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Rivera CE, Kaunhoven RJ, Griffith GM. How an Interest in Mindfulness Influences Linguistic Markers in Online Microblogging Discourse. Mindfulness (N Y) 2023; 14:818-829. [PMID: 37090855 PMCID: PMC10020072 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-023-02098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the linguistic markers of an interest in mindfulness. Specifically, it examined whether individuals who follow mindfulness experts on Twitter use different language in their tweets compared to a random sample of Twitter users. This is a first step which may complement commonly used self-report measures of mindfulness with quantifiable behavioural metrics. Method A linguistic analysis examined the association between an interest in mindfulness and linguistic markers in 1.87 million Twitter entries across 19,732 users from two groups, (1) a mindfulness interest group (n = 10,347) comprising followers of five mindfulness experts and (2) a control group (n = 9385) of a random selection of Twitter users. Text analysis software (Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count) was used to analyse linguistic markers associated with the categories and subcategories of mindfulness, affective processes, social orientation, and “being” mode of mind. Results Analyses revealed an association between an interest in mindfulness and lexical choice. Specifically, tweets from the mindfulness interest group contained a significantly higher frequency of markers associated with mindfulness, positive emotion, happiness, and social orientation, and a significantly lower frequency of markers associated with negative emotion, past focus, present focus, future focus, family orientation, and friend orientation. Conclusions Results from this study suggest that an interest in mindfulness is associated with more frequent use of certain language markers on Twitter. The analysis opens possible pathways towards developing more naturalistic methods of understanding and assessing mindfulness which may complement self-reporting methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Eugenia Rivera
- Centre for Mindfulness Research and Practice, School of Human and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Brigantia Building, Penrallt Road, Bangor, LL57 2AS UK
| | - Rebekah Jane Kaunhoven
- Centre for Mindfulness Research and Practice, School of Human and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Brigantia Building, Penrallt Road, Bangor, LL57 2AS UK
| | - Gemma Maria Griffith
- Centre for Mindfulness Research and Practice, School of Human and Behavioural Sciences, Bangor University, Brigantia Building, Penrallt Road, Bangor, LL57 2AS UK
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Aldahadha B. Self-disclosure, mindfulness, and their relationships with happiness and well-being. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-023-00278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study aims to test how self-disclosure relates to mindfulness, whether self-disclosure or mindfulness best predicts happiness and well-being, and whether there are significant differences between happiness and well-being levels due to self-disclosure and mindfulness. Data from a public sample was collected using e-mails and social media platforms (N = 486).
Results
The findings demonstrated a weak relationship between mindfulness and self-disclosure (r = 0.16) and acting with awareness but a strong relationship between happiness, wellness, mindfulness, and its factors. The results revealed four values that predict the differentiation between happy and unhappy people, and these values are statistically significant, namely, mindfulness, description, acceptance without judgment, and self-disclosure, as well as four values that predict the distinction between being well and unwell, namely mindfulness, observation, description, and self-disclosure. Additionally, results showed significant differences in the means of each of the mindfulness predictor variables in favor of happiness, wellness, and females. For the self-disclosure variable, the results showed differences in its means favoring females, happiness, and wellness. Finally, when controlling for gender and age, regression analyses found mindfulness to be an important predictor for happiness and well-being at 59% and 48% of the variance, respectively, while self-disclosure was a weak predictor at 12% and 15%, respectively.
Conclusions
In general, the results indicate that mindfulness is more effective and beneficial for living a happy and healthy life than self-disclosure
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Hartman A, Campenni CE. The Effect of Medium and Instruction While Creating Mandalas. ART THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/07421656.2022.2097833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Campenni CE, Hartman A. The Effects of Completing Mandalas on Mood, Anxiety, and State Mindfulness. ART THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07421656.2019.1669980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Wan W, Sun J, Liu J, Yang S, Liu M, Xue J, Jiao D, Liu X. Using social media to explore the linguistic features in female adults with childhood sexual abuse by Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hbe2.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wan
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jiumo Sun
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jiehan Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Cognition and Development Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Shu‐Wen Yang
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Mingming Liu
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of SciencesCAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Jia Xue
- Factor‐Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Faculty of InformationUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Dongdong Jiao
- Engineer in Basic Technology LaboratoryNational Computer System Engineering Research Institute of China Beijing China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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Kaplan DM, Raison CL, Milek A, Tackman AM, Pace TWW, Mehl MR. Dispositional mindfulness in daily life: A naturalistic observation study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206029. [PMID: 30485267 PMCID: PMC6261408 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness has seen an extraordinary rise as a scientific construct, yet surprisingly little is known about how it manifests behaviorally in daily life. The present study identifies assumptions regarding how mindfulness relates to behavior and contrasts them against actual behavioral manifestations of trait mindfulness in daily life. Study 1 (N = 427) shows that mindfulness is assumed to relate to emotional positivity, quality social interactions, prosocial orientation and attention to sensory perceptions. In Study 2, 185 participants completed a gold-standard, self-reported mindfulness measure (the FFMQ) and underwent naturalistic observation sampling to assess their daily behaviors. Trait mindfulness was robustly related to a heightened perceptual focus in conversations. However, it was not related to behavioral and speech markers of emotional positivity, quality social interactions, or prosocial orientation. These findings suggest that the subjective and self-reported experience of being mindful in daily life is expressed primarily through sharpened perceptual attention, rather than through other behavioral or social differences. This highlights the need for ecological models of how dispositional mindfulness "works" in daily life, and raises questions about the measurement of mindfulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna M. Kaplan
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Charles L. Raison
- School of Human Ecology and School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Anne Milek
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Allison M. Tackman
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Thaddeus W. W. Pace
- College of Nursing, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Matthias R. Mehl
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
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Firpo-Perretti YM, Cohen MH, Weber KM, Brody LR. Past, present or future? Word tense and affect in autobiographical narratives of women with HIV in relation to health indicators. J Behav Med 2018; 41:875-889. [PMID: 29938385 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-018-9944-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examined how the expression of positive and negative affect words and word tense in autobiographical narratives of 98 HIV+ women, predominantly African American, predicted undetectable HIV viral load (UDVL), CD4+ cells/mm3 counts and antiretroviral therapy medication (ART) adherence assessed concurrently (T1) and at 3 to 9-month follow-up (T2). Logistic regressions revealed that higher past tense words predicted worse odds of UDVL, CD4+ cells/mm3 above 350 at T1, and worse odds of 95% ART adherence at T2. However, using both high past tense words and high positive affect words predicted better odds of CD4+ cells/mm3 > 350 at T2. Higher future tense words predicted better odds of CD4+ cells/mm3 > 350 at T1. Additionally, using both high present tense words and negative affect words predicted better odds of UDVL at T1. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the quality of affect expression significantly interacts with temporal context to relate to the health of women with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudelki M Firpo-Perretti
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 648 Beacon Street, Room 227, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Mardge H Cohen
- Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Hektoen Institute of Medicine, 2225 W. Harrison, Suite B, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathleen M Weber
- Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Hektoen Institute of Medicine, 2225 W. Harrison, Suite B, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Leslie R Brody
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 648 Beacon Street, Room 227, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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Sultan N. Embodied Self-Care: Enhancing Awareness and Acceptance Through Mindfulness-Oriented Expressive Writing Self-Disclosure. JOURNAL OF CREATIVITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15401383.2017.1286277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Valdez CE, Sherrill AM, Lilly M. Present Moment Contact and Nonjudgment: Pilot Data on Dismantling Mindful Awareness in Trauma-Related Symptomatology. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-016-9548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Martino ML, Onorato R, Freda MF. Linguistic Markers of Processing Trauma Experience in Women's Written Narratives During Different Breast Cancer Phases: Implications for Clinical Interventions. EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 11:651-63. [PMID: 27247683 PMCID: PMC4873081 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.v11i4.991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Research into the change processes underlying the benefits of expressive writing is still incomplete. To fill this gap, we investigated the linguistic markers of change in cognitive and emotional processing among women with breast cancer, highlighting the differences and peculiarities during different treatment phases. A total of 60 writings were collected from 20 women: 10 receiving chemotherapy and 10 receiving biological therapy. We performed a series of repeated measures ANOVA for the most meaningful LIWC linguistic categories, including positive/negative emotions and cognitive processes, to assess change over three sessions. Results demonstrated a significant increase in the positive emotions category for the entire group of women, with particular relevance for the biological therapy group of women, and a marginally significant (p = .07) greater use of words indicating cognitive processes for women receiving biological therapy. For the negative emotions category time was significant for the whole group of women, showing a peak of use in the second session of writing. Peculiar differences in the linguistic markers of processing trauma were observed between the two groups. Although the writing intervention is a support for both groups of women, it seems to be beneficial when there is a large time gap since the administration of chemotherapy and, thus, when the patient can revisit the experience. The relationship of the illness with life can be rearticulated, and the writing becomes a space for resignifying the traumatic cancer experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raffaella Onorato
- Department of Humanistic Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Prazak M, Critelli J, Martin L, Miranda V, Purdum M, Powers C. Mindfulness and its Role in Physical and Psychological Health. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2011; 4:91-105. [PMID: 26286972 DOI: 10.1111/j.1758-0854.2011.01063.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the relationships of mindfulness, a form of focused self-awareness, with physical and psychological health. Mindfulness was measured in terms of four stable forms of awareness: Observe, an awareness of internal and external stimuli; Describe, an ability to verbally express thoughts clearly and easily; Act with Awareness, the tendency to focus on present tasks with undivided attention; and Accept without Judgment, the tendency to take a nonjudgmental attitude toward one's own thoughts and emotions. These aspects of mindfulness were explored in relation to both physical health, which consisted of heart rate variability, a measure of overall cardiovascular health, and psychological health, which consisted of flourishing, existential well-being, negative affect, and social well-being in a sample of 506 undergraduate students. Individuals high in mindfulness showed better cardiovascular health and psychological health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Critelli
- Neumann University, USAUniversity of North Texas, USAUniversity of La Verne, USA
| | - Luci Martin
- Neumann University, USAUniversity of North Texas, USAUniversity of La Verne, USA
| | - Vanessa Miranda
- Neumann University, USAUniversity of North Texas, USAUniversity of La Verne, USA
| | - Michael Purdum
- Neumann University, USAUniversity of North Texas, USAUniversity of La Verne, USA
| | - Catherine Powers
- Neumann University, USAUniversity of North Texas, USAUniversity of La Verne, USA
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