057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Conflicting evidence exists on the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). We reviewed available articles and pooled extrapolated regression coefficients for the association between BP and total IGF-1 as reported in the literature and included additional data from 912 individuals from the general population. We identified 20 studies including 11 704 subjects. We also measured total IGF-1, insulin-like binding protein-3, and BP in 912 black and white men and women from South Africa (aged 20-70 years). When plotting positive and negative weighed regression coefficients (29 data points) against IGF-1, we found a significant positive relationship (r=0.31; P<0.001; n=11 704) intercepting the 0 point at 191 ng/mL IGF-1, suggesting an inverse BP/IGF-1 relationship in low IGF-1 conditions, and a positive relationship in overtly high IGF-1 conditions. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the relationship between BP and IGF-1 is dependent on, or related to, IGF-1 concentrations, as an expression of direct or reverse causality. Low IGF-1 bioavailability (associated with aging and vascular deterioration), resistance to IGF-1, and the complex interplay between IGF-1 and other vasoactive hormones could mask the vasoprotective functions of IGF-1 in cross-sectional studies or could modify their functions in prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aletta Elisabeth Schutte
- Hypertension in Africa Research Team, North-West University, Hoffman St, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
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Borrisser-Pairó F, Antúnez E, Tobías E, Fernández-Solà J. Insulin-like growth factor 1 myocardial expression decreases in chronic alcohol consumption. Regen Med Res 2013; 1:3. [PMID: 25984322 PMCID: PMC4375930 DOI: 10.1186/2050-490x-1-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alcoholic cardiomyopathy (CMP) is one of the major complications of chronic excessive alcohol consumption. The pathogenic mechanisms implicated are diverse, inducing functional and structural changes in the myocardium. Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in modulating the cell cycle, and helps the differentiation and proliferation of cardiac tissue inhibiting apoptosis. Experimental studies have suggested the role of IGF-1 in alcohol-induced cardiac damage. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of chronic alcohol consumption on IGF-1 myocardial expression and to compare this expression in cases of hypertension and other cardiac diseases. Methods We studied heart samples from human organ donors: 10 healthy donors, 16 with hypertension, 23 with chronic alcohol consumption and 7 with other causes of cardiac disease. IGF-1 myocardial expression was evaluated with a specific immunohistochemistry assay using a semi-quantitative method. Results A significant decrease in IGF-1 myocardial expression was observed comparing all the cases included with control donors. This decrease in IGF-1 myocardial expression was significantly lower in the group of donors with chronic alcohol consumption compared to controls. On group evaluation according to the presence of CMP, donors with chronic alcohol consumption without CMP presented significantly lower IGF-1 expression than controls, whereas donors with chronic alcohol consumption with CMP showed a downward trend without achieving significance. Conclusions Chronic alcohol consumption significantly reduces IGF-1 myocardial expression. This decrease induced by alcohol is partially compensated in the presence of structural myocardial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Borrisser-Pairó
- Alcohol Research Unit. Hospital Clínic. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilia Antúnez
- Alcohol Research Unit. Hospital Clínic. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Tobías
- Alcohol Research Unit. Hospital Clínic. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Fernández-Solà
- Alcohol Research Unit. Hospital Clínic. Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS). Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Creatinine and insulin predict cardiac mass in drug-naïve hypertensive patients. Int J Cardiol 2013; 167:519-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 01/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Angiotensin II receptor blocker attenuates intrarenal renin-angiotensin-system and podocyte injury in rats with myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67242. [PMID: 23799145 PMCID: PMC3682995 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms and mediators underlying common renal impairment after myocardial infarction (MI) are still poorly understood. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) provides renoprotective effects after MI by preventing augmented intrarenal renin-angiotensin-system (RAS)-induced podocyte injury. Sprague–Dawley rats that underwent ligation of their coronary arteries were treated with losartan (20 mg/kg/d) or vehicle for 3 or 9 weeks. Renal function, histology and molecular changes were assessed. The current study revealed that MI-induced glomerular podocyte injury was identified by increased immunostaining for desmin and p16ink4a, decreased immunostaining for Wilms’ tumor-1 and podocin mRNA expression, and an induced increase of blood cystatin C at both 3 and 9 weeks. These changes were associated with increased intrarenal angiotensin II levels and enhanced expressions of angiotensinogen mRNA and angiotensin II receptor mRNA and protein. These changes were also associated with decreased levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) and decreased expressions of IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) protein and mRNA and phosphorylated(p)-Akt protein at 9 weeks, as well as increased expressions of 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine at both time points. Treatment with losartan significantly attenuated desmin- and p16ink4a-positive podocytes, restored podocin mRNA expression, and decreased blood cystatin C levels. Losartan also prevented RAS activation and oxidative stress and restored the IGF-1/IGF-1R/Akt pathway. In conclusion, ARBs prevent the progression of renal impairment after MI via podocyte protection, partially by inhibiting the activation of the local RAS with subsequent enhanced oxidative stress and an inhibited IGF-1/IGF-1R/Akt pathway.
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Huang YL, Kuang J, Hu YZ, Song YB, Qiu RF, Mai WY. Bone marrow stromal cell transplantation combined with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment in rat with acute myocardial infarction and the role of insulin-like growth factor-1. Cytotherapy 2012; 14:563-9. [PMID: 22277013 DOI: 10.3109/14653249.2011.651531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS We investigated bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) transplantation combined with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) treatment in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). METHODS AMI models were established in Sprague-Dawley rats by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery and grouped into blank control (BC), ACEI treatment (ACEI), BMSC transplantation (BMSC) and BMSC transplantation plus ACEI (combined). Perindopril (2.5 mg/kg) was administered by gavage to ACEI and combined groups from the day after AMI. BMSC (2 × 10(8)) were injected into the border of the MI area a week later in the BMSC and combined groups. RESULTS After 4 weeks, hemodynamics in the BMSC and combined groups were significantly improved (P < 0.05 versus BC), with the greatest improvement in the combined group (P < 0.05). In addition, an increased number of BMSC survived in the combined group (P < 0.05 versus BMSC). A proportion of BMSC was positive for troponin T, as detected by immunofluorescence. The number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes was decreased in the BMSC and ACEI groups, and even further in the combined group (P < 0.05). IGF-1 expression was up-regulated in the BMSC and combined groups (P < 0.05 versus BC), but not in the ACEI group. B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression was up-regulated in the ACEI, BMSC and combined groups, with the highest expression in the combined group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that BMSC engrafted in AMI can survive well and secrete IGF-1 and preserve cardiac function significantly. These data suggest that BMSC transplantation inhibits apoptosis of cardiomyocytes by up-regulation of Bcl-2 expression in the myocardium, and this effect might be sensitized by ACEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Li Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Dhingra R, Kirshenbaum LA. Negative inotropy by angiotensin II is mediated via phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha-protein kinase C-coupled signaling pathway. Hypertension 2010; 56:349-50. [PMID: 20696991 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.110.156158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Sesti G, Sciacqua A, Scozzafava A, Vatrano M, Angotti E, Ruberto C, Santillo E, Parlato G, Perticone F. Effects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 on cardiac hypertrophy of hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 2007; 25:471-7. [PMID: 17211256 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0b013e3280112b63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) interfere with cardiac mass (left ventricular mass; LVM) development. We investigated the role of the GH/IGF-1 axis on LVM and ventricular geometry in a group of 230 never-treated hypertensive patients. METHODS Partition values for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) were 125 g/m2 for both women and men. Insulin resistance was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index. RESULTS A significant inverse correlation was observed between IGF-1 and both fasting insulin (r = -0.249; P < 0.0001) and GH (r = -0.218; P < 0.0001). Systolic blood pressure (157.3 +/- 13.6 versus 149.4 +/- 12.8 mmHg; P < 0.001), fasting insulin (17.4 +/- 8.5 versus 11.4 +/- 6.0 microU/l; P < 0.0001), HOMA (4.4 +/- 2.3 versus 2.9 +/- 1.6; P < 0.0001) and GH (1.0 +/- 1.0 versus 0.4 +/- 0.5 ng/ml; P < 0.0001) were significantly higher in patients with LVH; on the contrary, IGF-1 values (119.1 +/- 47.8 versus 160.1 +/- 75.5 ng/ml; P < 0.0001) were higher in patients without LVH. In a logistic regression analysis, the strongest independent predictors of LVH were GH [relative risk (RR) = 2.078; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.364-3.163], HOMA (RR = 1.345; 95% CI = 1.133-1.596), IGF-1 (RR = 0.993; 95% CI = 0.998-0.999) and systolic blood pressure (RR = 1.036; 95% CI = 1.013-1.060). IGF-1 showed an opposite trend in patients with eccentric and concentric hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS Present data demonstrate that the increase in LVM prevalent in human essential hypertension is directly associated with serum GH levels and inversely related to circulating IGF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Sesti
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine G. Salvatore, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Italy
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Onder G, Liperoti R, Russo A, Capoluongo E, Minucci A, Lulli P, Cesari M, Maggio M, Bernabei R, Landi F. Use of ACE inhibitors is associated with elevated levels of IGFBP-3 among hypertensive older adults: results from the IlSIRENTE study. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2007; 63:389-95. [PMID: 17273834 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-007-0262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2006] [Accepted: 01/08/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several studies in vitro or in rodent models have suggested a potential relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition and the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) axis. However, this relationship has only rarely been investigated in humans. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to assess the association of ACE inhibitors with free IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in the blood of older hypertensive adults. METHODS Data are from the baseline evaluation of the IlSIRENTE study, which enrolled 364 subjects aged 80 or older. For the present study we selected a subpopulation of 264 hypertensive participants without congestive heart failure. Free IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in the blood were measured by a radioimmunoassay method. Analyses of covariance were performed to evaluate the differences in free IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels according to the use of ACE inhibitors. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 85.7 years (SD: 4.9), 170 (64%) were women and 123 (47%) were using an ACE inhibitor. Following adjustment for potential confounders, the concentration of free IGF-1 was slightly, but not significantly higher among ACE inhibitor users than among non-users (0.74 vs. 0.65 ng/mL; p=0.20). In contrast, ACE inhibitor users had a significantly higher IGFBP-3 serum levels than non-users (4821 vs. 4330 ng/mL; p=0.005). In addition, the concentration of IGFBP-3 was significantly higher among ACE inhibitors users than among non-users of antihypertensive drugs (p=0.02) and users of other antihypertensive drugs (p=0.01). CONCLUSION Among hypertensive older adults, ACE inhibitors use is associated with higher IGFBP-3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziano Onder
- Department of Geriatrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
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Hu Q, Wang X, Lee J, Mansoor A, Liu J, Zeng L, Swingen C, Zhang G, Feygin J, Ochiai K, Bransford TL, From AHL, Bache RJ, Zhang J. Profound bioenergetic abnormalities in peri-infarct myocardial regions. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 291:H648-57. [PMID: 16582014 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.01387.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Regions of myocardial infarct (MI) are surrounded by a border zone (BZ) of normally perfused but dysfunctional myocardium. Although systolic dysfunction has been attributed to elevated wall stress in this region, there is evidence that intrinsic abnormalities of contractile performance exist in BZ myocardium. This study examined whether decreases of high-energy phosphates (HEP) and mitochondrial F(1)F(0)-ATPase (mtATPase) subunits typical of failing myocardium exist in BZ myocardium of compensated postinfarct remodeled hearts. Eight pigs were studied 6 wk after MI was produced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) distal to the second diagonal. Animals developed compensated LV remodeling with a decrease of ejection fraction from 54.6 +/- 5.4% to 31 +/- 2.1% (MRI) 5 wk after LAD occlusion. The remote zone (RZ) myocardium demonstrated modest decreases of ATP and mtATPase components. In contrast, BZ myocardium demonstrated profound abnormalities with ATP levels decreased to 42% of normal, and phosphocreatine-to-ATP ratio ((31)P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy) decreased from 2.06 +/- 0.19 in normal hearts to 1.07 +/- 0.10, with decreases in alpha-, beta-, OSCP, and IF(1) subunits of mtATPase, especially in the subendocardium. The reduction of myocardial creatine kinase isoform protein expression was also more severe in the BZ relative to the RZ myocardium. These abnormalities were independent of a change in mitochondrial content because the mitochondrial citrate synthase protein level was not different between the BZ and RZ. This regional heterogeneity of ATP content and expression of key enzymes in ATP production suggests that energetic insufficiency in the peri-infarct region may contribute to the transition from compensated LV remodeling to congestive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingsong Hu
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Health Science Center, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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