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Garney WR, Wendel ML, Decker HR, Flores SA. Advancing the Systems Science Paradigm in Public Health Through Intervention and Evaluation. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2023; 46:S2-S5. [PMID: 37696011 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Whitney R Garney
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M School of Public Health, College Station (Dr Garney and Ms Flores); and Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, University of Louisville School of Public Health & Information Sciences, Louisville, Kentucky (Mss Decker and Wendel)
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Rogers CJ, Cutler B, Bhamidipati K, Ghosh JK. Preparing for the next outbreak: A review of indices measuring outbreak preparedness, vulnerability, and resilience. Prev Med Rep 2023; 35:102282. [PMID: 37333424 PMCID: PMC10264331 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for relevant metrics describing the resources and community attributes that affect the impact of communicable disease outbreaks. Such tools can help inform policy, assess change, and identify gaps to potentially reduce the negative outcomes of future outbreaks. The present review was designed to identify available indices to assess communicable disease outbreak preparedness, vulnerability, or resilience, including articles describing an index or scale developed to address disasters or emergencies which could be applied to addressing a future outbreak. This review assesses the landscape of indices available, with a particular focus on tools assessing local-level attributes. This systematic review yielded 59 unique indices applicable to assessing communicable disease outbreaks through the lens of preparedness, vulnerability, or resilience. However, despite the large number of tools identified, only 3 of these indices assessed factors at the local level and were generalizable to different types of outbreaks. Given the influence of local resources and community attributes on a wide range of communicable disease outcomes, there is a need for local-level tools that can be applied broadly to various types of outbreaks. Such tools should assess both current and long-term changes in outbreak preparedness with the intent to identify gaps, inform local-level decision makers, public policy, and future response to current and novel outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Rogers
- Heluna Health 13300 Crossroads Pkwy N #450, City of Industry, CA 91746, United States
- Department of Health Sciences, California State University, Northridge, CA, United States
| | - Blayne Cutler
- Heluna Health 13300 Crossroads Pkwy N #450, City of Industry, CA 91746, United States
| | - Kasturi Bhamidipati
- Heluna Health 13300 Crossroads Pkwy N #450, City of Industry, CA 91746, United States
- Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, United States
| | - Jo Kay Ghosh
- Heluna Health 13300 Crossroads Pkwy N #450, City of Industry, CA 91746, United States
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Hyder AA, Thorpe JH, Migliaccio E, Kazeem N, Goldman LR. A school of public health responds to the pandemic: A case study from Washington D.C. Front Public Health 2022; 10:896195. [PMID: 36388281 PMCID: PMC9641952 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.896195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of COVID-19 immediately affected higher education, and the closure of campuses at the start of the pandemic in March of 2020 forced educational institutions to quickly adapt to changing circumstances. Schools of public health faced challenges not only of shifting to remote learning and work environments, but also uniquely redirecting public health research and service efforts toward COVID-19. This paper offers a case study of how the Milken Institute School of Public Health at the George Washington University (GWSPH), the only school of public health in the nation's capital, initially adapted to the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a modified version of the Public Health Preparedness and Response Core Competency Model created by the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we analyze how GWSPH worked in three areas-research, education, service/operations. We reviewed this initial response across four domains: model leadership; communication and management of information; planning and improving practice; and protecting worker (and student) health and safety. The adaptation of the model and the analysis of GWSPH's initial response to the pandemic can be useful to other schools of public health and health sciences in the United States and beyond, in preparing for all hazards. We hope that such analysis also informs the current concerns of schools such as return to in-person education as well as planning for future public health crises.
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Iddrisu M, Pwavra JBP, Ohene LA, Ani-Amponsah M, Buertey AA, Aziato L. Perspectives of nurses on preparedness for combating COVID-19 crisis in Ghana: A qualitative inquiry. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2021; 15:100382. [PMID: 34849339 PMCID: PMC8612750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2021.100382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has impacted negatively on people physically, psychologically, spiritually, and socioeconomically worldwide. Nurses’ ability to prepare towards case management is imperative because the potential of one coming across the virus at the hospital is inevitable. This study intended to explore and describe nurses’ perspectives on preparation towards fighting COVID 19 in Ghana. Methods A qualitative exploratory descriptive design was adopted. Nine major health facilities designated for COVID-19 treatment centres in four regions in Ghana were involved in the study. A semi structured interview guide was used to interview twenty-nine nurses via telephone based on data saturation. Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee of the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Ghana. Result data yielded two major themes and four subthemes. The two main themes were 1. Health facilities’ preparation of nurses towards COVID-19, with its subthemes; targeted training, and selection of experienced staff. 2. Nurses’ individual preparedness towards COVID-19 with the subthemes; information sourcing and sharing. Nurses in Ghana prepared for combating COVID-19 by going through training on infection prevention and control, and case management using demonstrations and simulations. Experienced nurses in Ghana volunteered to be at the frontline managing cases. Continuous updates on the virus and its management through information tracking sharing played a key role. Conclusion Nurses in Ghana need to have more specialty training targeted at diseases of public health importance. Key words: Nurse; preparedness; covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merri Iddrisu
- Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Joyce B P Pwavra
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Lillian A Ohene
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Mary Ani-Amponsah
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Abigail Ansere Buertey
- Department of Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Ghana
| | - Lydia Aziato
- Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Ghana
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5
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Ayenew LG, Hoelscher MA, Emshoff JG, Kidder DP, Ellis BA. Evaluation of the public health achievements made by projects supported by a federal contract mechanism at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), USA. EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING 2021; 88:101949. [PMID: 34029890 DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2021.101949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established the Achieving Public Health Impact through Research (APHIR) contract mechanism. APHIR provides CDC's Centers, Institute, and Offices (CIOs) a mechanism that supports multiyear, high impact public health research. Awarded projects supported research on a wide range of topics (e.g., cancer surveillance, HIV education programs, development of biological assays, and evaluation of traumatic brain injury prevention programs) and achieved diverse outcomes (e.g., contribution to the body of knowledge in their field, changes in practice and health service delivery, and capacity building). This article describes how existing impact frameworks and a variety of methods and tools (key informant interviews, online survey, bibliometric analysis, Altmetric and document reviews) were used to identify the outcomes achieved by awarded projects. The approach discussed in this paper can be used to evaluate projects that involve a diversity of activities and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa G Ayenew
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) Fellow, Office of Science, Deputy Director for Public Health Science and Surveillance, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | - Mary A Hoelscher
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | | | - Daniel P Kidder
- Program Performance and Evaluation Office, Office of the Associate Director for Policy and Strategy, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | - Barbara A Ellis
- Office of Science Quality, Office of Science, Deputy Director for Public Health Science and Surveillance, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333 (retired), USA.
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6
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DeVita T, Brett-Major D, Katz R. How are healthcare provider systems preparing for health emergency situations? WORLD MEDICAL & HEALTH POLICY 2021; 14:102-120. [PMID: 34226853 PMCID: PMC8242524 DOI: 10.1002/wmh3.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Natural disasters, disease outbreaks, famine, and human conflict have strained communities everywhere over the course of human existence. However, modern changes in climate, human mobility, and other factors have increased the global community's vulnerability to widespread emergencies. We are in the midst of a disruptive health event, with the COVID-19 pandemic testing our health provider systems globally. This study presents a qualitative analysis of published literature, obtained systematically, to examine approaches health providers are taking to prepare for and respond to mass casualty incidents around the globe. The research reveals emerging trends in the weaknesses of systems' disaster responses while highlighting proposed solutions, so that others may better prepare for future disasters. Additionally, the research examines gaps in the literature, to foster more targeted and actionable contributions to the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy DeVita
- Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - David Brett-Major
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska USA
| | - Rebecca Katz
- Center for Global Health Science and Security Georgetown University School of Medicine Washington District of Columbia USA
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7
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McCoy SI, MacDonald PDM. Need to Amplify Health Security? Fuse Academia and Practice. Public Health Rep 2020; 135:420-423. [PMID: 32492355 DOI: 10.1177/0033354920935075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra I McCoy
- 1438 Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Pia D M MacDonald
- 438446 RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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8
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Araz OM, Choi T, Olson DL, Salman FS. Role of Analytics for Operational Risk Management in the Era of Big Data. DECISION SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/deci.12451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur M Araz
- Supply Chain Management and Analytics Department College of Business University of Nebraska Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588
| | - Tsan‐Ming Choi
- Business Division, Institute of Textiles & Clothing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University 11 Yuk Choi Rd Hung Hom Hong Kong
| | - David L Olson
- Supply Chain Management and Analytics Department College of Business University of Nebraska Lincoln Lincoln NE 68588
| | - F. Sibel Salman
- Industrial Engineering Department College of Engineering Koc University, Rumelifeneri Sarıyer Rumeli Feneri Yolu Sarıyer/İstanbul 34450 Turkey
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Therrien M, Usher S, Matyas D. Enabling strategies and impeding factors to urban resilience implementation: A scoping review. JOURNAL OF CONTINGENCIES AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1468-5973.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan Usher
- École nationale d'administration publique Montréal QC Canada
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10
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Enhancing Access to Quality Online Training to Strengthen Public Health Preparedness and Response. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2019; 25:E1-E9. [PMID: 31589183 PMCID: PMC6791563 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000000811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. To improve access to quality online training materials developed from 2010 to 2015 by 14 Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Centers (PERLCs) by creating quality standards and enhancing searchability through a new Web-based public health training catalog.
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Savoia E, Guicciardi S, Bernard DP, Harriman N, Leinhos M, Testa M. Preparedness Emergency Response Research Centers (PERRCs): Addressing Public Health Preparedness Knowledge Gaps Using a Public Health Systems Perspective. Am J Public Health 2019; 108:S363-S365. [PMID: 30422694 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2018.304812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Savoia
- Elena Savoia, Dorothy Pordon Bernard, Nigel Harriman, Marcia Testa are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Stefano Guicciardi is with the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Istituto di Igiene, Sanità Pubblica e Organizzazione dei Servizi Sanitari, Via San Giacomo, Bologna, Italy. Mary Leinhos is with the Office of Applied Research, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA
| | - Stefano Guicciardi
- Elena Savoia, Dorothy Pordon Bernard, Nigel Harriman, Marcia Testa are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Stefano Guicciardi is with the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Istituto di Igiene, Sanità Pubblica e Organizzazione dei Servizi Sanitari, Via San Giacomo, Bologna, Italy. Mary Leinhos is with the Office of Applied Research, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA
| | - Dorothy Pordon Bernard
- Elena Savoia, Dorothy Pordon Bernard, Nigel Harriman, Marcia Testa are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Stefano Guicciardi is with the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Istituto di Igiene, Sanità Pubblica e Organizzazione dei Servizi Sanitari, Via San Giacomo, Bologna, Italy. Mary Leinhos is with the Office of Applied Research, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA
| | - Nigel Harriman
- Elena Savoia, Dorothy Pordon Bernard, Nigel Harriman, Marcia Testa are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Stefano Guicciardi is with the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Istituto di Igiene, Sanità Pubblica e Organizzazione dei Servizi Sanitari, Via San Giacomo, Bologna, Italy. Mary Leinhos is with the Office of Applied Research, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA
| | - Mary Leinhos
- Elena Savoia, Dorothy Pordon Bernard, Nigel Harriman, Marcia Testa are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Stefano Guicciardi is with the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Istituto di Igiene, Sanità Pubblica e Organizzazione dei Servizi Sanitari, Via San Giacomo, Bologna, Italy. Mary Leinhos is with the Office of Applied Research, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA
| | - Marcia Testa
- Elena Savoia, Dorothy Pordon Bernard, Nigel Harriman, Marcia Testa are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation and Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation and Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Stefano Guicciardi is with the Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Istituto di Igiene, Sanità Pubblica e Organizzazione dei Servizi Sanitari, Via San Giacomo, Bologna, Italy. Mary Leinhos is with the Office of Applied Research, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA
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Maddock JE, Payne SA, Jett S, Kellman M. Translation, Dissemination, and Implementation of Public Health Preparedness Research and Training: Introduction and Contents of the Volume. Am J Public Health 2019; 108:S349-S350. [PMID: 30422697 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2018.304848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay E Maddock
- Jay E. Maddock is with the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health at Texas A&M University, College Station. Skip A. Payne and Maxine Kellman are with the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC. Swannie Jett is with the Brookline Department of Health and Human Services, Brookline, MA. The authors are also guest editors for this supplement issue
| | - Skip A Payne
- Jay E. Maddock is with the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health at Texas A&M University, College Station. Skip A. Payne and Maxine Kellman are with the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC. Swannie Jett is with the Brookline Department of Health and Human Services, Brookline, MA. The authors are also guest editors for this supplement issue
| | - Swannie Jett
- Jay E. Maddock is with the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health at Texas A&M University, College Station. Skip A. Payne and Maxine Kellman are with the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC. Swannie Jett is with the Brookline Department of Health and Human Services, Brookline, MA. The authors are also guest editors for this supplement issue
| | - Maxine Kellman
- Jay E. Maddock is with the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health at Texas A&M University, College Station. Skip A. Payne and Maxine Kellman are with the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC. Swannie Jett is with the Brookline Department of Health and Human Services, Brookline, MA. The authors are also guest editors for this supplement issue
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Kelliher R. Academic and Practice Partnerships: Building an Effective Public Health System Focusing on Public Health Preparedness and Response. Am J Public Health 2018; 108:S353-S354. [PMID: 30422696 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2018.304726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Kelliher
- The author is with the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health (ASPPH), Washington, DC
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Qari SH, Leinhos MR, Thomas TN, Carbone EG. Overview of the Translation, Dissemination, and Implementation of Public Health Preparedness and Response Research and Training Initiative. Am J Public Health 2018; 108:S355-S362. [PMID: 30260695 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2018.304709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We provide an overview of a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded public health preparedness and response (PHPR) research and training initiative to improve public health practice. Our objectives were to accelerate the translation, dissemination, and implementation (TDI) of promising PHPR evidence-based tools and trainings developed by the Preparedness and Emergency Response Research Centers (PERRC) or the Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Centers (PERLC) between 2008 and 2015. Nine competitive awards were made to seven academic centers to achieve predetermined TDI objectives. The outputs attained by the initiative included: user-friendly online repositories of PERRC and PERLC tools and trainings; training courses that addressed topics; a community resilience manual to synthesize, translate, and implement evidence-based programs; and Web applications that supported legal preparedness, exercise evaluation, and immunization education. The evaluation identified several best practices and potential barriers to implementation. As illustrated by the work in this supplement, the broader awareness and implementation of PERRC preparedness products and PERLC trainings and the continued evaluation of their impact could enhance the PHPR capacity and capability of the nation, which could lead to improved health security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoukat H Qari
- All of the authors are with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Atlanta, GA
| | - Mary R Leinhos
- All of the authors are with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Atlanta, GA
| | - Tracy N Thomas
- All of the authors are with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Atlanta, GA
| | - Eric G Carbone
- All of the authors are with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Atlanta, GA
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Yusuf H, Ekperi L, Groseclose S, Siegfried A, Meit M, Carbone E. Research participation among state and local public health emergency preparedness and response programs. Public Health 2018; 159:133-136. [PMID: 29673556 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of our study was to assess whether state and local health staff participated in public health emergency preparedness research activities and what partner organizations they collaborated with on research. STUDY DESIGN This is a cross-sectional study. METHODS Data were derived from a 2014 web-based survey of state, territorial, and local health departments conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and NORC at the University of Chicago as part of a larger project to assess the public health emergency preparedness and response research priorities of state and local health departments. RESULTS Overall, 30% of survey respondents indicated that health department staff were involved in public health preparedness and response research-related activities. Thirty-four percent indicated that they were extremely or moderately familiar with emergency preparedness research and literature. Approximately 67% of respondents reported interest in receiving additional information and/or training related to the preparedness research and literature. The most frequently reported partners for collaboration in preparedness research-related activities were schools of public health (34%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that there is health department interest in learning more about preparedness and response science and that additional efforts are needed to increase health department participation in public health emergency preparedness and response research-related activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yusuf
- Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
| | - L Ekperi
- Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - S Groseclose
- Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - A Siegfried
- NORC at the University of Chicago, 4350 East-West Highway, Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - M Meit
- NORC at the University of Chicago, 4350 East-West Highway, Suite 800, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - E Carbone
- Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
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Savoia E, Lin L, Bernard D, Klein N, James LP, Guicciardi S. Public Health System Research in Public Health Emergency Preparedness in the United States (2009-2015): Actionable Knowledge Base. Am J Public Health 2017; 107:e1-e6. [PMID: 28892437 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2017.304051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2008, the Institute of Medicine released a letter report identifying 4 research priority areas for public health emergency preparedness in public health system research: (1) enhancing the usefulness of training, (2) improving timely emergency communications, (3) creating and maintaining sustainable response systems, and (4) generating effectiveness criteria and metrics. OBJECTIVES To (1) identify and characterize public health system research in public health emergency preparedness produced in the United States from 2009 to 2015, (2) synthesize research findings and assess the level of confidence in these findings, and (3) describe the evolution of knowledge production in public health emergency preparedness system research. Search Methods and Selection Criteria. We reviewed and included the titles and abstracts of 1584 articles derived from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and gray literature databases that focused on the organizational or financial aspects of public health emergency preparedness activities and were grounded on empirical studies. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We included 156 articles. We appraised the quality of the studies according to the study design. We identified themes during article analysis and summarized overall findings by theme. We determined level of confidence in the findings with the GRADE-CERQual tool. MAIN RESULTS Thirty-one studies provided evidence on how to enhance the usefulness of training. Results demonstrated the utility of drills and exercises to enhance decision-making capabilities and coordination across organizations, the benefit of cross-sector partnerships for successfully implementing training activities, and the value of integrating evaluation methods to support training improvement efforts. Thirty-six studies provided evidence on how to improve timely communications. Results supported the use of communication strategies that address differences in access to information, knowledge, attitudes, and practices across segments of the population as well as evidence on specific communication barriers experienced by public health and health care personnel. Forty-eight studies provided evidence on how to create and sustain preparedness systems. Results included how to build social capital across organizations and citizens and how to develop sustainable and useful planning efforts that maintain flexibility and rely on available medical data. Twenty-six studies provided evidence on the usefulness of measurement efforts, such as community and organizational needs assessments, and new methods to learn from the response to critical incidents. CONCLUSIONS In the United States, the field of public health emergency preparedness system research has been supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention since the release of the 2008 Institute of Medicine letter report. The first definition of public health emergency preparedness appeared in 2007, and before 2008 there was a lack of research and empirical evidence across all 4 research areas identified by the Institute of Medicine. This field can be considered relatively new compared with other research areas in public health; for example, tobacco control research can rely on more than 70 years of knowledge production. However, this review demonstrates that, during the past 7 years, public health emergency preparedness system research has evolved from generic inquiry to the analysis of specific interventions with more empirical studies. Public Health Implications: The results of this review provide an evidence base for public health practitioners responsible for enhancing key components of preparedness and response such as communication, training, and planning efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Savoia
- Elena Savoia, Leesa Lin, Dottie Bernard, Noah Klein, Lyndon P. James, and Stefano Guicciardi are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation & Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation & Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Leesa Lin
- Elena Savoia, Leesa Lin, Dottie Bernard, Noah Klein, Lyndon P. James, and Stefano Guicciardi are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation & Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation & Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Dottie Bernard
- Elena Savoia, Leesa Lin, Dottie Bernard, Noah Klein, Lyndon P. James, and Stefano Guicciardi are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation & Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation & Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Noah Klein
- Elena Savoia, Leesa Lin, Dottie Bernard, Noah Klein, Lyndon P. James, and Stefano Guicciardi are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation & Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation & Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Lyndon P James
- Elena Savoia, Leesa Lin, Dottie Bernard, Noah Klein, Lyndon P. James, and Stefano Guicciardi are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation & Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation & Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Stefano Guicciardi
- Elena Savoia, Leesa Lin, Dottie Bernard, Noah Klein, Lyndon P. James, and Stefano Guicciardi are with the Emergency Preparedness Research, Evaluation & Practice (EPREP) Program, Division of Policy Translation & Leadership Development, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Qari SH, Abramson DM, Kushma JA, Halverson PK. Preparedness and emergency response research centers: early returns on investment in evidence-based public health systems research. Public Health Rep 2014; 129 Suppl 4:1-4. [PMID: 25355968 DOI: 10.1177/00333549141296s401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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