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Kim JH, Chun J, Kim J, Ju HJ, Kim BJ, Jeong J, Lee DH. Emotion regulation from a virtue perspective. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:11. [PMID: 38173038 PMCID: PMC10765715 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01490-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to regulate one's emotional state is an important predictor of several behaviors such as reframing a challenging situation to reduce anger or anxiety, concealing visible signs of sadness or fear, or focusing on reasons to feel happy or calm. This capacity is referred to as emotion regulation. Deficits in this ability can adversely affect one's adaptive coping, thus are associated with a variety of other psychopathological symptoms, including but not limited to depression, borderline personality disorder, substance use disorders, eating disorders, and somatoform disorders. METHODS The present study examined emotion regulation in relation to the virtue-based psychosocial adaptation model (V-PAM). 595 participants were clustered based on their Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) score, producing two clusters (i.e., high functioning vs. low functioning). Then, emotion regulation group membership was discriminated by using five V-PAM virtue constructs, including courage, integrity, practical wisdom, committed action, and emotional transcendence. RESULTS Results show that five virtues contribute to differentiating group membership. Practical wisdom was the strongest contributor, followed by integrity, emotional transcendence, committed action, and courage. Predictive discriminant analysis was conducted and 71% of cases were correctly classified. A discussion of the relationship between emotion regulation and virtues was elaborated. CONCLUSION The concept of virtue holds significant importance in the comprehension of an individual's capacity to regulate their emotions, meriting future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Han Kim
- School of Rehabilitation Services and Counseling, University of Texas - Rio Grande Valley, 1201 W University Dr, Edinburg, TX, 78539, USA
| | - Jina Chun
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Special Education, University of Wisconsin- Madison, 1000 Bascom Mall, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jaeyoung Kim
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special Education, Michigan State University, 620 Farm Lane, Erickson Hall Rm. 459, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Hyun-Ju Ju
- Department of Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education, University of Kentucky, 597 S Upper St, Lexington, KY, 40508, USA
| | - Byung Jin Kim
- Department of Counselor Education and Rehabilitation, California State University-Fresno, 5241 N Maple Ave, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA
| | - Jeongwoon Jeong
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, 51112 Hoam Hall, 25‑2, Sungkyunkwan‑ro, Jongno‑gu, 03063, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Traumatic Stress Center, Department of Education, Sungkyunkwan University, 16419, Seoul, South Korea.
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Lomas T, VanderWeele TJ. Toward an Expanded Taxonomy of Happiness: A Conceptual Analysis of 16 Distinct Forms of Mental Wellbeing. JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/00221678231155512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent decades have seen a surge of scientific interest in happiness. However, its theoretical conceptualization is a work in progress. Much of the literature focuses on two main forms: hedonic (encompassing life satisfaction and positive affect) and eudaimonic (encompassing phenomena such as character development and meaning in life). However, this binary has been critiqued as being incomplete, in part because it reflects a Western-centric perspective that overlooks forms emphasized in non-Western cultures. As a result, scholars have begun to highlight other forms besides hedonia and eudaimonia. This article surveys the literature to identify 16 potential forms in total, classified according to whether they primarily pertain to feelings (hedonic, contented, mature, chaironic, and vital), thought (evaluative, meaningful, intellective, aesthetic, and absorbed) or action (eudaimonic, masterful, accomplished, harmonic, nirvanic, and relational). This article thus offers a more expansive, albeit still just provisional, taxonomy of this vital and still-evolving topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Lomas
- Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Adaptation to Change Questionnaire for Nurses: Validation and New Needs in the Context of COVID-19. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9121762. [PMID: 34946488 PMCID: PMC8701125 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9121762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The worldwide pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has challenged healthcare systems and the professionals who work in them. This challenge involves strong changes to which nurses have had to quickly adapt. Emotional and cognitive–behavioral factors influence the capacity for adaptation to change. Based on this model, the objective of this study was to validate the Adaptation to Change Questionnaire (ADAPTA-10) for identifying professionals in a population of nurses who have problems adapting to adverse situations such as those caused by COVID-19. Methods: This study was performed with a sample of 351 nurses. (3) Results: The ADAPTA-10 questionnaire was found to have good psychometric properties, and to be an effective, useful tool for nurses in research and clinical practice. The two-dimensional structure proposed in the original model was confirmed. Scales are also provided by sex for evaluation of adaptation to change; the highest scores on the emotional component were among nurses who had not personally encountered the virus. Conclusions: This instrument will be able to detect of the needs for adaptation to the new reality associated with COVID-19, as well as other situations in which nurses are immersed that demand adaptation strategies.
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Kim JH, Lee J, Richardson TV, Lee DH, McMahon BT, Kim H, Sametz RR. Psychometric Validation of Adapted Inventory of Virtues and Strengths. REHABILITATION COUNSELING BULLETIN 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/0034355221993553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to validate the Adapted Inventory of Virtues and Strengths (AIVS). AIVS is a unique instrument that operationalizes virtues in terms of character traits that are specially designed for psychosocial adaptation and rehabilitation. Data were collected from 464 individuals with disabilities and analyzed via the combination of exploratory ( n = 256) and confirmatory analyses ( n = 208). Although the results suggest dropping some items, the original five-virtue structure was supported and confirmed via both analyses. The construct validity of AIVS was further analyzed via correlation analyses between AIVS and other measures including Values in Action Inventory of Strengths 72-Item, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Connor-Davison Resilience Scale, and General Self-Efficacy Scale. The results suggest that with continuing research to document reliability and validity, AIVS has potential in the context of rehabilitation research. Further discussion on psychometric information of AIVS and future implications were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Han Kim
- Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, USA
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Design and Validation of the Adaptation to Change Questionnaire: New Realities in Times of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155612. [PMID: 32759711 PMCID: PMC7432046 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Emotional and cognitive-behavioral factors influence people’s adaptability to change. Based on this premise, the objective of this study was to develop, evaluate and validate the Adaptation to Change Questionnaire (ADAPTA-10) for identifying those who show poor adaptability to adverse situations, such as those caused by COVID-19. This study was carried out in a sample of 1160 adults and produced a 10-item instrument with good reliability and validity indices. It is an effective tool useful in research and in clinical practice. Calculation tables are provided for the general Spanish population and by sex to evaluate adaptability to change. The two-dimensional structure proposed in the original model was confirmed. This instrument will enable the needs for adaptation to the new reality associated with COVID-19 to be detected and also other situations in which the subject becomes immersed which demand adaptation strategies in the new situation lived in.
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