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de Macêdo LP, de Castro Tavares R, Torres Braga M, Dos Santos LM, Donato G, Lima Júnior FASD, de Macêdo RP, Ugulino Netto A, Franke K, Vansant Oliveira Eugênio P, Batista Cezar-Junior A, Vilela Faquini I, Júnior Silva JL, de Carvalho Júnior EV, Almeida NS, Bandeira E Farias FA, Moraes Valença M, Rocha Cirne Azevedo-Filho H. The relationship between the level of vitamin D and ruptured intracranial aneurysms among patients with high sun exposure. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3555. [PMID: 38347057 PMCID: PMC10861505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53676-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) accounts for 3-5% of acute strokes. Intracranial aneurysm is the most common cause of non-traumatic SAH. Vitamin D influences the cardiovascular system, including the formation and rupture of cerebral aneurysms. To evaluate the serum vitamin D level in patients living in the tropical zone who suffered aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and its correlation with demographic and neurological characteristics. This is an analytical cross-sectional study to assess the serum level of vitamin D in a study population of 99 patients treated and diagnosed with aSAH in a public hospital in Recife-PE over a period of 12 months. In the study sample, composed of individuals with high sun exposure due to the lifestyle they lead in a tropical region, we observed hypovitaminosis D (85.9%), with a median of 19.9 ng/ml, although the majority of individuals are skin with high concentration of melanin (Fitzpatrick skin type IV and V). In addition, rates of sun exposure are high to all patients (Solar Index 9.03 P50). Most individuals were female (79.8%); there was no statistical difference in solar exposure/solar index between genders. As for the neurological repercussions, there was no statistical relevance in the clinical prognostic scales evaluated. As the sample was composed mainly of individuals whose economic activity is agriculture, the values of solar index found are vastly higher than those of other studies conducted in high latitude regions. In line with the literature review, some aspects were raised with the objective of justifying such findings that go from the base of the poor diet of these individuals, the increase of melanin in the skin and genetic alterations that directs us to possible mechanisms of natural photoprotection to high sun exposure. Thus, we had a vast majority (85%) of hypovitaminosis D, which in fact makes us wonder if there is any influence of calcitriol on vitamin D receptors in vascular walls and in the cardiovascular system as a whole, which influence bleeding events of this nature. As for the neurological repercussions, measured using assessment scales (Glasgow coma scale, WFNS scale, Hunt-Hess and Fisher's tomographic scale) there was no significant difference in the results. As it is only a descriptive study, the causal relationship of the facts cannot be established. However, in a population exposed to high sun exposure and affected by aneurysmal SAH, there is a significant rate of hypovitaminosis D, which supports the hypothesis that vitamin D plays a role in vascular pathologies, such as cerebral aneurysms and SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lívio Pereira de Macêdo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital da Restauração, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
- , Recife, Brasil.
| | | | | | | | - Glaudir Donato
- Medical Student, Centro de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Kauê Franke
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital da Restauração, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Igor Vilela Faquini
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital da Restauração, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nivaldo S Almeida
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital da Restauração, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - Hildo Rocha Cirne Azevedo-Filho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital da Restauração, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Hu Y, Gu X, Zhang Y, Ma W, Sun L, Wang C, Ren B. Adrenomedullin, transcriptionally regulated by vitamin D receptors, alleviates atherosclerosis in mice through suppressing AMPK-mediated endothelial ferroptosis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:199-211. [PMID: 37688783 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D receptors (VDR) play important roles in cardiovascular, immune, metabolic and other functions. Activation of VDR may help improve endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, vascular calcification, and cardiac hypertrophy. However, the specific target genes and mechanisms of VDR in improving Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell (HUVEC) functions remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the function and mechanism of VDR in HUVECs. METHODS Endothelial dysfunction cell model was constructed by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). An animal model of atherosclerosis was established in male homozygous Apoe-/- mice (6 weeks) on a high fat diet for 6 weeks. The relationship between VDR and adrenomedullin (ADM) was studied by bioinformatics analysis, ChIP, and luciferase reporter gene analysis. Endothelial cell function was evaluated by Transwell migration and Tube Formation tests. Ferroptosis was detected by measuring intracellular iron content, levels of oxidative stress markers, and ferroptosis related proteins. RESULTS Overexpression of VDR in HUVECs inhibits ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction and ferroptosis. VDR binds to the ADM promoter sequence and regulates the transcription of ADM. Inhibition of ADM promotes ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction and ferroptosis. ADM regulates ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction and ferroptosis through the AMPK signaling pathway. Overexpression of VDR in Apoe-/- mice inhibited lipid deposition and plaque area in atherosclerotic mice. CONCLUSION VDR inhibits ox-LDL-induced endothelial dysfunction and ferroptosis by regulating ADM transcription and acting on AMPK signaling pathway. Overexpression of VDR in Apoe-/- mice reduced lipid deposition and plaque area in the thoracic aorta of atherosclerotic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Xu Gu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Weidong Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Congxia Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
| | - Bincheng Ren
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China
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Trivedi MK, Branton A, Trivedi D, Mondal S, Jana S. Vitamin D 3 supplementation improves spatial memory, muscle function, pain score, and modulates different functional physiological biomarkers in vitamin D 3 deficiency diet (VDD)-induced rats model. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:108. [PMID: 37749664 PMCID: PMC10521393 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00767-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D Deficiency is recognized as a pandemic, which is associated with high mortality. An inadequate level of vitamin D is associated with autoimmune diseases, hypertension, and cancer. The study was aimed to assess the pharmacological effects of chronic vitamin D3 supplementation on the manipulation diet regiment of deprived cholecalciferol (vitamin D3 deficient diet, VDD) rats. METHODS Memory performance (Y-maze task), muscular function (muscle grip strength), and pain score (pressure application measurement meter) were measured. Functional biomarkers were measured using ELISA method in different matrix viz. in serum (parathyroid hormone; PTH, calcitonin, thyroxine, and C-reactive protein; CRP, 25-OH Vit D3), and in CSF (klotho and β-endorphin). 25-OH Vit D3 was also estimated in liver and kidney homogenate using ELISA. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) was measured spectrophotometrically in liver and adipose tissue. RESULTS VDD-induced rats showed a decrease in number of entries and time spent in the novel arm and spontaneous alternations in the Y-maze task. Significant improvements of neuromuscular function and pain score after addition of vitamin D3. In comparison to the VDD group, VDR expression (liver) and active metabolites of vitamin D3 (25-OH vit.D3) in serum were significantly higher by 48.23% and 280%, respectively. The PTH and CRP levels were significantly reduced by 32.5% and 35.27%, respectively, whereas calcitonin was increased by 36.67% compared with the VDD group. Klotho and β-endorphin expressions in cerebrospinal fluid were significantly elevated by 19.67% and 133.59%, respectively, compared to VDD group. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results indicate that supplementation of cholecalciferol significantly improved spatial memory impairment, VDR expression, and may provide an opportunity to manage vitamin D deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sambhu Mondal
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd, Thane (W), Maharashtra, India
| | - Snehasis Jana
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd, Thane (W), Maharashtra, India.
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Zong Y, Wang X, Zhang Y, Tan N, Zhang Y, Li L, Liu L. Sitagliptin Ameliorates Creb5/lncRNA ENSMUST00000213271-Mediated Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Obese Mice. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07436-1. [PMID: 36738369 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07436-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is mediated by the changes in dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and inflammation, leading to vascular endothelial dysfunction. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors prevent the development of endothelial dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism still remains largely unclear. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), one class of non-coding small RNAs, have been shown to exert a regulatory impact on the endothelial function in obesity. This study aimed to investigate whether the elevation of GLP-1 by a DPP-4 inhibitor sitagliptin improved vascular endothelial function by modulating lncRNAs in obese mice and to clarify the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet for 4 months to induce obesity and some obese mice were treated with sitagliptin for the last 1 month. Levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in plasma were detected by ELISA. LncRNA expression profile was analyzed via microarray. Aortic relaxations were examined by myograph. Protein expressions and phosphorylations were determined using western blot. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were validated using qRT-PCR. RESULTS Obese mice exhibited increased levels of TC and LDL, decreased concentrations of HDL and GLP-1 in plasma, and impaired aortic endothelium-dependent relaxations; such effects could be reversed by sitagliptin. Moreover, the altered expression profile of lncRNAs in the obese mouse aortae could be modulated by sitagliptin. Consistent with microarray analysis, qRT-PCR also revealed that lncRNA ENSMUST00000213271 was up-regulated in obese mouse aortae and aortic endothelial cells (ECs), which could be down-regulated by sitagliptin. Creb5 silencing reduced lncRNA ENSMUST00000213271 in obese mouse ECs. Knockdown of either Creb5 or lncRNA ENSMUST00000213271 restored the activation of AMPK/eNOS in obese mouse ECs. Furthermore, sitagliptin also suppressed Creb5 and lncRNA ENSMUST00000213271 and increased the phosphorylations of AMPK and eNOS in obese mice. CONCLUSION Creb5/lncRNA ENSMUST00000213271 mediated vascular endothelial dysfunction through inhibiting AMPK/eNOS cascade in obesity. Elevation of GLP-1 by sitagliptin possibly improved endothelial function by suppressing Creb5/lncRNA ENSMUST00000213271 and subsequently restoring AMPK/eNOS activation in obese mice. This study will provide new evidence for the benefits of GLP-1 against vasculopathy in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaorui Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Tan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Limei Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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Wang W, Li Y, Meng X. Vitamin D and neurodegenerative diseases. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12877. [PMID: 36820164 PMCID: PMC9938420 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, featured by progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, are considered incurable at present. Movement disorders like tremor and postural instability, cognitive or behavioral disorders such as memory impairment are the most common symptoms of them and the growing patient population of neurodegenerative diseases poses a serious threat to public health and a burden on economic development. Hence, it is vital to prevent the occurrence of the diseases and delay their progress. Vitamin D can be transformed into a hormone in vivo with both genomic and non-genomic actions, exerting diverse physiological effects. Cumulative evidence indicates that vitamin D can ameliorate neurodegeneration by regulating pertinent molecules and signaling pathways including maintaining Ca2+ homeostasis, reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation, suppressing the formation and aggregation of the pathogenic protein, etc. This review updates discoveries of molecular mechanisms underlying biological functions of vitamin D in neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and vascular dementia. Clinical trials investigating the influence of vitamin D supplementation in patients with neurodegenerative diseases are also summarized. The synthesized information will probably provoke an enhanced understanding of the neuroprotective roles of vitamin D in the nervous system and provide therapeutic options for patients with neurodegenerative diseases in the future.
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Liu Y, Zhu S, Liu J, Chen Y, Zhong S, Lian D, Liang J, Huang S, Hou S. Vitexin Regulates Angiogenesis and Osteogenesis in Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis of Rats via the VDR/PI3K/AKT/eNOS Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:546-556. [PMID: 36538589 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is extremely important to promote angiogenesis-dependent osteogenesis and ameliorate bone loss for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (OP) development. Vitexin, as one of the major active components in pigeonpea leave, promoted the proliferation of osteoblast and HUVECs in hypoxia. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of vitexin on alleviating osteoporosis in ovariectomized (OVX) rats and further explore its underlying mechanisms. Herein, the OVX rat model was established and treated with vitexin (10 mg kg-1) for 3 months. After being sacrificed, we performed hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) to assess bone mass, which found that trabecular bone was damaged in the OVX rat model. Vitexin could repair bone injury and promote osteoblast biochemical indicators and angiogenesis indicators. Furthermore, EAhy926 cells were used to further explore the effect of vitexin on improving hypoxia-induced endothelial injury in vitro. Vitexin had a protective effect on hypoxia-treated EAhy926 cells and up-regulated vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling and promoted phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), which enhanced endothelial cell migration and tube formation. VDR small-interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection significantly decreased both VDR and p-eNOS proteins, and VDR siRNA transfection + vitexin could not further increase VDR and downstream proteins. Overall, this study presented that vitexin regulates angiogenesis and osteogenesis in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis of rats via the VDR/eNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Shumin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Jiaying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Yonger Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Shaowen Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
| | - Dawei Lian
- Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Jian Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
- Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Song Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
- Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan 523808, PR China
| | - Shaozhen Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, PR China
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Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020334. [PMID: 36678205 PMCID: PMC9864832 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Deficiency in vitamin D (VitD), a lipid-soluble vitamin and steroid hormone, affects approximately 24% to 40% of the population of the Western world. In addition to its well-documented effects on the musculoskeletal system, VitD also contributes importantly to the promotion and preservation of cardiovascular health via modulating the immune and inflammatory functions and regulating cell proliferation and migration, endothelial function, renin expression, and extracellular matrix homeostasis. This brief overview focuses on the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular effects of VitD and the cellular, molecular, and functional changes that occur in the circulatory system in VitD deficiency (VDD). It explores the links among VDD and adverse vascular remodeling, endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and increased risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Improved understanding of the complex role of VDD in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and vascular cognitive impairment is crucial for all cardiologists, dietitians, and geriatricians, as VDD presents an easy target for intervention.
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Trimarco V, Manzi MV, Mancusi C, Strisciuglio T, Fucile I, Fiordelisi A, Pilato E, Izzo R, Barbato E, Lembo M, Morisco C. Insulin Resistance and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Link Beyond the Appearances. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:859793. [PMID: 35369303 PMCID: PMC8968037 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.859793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that plays a key role in the regulation of body homeostasis, including cardiovascular function. Although the chronic deficiency of vitamin D is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, as well as with an adverse prognosis, randomized controlled trials have failed in demonstrating that dietary vitamin D supplementation could ameliorate the prognosis of patients with cardiovascular diseases, and suggested that vitamin D deficiency is the expression of the effects of other determinants of cardiovascular risk. Thus, the supplementation of vitamin D is not sufficient to improve the cardiovascular risk profile and prognosis. Insulin resistance is a complex phenomenon that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Interestingly, defects of vitamin D and insulin resistance have a superimposable epidemiological distribution. According to the common view, Insulin resistance is considered the direct or indirect consequence of vitamin D deficiency. However, it is also reasonable to speculate that the deficit or the impaired action of vitamin D, in some circumstances, could be the result of the same pathogenic mechanisms responsible of insulin resistance development. In this case, vitamin D deficiency could be considered an epiphenomenon of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is a reversible condition, being possibly ameliorated by physical activity and hypocaloric diets. Notably, both physical exercise and energy-restricted dietary regimens are associated with an increase of vitamin D levels. These findings indicate that improving insulin resistance condition is a necessary step to ameliorate vitamin D supplementation-based strategies in cardiovascular prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Virginia Manzi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Costantino Mancusi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Strisciuglio
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fucile
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Fiordelisi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Pilato
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Izzo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Barbato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Lembo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Maria Lembo
| | - Carmine Morisco
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Fiani B, Barthelmass M, Siddiqi I, Kortz M, Pennington E, Pasko K. Vitamin D as a modifiable risk factor, predictor, and theoretical therapeutic agent for vasospasm in spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. Acta Neurol Belg 2022; 122:11-15. [PMID: 34275126 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-021-01757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Delayed deterioration associated with cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is a feared complication after spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and is one of the leading causes of death in patients with intracranial hemorrhage. The pathophysiology of vasospasm is complex and not fully understood, involving multiple inflammatory pathways in addition to vasoconstriction induced ischemia. Current treatment with anti-inflammatory or vasodilatory medications has been met with limited success and has not led to a decrease in vasospastic associated mortality prompting continued investigation of potential treatment options. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-VitD3), is a hormone with downstream effects that induce anti-inflammatory pathways, promote nitric oxide (NO) induced vasodilation, and lead to neuroprotective-gene expression, which may be useful in mitigating the vascular pathogenesis associated with CVS. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has been identified in patients admitted with SAH. Low vitamin D levels in patients, as determined by time of year, has also been correlated to an increased incidence and severity of CVS. Further, the therapeutic usefulness of 1,25-VitD3 has been demonstrated in animal models leading to a decreased incidence of CVS but has yet to be thoroughly investigated in human studies. In this review, we will discuss the findings that suggest the potential of utilizing vitamin D as a predictive indicator, method of prevention, and or treatment option for CVS in patients following spontaneous SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Fiani
- Desert Regional Medical Center, 1180 N. Indian Canyon Dr. Ste. 214 W, Palm Springs, CA, 92262, USA.
| | - Michaela Barthelmass
- Desert Regional Medical Center, 1180 N. Indian Canyon Dr. Ste. 214 W, Palm Springs, CA, 92262, USA
| | - Imran Siddiqi
- Desert Regional Medical Center, 1180 N. Indian Canyon Dr. Ste. 214 W, Palm Springs, CA, 92262, USA
| | - Michael Kortz
- Desert Regional Medical Center, 1180 N. Indian Canyon Dr. Ste. 214 W, Palm Springs, CA, 92262, USA
| | - Elisabeth Pennington
- Desert Regional Medical Center, 1180 N. Indian Canyon Dr. Ste. 214 W, Palm Springs, CA, 92262, USA
| | - Kory Pasko
- Desert Regional Medical Center, 1180 N. Indian Canyon Dr. Ste. 214 W, Palm Springs, CA, 92262, USA
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Tran N, Garcia T, Aniqa M, Ali S, Ally A, Nauli SM. Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) and the Cardiovascular System: in Physiology and in Disease States. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE & RESEARCH 2022; 15:153-177. [PMID: 35072089 PMCID: PMC8774925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays a critical role in regulating and maintaining a healthy cardiovascular system. The importance of eNOS can be emphasized from the genetic polymorphisms of the eNOS gene, uncoupling of eNOS dimerization, and its numerous signaling regulations. The activity of eNOS on the cardiac myocytes, vasculature, and the central nervous system are discussed. The effects of eNOS on the sympathetic autonomic nervous system (SANS) and the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system (PANS), both of which profoundly influence the cardiovascular system, will be elaborated. The relationship between the eNOS protein with cardiovascular autonomic reflexes such as the baroreflex and the Exercise Pressor Reflex will be discussed. For example, the effects of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) are shown to be mediated by the eNOS protein and that eNOS-derived endothelial NO is most effective in regulating blood pressure oscillations via modulating the baroreflex mechanisms. The protective action of eNOS on the CVS is emphasized here because dysfunction of the eNOS enzyme is intricately correlated with the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, arteriosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Overall, our current understanding of the eNOS protein with a focus on its role in the modulation, regulation, and control of the cardiovascular system in a normal physiological state and in cardiovascular diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tran
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - T Garcia
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - M Aniqa
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - S Ali
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA
| | - A Ally
- Arkansas College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Smith, AR, USA,Corresponding author: Surya M Nauli, Chapman University and University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - SM Nauli
- Chapman University and University of California, Irvine, CA, USA,Corresponding author: Surya M Nauli, Chapman University and University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
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Parameters of Oxidative Stress, Vitamin D, Osteopontin, and Melatonin in Patients with Lip, Oral Cavity, and Pharyngeal Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2364931. [PMID: 34721756 PMCID: PMC8550860 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2364931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers (LOCP) constitute a group of rare neoplasms with unfavorable prognosis. So far, not much is known about the role of vitamin D and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of LOCP in the European population. The aim of the study was to determine the concentrations of vitamin D, osteopontin, melatonin, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as markers of oxidative stress and/or inflammation, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the course of LOCP. The vitamin D, melatonin, and osteopontin concentrations in blood serum, the MDA levels in erythrocytes and blood plasma, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in erythrocytes were measured in blood samples taken from 25 LOCP patients of middle age (YCG), 20 LOCP elderly patients (OCG), and 25 healthy middle-aged volunteers. In both cancer groups, decreases in vitamin D and CAT, as well as increases in osteopontin and blood plasma MDA, were observed. An increase in GPx activity in YCG and a decrease in melatonin level in OCG were found. The results indicate the vitamin D deficiency and disturbed oxidant-antioxidant homeostasis in LOCP patients. Osteopontin seems to be associated with LOCP carcinogenesis and requires further research.
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Ashouri R, Fangman M, Brielmaier J, Fields ZA, Campo N, Doré S. Nutritional Supplementation of Naturally Occurring Vitamin D to Improve Hemorrhagic Stroke Outcomes. Front Neurol 2021; 12:670245. [PMID: 34393969 PMCID: PMC8363078 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.670245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency, if left untreated, is associated with bone disorders, cardiovascular damage, and an increased risk of ischemic stroke. While there are various nutritional options for the natural intake of vitamin D, we hope to elucidate the potential mechanisms dietary vitamin D may play in hemorrhagic stroke pathology. This scoping review outlines findings from studies relevant to the biochemical activity of vitamin D, the impact of vitamin D deficiency on hemorrhagic stroke outcomes, and the potential benefit of nutritional vitamin D on hemorrhagic stroke outcomes. Here, we analyze the relevant factors that can lead to vitamin D deficiency, and subsequently, a higher risk of hemorrhagic stroke incidence with worsened subsequent outcomes. The neuroprotective mechanisms through which vitamin D works to attenuate hemorrhagic stroke onset and post-stroke outcomes have not yet been thoroughly examined. However, researchers have proposed several potential protective mechanisms, including reduction of blood brain barrier disturbance by inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species, mitigation of inflammation through a reduction of levels of proinflammatory cytokines, and prevention of cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia following subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage. While more research is needed and there are limitations to vitamin D supplementation, vitamin D as a whole may play a significant role in the dynamics of hemorrhagic stroke. Further research should focus on expanding our understanding of the neuroprotective capacity and mechanisms of vitamin D, as well as how vitamin D supplementation could serve as an effective course of treatment of hemorrhagic strokes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Ashouri
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Madison Fangman
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jordan Brielmaier
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Zoe A. Fields
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Natalie Campo
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Departments of Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Wang J, Wang Y, Zuo Y, Duan J, Pan A, Li JM, Yan XX, Liu F. MFGE8 mitigates brain injury in a rat model of SAH by maintaining vascular endothelial integrity via TIGβ5/PI3K/CXCL12 signaling. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:2193-2205. [PMID: 33991211 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06111-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Leaked blood components, injured endothelial cells, local inflammatory response and vasospasm may converge to promote microthrombosis following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Previously, we showed that the milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFGE8) can mitigate SAH-induced microthrombosis. This present study was aimed to explore the molecular pathway participated in MFGE8-dependent protection on vascular endothelium. Immunofluorescence, immunoblot and behavioral tests were used to determine the molecular partner and signaling pathway mediating the effect of MFGE8 in vascular endothelium in rats with experimental SAH and controls, together with the applications of RNA silencing and pharmacological intervention methods. Relative to control, recombinant human MFGE8 (rhMFGE8) treatment increased 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeled new endothelial cells, reduced TUNUL-positive endothelial cells and elevated the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12), in the brains of SAH rats. These effects were reversed by MFGE8 RNA silencing, as well as following cilengitide and wortmannin intervention. These results suggest that MFGE8 promotes endothelial regeneration and mitigates endothelial DNA damage through the activation of the TIGβ5/PI3K/CXCL12 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihuadong Road, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihuadong Road, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuchun Zuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Jiajia Duan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Aihua Pan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jian-Ming Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Sciences, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, 410219, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 52 Meihuadong Road, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, China.
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14
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Suzuki H, Kanamaru H, Kawakita F, Asada R, Fujimoto M, Shiba M. Cerebrovascular pathophysiology of delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Histol Histopathol 2020; 36:143-158. [PMID: 32996580 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains a serious cerebrovascular disease. Even if SAH patients survive the initial insults, delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) may occur at 4 days or later post-SAH. DCI is characteristics of SAH, and is considered to develop by blood breakdown products and inflammatory reactions, or secondary to early brain injury, acute pathophysiological events that occur in the brain within the first 72 hours of aneurysmal SAH. The pathology underlying DCI may involve large artery vasospasm and/or microcirculatory disturbances by microvasospasm, microthrombosis, dysfunction of venous outflow and compression of microvasculature by vasogenic or cytotoxic tissue edema. Recent clinical evidence has shown that large artery vasospasm is not the only cause of DCI, and that both large artery vasospasm-dependent and -independent cerebral infarction causes poor outcome. Animal studies suggest that mechanisms of vasospasm may differ between large artery and arterioles or capillaries, and that many kinds of cells in the vascular wall and brain parenchyma may be involved in the pathogenesis of microcirculatory disturbances. The impairment of the paravascular and glymphatic systems also may play important roles in the development of DCI. As pathological mediators for DCI, glutamate and several matricellular proteins have been investigated in addition to inflammatory molecules. Glutamate is involved in excitotoxicity contributing to cortical spreading ischemia and epileptic activity-related events. Microvascular dysfunction is an attractive mechanism to explain the cause of poor outcomes independently of large cerebral artery vasospasm, but needs more studies to clarify the pathophysiologies or mechanisms and to develop a novel therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Suzuki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.
| | - Hideki Kanamaru
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Kawakita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Reona Asada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Masashi Fujimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Masato Shiba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
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15
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Pál É, Hricisák L, Lékai Á, Nagy D, Fülöp Á, Erben RG, Várbíró S, Sándor P, Benyó Z. Ablation of Vitamin D Signaling Compromises Cerebrovascular Adaptation to Carotid Artery Occlusion in Mice. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061457. [PMID: 32545499 PMCID: PMC7349396 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D insufficiency has been associated with increased incidence and severity of cerebrovascular disorders. We analyzed the impact of impaired vitamin D signaling on the anatomical and functional aspects of cerebrovascular adaptation to unilateral carotid artery occlusion (CAO), a common consequence of atherosclerosis and cause of ischemic stroke. Cerebrocortical blood flow (CoBF) showed a significantly increased drop and delayed recovery after CAO in mice carrying a functionally inactive vitamin D receptor (VDR) with the most sustained perfusion deficit in the temporal cortex. To identify the cause(s) for this altered adaptation, the extent of compensatory blood flow increase in the contralateral carotid artery and the morphology of pial collaterals between the anterior and middle cerebral arteries were determined. Whereas VDR deficiency had no significant influence on the contralateral carotid arterial blood flow increase, it was associated with decreased number and increased tortuosity of pial anastomoses resulting in unfavorable changes of the intracranial collateral circulation. These results indicate that VDR deficiency compromises the cerebrovascular adaptation to CAO with the most sustained consequences in the temporal cortex. The dysregulation can be attributed to the altered development and function of pial collateral circulation whereas extracranial vessels may not be impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Pál
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (Á.L.); (D.N.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence: (É.P.); (Z.B.); Tel.: +36-1-210-0306 (É.P.); +36-1-210-0306 (Z.B.)
| | - László Hricisák
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (Á.L.); (D.N.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
| | - Ágnes Lékai
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (Á.L.); (D.N.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
| | - Dorina Nagy
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (Á.L.); (D.N.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
| | - Ágnes Fülöp
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (Á.L.); (D.N.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
| | - Reinhold G. Erben
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Szabolcs Várbíró
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Péter Sándor
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (Á.L.); (D.N.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
| | - Zoltán Benyó
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (L.H.); (Á.L.); (D.N.); (Á.F.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence: (É.P.); (Z.B.); Tel.: +36-1-210-0306 (É.P.); +36-1-210-0306 (Z.B.)
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16
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Liu H, Guo W, Guo H, Zhao L, Yue L, Li X, Feng D, Luo J, Wu X, Cui W, Qu Y. Bakuchiol Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Neuron Damage by Regulating Trx1/TXNIP and the Phosphorylation of AMPK After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:712. [PMID: 32499702 PMCID: PMC7243250 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a fatal cerebrovascular condition with complex pathophysiology that reduces brain perfusion and causes cerebral functional impairments. An increasing number of studies indicate that early brain injury (EBI), which occurs within the first 72 h of SAH, plays a crucial role in the poor prognosis of SAH. Bakuchiol (Bak) has been demonstrated to have multiorgan protective effects owing to its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Bak on EBI after SAH and its underlying mechanisms. In this study, 428 adult male C57BL/6J mice weighing 20 to 25 g were observed to investigate the effects of Bak administration in an SAH animal model. The neurological function and brain edema were assessed. Content of MDA/3-NT/8-OHdG/superoxide anion and the activity of SOD and GSH-Px were tested. The function of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the protein levels of claudin-5, occludin, zonula occludens-1, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were observed. TUNEL staining and Fluoro-Jade C staining were conducted to evaluate the death of neurons. Ultrastructural changes of the neurons were observed under the transmission electron microscope. Finally, the roles of Trx, TXNIP, and AMPK in the protective effect of Bak were investigated. The data showed that Bak administration 1) increased the survival rate and alleviated neurological functional deficits; 2) alleviated BBB disruption and brain edema; 3) attenuated oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species, MDA, 3-NT, 8-OHdG, gp91phox, and 4-HNE; increased the activities of SOD and GSH-Px; and alleviated the damage to the ultrastructure of mitochondria; 4) inhibited cellular apoptosis by regulating the protein levels of Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3; and 5) upregulated the protein levels of Trx1 as well as the phosphorylation of AMPK and downregulated the protein levels of TXNIP. Moreover, the protective effects of Bak were partially reversed by PX-12 and compound C. To summarize, Bak attenuates EBI after SAH by alleviating BBB disruption, oxidative stress, and apoptosis via regulating Trx1/TXNIP expression and the phosphorylation of AMPK. Its powerful protective effects might make Bak a promising novel drug for the treatment of EBI after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dayun Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianing Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenxing Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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17
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Mocayar Marón FJ, Ferder L, Reiter RJ, Manucha W. Daily and seasonal mitochondrial protection: Unraveling common possible mechanisms involving vitamin D and melatonin. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 199:105595. [PMID: 31954766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
From an evolutionary point of view, vitamin D and melatonin appeared very early and share functions related to defense mechanisms. In the current clinical setting, vitamin D is exclusively associated with phosphocalcic metabolism. Meanwhile, melatonin has chronobiological effects and influences the sleep-wake cycle. Scientific evidence, however, has identified new actions of both molecules in different physiological and pathological settings. The biosynthetic pathways of vitamin D and melatonin are inversely related relative to sun exposure. A deficiency of these molecules has been associated with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, including arterial hypertension, neurodegenerative diseases, sleep disorders, kidney diseases, cancer, psychiatric disorders, bone diseases, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, among others. During aging, the intake and cutaneous synthesis of vitamin D, as well as the endogenous synthesis of melatonin are remarkably depleted, therefore, producing a state characterized by an increase of oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Both molecules are involved in the homeostatic functioning of the mitochondria. Given the presence of specific receptors in the organelle, the antagonism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), the decrease of reactive species of oxygen (ROS), in conjunction with modifications in autophagy and apoptosis, anti-inflammatory properties inter alia, mitochondria emerge as the final common target for melatonin and vitamin D. The primary purpose of this review is to elucidate the common molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D and melatonin might share a synergistic effect in the protection of proper mitochondrial functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feres José Mocayar Marón
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina; Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - León Ferder
- Department of Pediatrics, Nephrology Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, USA
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Walter Manucha
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Argentina; Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.
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18
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Chen S, Zuo Y, Huang L, Sherchan P, Zhang J, Yu Z, Peng J, Zhang J, Zhao L, Doycheva D, Liu F, Zhang JH, Xia Y, Tang J. The MC 4 receptor agonist RO27-3225 inhibits NLRP1-dependent neuronal pyroptosis via the ASK1/JNK/p38 MAPK pathway in a mouse model of intracerebral haemorrhage. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:1341-1356. [PMID: 30811584 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis is an important neuronal cell death mechanism. Previous studies reported that activation of melanocortin MC4 receptor exerted neuroprotection in several neurological diseases. Here, we have investigated the role of MC4 receptor activation with RO27-3225 in suppressing neuronal pyroptosis after experimental intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and the underlying mechanism. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH One hundred and sixty-nine male CD1 mice were used. ICH was induced by injection of bacterial collagenase into the right-side basal ganglia. RO27-3225, a selective agonist of MC4 receptor, was injected intraperitoneally at 1 hr after ICH. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we used the specific MC4 receptor antagonist HS024 and NQDI-1, a specific inhibitor of the apoptosis signalling-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1). Neurological tests, Western blot, Fluoro-Jade C, TUNEL, and immunofluorescence staining were conducted. KEY RESULTS Expression of MC4 receptor and the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 1 (NLRP1) inflammasome in brain were increased after ICH. RO27-3225 treatment decreased neuronal pyroptosis and neurobehavioural deficits at 24 and 72 hr after ICH. RO27-3225 reduced the expression of p-ASK1, p-JNK, p-p38 MAPK, NLRP1 inflammasome, cleaved caspase-1, and IL-1β after ICH. HS024 pretreatment prevented the effects of RO27-3225. Similar to RO27-3225, NQDI-1 alone improved neurological functions and down-regulated ASK1/JNK/p38MAPK expression after ICH. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS RO27-3225 suppressed NLRP1-dependent neuronal pyroptosis and improved neurological function, possibly mediated by activation of MC4 receptor and inhibition of ASK1/JNK/p38 MAPK signalling pathways, after experimental ICH in mice. The MC4 receptor may be a promising therapeutic target for the management of ICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengpan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou, China.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Yuchun Zuo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Prativa Sherchan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengtao Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou, China
| | - Jianhua Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Junyi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Lianhua Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Desislava Doycheva
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou, China
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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