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Gadenstaetter AJ, Krumpoeck PE, Auinger AB, Yildiz E, Tu A, Matula C, Arnoldner C, Landegger LD. Prestin in Human Perilymph, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Blood as a Biomarker for Hearing Loss. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024. [PMID: 38988299 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determining the concentration of prestin in human blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and perilymph (PL), and evaluating its suitability as a clinical biomarker for sensori-neural hearing loss (SNHL). STUDY DESIGN Human blood, CSF, and PL samples were intraoperatively collected from 42 patients with tumors of the internal auditory canal or with intracochlear tumors undergoing translabyrinthine or middle fossa tumor removal. Prestin concentration was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and linear regression analyses were performed to investigate its associations with audiological as well as vestibular test results. SETTING Tertiary referral center. RESULTS The median prestin concentration in blood samples of the 42 study participants (26 women, mean ± standard deviation age, 52.7 ± 12.5 years) was 1.32 (interquartile range, IQR, 0.71-1.99) ng/mL. CSF prestin levels were significantly higher with 4.73 (IQR, 2.45-14.03) ng/mL (P = .005). With 84.74 (IQR, 38.95-122.00) ng/mL, PL prestin concentration was significantly higher compared to blood (P = .01) and CSF (P = .03) levels. Linear regression analyses showed significant associations of CSF prestin concentration with preoperative hearing levels (pure-tone average and word recognition; P = .008, R2 = 0.1894; P = .03, R2 = 0.1857), but no correlations with blood or PL levels. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE This study's findings highlight the volatile nature of prestin levels and provide the first insights into this potential biomarker's concentrations in body fluids apart from blood. Future investigations should comprehensively assess human prestin levels with different etiologies of SNHL, prestin's natural homeostasis and systemic circulation, and its temporal dynamics after cochlear trauma. Finally, clinically approved detection kits for prestin are urgently required prior to considering a potential translational implementation of this diagnostic technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselm Joseph Gadenstaetter
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Emmerich Krumpoeck
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Barbara Auinger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erdem Yildiz
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Aldine Tu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Matula
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Arnoldner
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas David Landegger
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inner Ear Research, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Zheng J, Zhou Y, Fuentes RJ, Tan X. Verification of Outer Hair Cell Motor Protein, Prestin, as a Serological Biomarker for Mouse Cochlear Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7285. [PMID: 39000390 PMCID: PMC11241755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The motor protein prestin, found in the inner ear's outer hair cells (OHCs), is responsible for high sensitivity and sharp frequency selectivity in mammalian hearing. Some studies have suggested that prestin could be a serological biomarker for cochlear damage, as OHCs are highly vulnerable to damage from various sources. However, the reported data are inconsistent and lack appropriate negative controls. To investigate whether prestin can be used as a serological biomarker for cochlear damage or stress, we measured prestin quantities in the bloodstreams of mice using ELISA kits from different companies. Wildtype (WT) mice were exposed to different ototoxic treatments, including noise exposure and ototoxic reagents that rapidly kill OHCs. Prestin-knockout (KO) mice were used as a negative control. Our data show that some ELISA kits were not able to detect prestin specifically. The ELISA kit that could detect the prestin protein from cochlear homogenates failed to detect prestin in the bloodstream, despite there being significant damage to OHCs in the cochleae. Furthermore, the optical densities of the serum samples, which correlate to prestin quantities, were significantly influenced by hemolysis in the samples. In conclusion, Prestin from OHCs is not a sensitive and reliable serological biomarker for detecting cochlear damage in mice using ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago Campus, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (R.J.F.); (X.T.)
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Communication, Evanston Campus, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;
- The Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Yingjie Zhou
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Communication, Evanston Campus, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA;
| | - Robert J. Fuentes
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago Campus, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (R.J.F.); (X.T.)
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago Campus, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; (R.J.F.); (X.T.)
- The Knowles Hearing Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Baskadem Yilmazer A, Tanrısever O, Alagoz MH, Yilmazer R, Goker AE, Tutar B, Uyar Y. Evaluation of inner ear damage by mastoid drilling with measurement of serum prestin (SLC26A5) levels. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 90:101380. [PMID: 38237483 PMCID: PMC10828577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to demonstrate any inner ear injury caused by drilling in mastoid surgery with prestin, outer hair cell motor protein specific to the cochlea. METHODS The patients with chronic otitis media requiring mastoidectomy (n = 21) and myringoplasty (n = 21) were included. Serum prestin level obtained from blood samples was measured before surgery and on postoperative days 0, 3, and 7 using Human Prestin (SLC26A5) ELISA Kit. All patients underwent the Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) test before surgery and on the postoperative 7th day. The drilling time was also recorded for all patients who underwent mastoidectomy. RESULTS In both mastoidectomy and myringoplasty groups, the postoperative serum prestin levels increased on days 0 and 7 (pday-0 = 0.002, pday-7 = 0.001 and pday-0 = 0.005, pday-7 = 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the serum prestin levels between the two groups, postoperatively. The PTA thresholds at day 7 did not change in either group. A significant decline at 2000 Hz of bone conduction hearing threshold in both groups and a decline at 4000 Hz in the myringoplasty group were found. There was no correlation between the drilling time and the increase of prestin levels in the postoperative day 0, 3, and 7. CONCLUSION Our results showed that mastoid drilling is not related to a significant inner ear injury. Although the myringoplasty group was not exposed to drill trauma, there was a similar increase in serum prestin levels as the mastoidectomy group. Also, a significant decline at 2000 Hz of bone conduction hearing threshold in both groups and a decline at 4000 Hz in the myringoplasty group were found. These findings suggest that suction and ossicular manipulation trauma can lead to an increase in serum prestin levels and postoperative temporary or permanent SNHL at 2000 and 4000 Hz. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Baskadem Yilmazer
- Saglik Bilimleri University, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Onur Tanrısever
- Saglik Bilimleri University, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Maide Hacer Alagoz
- Saglik Bilimleri University, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu Hospital, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rasim Yilmazer
- Saglik Bilimleri University, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Enise Goker
- Saglik Bilimleri University, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Belgin Tutar
- Saglik Bilimleri University, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Uyar
- Saglik Bilimleri University, Prof. Dr. Cemil Tascioglu Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey
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Al Samarrai ARH, Mahdi BM, Parham K. Relationship of Serum Prestin Levels to the Severity of Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Cureus 2024; 16:e53763. [PMID: 38465090 PMCID: PMC10921123 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prestin is an outer hair cell (OHC) protein responsible for increasing cochlear sensitivity and has been proposed as a biomarker. We aimed to evaluate whether the serum prestin level is related to the severity of chronic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). METHODS Ninety subjects were recruited from the patient base at Samarra public hospitals and clinics in Iraq from January to October of 2022. They were divided into three groups equally: a group of healthy people without hearing loss (G0), a group with moderate SNHL (G1), and a group with severe SNHL (G2). The subjects ranged from 20 to 80 years of age and included 51 males and 39 females. Blood samples were collected, then serum was separated, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to quantify the levels of prestin. RESULTS Hearing thresholds were sequentially statistically higher across the three groups. While prestin levels were significantly higher in G1 and G2 than that in G0, there were no differences between the G1 and G2 levels. Serum prestin levels were positively correlated with hearing thresholds in G1, but not G2. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that in the clinical setting, prestin is sensitive to chronic mild to moderate SNHL (i.e., up to 40-60 dB), not more severe loss. This range is consistent with the added sensitivity provided by OHCs in the cochlea and provides support for prestin as a biomarker of OHC-mediated SNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bakr M Mahdi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Samarra General Hospital, Samarra, IRQ
| | - Kourosh Parham
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, USA
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Harrison MS, Driscoll BG, Farnsworth J, Hinton A, Peppi M, McLean W, Parham K. Automated Western Blot Analysis of Ototoxin-Induced Prestin Burst in the Blood after Cyclodextrin Exposure. Otol Neurotol 2023; 44:e653-e659. [PMID: 37590840 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Ototoxin cyclodextrin (CDX) will induce a burst in serum prestin when quantified with automated Western blot analysis. BACKGROUND In the clinical realm, we primarily rely on audiological measures for diagnosis and surveillance of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and have limited therapeutic options. We have proposed a blood-based biomarker approach to overcome this challenge by measuring the outer hair cell's (OHC) electromotile protein, prestin, in the blood. Previously, we demonstrated a burst in serum prestin after cisplatin exposure using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayELISA. METHODS Guinea pigs were treated with either 3,000 or 4,000 mg/kg CDX, and serum samples were obtained through 3 days after exposure. Serum prestin levels were quantified using automated blot analysis, western and hair cell counts were obtained. RESULTS Both 3,000 and 4,000 mg/kg resulted in robust OHC loss, although more variability was seen at the lower dose. Automated Western blot analysis demonstrated that the prestin profile after CDX exposure is different than baseline. Specifically, a new ~134- kDa band accounted for the prestin burst after ototoxin ablation of OHCs at both doses. CONCLUSIONS We reproduced the prestin burst seen after cisplatin administration using CDX. Automated Western blot western analysis revealed that a ~a ~ 134- kDa species of prestin is responsible for the burst. We suggest that the induced band may be a prestin dimer, which could serve as a biomarker for early detection of ototoxicity in the clinical setting. These results add further promise to the potential of serum prestin to serve as an ototoxicity biomarker when using therapeutics with ototoxic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kourosh Parham
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut
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Al-Azzawi A, Stapleton E. Blood tests as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in adults: a systematic review. J Laryngol Otol 2023; 137:977-984. [PMID: 36794400 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215123000282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is considered idiopathic in up to 90 per cent of cases. This study explored the role of blood tests as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. METHOD Two researchers filtered 34 papers into the final review. This review was pre-registered on the Prospero database and conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. RESULTS Raised inflammatory markers are almost universal in sudden sensorineural hearing loss, suggesting an inflammatory or autoimmune process. The most useful biomarkers are neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio and fibrinogen level. Focused investigations should be deployed on a case-by-case basis to identify underlying metabolic, infective and autoimmune conditions. CONCLUSION A full blood count and coagulation screen (fibrinogen) is recommended in all cases of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. These are inexpensive, accessible and offer as much diagnostic and prognostic information as any other biomarker. There is emerging evidence regarding specific biomarkers for sudden sensorineural hearing loss prognosis, with heat shock protein-70, anti-endothelial cell antibody and prestin demonstrating potential; investigation of their validity through prospective, controlled research is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Azzawi
- Medical School, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - E Stapleton
- Department of Otolaryngology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK
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Alwood JS, Mulavara AP, Iyer J, Mhatre SD, Rosi S, Shelhamer M, Davis C, Jones CW, Mao XW, Desai RI, Whitmire AM, Williams TJ. Circuits and Biomarkers of the Central Nervous System Relating to Astronaut Performance: Summary Report for a NASA-Sponsored Technical Interchange Meeting. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1852. [PMID: 37763256 PMCID: PMC10532466 DOI: 10.3390/life13091852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers, ranging from molecules to behavior, can be used to identify thresholds beyond which performance of mission tasks may be compromised and could potentially trigger the activation of countermeasures. Identification of homologous brain regions and/or neural circuits related to operational performance may allow for translational studies between species. Three discussion groups were directed to use operationally relevant performance tasks as a driver when identifying biomarkers and brain regions or circuits for selected constructs. Here we summarize small-group discussions in tables of circuits and biomarkers categorized by (a) sensorimotor, (b) behavioral medicine and (c) integrated approaches (e.g., physiological responses). In total, hundreds of biomarkers have been identified and are summarized herein by the respective group leads. We hope the meeting proceedings become a rich resource for NASA's Human Research Program (HRP) and the community of researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janani Iyer
- Universities Space Research Association (USRA), Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | | | - Susanna Rosi
- Department of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | - Mark Shelhamer
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Catherine Davis
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS), Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Christopher W. Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiao Wen Mao
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biomedical Engineering Sciences (BMES), Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Rajeev I. Desai
- Integrative Neurochemistry Laboratory, Behavioral Biology Program, McLean Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
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Asli RH, Akbarpour M, Lahiji MR, Leyli EK, Pastadast M, Ramezani H, Nemati S. Evaluation of the relationship between prestin serum biomarker and sensorineural hearing loss: a case-control study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:1147-1153. [PMID: 35939060 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-022-07586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH BACKGROUND AND AIM There is not any routine serum biomarker for diagnosing hearing loss (HL). An inner ear-specific protein, prestin can be measured as a serum biochemical marker for HL diagnosis. The present study investigates, for the first time, the relationship between prestin serum levels and sensorineural HL (SNHL) in an Iranian population. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this case-control study, 176 samples were examined in four groups including two control and two SNHL groups of 20-50 and ≥ 50 years with different severities of SNHL. Plasma prestin concentration was measured using Human Prestin (SLC26A5) ELISA Kit. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS v.23 with level of significance as 0.05. RESULTS Groups with SNHL had higher prestin levels (Mean = 182.29, SD = 71.24) compared to the control groups (Mean = 122.50, SD = 57.1) (P < 0.001). Results of the multinomial logistic regression of relationship between prestin level and SNHL remained significant after controlling intervening variables (P < 0.001 and odds ratio = 1.017 and 95% CI OR: 1.01-1.024). Results of the ordinal logistic regression model revealed that prestin level was significantly associated with the degree of HL (P < 0.001 and Odds ratio = 1.009 and 95% CI and OR: 1.005-1.013), so that the likelihood of HL increased with the rise in prestin levels. The best cutoff point for the 20-50 group was the prestin content of 132.5 pg/ml (sensitivity: 75%, specificity: 70.05%), while for the group of ≥ 50 was as 130 pg/ml (sensitivity: 84.1%, specificity: 68.2%). CONCLUSIONS Results of the present study revealed that prestin acts as a valuable biomarker for SNHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rastin Hosseinzadeh Asli
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, School of Medicine, Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 4139637459, Iran
| | - Maliheh Akbarpour
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, School of Medicine, Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 4139637459, Iran
| | - Mahtab Raji Lahiji
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, School of Medicine, Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 4139637459, Iran
| | - Ehsan Kazemnezhad Leyli
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Masoume Pastadast
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, School of Medicine, Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 4139637459, Iran
| | - Hedieh Ramezani
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, School of Medicine, Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 4139637459, Iran
| | - Shadman Nemati
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, School of Medicine, Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 4139637459, Iran.
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Yao Y, Guo Q, Luo W, Yang M, Liu J, Hou J, She W. Inflammatory Indicators in Peripheral Blood in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Patients With Different Audiogram Shapes. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2023; 102:90-95. [PMID: 36250504 DOI: 10.1177/01455613221132115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: A retrospective study was conducted to explore the immune-inflammatory responses in sudden sensorineural hearing Loss (SSNHL) patients with different audiogram shapes. Methods: One hundred and ten inpatients with SSNHL were assigned to 4 subgroups according to the audiogram shape and treated with systemic methylprednisolone. The numbers of white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, and monocytes were counted. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were calculated and statistically analyzed. Results: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, MLR, and systemic immune index (SII) of SSNHL patients were significantly higher than the control group, while PLR was not statistically significant. There were no statistical differences in NLR, PLR, MLR, and SII among the 4 subgroups. Conclusion: Immune-inflammatory response may be a common pathogenesis in all SSNHL patients with different audiogram shapes. The predictive value of these hematologic markers needs further research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, 66478Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jinling Hospital Qinhuai Medical Center of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinghua Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, 66478Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,66478Nanjing integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Jinling Hospital Qinhuai Medical Center of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Yang
- 66478Nanjing integrated traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, 66478Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 66506Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Hou
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, 66478Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 66506Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Wandong She
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, 66478Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 66506Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
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Liu X, Han K, Zhou M, Wu Y. Association between otolin-1 and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: A meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:950023. [PMID: 36601298 PMCID: PMC9806859 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.950023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is increasing research on the potential of inner ear proteins as serum biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of various inner ear diseases. Among them, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common vestibular disease. Notably, otolin-1, an inner ear-specific protein, is detectable in the serum of most patients with BPPV patients. Therefore, we found a need to conduct this meta-analysis to determine the relationship between otolin-1 in serum and BPPV. Methods This meta-analysis was conducted by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and China Network Knowledge Infrastructure databases for the eligible original studies in Chinese or English published between January 2010 and February 2022. Data were collected and pooled by using the mean differences (MDs) corresponding to 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity among these studies was assessed by using I2 statistics and the adopted fixed or random-effect mode thereafter. Egger's and Begg's tests were also used to assess the publication bias. Results This meta-analysis included six articles with a total of 585 participants. Serum otolin-1 levels were remarkably increased in patients with BPPV as compared to that in healthy controls (MD: 165.38, 95% CI: 110.13-220.64, p < 0.00001). However, Egger's and Begg's tests have indicated no publication bias, and the results were reliable based on the sensitivity analysis. Conclusion This meta-analysis indicated that there is a higher serum level of otolin-1 in patients with BPPV than in healthy controls. Therefore, otolin-1 may serve as a biomarker for the onset of BPPV.
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Parker A, Parham K, Skoe E. Age-related declines to serum prestin levels in humans. Hear Res 2022; 426:108640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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12
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Generotti C, Cox BC, Singh J, Hamilton D, McKenzie E, O'Malley BW, Li D. Subclinical diagnosis of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity with biomarkers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18032. [PMID: 36302835 PMCID: PMC9613680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A mouse model with cisplatin-induced ototoxicity was used in addition to human samples from the ITMAT Biobank at the University of Pennsylvania. Mouse auditory brainstem responses (ABR), inner ear histology, perilymph cisplatin sampling, and measurement of serum prestin via ELISA were performed. Human serum prestin level was measured via ELISA in patients with otological issues after cisplatin treatment and compared to matched controls. Serum prestin was significantly elevated before ABR threshold shifts in mice exposed to cisplatin compared to control mice. Prestin concentration also correlated with the severity of hearing threshold shifts in mice. After an extended rest post-cisplatin treatment, prestin returned to baseline levels in mice and humans. Prestin was significantly elevated in the serum before the onset of objective hearing loss and correlated with the severity of hearing damage indicating that prestin may function as an effective biomarker of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Human serum prestin levels responded similarly to mice > 3 weeks from ototoxic exposure with decreased levels of prestin in the serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Generotti
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd., BRB 1212, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Brandon C Cox
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge St, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Jarnail Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge St, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Deborah Hamilton
- Department of Pharmacology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge St, Springfield, IL, 62702, USA
| | - Erica McKenzie
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - Bert W O'Malley
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Daqing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd., BRB 1212, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Noise exposure levels predict blood levels of the inner ear protein prestin. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1154. [PMID: 35064195 PMCID: PMC8783004 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05131-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Serological biomarkers of inner ear proteins are a promising new approach for studying human hearing. Here, we focus on the serological measurement of prestin, a protein integral to a human’s highly sensitive hearing, expressed in cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs). Building from recent nonhuman studies that associated noise-induced OHC trauma with reduced serum prestin levels, and studies suggesting subclinical hearing damage in humans regularly engaging in noisy activities, we investigated the relation between serum prestin levels and environmental noise levels in young adults with normal clinical audiograms. We measured prestin protein levels from circulating blood and collected noise level data multiple times over the course of the experiment using body-worn sound recorders. Results indicate that serum prestin levels have a negative relation with noise exposure: individuals with higher routine noise exposure levels tended to have lower prestin levels. Moreover, when grouping participants based on their risk for a clinically-significant noise-induced hearing loss, we found that prestin levels differed significantly between groups, even though behavioral hearing thresholds were similar. We discuss possible interpretations for our findings including whether lower serum levels may reflect subclinical levels of OHC damage, or possibly an adaptive, protective mechanism in which prestin expression is downregulated in response to loud environments.
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Assessment of prestin level changes as an inner-ear biomarker in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 2021; 136:1039-1043. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022215121003108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
To assess the correlation of serum prestin level and audiological findings in adults with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
Methods
Audiometry and serum prestin measurements were performed at study entry (T0), at day 14 (end of treatment, T1) and at day 30 (T2).
Results
A total of 25 idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients and 25 healthy adults were included. The geometric mean prestin level in the case and control groups at T0 was 227.7 pg/ml and 130.5 pg/ml, respectively. The geometric mean prestin level in the case group demonstrated a downward trend at T1 and T2 (214.0 pg/ml and 180.1 pg/ml, respectively; p < 0.001). Of 17 patients with high baseline prestin levels (over 150 pg/ml), prestin levels tended to decrease in 11 patients, and 5 of them (45.5 per cent) showed good recovery.
Conclusion
The prestin concentrations increased in two-thirds of patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Future work is recommended to determine the location of injury.
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Evaluating the Role of Otologic Biomarkers to Differentiate Meniere's Disease and Vestibular Migraine. Ear Hear 2021; 43:699-702. [PMID: 34495899 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role for prestin and otolin-1 as biomarkers for differentiating Meniere's disease (MD) from vestibular migraine (VM). STUDY DESIGN It is a cross-sectional, cohort study. RESULTS There were 19 MD and 11 VM patients. In the 19 MD patients, the mean prestin level was 2.33 ng/ml compared to 0.64 ng/ml in VM patients (p = 0.238). Otolin-1 levels in MD patients were 109.67 pg/ml, while in VM patients, otolin-1 levels were 30.9 pg/ml (p = 0.102). In MD patients, prestin levels were correlated with word recognition scores, being strongest when prestin >2 ng/ml (rho = 0.9; p = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS Prestin and otolin-1 levels differed between MD patients relative to VM patients. The relationship between prestin and word recognition scores in MD suggests that there may be a role for prestin as a marker for inner ear function, but its role in differentiating MD from VM remains to be elucidated.
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Solis-Angeles S, Juárez-Pérez CA, Jiménez-Ramírez C, Cabello-López A, Aguilar-Madrid G, Del Razo LM. Prestin and otolin-1 proteins in the hearing loss of adults chronically exposed to lead. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 426:115651. [PMID: 34273409 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies in animal models and humans suggest that exposure to lead is associated with hearing loss. Lead can reach the inner ear through the blood circulation; evidence suggests that lead could accumulate in the inner ear, causing inner ear damage. AIM To evaluate prestin and otolin-1 protein levels and their relationship with an increased hearing threshold in participants exposed to lead. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with 315 participants from Tlaxcala, Mexico. Blood lead levels (BPb) were evaluated by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Serum prestin and otolin-1 were quantified using ELISA. Auditory function at frequencies of 0.125 to 8 kHz was evaluated in a soundproof chamber. RESULTS Participants were classified according to BPb: group I (<10 μg/dL) had a median BPb of 6 μg/dL and prestin levels of 11.06 ng/mL. While participants in group II (≥10 μg/dL) had a median of BPb 20.7 μg/dL (p < 0.05) and prestin levels of 0.15 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Participants in both groups showed a normal hearing. Otolin-1 levels were higher for participants with normal hearing and lower for participants with hearing loss in both groups, p > 0.05. Multiple linear regression models predict an average decrease of 0.17 to 0.26 ng/mL in prestin levels per decibel increase for the frequencies evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Participants with high BPb showed an increase in hearing threshold, and prestin levels decreased proportionally to the hearing threshold increase. This is the first study to evaluate prestin as a potential biomarker for hearing damage, evaluated by audiometry, in participants with lead exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soledad Solis-Angeles
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cuauhtémoc A Juárez-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación de Salud en el Trabajo, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmina Jiménez-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Análisis Clínico, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Traumatología "Dr. Victorio De la Fuente Narváez", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Cabello-López
- Unidad de Investigación de Salud en el Trabajo, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Aguilar-Madrid
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luz M Del Razo
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico.
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Serum otolin-1 as a biomarker for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a case-control study. J Laryngol Otol 2021; 135:589-592. [PMID: 34137365 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215121001274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate serum otolin-1 levels in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and to compare these levels with healthy individuals. METHOD This was a case-control study. After obtaining institutional ethical committee clearance, the serum level of otolin-1 was calculated in adult individuals (18-75 years old) who were divided into group 1 (patients presenting with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo) and group 2 (healthy patients without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as the control group). Data analysis was carried out to compare the serum levels in the cases and controls. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS A total of 70 age-matched individuals (cases, n = 40; controls, n = 30) were included in the study. The mean serum level of otolin-1 was 636.8 pg/ml (range, 259-981 pg/ml) in the group of patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and 236.2 pg/ml (range, 189-370 pg/ml) in the control group. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0000). CONCLUSION The serum levels of otolin-1 in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo are significantly higher compared with individuals without benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.
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Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objectives: Recently, it has been hypothesized that blood prestin concentration levels may reflect cochlear damage and thus serve as an easily measurable, early sensorineural hearing loss (HL) biomarker. This is a scoping review aiming to identify and critically appraise current evidence on prestin blood levels and their temporal variation in rodents and humans with normal hearing and with sensorineural HL. Design: This study was designed and held according to PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. With no limitation with regards to study type, animal and human studies focusing on prestin blood levels in normal hearing and in sensorineural HL were sought in major databases such as Medline, Central Scopus, PROSPERO, and Clinicaltrials.gov. Results were then hand-searched. A data charting form was developed including the parameters of interest. Results: Seven studies focusing on measuring prestin blood levels by means of ELISA in rodents and human subjects with normal hearing and noise-induced, drug-induced, or idiopathic sudden HL were found eligible and were included in the analysis. According to these proof-of-concept studies, prestin can be detected in the circulation of subjects with no HL; however, normal ranges remain unclear. After cochlear damage, blood prestin levels seem to initially rise and then return to near or below baseline. The degree of their change relates with subjects’ degree of HL, damaged cochlear region and recovery. Prestin blood levels and their temporal variation seem to correlate with cochlear damage; however, methodological weaknesses, such as small sample size, lack of detailed phenotyping, insufficient exclusion of confounding factors, and short follow-up, do not allow for robust conclusions. Conclusions: Current findings support the value of studying blood prestin levels in normal hearing and HL and highlight a need for larger-scale longitudinal research.
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Reliability of Serological Prestin Levels in Humans and its Relation to Otoacoustic Emissions, a Functional Measure of Outer Hair Cells. Ear Hear 2021; 42:1151-1162. [PMID: 33859120 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Serological biomarkers, common to many areas of medicine, have the potential to inform on the health of the human body and to give early warning of risk of compromised function or illness before symptoms are experienced. Serological measurement of prestin, a motor protein uniquely produced and expressed in outer hair cells, has recently been identified as a potential biomarker to inform on the health of the cochlea. Before any test can be introduced into the clinical toolkit, the reproducibility of the measurement when repeated in the same subject must be considered. The primary objective of this study is to outline the test-retest reliability estimates and normative ranges for serological prestin in healthy young adults with normal hearing. In addition, we examine the relation between serum prestin levels and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) to compare this OHC-specific protein to the most common measure of OHC function currently used in hearing assessments. DESIGN We measured prestin levels serologically from circulating blood in 34 young adults (18 to 24 years old) with clinically normal pure-tone audiometric averages at five different timepoints up to six months apart (average intervals between measurements ranged from <1 week to 7 weeks apart). To guide future studies of clinical populations, we present the standard error of the measurement, reference normative values, and multiple measures of reliability. Additionally, we measured transient evoked OAEs at the same five timepoints and used correlation coefficients to examine the relation between OAEs and prestin levels (pg/mL). RESULTS Serum prestin levels demonstrated good to excellent reliability between and across the five different time points, with correlation coefficients and intraclass correlations >0.8. Across sessions, the average serum prestin level was 250.20 pg/mL, with a standard error of measurement of 7.28 pg/mL. Moreover, positive correlations (generally weak to moderate) were found between prestin levels and OAE magnitudes and signal-to-noise ratios. CONCLUSIONS Findings characterize serum prestin in healthy young adults with normal hearing and provide initial normative data that may be critical to interpreting results from individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. Our results demonstrate reliability of serum prestin levels in a sample of normal-hearing young adults across five test sessions up to 6 months apart, paving the way for testing larger samples to more accurately estimate test-retest standards for clinical protocols, including those involving serial monitoring. The positive correlations between serum prestin and OAE levels, although weak to moderate, reinforce that the source of serum prestin is likely the outer hair cells in the inner ear, but also that serum prestin and OAEs each may also index aspects of biologic function not common to the other.
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Biomarkers for Inner Ear Disorders: Scoping Review on the Role of Biomarkers in Hearing and Balance Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 11:diagnostics11010042. [PMID: 33383894 PMCID: PMC7824431 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The diagnostics of inner ear diseases are primarily functional, but there is a growing interest in inner ear biomarkers. The present scoping review aimed to elucidate gaps in the literature regarding the definition, classification system, and an overview of the potential uses of inner ear biomarkers. Relevant biomarkers were categorized, and their possible benefits were evaluated. The databases OVID Medline, EMBASE, EBSCO COINAHL, CA PLUS, WOS BIOSIS, WOS Core Collection, Proquest Dissertations, Theses Global, PROSPERO, Cochrane Library, and BASE were searched using the keywords “biomarker” and “inner ear”. Of the initially identified 1502 studies, 34 met the inclusion criteria. The identified biomarkers were classified into diagnostic, prognostic, therapeutic, and pathognomonic; many were detected only in the inner ear or temporal bone. The inner-ear-specific biomarkers detected in peripheral blood included otolin-1, prestin, and matrilin-1. Various serum antibodies correlated with inner ear diseases (e.g., anti-type II collagen, antinuclear antibodies, antibodies against cytomegalovirus). Further studies are advised to elucidate the clinical significance and diagnostic or prognostic usage of peripheral biomarkers for inner ear disorders, filling in the literature gaps with biomarkers pertinent to the otology clinical practice and integrating functional and molecular biomarkers. These may be the building blocks toward a well-structured guideline for diagnosing and managing some audio-vestibular disorders.
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Doo JG, Kim D, Kim Y, Yoo MC, Kim SS, Ryu J, Yeo SG. Biomarkers Suggesting Favorable Prognostic Outcomes in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197248. [PMID: 33008090 PMCID: PMC7583026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is a medical emergency, making detailed examination to determine possible causes and early treatment important. However, etiological examinations in SSNHL do not always reveal a cause, and several factors have been found to affect treatment outcomes. Various studies are being performed to determine the prognosis and effects of treatment in patients who experience sudden hearing loss, and to identify biomarkers associated with this condition. Embase, PubMed, and the Cochrane database were searched using the key words SSNHL, prognostic, and biomarker. This search identified 4 articles in Embase, 28 articles in PubMed, and 36 in the Cochrane database. Of these 68 articles, 3 were duplicates and 37 were unrelated to the research topic. After excluding these articles, the remaining 28 articles were reviewed. Factors associated with SSNHL were divided into six categories: metabolic, hemostatic, inflammatory, immunologic, oxidative, and other factors. The associations between these factors with the occurrence of SSNHL and with patient prognosis were analyzed. Low monocyte counts, low neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte/high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol ratio (MHR), and low concentrations of fibrinogen, platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIIa, and TNF-α were found to be associated with good prognosis. However, these factors alone could not completely determine the onset of and recovery from SSNHL, suggesting the need for future basic and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeon Gang Doo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.G.D.); (J.R.)
| | - Dokyoung Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Yong Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.K.); (M.C.Y.)
| | - Myung Chul Yoo
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (Y.K.); (M.C.Y.)
| | - Sung Su Kim
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Jeewon Ryu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.G.D.); (J.R.)
| | - Seung Geun Yeo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea; (J.G.D.); (J.R.)
- Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, School of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-958-8980; Fax: +82-2-958-8470
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