1
|
Burma JS, Smirl JD. Letter to the editor: Deriving transfer function analysis metrics from driven methods. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:1053-1056. [PMID: 38466898 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231224504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Driven and spontaneous methods have been used to quantify the cerebral pressure-flow relationship via transfer function analysis (TFA). Commonly, TFA derived estimates are assessed using band averages within the very-low (0.02-0.07 Hz) and low (0.07-0.20 Hz) frequency during spontaneous oscillations but are quantified at frequencies of interest where blood pressure oscillations are driven (e.g., 0.05 and/or 0.10 Hz). Driven estimates more closely resemble the autoregulatory challenges individuals experience on a daily basis, while also eliciting higher levels of reliability. While driven estimates with point-estimates are not feasible for all clinical populations, these approaches increase the ability to understand pathophysiological changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel S Burma
- Cerebrovascular Concussion Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Smirl
- Cerebrovascular Concussion Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Panerai RB, Davies A, Clough RH, Beishon LC, Robinson TG, Minhas JS. The effect of hypercapnia on the directional sensitivity of dynamic cerebral autoregulation and the influence of age and sex. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:272-283. [PMID: 37747437 PMCID: PMC10993882 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231203475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The cerebral circulation responds differently to increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP), compared to reductions in MAP. We tested the hypothesis that this directional sensitivity is reduced by hypercapnia. Retrospective analysis of 104 healthy subjects (46 male (44%), age range 19-74 years), with five minute recordings of middle cerebral blood velocity (MCAv, transcranial Doppler), non-invasive MAP (Finometer) and end-tidal CO2 (capnography) at rest, during both poikilocapnia and hypercapnia (5% CO2 breathing in air) produced MCAv step responses allowing estimation of the classical Autoregulation Index (ARIORIG), and corresponding values for both positive (ARI+D) and negative (ARI-D) changes in MAP. Hypercapnia led to marked reductions in ARIORIG, ARI+D and ARI-D (p < 0.0001, all cases). Females had a lower value of ARIORIG compared to males (p = 0.030) at poikilocapnia (4.44 ± 1.74 vs 4.74 ± 1.48) and hypercapnia (2.44 ± 1.93 vs 3.33 ± 1.61). The strength of directional sensitivity (ARI+D-ARI-D) was not influenced by hypercapnia (p = 0.46), sex (p = 0.76) or age (p = 0.61). During poikilocapnia, ARI+D decreased with age in females (p = 0.027), but not in males. Directional sensitivity was not affected by hypercapnia, suggesting that its origins are more likely to be inherent to the mechanics of vascular smooth muscle than to myogenic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronney B Panerai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Aaron Davies
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester, UK
| | - Rebecca H Clough
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester, UK
| | - Lucy C Beishon
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester, UK
| | - Thompson G Robinson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Jatinder S Minhas
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ishii K, Izaki T, Asahara R, Komine H. Carotid sinus baroafferent signals contribute to cerebral blood flow regulation during acute hypotension in young males: A randomized crossover study. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e15937. [PMID: 38325901 PMCID: PMC10849886 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cerebral autoregulation is an important factor in prevention of cerebral ischemic events. We tested a traditional but unproven hypothesis that carotid sinus baroafferent signals contribute to dynamic cerebral autoregulation. Middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity (MCA Vmean ) responses to thigh-cuff deflation-induced acute hypotension were compared between conditions using neck suction soon after cuff deflation, without or with a cushion wrapped around the upper neck, in nine healthy males (aged 25 ± 5 years). Neck suction was applied close to the hypotension. The MCA Vmean response was expected to differ between conditions because the cushion was presumed to prevent the carotid sinus distension by neck suction. The cushion hindered bradycardia and depressor responses during sole neck suction. Thigh-cuff deflation decreased mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and MCA Vmean (Ps < 0.05) with an almost unchanged respiratory rate under both conditions. However, in the neck suction + cushion condition, subsequent MCA Vmean restoration was faster and greater (Ps ≤ 0.0131), despite similar changes in MAP in both conditions. Thus, carotid sinus baroafferent signals would accelerate dynamic cerebral autoregulation during rapid hypotension in healthy young males. Elucidating the mechanism underlying cerebral neural autoregulation could provide a new target for preventing cerebral ischemic events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ishii
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukubaJapan
| | - Tsubasa Izaki
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukubaJapan
- School of Economics & ManagementKochi University of TechnologyKochiJapan
| | - Ryota Asahara
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukubaJapan
| | - Hidehiko Komine
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and TechnologyTsukubaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Brassard P, Roy MA, Burma JS, Labrecque L, Smirl JD. Quantification of dynamic cerebral autoregulation: welcome to the jungle! Clin Auton Res 2023; 33:791-810. [PMID: 37758907 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-023-00986-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with dysautonomia often experience symptoms such as dizziness, syncope, blurred vision and brain fog. Dynamic cerebral autoregulation, or the ability of the cerebrovasculature to react to transient changes in arterial blood pressure, could be associated with these symptoms. METHODS In this narrative review, we go beyond the classical view of cerebral autoregulation to discuss dynamic cerebral autoregulation, focusing on recent advances pitfalls and future directions. RESULTS Following some historical background, this narrative review provides a brief overview of the concept of cerebral autoregulation, with a focus on the quantification of dynamic cerebral autoregulation. We then discuss the main protocols and analytical approaches to assess dynamic cerebral autoregulation, including recent advances and important issues which need to be tackled. CONCLUSION The researcher or clinician new to this field needs an adequate comprehension of the toolbox they have to adequately assess, and interpret, the complex relationship between arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow in healthy individuals and clinical populations, including patients with autonomic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Brassard
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
- Research center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Canada.
| | - Marc-Antoine Roy
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Research center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Joel S Burma
- Cerebrovascular Concussion Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lawrence Labrecque
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Research center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Smirl
- Cerebrovascular Concussion Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Washio T, Hissen SL, Takeda R, Manabe K, Akins JD, Sanchez B, D'Souza AW, Nelson DB, Khan S, Tomlinson AR, Babb TG, Fu Q. Effects of posture changes on dynamic cerebral autoregulation during early pregnancy in women with obesity and/or sleep apnea. Clin Auton Res 2023; 33:121-131. [PMID: 37115467 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-023-00939-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of syncope during orthostasis increases in early human pregnancy, which may be associated with cerebral blood flow (CBF) dysregulation in the upright posture. In addition, obesity and/or sleep apnea per se may influence CBF regulation due to their detrimental impacts on cerebrovascular function. However, it is unknown whether early pregnant women with obesity and/or sleep apnea could have impaired CBF regulation in the supine position and whether this impairment would be further exacerbated in the upright posture. Dynamic cerebral autoregulation (CA) was evaluated using transfer function analysis in 33 women during early pregnancy (13 with obesity, 8 with sleep apnea, 12 with normal weight) and 15 age-matched nonpregnant women during supine rest. Pregnant women also underwent a graded head-up tilt (30° and 60° for 6 min each). We found that pregnant women with obesity or sleep apnea had a higher transfer function low-frequency gain compared with nonpregnant women in the supine position (P = 0.026 and 0.009, respectively) but not normal-weight pregnant women (P = 0.945). Conversely, the transfer function low-frequency phase in all pregnancy groups decreased during head-up tilt (P = 0.001), but the phase was not different among pregnant groups (P = 0.180). These results suggest that both obesity and sleep apnea may have a detrimental effect on dynamic CA in the supine position during early pregnancy. CBF may be more vulnerable to spontaneous blood pressure fluctuations in early pregnant women during orthostatic stress compared with supine rest due to less efficient dynamic CA, regardless of obesity and/or sleep apnea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Washio
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 7232 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Sarah L Hissen
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 7232 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ryosuke Takeda
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 7232 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kazumasa Manabe
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 7232 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - John D Akins
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 7232 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Belinda Sanchez
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 7232 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
| | - Andrew W D'Souza
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 7232 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - David B Nelson
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Safia Khan
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Andrew R Tomlinson
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 7232 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tony G Babb
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 7232 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qi Fu
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas, 7232 Greenville Avenue, Dallas, TX, 75231, USA.
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Panerai RB, Barnes SC, Batterham AP, Robinson TG, Haunton VJ. Directional sensitivity of dynamic cerebral autoregulation during spontaneous fluctuations in arterial blood pressure at rest. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:552-564. [PMID: 36420777 PMCID: PMC10063834 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221142527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Directional sensitivity, the more efficient response of cerebral autoregulation to increases, compared to decreases, in mean arterial pressure (MAP), has been demonstrated with repeated squat-stand maneuvers (SSM). In 43 healthy subjects (26 male, 23.1 ± 4.2 years old), five min. recordings of cerebral blood velocity (bilateral Doppler ultrasound), MAP (Finometer), end-tidal CO2 (capnograph), and heart rate (ECG) were obtained during sitting (SIT), standing (STA) and SSM. A new analytical procedure, based on autoregressive-moving average models, allowed distinct estimates of the autoregulation index (ARI) by separating the MAP signal into its positive (MAP+D) and negative (MAP-D) derivatives. ARI+D was higher than ARI-D (p < 0.0001), SIT: 5.61 ± 1.58 vs 4.31 ± 2.16; STA: 5.70 ± 1.24 vs 4.63 ± 1.92; SSM: 4.70 ± 1.11 vs 3.31 ± 1.53, but the difference ARI+D-ARI-D was not influenced by the condition. A bootstrap procedure determined the critical number of subjects needed to identify a significant difference between ARI+D and ARI-D, corresponding to 24, 37 and 38 subjects, respectively, for SSM, STA and SIT. Further investigations are needed on the influences of sex, aging and other phenotypical characteristics on the phenomenon of directional sensitivity of dynamic autoregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronney B Panerai
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Sam C Barnes
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Angus P Batterham
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Thompson G Robinson
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Victoria J Haunton
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abbariki F, Roy M, Labrecque L, Drapeau A, Imhoff S, Smirl JD, Brassard P. Influence of high-intensity interval training to exhaustion on the directional sensitivity of the cerebral pressure-flow relationship in young endurance-trained men. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15384. [PMID: 35822439 PMCID: PMC9277516 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported subtle dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) alterations following 6 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) to exhaustion using transfer function analysis (TFA) on forced mean arterial pressure (MAP) oscillations in young endurance-trained men. However, accumulating evidence suggests the cerebrovasculature better buffers cerebral blood flow changes when MAP acutely increases compared to when MAP acutely decreases. Whether HIIT affects the directional sensitivity of the cerebral pressure-flow relationship in these athletes is unknown. In 18 endurance-trained men (age: 27 ± 6 years, VO2 max: 55.5 ± 4.7 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 ), we evaluated the impact of 6 weeks of HIIT to exhaustion on dCA directionality using induced MAP oscillations during 5-min 0.05 and 0.10 Hz repeated squat-stands. We calculated time-adjusted changes in middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity (MCAv) per change in MAP (ΔMCAvT /ΔMAPT ) for each squat transition. Then, we compared averaged ΔMCAvT /ΔMAPT during MAP increases and decreases. Before HIIT, ΔMCAvT /ΔMAPT was comparable between MAP increases and decreases during 0.05 Hz repeated squat-stands (p = 0.518). During 0.10 Hz repeated squat-stands, ΔMCAvT /ΔMAPT was lower during MAP increases versus decreases (0.87 ± 0.17 vs. 0.99 ± 0.23 cm·s-1 ·mmHg-1 , p = 0.030). Following HIIT, ΔMCAvT /ΔMAPT was superior during MAP increases over decreases during 0.05 Hz repeated squat-stands (0.97 ± 0.38 vs. 0.77 ± 0.35 cm·s-1 ·mmHg-1 , p = 0.002). During 0.10 Hz repeated squat-stands, dCA directional sensitivity disappeared (p = 0.359). These results suggest the potential for HIIT to influence the directional sensitivity of the cerebral pressure-flow relationship in young endurance-trained men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Abbariki
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébec CityQuébecCanada
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de QuébecQuébec CityQuébecCanada
| | - Marc‐Antoine Roy
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébec CityQuébecCanada
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de QuébecQuébec CityQuébecCanada
| | - Lawrence Labrecque
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébec CityQuébecCanada
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de QuébecQuébec CityQuébecCanada
| | - Audrey Drapeau
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébec CityQuébecCanada
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de QuébecQuébec CityQuébecCanada
| | - Sarah Imhoff
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébec CityQuébecCanada
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de QuébecQuébec CityQuébecCanada
| | - Jonathan D. Smirl
- Cerebrovascular Concussion Laboratory, Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Hotchkiss Brain InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Integrated Concussion Research ProgramUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of AlbertaUniversity of CalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Concussion Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health and Exercise ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Patrice Brassard
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversité LavalQuébec CityQuébecCanada
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de QuébecQuébec CityQuébecCanada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Scholkmann F, Tachtsidis I, Wolf M, Wolf U. Systemic physiology augmented functional near-infrared spectroscopy: a powerful approach to study the embodied human brain. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:030801. [PMID: 35832785 PMCID: PMC9272976 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.3.030801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this Outlook paper, we explain why an accurate physiological interpretation of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) neuroimaging signals is facilitated when systemic physiological activity (e.g., cardiorespiratory and autonomic activity) is measured simultaneously by employing systemic physiology augmented functional near-infrared spectroscopy (SPA-fNIRS). The rationale for SPA-fNIRS is twofold: (i) SPA-fNIRS enables a more complete interpretation and understanding of the fNIRS signals measured at the head since they contain components originating from neurovascular coupling and from systemic physiological sources. The systemic physiology signals measured with SPA-fNIRS can be used for regressing out physiological confounding components in fNIRS signals. Misinterpretations can thus be minimized. (ii) SPA-fNIRS enables to study the embodied brain by linking the brain with the physiological state of the entire body, allowing novel insights into their complex interplay. We envisage the SPA-fNIRS approach will become increasingly important in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Scholkmann
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Neonatology Research, Department of Neonatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- University College London, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Wolf
- University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Neonatology Research, Department of Neonatology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Wolf
- University of Bern, Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|