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Lambert KJM, Singhal A, Leung AWS. The lateralized effects of Parkinson's Disease on motor imagery: Evidence from mental chronometry. Brain Cogn 2024; 178:106181. [PMID: 38796902 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Alterations to the content of action representations may contribute to the movement challenges that characterize Parkinson's Disease (PD). One way to investigate action representations is through motor imagery. As PD motor symptoms typically have a unilateral onset, disease-related deficits related to action representations may follow a similarly lateralized pattern. The present study examined if temporal accuracy of motor imagery in individuals with PD differed according to the side of the body involved in the task. Thirty-eight participants with PD completed a mental chronometry task using their more affected and less affected side. Participants had significantly shorter mental versus physical movement times for the more affected. Higher imagery vividness in the kinaesthetic domain predicted shorter mental versus physical movement times for the more affected side, as did lower imagery vividness in the visual domain and poorer cognitive function. These results indicate that people with PD imagine movements differently when the target actions their more affected versus less affected side. It is additionally possible that side-specific deficits in the accurate processing of kinaesthetic information lead to an increased reliance on visual processes and cognitive resources to successfully execute motor imagery involving the more affected side.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J M Lambert
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Canada.
| | - Anthony Singhal
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Ada W S Leung
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Canada
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van der Waal C, Saeys W, Truijen S, Embrechts E. Clinical Assessment of Subjective Visual and Haptic Vertical Norms in Healthy Adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2024:acae049. [PMID: 38940374 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acae049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Accurate verticality perception is essential for daily life activities, such as correctly estimating object orientation in space. This study established normative data for the subjective visual vertical (SVV) and subjective haptic vertical (SHV) using the portable and self-constructable modified Bucket test and Rotating-Column test. Additionally, the contribution of age, sex, and starting position of the line/ column on SVV and SHV accuracy were evaluated. METHOD This study, part of the PRECISE project (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT05978596), was conducted following the STROBE guidelines. Healthy adults without visual/neurological/vestibular disorders were recruited. Subjective visual vertical and SHV accuracy were described in terms of constant errors (i.e., mean deviation from 0° [true vertical] respecting its direction), unsigned errors (i.e., mean deviation from 0° irrespective of direction), and variability (i.e., intra-individual standard deviation). RESULTS Sixty participants were evaluated (mean age: 41.14 [SD = 16.74] years). Subjective visual vertical constant errors between -2.82° and 2.90°, unsigned errors up to 2.15°, and variability up to 1.61° are considered normal. Subjective haptic vertical constant errors ranged from -6.94° to 8.18°, unsigned errors up to 6.66° and variability up to 4.25°. Higher ages led to higher SVV unsigned errors and variability. SHV variability was higher in females compared to males. Certain starting positions led to higher SVV and SHV constants and SVV unsigned errors. DISCUSSION Normative data are provided for affordable, self-constructable, and portable SVV and SHV tools. These norms are consistent with more sophisticated equipment and can be used to distinguish between normal and abnormal values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte van der Waal
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Research Group MOVANT, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Wim Saeys
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Research Group MOVANT, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, RevArte Rehabilitation Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Steven Truijen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Research Group MOVANT, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Elissa Embrechts
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Research Group MOVANT, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Physiotherapy, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
- Department of Experimental Neuropsychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
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Linen SR, Chang NH, Hess EJ, Stanley GB, Waiblinger C. Sensory-Behavioral Deficits in Parkinson's Disease: Insights from a 6-OHDA Mouse Model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.05.597339. [PMID: 38895263 PMCID: PMC11185599 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.05.597339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the striatum, predominantly associated with motor symptoms. However, non-motor deficits, particularly sensory symptoms, often precede motor manifestations, offering a potential early diagnostic window. The impact of non-motor deficits on sensation behavior and the underlying mechanisms remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined changes in tactile sensation within a Parkinsonian state by employing a mouse model of PD induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) to deplete striatal dopamine (DA). Leveraging the conserved mouse whisker system as a model for tactile-sensory stimulation, we conducted psychophysical experiments to assess sensory-driven behavioral performance during a tactile detection task in both the healthy and Parkinson-like states. Our findings reveal that DA depletion induces pronounced alterations in tactile sensation behavior, extending beyond expected motor impairments. We observed diverse behavioral deficits, spanning detection performance, task engagement, and reward accumulation, among lesioned individuals. While subjects with extreme DA depletion consistently showed severe sensory behavioral deficits, others with substantial DA depletion displayed minimal changes in sensory behavior performance. Moreover, some exhibited moderate degradation of behavioral performance, likely stemming from sensory signaling loss rather than motor impairment. The implementation of a sensory detection task is a promising approach to quantify the extent of impairments associated with DA depletion in the animal model. This facilitates the exploration of early non-motor deficits in PD, emphasizing the importance of incorporating sensory assessments in understanding the diverse spectrum of PD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah R. Linen
- Program in Bioinformatics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nelson H. Chang
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ellen J. Hess
- Departments of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA USA
| | - Garrett B. Stanley
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christian Waiblinger
- Wallace H Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Stalin A, Ding R, Leat SJ, Binhilabi O, Labreche T. Visual midline gauge validity and repeatability: Comparison to a current clinical method. Optom Vis Sci 2024; 101:368-378. [PMID: 38838091 DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000002126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Visual midline shifts are thought to occur post-stroke and be a risk factor for falls. This study investigates a new method for quantifying visual midline shifts, a first step toward developing greater understanding of visual midline shift. PURPOSE This study standardized the parameters of a novel visual midline gauge, compared the results with the current clinical method, and presents normative data and repeatability of both methods. METHODS Ninety-three participants without neurological or ocular problems were recruited in Canada and Hong Kong. In experiment 1, horizontal and vertical visual midlines were measured using the gauge for two speeds and two repositioning methods. In experiment 2, visual midline was measured for three distances using a target speed and repositioning method chosen based on the first experiment. Visual midlines were also measured using the current clinical method during both visits. RESULTS There were no significant effects of age, speed, study location, or repositioning method on visual midline positions (all p>0.05). For the horizontal direction, measurements at 25 cm were different from those at 50 (p=0.03) and 100 cm (p=0.001). For the vertical direction, there was no such effect. The measurements were found to be repeatable to within approximately 3°. In both visits, there were significant correlations between measurements using the visual midline gauge and the clinical method for the vertical direction (all p<.001) but not for the horizontal direction (all p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS The measurement of visual midline is tolerant of differences in target speed, testing method, and age of the participants, and the visual midline gauge measurements are repeatable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ran Ding
- Centre for Eye and Vision Research Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Ohwod Binhilabi
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
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Obrero‐Gaitán E, Fuentes‐Núñez D, Moral‐García MD, López‐Ruiz MDC, Rodríguez‐Almagro D, Lomas‐Vega R. Misperception of body verticality in neurological disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3496. [PMID: 38688878 PMCID: PMC11061201 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The internal representation of verticality could be disturbed when a lesion in the central nervous system (CNS) affects the centers where information from the vestibular, visual, and/or somatosensory systems, increasing the risk of falling. OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate the vestibular and somatosensory contribution to the verticality pattern in patients with stroke and other neurological disorders. METHODS A literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases. Cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies comparing body verticality in patients with stroke or CNS diseases (CNSD) versus healthy controls were selected. Subjective postural vertical (SPV) in roll and pitch planes was used as the primary variable. RESULTS Ten studies reporting data from 390 subjects were included. The overall effect for CNSD patients showed a misperception of body verticality in roll (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI] .84-1.25) and pitch planes (SMD = 1.03; 95% CI .51-1.55). In subgroup analyses, a high effect was observed in the perception of SPV both in roll and pitch planes in stroke (p = .002) and other CNSD (p < .001). CONCLUSION These findings suggest a potential misperception of SPV in patients with stroke and other neurological disturbances. Patients with CNSD could present an alteration of vestibular and somatosensory contribution to verticality construction, particularly stroke patients with pusher syndrome (PS), followed by those with PS combined with hemineglect.
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França M, Parada Lima J, Oliveira A, Rosas MJ, Vicente SG, Sousa C. Visuospatial memory profile of patients with Parkinson's disease. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37695259 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2023.2256918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Parkinson's Disease (PD) cognitive impairment may become evident at an early stage of the disease. Performance in the visuospatial domain has been pointed out as a possible predictor of cognitive decline for dementia. OBJECTIVES The goal was to characterize the visuospatial memory profile, explore the predictive value of a set of visuospatial measures that better distinguish patients from controls, and investigate the relevance of the 10/36 SPART, providing cutoff scores. METHODS A total of 43 PD patients and 45 healthy controls (HC) were recruited from the Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João and the community, respectively. The protocol included a set of tests assessing global cognitive functioning, visuoperceptive abilities, and visuospatial memory. RESULTS PD patients performed significantly worse than HC, showing difficulties in global cognition, visuospatial learning, and visuoconstructive and perceptive abilities. Through a discriminant analysis, the Clock Drawing Test and ACE-R's visuospatial domain were revealed as good tools to be included in the evaluation protocol. Regarding the 10/36 SPART's performance, four predictors were found (age, sex, education, and emotional distress) and cutoff scores were determined. CONCLUSIONS The visuospatial memory profile found was congruent with that described in the literature. The results were discussed according to their relevance for clinical practice and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia França
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of Oporto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Parada Lima
- Neuropsychology Unit of Psychology Department, São João University Hospital Center, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Oliveira
- Neurology Service, São João University Hospital Center, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Rosas
- Neurology Service, São João University Hospital Center, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
| | - Selene G Vicente
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of Oporto University, Porto, Portugal
- Psychology Center, Oporto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Sousa
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences of Oporto University, Porto, Portugal
- Neuropsychology Unit of Psychology Department, São João University Hospital Center, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto, Portugal
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Fonseca BHDS, de Andrade PHS, Henrique MESA, Baggio JADO, Bazan R, de Souza LAPS, Luvizutto GJ. Perception of verticality in the post-COVID-19 condition correlates to infection severity. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2023; 15:11795735231195693. [PMID: 38025401 PMCID: PMC10655649 DOI: 10.1177/11795735231195693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV-2 infection affects multiple systems, including musculoskeletal, neurological, and respiratory systems. Changes associated with physical inactivity due to prolonged hospitalization can affect the functional capacity of individuals with long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) or post-COVID-19 condition and may cause changes in some postural control functions, such as verticality. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the perception of verticality in individuals with long COVID. Design Cross-sectional study. Methods This study included 60 participants with post-COVID-19 condition divided into 2 groups: hospitalized group (n = 24), those hospitalized owing to SARS-CoV-2 infection; and non-hospitalized group (n = 36), those infected with SARS-CoV-2 but not hospitalized. All participants were examined using a post-COVID-19 functional status (PCFS), sit-to-stand test, grip strength assessment, painful and tactile sensory assessments, visual acuity assessment, and vestibular assessment. Verticality perception was evaluated using the subjective visual vertical (SVV) and subjective haptic vertical (SHV) tests. In both tests, the absolute values (positive values only) and true values (positive and negative values) were considered. To verify potential confounders that could influence the verticality of the results, logistic regression models were used for categorical variables and multiple linear regressions were used for continuous variables. For analysis between groups, the independent samples test (Mann-Whitney U test) was used. Results There were no confounders between clinical variables and verticality in either group. There was a significant increase in absolute SVV (mean deviation [MD]: 2.83; P < .0001) and true SVV (MD: -4.18; P = .005) in the hospitalized group compared to the non-hospitalized group. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the true SHV (MD: -3.6; P = .026) in the hospitalized group compared to that in the non-hospitalized group. Conclusion Less accurate visual and haptic verticality perception task performance was observed in hospitalized patients with post-COVID-19 condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rodrigo Bazan
- Department of Neurology, Psychology, and Psychiatry, Botucatu Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo José Luvizutto
- Department of Applied Physical Therapy, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
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Totilienė M, Uloza V, Lesauskaitė V, Damulevičienė G, Kregždytė R, Kaski D, Ulozienė I. Impaired Subjective Visual Vertical and Increased Visual Dependence in Older Adults With Falls. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:667608. [PMID: 34177553 PMCID: PMC8232053 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.667608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging affects the vestibular system and may disturb the perception of verticality and lead to increased visual dependence (VD). Studies have identified that abnormal upright perception influences the risk of falling. The aim of our study was to evaluate subjective visual vertical (SVV) and VD using a mobile virtual reality-based system for SVV assessment (VIRVEST) in older adults with falls and evaluate its relationship with clinical balance assessment tools, dizziness, mental state, and depression level. This study included 37 adults >65 years who experienced falls and 40 non-faller age-matched controls. Three tests were performed using the VIRVEST system: a static SVV, dynamic SVV with clockwise and counter-clockwise background stimulus motion. VD was calculated as the mean of absolute values of the rod tilt from each trial of dynamic SVV minus the mean static SVV rod tilt. Older adults who experienced falls manifested significantly larger biases in static SVV (p = 0.012), dynamic SVV (p < 0.001), and VD (p = 0.014) than controls. The increase in static SVV (odds ratio = 1.365, p = 0.023), dynamic SVV (odds ratio = 1.623, p < 0.001) and VD (odds ratio = 1.460, p = 0.010) tilt by one degree significantly related to falls risk in the faller group. Fallers who had a high risk of falling according to the Tinetti test exhibited significantly higher tilts of dynamic SVV than those who had a low or medium risk (p = 0.037). In the faller group, the increase of the dynamic SVV tilt by one degree was significantly related to falls risk according to the Tinetti test (odds ratio = 1.356, p = 0.049). SVV errors, particularly with the dynamic SVV test (i.e., greater VD) were associated with an increased risk of falling in the faller group. The VIRVEST system may be applicable in clinical settings for SVV testing and predicting falls in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milda Totilienė
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Virgilijus Uloza
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vita Lesauskaitė
- Department of Geriatrics, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gytė Damulevičienė
- Department of Geriatrics, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rima Kregždytė
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Diego Kaski
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ingrida Ulozienė
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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