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Cheng F, Zhang J, Yang P, Chen Z, Fu Y, Mi J, Xie X, Liu S, Sheng Y. Exploring the neuroprotection of the combination of astragaloside A, chlorogenic acid and scutellarin in treating chronic cerebral ischemia via network analysis and experimental validation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29162. [PMID: 38655299 PMCID: PMC11036006 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) primarily causes cognitive dysfunction and other neurological impairments, yet there remains a lack of ideal therapeutic medications. The preparation combination of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge and Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz have been utilized to ameliorate neurological dysfunction following cerebral ischemia, but material basis of its synergy remains unclear. The principal active ingredients and their optimal proportions in this combination have been identified through the oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) cell model, including astragaloside A, chlorogenic acid and scutellarin (ACS), and its efficacy in enhancing the survival of OGD PC12 cells surpasses that of the combination preparation. Nevertheless, mechanism of ACS against CCI remains elusive. In this study, 63 potential targets of ACS against CCI injury were obtained by network pharmacology, among which AKT1, CASP3 and TNF are the core targets. Subsequent analysis utilizing KEGG and GO suggested that PI3K/AKT pathway may play a crucial role for ACS in ameliorating CCI injury. Then, a right unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (rUCCAO) mouse model and an OGD PC12 cell model were established to replicate the pathological processes of CCI in vivo and in vitro. These models were utilized to explore the anti-CCI effects of ACS and its regulatory mechanisms, particularly focusing on PI3K/AKT pathway. The results showed that ACS facilitated the restoration of cerebral blood flow in CCI mice, enhanced the function of the central cholinergic nervous system, protected against ischemic nerve cell and mitochondrial damage, and improved cognitive function and other neurological impairments. Additionally, ACS upregulated the expression of p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-GSK3β and Bcl-2, and diminished the expression of Cyto-c, cleaved Caspase-3 and Bax significantly. However, the PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) partially reversed the downregulation of Bax, Cyto-c and cleaved Caspase-3 expression as well as the upregulation of p-AKT/AKT, p-GSK3β/GSK3β, and Bcl-2/Bax ratios. These findings suggest that ACS against neuronal damage in cerebral ischemia may be closely related to the activation of PI3K/AKT pathway. These results declared first time ACS may become an ideal candidate drug against CCI due to its neuroprotective effects, which are mediated by the activated PI3K/AKT pathway mitigates mitochondrial damage and prevents cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Zufei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Yinghao Fu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Jiajia Mi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Xingliang Xie
- The Second Class Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
| | - Yanmei Sheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
- The Second Class Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610500, China
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Bouabdallah S, Brinza I, Boiangiu RS, Ibrahim MH, Honceriu I, Al-Maktoum A, Cioanca O, Hancianu M, Amin A, Ben-Attia M, Hritcu L. The Effect of a Tribulus-Based Formulation in Alleviating Cholinergic System Impairment and Scopolamine-Induced Memory Loss in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio): Insights from Molecular Docking and In Vitro/In Vivo Approaches. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:200. [PMID: 38399415 PMCID: PMC10891926 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tribulus terrestris L. (Tt) has been recently gaining attention for its pharmacological value, including its neuroprotective activities. In this study, we explore the neuroprotective effects of a Tribulus terrestris extract in a zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of scopolamine (SCOP)-induced memory impairment and brain oxidative stress. SCOP, an anticholinergic drug, was employed to replicate fundamental aspects of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in animal models. The fish were treated with ethanolic leaf extract (ELE) from Tt (1, 3, and 6 mg/L) for 15 days. SCOP (100 µM) was administered 30 min before behavioral tests were conducted. Molecular interactions of the major compounds identified via UPLC-PDA/MS in Tt fractions with the active site of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were explored via molecular docking analyses. Terrestrosin C, protodioscin, rutin, and saponin C exhibited the most stable binding. The spatial memory performance was assessed using the Y-maze test, and memory recognition was examined using a novel object recognition (NOR) test. Tt extract treatment reversed the altered locomotion patterns that were caused by SCOP administration. Biochemical analyses also verified Tt's role in inhibiting AChE, improving antioxidant enzyme activities, and reducing oxidative stress markers. The present findings pave the way for future application of Tt as a natural alternative to treat cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa Bouabdallah
- Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l’Environnement (LR01/ES14), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia;
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania (L.H.)
| | - Ion Brinza
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania (L.H.)
| | - Razvan Stefan Boiangiu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania (L.H.)
| | - Mona H. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azha University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Iasmina Honceriu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania (L.H.)
| | - Amna Al-Maktoum
- Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Oana Cioanca
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Monica Hancianu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Amr Amin
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mossadok Ben-Attia
- Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l’Environnement (LR01/ES14), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, Zarzouna 7021, Tunisia;
| | - Lucian Hritcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, 700506 Iasi, Romania (L.H.)
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Zhu T, Liu H, Gao S, Jiang N, Chen S, Xie W. Effect of salidroside on neuroprotection and psychiatric sequelae during the COVID-19 pandemic: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:115999. [PMID: 38091637 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the mental health of individuals worldwide, and the risk of psychiatric sequelae and consequent mental disorders has increased among the general population, health care workers and patients with COVID-19. Achieving effective and widespread prevention of pandemic-related psychiatric sequelae to protect the mental health of the global population is a serious challenge. Salidroside, as a natural agent, has substantial pharmacological activity and health effects, exerts obvious neuroprotective effects, and may be effective in preventing and treating psychiatric sequelae and mental disorders resulting from stress stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. Herein, we systematically summarise, analyse and discuss the therapeutic effects of salidroside in the prevention and treatment of psychiatric sequelae as well as its roles in preventing the progression of mental disorders, and fully clarify the potential of salidroside as a widely applicable agent for preventing mental disorders caused by stress; the mechanisms underlying the potential protective effects of salidroside are involved in the regulation of the oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, neural regeneration and cell apoptosis in the brain, the network homeostasis of neurotransmission, HPA axis and cholinergic system, and the improvement of synaptic plasticity. Notably, this review innovatively proposes that salidroside is a potential agent for treating stress-induced health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic and provides scientific evidence and a theoretical basis for the use of natural products to combat the current mental health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhu
- Institute of Neuroregeneration & Neurorehabilitation, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics & State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China; Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, China
| | - Shiman Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shuai Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Donghu Road No. 115, Wuchang District, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Weijie Xie
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200122, China.
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Yao Y, Ren Z, Yang R, Mei Y, Dai Y, Cheng Q, Xu C, Xu X, Wang S, Kim KM, Noh JH, Zhu J, Zhao N, Liu YU, Mao G, Sima J. Salidroside reduces neuropathology in Alzheimer’s disease models by targeting NRF2/SIRT3 pathway. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:180. [PMCID: PMC9636768 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00918-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neurite dystrophy is a pathologic hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, drug discovery targeting neurite protection in AD remains largely unexplored. Methods Aβ-induced neurite and mitochondrial damage assays were used to evaluate Aβ toxicity and the neuroprotective efficacy of a natural compound salidroside (SAL). The 5×FAD transgenic mouse model of AD was used to study the neuroprotective function of SAL. To verify the direct target of SAL, we used surface plasmon resonance and cellular thermal shift assays to analyze the drug-protein interaction. Results SAL ameliorates Aβ-mediated neurite damage in cell culture. We further reveal that SAL represses mitochondrial damage in neurites by promoting mitophagy and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis, dependent on an NAD-dependent deacetylase SIRT3. In AD mice, SAL protects neurite morphology, mitigates Aβ pathology, and improves cognitive function, which are all SIRT3-dependent. Notably, SAL directly binds to transcription factor NRF2, inhibits its degradation by blocking its interaction with KEAP1 ubiquitin ligase, and then advances NRF2-mediated SIRT3 transcription. Conclusions Overall, we demonstrate that SAL, a potential anti-aging drug candidate, attenuates AD pathology by targeting NRF2/SIRT3 pathway for mitochondrial and neurite protection. Drug discovery strategies focusing on SAL may thus provide promising therapeutics for AD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00918-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyuan Yao
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Zhichu Ren
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Ruihan Yang
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yilan Mei
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Yuying Dai
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Qian Cheng
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Chong Xu
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
| | - Xiaogang Xu
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics and Geriatrics, Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310030 China
| | - Sanying Wang
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics and Geriatrics, Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310030 China
| | - Kyoung Mi Kim
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Biological Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Korea
| | - Ji Heon Noh
- grid.254230.20000 0001 0722 6377Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134 Korea
| | - Jian Zhu
- grid.255392.a0000 0004 1936 7777Department of Psychology, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, IL 61920 USA
| | - Ningwei Zhao
- China Exposomics Institute, 781 Cai Lun Road, Shanghai, 200120 China
| | - Yong U. Liu
- grid.79703.3a0000 0004 1764 3838Laboratory for Neuroscience in Health and Disease, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180 China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- grid.417400.60000 0004 1799 0055Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics and Geriatrics, Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, 310030 China
| | - Jian Sima
- grid.254147.10000 0000 9776 7793Laboratory of Aging Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009 China
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TRPM4 inhibition improves spatial memory impairment and hippocampal long-term potentiation deficit in chronic cerebral hypoperfused rats. Behav Brain Res 2020; 393:112781. [PMID: 32619565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) been well characterized as a common pathological status contributing to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. CCH is an important factor that leads to cognitive impairment, but the underlying neurobiological mechanism is poorly understood and no effective treatment is available. Recently, transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4) cation channel has been identified as an important molecular element in focal cerebral ischemia. Over activation of the channel is a major molecular mechanism of oncotic cell death. However, the role of TRPM4 in CCH that propagates global brain hypoxia have not been explored. Therefore, the present study is designed to investigate the effect of TRPM4 inhibition on the cognitive functions of the rats following CCH via permanent bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries (PBOCCA) model. In this model, treatment with siRNA suppressed TRPM4 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels and improved cognitive deficits of the CCH rats without affecting their motor function. Furthermore, treatment with siRNA rescued the LTP impairment in CCH-induced rats. Consistent with the restored of LTP, western blot analysis revealed that siRNA treatment prevented the reduction of synaptic proteins, including calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II alpha (CaMKIIα) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in brain regions of CCH rats. The present findings provide a novel role of TRPM4 in restricting cognitive functions in CCH and suggest inhibiting TRPM4 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy in targeting ion channels to prevent the progression of cognitive deficits induced by ischemia.
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Fan F, Yang L, Li R, Zou X, Li N, Meng X, Zhang Y, Wang X. Salidroside as a potential neuroprotective agent for ischemic stroke: a review of sources, pharmacokinetics, mechanism and safety. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110458. [PMID: 32603893 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salidroside (Sal) is a bioactive extract principally from traditional herbal medicine such as Rhodiola rosea L., which has been commonly used for hundreds of years in Asia countries. The excellent neuroprotective capacity of Sal has been illuminated in recent studies. This work focused on the source, pharmacokinetics, safety and anti-ischemic stroke (IS) effect of Sal, especially emphasizing its mechanism of action and BBB permeability. Extensive databases, including Pubmed, Web of science (WOS), Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), were applied to obtain relevant online literatures. Sal exerts powerful therapeutic effects on IS in experimental models either in vitro or in vivo due to its neuroprotection, with significantly diminishing infarct size, preventing cerebral edema and improving neurological function. Also, the findings suggest the underlying mechanisms involve anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis by regulating multiple signaling pathways and key molecules, such as NF-κB, TNF-α and PI3K/Akt pathway. In pharmacokinetics, although showing a rapid absorption and elimination, bioavailability of Sal is elevated under some non-physiological conditions. The component and its metabolite (tyrosol) are capable of distributing to brain tissue and the later keeps a higher level of concentration. Moreover, Sal scarcely has obvious toxicity or side effects in a variety of animal experiments and clinical trials, but combination of drugs and perinatal use of medicine should be taken more attentions. Finally, as an active ingredient, not only is Sal isolated from diverse plants with limited yield, but also large batches of the products can be harvested by biological and chemical synthesis. With higher efficacy and better safety profiles, Sal could sever as a promising neuroprotectant for preventing and treating IS. Nevertheless, further investigations are still required to explore the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of Sal in the treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Fan
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Rui Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xuemei Zou
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ning Li
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Ethnic Medicine Academic Heritage Innovation Research Center, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Li G, Zhang N, Geng F, Liu G, Liu B, Lei X, Li G, Chen X. High-throughput metabolomics and ingenuity pathway approach reveals the pharmacological effect and targets of Ginsenoside Rg1 in Alzheimer's disease mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7040. [PMID: 31065079 PMCID: PMC6504884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43537-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1, a natural triterpenoid saponins compound isolated from the Panax species, has been found to possess neuroprotective properties in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, its pharmacological mechanism on AD has not been studied. In this study, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q/TOF-MS) based non-targeted metabolomics strategy was performed to explore the mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg1 protecting against AD mice by characterizing metabolic biomarkers and regulation pathways changes. A total of nineteen potential metabolites in serum were discovered and identified to manifest the difference between wild-type mice and triple transgenic mice in control and model group, respectively. Fourteen potential metabolites involved in ten metabolic pathways such as linoleic acid metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism were affected by Rg1. From the ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) platform, the relationship between gene, protein, metabolites alteration and protective activity of ginsenoside Rg1 in AD mice are deeply resolved, which refers to increased level of albumin, amino acid metabolism and molecular transport. In addition, quantitative analysis of key enzymes in the disturbed pathways by proteomics parallel reaction was employed to verify changed metabolic pathway under Ginsenoside Rg1. The UPLC-Q/TOF-MS based serum metabolomics method brings about new insights into the pharmacodynamic studies of Ginsenoside Rg1 on AD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Li
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Xuanwei Avenue 138, Jinghong City, 666100, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Jiamusi, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, Guanghua Street 39, Qianjin District, Jiamusi City, 154007, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Fang Geng
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Shida Road No. 1, Limin Economic Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Guoliang Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bin Liu
- College of Jiamusi, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, Guanghua Street 39, Qianjin District, Jiamusi City, 154007, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xia Lei
- College of Jiamusi, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, Guanghua Street 39, Qianjin District, Jiamusi City, 154007, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Guang Li
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Xuanwei Avenue 138, Jinghong City, 666100, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Yunnan Branch, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Xuanwei Avenue 138, Jinghong City, 666100, Yunnan Province, China.
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Tooth loss causes spatial cognitive impairment in rats through decreased cerebral blood flow and increased glutamate. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 102:225-230. [PMID: 31079020 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The loss of teeth not only causes damage to oral function but also is associated with cognitive impairment. Previous studies have reported that chewing can increase CBF, and CBF plays an important role in cognitive function. Whether the loss of teeth can lead to cognitive impairment by reducing CBF is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in CBF, glutamate concentration, the expression of neuronal apoptosis-relatedBax/Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 mRNA and pyramidal cells in the hippocampus, as well as behavioral changes after tooth loss in rats. DESIGN Twelve weeks after the extraction of all maxillary molars in rats, their spatial learning and memory were tested by the Morris water maze, the CBF was detected by ASL-MRI and glutamate concentration was detected by HPLC; the expression of neuronal apoptosis-related Bax/Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 mRNA and the number of pyramidal cells in the CA1 region were also measured. RESULTS Rats with tooth loss exhibited spatial cognitive impairment in the Morris water maze, decreased CBF, increased glutamate levels andBax/Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 mRNA expression in the hippocampus; the number of pyramidal cells in the CA1 region were also reduced. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that the loss of teeth causes spatial cognitive impairment in rats and that the underlying mechanism might be associated with a decrease in CBF and an increase in the glutamate level in the hippocampus.
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Zhuang W, Yue L, Dang X, Chen F, Gong Y, Lin X, Luo Y. Rosenroot ( Rhodiola): Potential Applications in Aging-related Diseases. Aging Dis 2019; 10:134-146. [PMID: 30705774 PMCID: PMC6345333 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a progressive accumulation of changes in the body, which increases the susceptibility to diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Recently, Chinese medicinal herbs have been investigated for their therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of some aging-related diseases. Rhodiola, known as 'Hongjingtian' in Chinese, has been reported to have anti-aging activity. Here, we provide a comprehensive review about its origin, chemical constituents, and effects on aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhuang
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lifeng Yue
- 2Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaofang Dang
- 3Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of T.C.M.S Shijingshan District, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Fei Chen
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yuewen Gong
- 4College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E 0T5, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Xiaolan Lin
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yumin Luo
- 5Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
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Ma GP, Zheng Q, Xu MB, Zhou XL, Lu L, Li ZX, Zheng GQ. Rhodiola rosea L. Improves Learning and Memory Function: Preclinical Evidence and Possible Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:1415. [PMID: 30564123 PMCID: PMC6288277 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea L. (R. rosea L.) is widely used to stimulate the nervous system, extenuate anxiety, enhance work performance, relieve fatigue, and prevent high altitude sickness. Previous studies reported that R. rosea L. improves learning and memory function in animal models. Here, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis for preclinical studies to assess the current evidence for R. rosea L. effect on learning and memory function. Ultimately, 36 studies involving 836 animals were identified by searching 6 databases from inception to May 2018. The primary outcome measures included the escape latency in Morris water maze (MWM) test on behalf of learning ability, the frequency and the length of time spent on the target quadrant in MWM test representing memory function, and the number of errors in step down test, dark avoidance test and Y maze test on behalf of memory function. The secondary outcome measures were mechanisms of R. rosea L. for learning and/or memory function. Compared with control, the pooled results of 28 studies showed significant effects of R. rosea L. for reducing the escape latency (P < 0.05); 23 studies for increasing the frequency and the length of time spent on the target quadrant (P < 0.05); and 6 studies for decreasing the number of errors (P < 0.01). The possible mechanisms of R. rosea L. are largely through antioxidant, cholinergic regulation, anti-apoptosis activities, anti-inflammatory, improving coronary blood flow, and cerebral metabolism. In conclusion, the findings suggested that R. rosea L. can improve learning and memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gou-ping Ma
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qun Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Meng-bei Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-li Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin Lu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zuo-xiao Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Antidepressant-like effect of salidroside and curcumin on the immunoreactivity of rats subjected to a chronic mild stress model. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 121:604-611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.09.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zhong Z, Han J, Zhang J, Xiao Q, Hu J, Chen L. Pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action, and safety of salidroside in the central nervous system. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:1479-1489. [PMID: 29872270 PMCID: PMC5973445 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s160776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The primary objective of this review article was to summarize comprehensive information related to the neuropharmacological activity, mechanisms of action, toxicity, and safety of salidroside in medicine. A number of studies have revealed that salidroside exhibits neuroprotective activities, including anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-Parkinson's disease, anti-Huntington's disease, anti-stroke, anti-depressive effects, and anti-traumatic brain injury; it is also useful for improving cognitive function, treating addiction, and preventing epilepsy. The mechanisms underlying the potential protective effects of salidroside involvement are the regulation of oxidative stress response, inflammation, apoptosis, hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, neurotransmission, neural regeneration, and the cholinergic system. Being free of side effects makes salidroside potentially attractive as a candidate drug for the treatment of neurological disorders. It is evident from the available published literature that salidroside has potential use as a beneficial therapeutic medicine with high efficacy and low toxicity to the central nervous system. However, the definite target protein molecules remain unclear, and clinical trials regarding this are currently insufficient; thus, guidance for further research on the molecular mechanisms and clinical applications of salidroside is urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Zhong
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Han
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jizhou Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Xiao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Hu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lidian Chen
- Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
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Palmeri A, Mammana L, Tropea MR, Gulisano W, Puzzo D. Salidroside, a Bioactive Compound of Rhodiola Rosea, Ameliorates Memory and Emotional Behavior in Adult Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 52:65-75. [PMID: 26967223 DOI: 10.3233/jad-151159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Rhodiola Rosea (R. Rosea) is a plant used in traditional popular medicine to enhance cognition and physical performance. R. Rosea medicinal properties have been related to its capability to act as an adaptogen, i.e., a substance able to increase the organism's resistance to a variety of chemical, biological, and physical stressors in a non-specific way. These adaptogen properties have been mainly attributed to the glycoside salidroside, one of the bioactive compounds present in the standardized extracts of R. Rosea. Here, we aimed to investigate whether a single dose of salidroside is able to affect memory and emotional behavior in wild type adult mice. We performed fear conditioning to assess cued and contextual memory, elevated plus maze and open field to evaluate anxiety, and tail suspension test to evaluate depression. Our results showed that a single i.p. administration of salidroside was able to enhance fear memory and exerted an anxiolytic and antidepressant effect. These data confirmed the adaptogenic effect of R. Rosea bioactive compounds in animal models and suggest that salidroside might represent an interesting pharmacological tool to ameliorate cognition and counteract mood disorders.
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Natural products against Alzheimer's disease: Pharmaco-therapeutics and biotechnological interventions. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 35:178-216. [PMID: 28043897 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severe, chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with memory and cognition impairment ultimately leading to death. It is the commonest reason of dementia in elderly populations mostly affecting beyond the age of 65. The pathogenesis is indicated by accumulation of the amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in brain tissues and hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in neurons. The main cause is considered to be the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to oxidative stress. The current treatment provides only symptomatic relief by offering temporary palliative therapy which declines the rate of cognitive impairment associated with AD. Inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is considered as one of the major therapeutic strategies offering only symptomatic relief and moderate disease-modifying effect. Other non-cholinergic therapeutic approaches include antioxidant and vitamin therapy, stem cell therapy, hormonal therapy, use of antihypertensive or lipid-lowering medications and selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, inhibition of β-secretase and γ-secretase and Aβ aggregation, inhibition of tau hyperphosphorylation and intracellular NFT, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), transition metal chelators, insulin resistance drugs, etanercept, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) etc. Medicinal plants have been reported for possible anti-AD activity in a number of preclinical and clinical trials. Ethnobotany, being popular in China and in the Far East and possibly less emphasized in Europe, plays a substantial role in the discovery of anti-AD agents from botanicals. Chinese Material Medica (CMM) involving Chinese medicinal plants has been used traditionally in China in the treatment of AD. Ayurveda has already provided numerous lead compounds in drug discovery and many of these are also undergoing clinical investigations. A number of medicinal plants either in their crude forms or as isolated compounds have exhibited to reduce the pathological features associated with AD. In this present review, an attempt has been made to elucidate the molecular mode of action of various plant extracts, phytochemicals and traditional herbal formulations investigated against AD as reported in various preclinical and clinical tests. Herbal synergism often found in polyherbal formulations were found effective to combat disease heterogeneity as found in complex pathogenesis of AD. Finally a note has been added to describe biotechnological improvement, genetic and genomic resources and mathematical and statistical techniques for empirical model building associated with anti-AD plant secondary metabolites and their source botanicals.
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Si PP, Zhen JL, Cai YL, Wang WJ, Wang WP. Salidroside protects against kainic acid-induced status epilepticus via suppressing oxidative stress. Neurosci Lett 2016; 618:19-24. [PMID: 26940236 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous mechanisms by which the brain generates seizures. It is well known that oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in status epilepticus (SE). Salidroside (SDS) extracted from Rhodiola rosea L. shows multiple bioactive properties, such as neuroprotection and antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo. This study explored the role of SDS in kainic acid (KA)-induced SE and investigated the underlying mechanism. Latency to SE increased in the SDS-pretreated mice compared to the KA group, while the percentage of incidence of SE was significantly reduced. These results suggested that pretreatment with SDS not only delayed SE, but it also decreased the incidence of SE induced by KA. KA increased MDA level and reduced the production of SOD and GSH at multiple timepoints after KA administration. SDS inhibited the change of MDA, SOD and GSH induced by KA prior to SE onset, indicating that SDS protects against KA-induced SE via suppressing oxidative stress. Based on these results, we investigated the possible molecular mechanism of SDS. Pretreatment with SDS reversed the KA-induced decrease in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); increased the sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) deacetylase activity in KA-treated mice, which had no demonstrable effect on SIRT1 mRNA and protein; and suppressed the KA-induced increase in Ace-FoxO1. These results showed that AMPK/SIRT1/FoxO1 signaling is possibly the molecular mechanism of neuroprotection by SDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Pei Si
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050071, PR China
| | - Jun-Li Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050071, PR China
| | - Yun-Lei Cai
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050071, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050071, PR China
| | - Wei-Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Hebei Province, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050071, PR China.
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