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Azizi AA, Lamarca A, McNamara MG, Valle JW. Chemotherapy for advanced gallbladder cancer (GBC): A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 163:103328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Huang S, Wang H, Chen W, Zhan M, Xu S, Huang X, Lin R, Shen H, Wang J. Tamoxifen inhibits cell proliferation by impaired glucose metabolism in gallbladder cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1599-1613. [PMID: 31782270 PMCID: PMC6991689 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the leading malignancy of biliary system showing refractory chemoresistance to current first‐line drugs. Growing epidemiological evidences have established that the incidence of GBC exhibits significant gender predominance with females two‐threefold higher than males, suggesting oestrogen/oestrogen receptors (ERs) signalling might be a critical driver of tumorigenesis in gallbladder. This study aims to evaluate the antitumour activity of tamoxifen (TAM), a major agent of hormonal therapy for breast cancer, in preclinical GBC model. Quantitative real‐time PCR was used to investigate mRNA levels. Protein expression was measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Glycolytic levels were measured by glucose consumption and lactic acid measurement. The antitumour activity of TAM alone or with cisplatin was examined with CCK8 assay, colony formation, flow cytometry and in vivo models. The results revealed that ERɑ expression was higher in GBC tissues and predicted poor clinical outcomes. TAM was showed effective against a variety of GBC cell lines. Mechanical investigations revealed that TAM enabled potent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by reduced nuclear factor Nrf2 expression and its target genes, leading to the activation of AMPK, which subsequently induced impaired glycolysis and survival advantages. Notably, TAM was demonstrated to sensitize GBC cells to cisplatin (CDDP) both in vitro and in vivo. In agreement with these findings, elimination of oestrogens by ovariectomy in nude mice prevented CDDP resistance. In summary, these results provide basis for TAM treatment for GBC and shed novel light on the potential application of endocrine therapy for patients with GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Huang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhan
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sunwang Xu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xince Huang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruirong Lin
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Filippi R, Lombardi P, Quarà V, Fenocchio E, Aimar G, Milanesio M, Leone F, Aglietta M. Pharmacotherapeutic options for biliary tract cancer: current standard of care and new perspectives. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:2121-2137. [PMID: 31550186 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1667335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Biliary tract cancer (BTC), which comprises gallbladder cancer, ampullary cancer, and cholangiocarcinoma, is a rare and heterogeneous entity, with limited approved therapeutic options. However, interest in this disease has grown exponentially in recent years, as a mounting body of evidence has shed light on the complex molecular and microenvironmental background of BTC, and clinical investigations have explored a variety of new agents and combinations, with promising results.Areas covered: This review describes the standard of care in advanced BTC and summarizes the most recent evidence available on the pharmacological treatment of resected and advanced disease, focusing on chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.Expert opinion: The therapeutic armamentarium of BTC has made radical progress after almost a decade of very few positive results. Phase-III evidence now supports the use of adjuvant capecitabine after resection of localized disease, while investigations into improved regimens in the advanced setting are underway, exploring alternative options to the standard gemcitabine-cisplatin doublet. The first positive phase-III trial supports the use of the mFOLFOX6 regimen as a second-line chemotherapy. Targeted therapy against specific genomic alterations can combine with chemotherapy in specific subsets of patients. Despite recent advancements, conducting clinical trials for BTC is still a real challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Filippi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Pasquale Lombardi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Virginia Quarà
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Fenocchio
- Multidisciplinary Outpatient Oncology Clinic, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Giacomo Aimar
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Michela Milanesio
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Francesco Leone
- Medical Oncology, Ospedale degli Infermi, Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Biella, Biella, Italy
| | - Massimo Aglietta
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Candiolo, Italy.,Department of Medical Oncology, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
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A Phase II Study of Biweekly Cisplatin, Fixed-Dose-Rate Gemcitabine and Infusional 5-Fluorouracil in Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic and Biliary Cancers. Am J Clin Oncol 2019; 41:128-132. [PMID: 26535993 DOI: 10.1097/coc.0000000000000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Combinations of gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and platinum have demonstrated improved outcomes compared with singlet chemotherapy in pancreatic and biliary cancers. This phase II study examined efficacy and safety of a novel schedule of cisplatin, fixed-dose-rate gemcitabine and infusional 5-FU. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas or biliary tract, previously untreated or having received 1 cytotoxic regimen for advanced disease, were treated with gemcitabine 1000 mg/m intravenously (IV) over 100 minutes, cisplatin 35 mg/m IV over 30 minutes, and 5-FU 2400 mg/m IV over 48 hours on day 1 of a 14-day cycle. Patients were treated until disease progression or for 12 cycles. After 12 cycles, patients with stable or responding disease could continue gemcitabine and 5-FU. The primary endpoint was objective response. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients were treated: 8 with biliary cancer (all untreated) and 31 with pancreatic cancer (17 untreated, 14 previously treated). Best response in 25 untreated patients was partial response in 40%, stable disease in 40%, and progressive disease in 20%. In 14 previously treated pancreatic patients, best response was partial response in 7%, stable disease in 50%, and progressive disease in 43%. Median overall survival in untreated patients was 10.3 versus 4.9 months in previously treated patients. Adverse events were primarily uncomplicated hematologic toxicity, ≥grade 3 neutropenia (54%), anemia (21%), and thrombocytopenia (13%). CONCLUSION Biweekly cisplatin, fixed-dose-rate gemcitabine, and infusional 5-FU demonstrated a high response rate and were well tolerated, encouraging further investigation of this regimen in metastatic pancreatic and biliary cancers.
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Fang J, Ye Z, Gu F, Yan M, Lin Q, Lin J, Wang Z, Xu Y, Wang Y. DUSP1 enhances the chemoresistance of gallbladder cancer via the modulation of the p38 pathway and DNA damage/repair system. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1869-1875. [PMID: 30008878 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a commonly used drug for gallbladder cancer (GBC) chemotherapy. However, resistance to CDDP treatment results in relapse. Therefore, there is a need for the development of more effective treatment strategies to overcome chemoresistance. Dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) was reported to be involved in the resistance of a number of chemotherapeutic agents and was revealed to be highly expressed in CDDP-resistant GBC cells and CDDP-treated tumor types compared with normal cells or tissues in the present study. DUSP1 was revealed to inhibit the cytotoxicity of CDDP in two GBC cell lines, SGC996 and GBC-SD. P38 mitogen-activated protein kinases may be involved in the mechanism of chemoresistance. Furthermore, the number of DNA double-strand breaks in SGC996 OE cells was reduced compared with SGC996 vector cells indicating DUSP1 may attenuate the chemotherapeutic efficiency. Due to its potency against CDDP treatment, DUSP1 may be a promising target to overcome chemoresistance in GBC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Zhimin Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Feiying Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Maohui Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Qingren Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Juan Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Zhun Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Yuezhen Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang Province Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
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Tang JC, Feng YL, Liang X, Cai XJ. Autophagy in 5-Fluorouracil Therapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer: Trends and Challenges. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 129:456-63. [PMID: 26879020 PMCID: PMC4800847 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.176069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based combination therapies are standard treatments for gastrointestinal cancer, where the modulation of autophagy is becoming increasingly important in offering effective treatment for patients in clinical practice. This review focuses on the role of autophagy in 5-FU-induced tumor suppression and cancer therapy in the digestive system. Data Sources: All articles published in English from 1996 to date those assess the synergistic effect of autophagy and 5-FU in gastrointestinal cancer therapy were identified through a systematic online search by use of PubMed. The search terms were “autophagy” and “5-FU” and (“colorectal cancer” or “hepatocellular carcinoma” or “pancreatic adenocarcinoma” or “esophageal cancer” or “gallbladder carcinoma” or “gastric cancer”). Study Selection: Critical reviews on relevant aspects and original articles reporting in vitro and/or in vivo results regarding the efficiency of autophagy and 5-FU in gastrointestinal cancer therapy were reviewed, analyzed, and summarized. The exclusion criteria for the articles were as follows: (1) new materials (e.g., nanomaterial)-induced autophagy; (2) clinical and experimental studies on diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers in digestive system cancers; and (3) immunogenic cell death for anticancer chemotherapy. Results: Most cell and animal experiments showed inhibition of autophagy by either pharmacological approaches or via genetic silencing of autophagy regulatory gene, resulting in a promotion of 5-FU-induced cancer cells death. Meanwhile, autophagy also plays a pro-death role and may mediate cell death in certain cancer cells where apoptosis is defective or difficult to induce. The dual role of autophagy complicates the use of autophagy inhibitor or inducer in cancer chemotherapy and generates inconsistency to an extent in clinic trials. Conclusion: Autophagy might be a therapeutic target that sensitizes the 5-FU treatment in gastrointestinal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiu-Jun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Laparosopic Technology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310016, China
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Shoji H, Morizane C, Sakamoto Y, Kondo S, Ueno H, Takahashi H, Ohno I, Shimizu S, Mitsunaga S, Ikeda M, Okusaka T. Phase I clinical trial of oral administration of S-1 in combination with intravenous gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2015; 46:132-7. [PMID: 26685318 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyv179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose and the recommended dose of combining S-1 with gemcitabine and cisplatin for advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma first-line therapy. METHODS Chemotherapy-naive patients with histologically or cytologically proven unresectable or metastatic biliary tract adenocarcinoma were enrolled. Patients with advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma received gemcitabine and cisplatin intravenously on Days 1 and 8 and S-1 orally twice daily from Days 1 to 14. Cycles were repeated every 21 days until disease progression. Patients were scheduled to receive gemcitabine (mg/m(2)/week), cisplatin (mg/m(2)/week) and S-1 (mg/m(2)/day) at four dose levels: 800/25/40 (level 0), 1000/25/40 (level 1), 1000/25/60 (level 2) and 1000/25/80 (level 3). Level 1 was chosen as the starting dose. For cases where recommended dose could not be determined within the triweekly schedule, we prepared a biweekly schedule to find recommended dose. RESULTS Seventeen patients with advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma were treated across three dose levels. Maximum tolerated dose and recommended dose were defined as level 0. Dose-limiting toxicities included a Grade 3 maculopapular rash, Grade 4 thrombocytopenia and consecutive administration skips of gemcitabine and cisplatin on Day 8. Five partial responses were observed. CONCLUSIONS This triweekly triplet regimen was well tolerated and showed promising antitumor activity in patients with advanced biliary tract adenocarcinoma. We recommend level 0, gemcitabine at 800 mg/m(2)/week, cisplatin at 25 mg/m(2)/week and S-1 at 40 mg/m(2)/day during a 21-day cycle, in further studies with this schedule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Shoji
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo
| | - Chigusa Morizane
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo
| | - Yasunari Sakamoto
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo
| | - Shunsuke Kondo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo
| | - Hideki Ueno
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo
| | - Hideki Takahashi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Izumi Ohno
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimizu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Shuichi Mitsunaga
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ikeda
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Takuji Okusaka
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo
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Ole Larsen F, Taksony Solyom Hoegdall D, Hoegdall E, Nielsen D. Gemcitabine, capecitabine and oxaliplatin with or without cetuximab in advanced biliary tract carcinoma. Acta Oncol 2015; 55:382-5. [PMID: 26364518 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2015.1080858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Finn Ole Larsen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark and
| | | | - Estrid Hoegdall
- Department of Pathology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorte Nielsen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark and
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Moriwaki T, Ishida H, Araki M, Endo S, Yoshida S, Kobayashi M, Hamano Y, Sugaya A, Shimoyamada M, Hasegawa N, Imanishi M, Ito Y, Sato D, Hyodo I. Phase I study of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and S-1 combination therapy for patients with untreated advanced biliary tract cancer. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2015; 22:669-74. [PMID: 25877225 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To develop a triplet regimen containing gemcitabine, cisplatin, and S-1 (GPS), we assessed the recommended dose for patients with untreated advanced biliary tract cancer in this phase I study. METHODS Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were evaluated for the following two dose levels: gemcitabine (1000 mg/m(2) for level 1 and 1200 mg/m(2) for level 2 on day 1), cisplatin (30 mg/m(2) fixed dose on day 1), and S-1 (40-60 mg/day fixed dose twice a day for 7 days), every 2 weeks until progression. DLTs for each level were evaluated in six or more patients during the first two cycles. RESULTS A total of 18 patients were enrolled and 16 patients were evaluated. DLTs at level 1 were observed in two of 10 patients. At level 2, a DLT was observed in one of six patients. The main grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events were neutropenia and leukopenia, and a few non-hematological toxicities were observed. Among 14 patients with measurable lesions, the best response rate was 50%. CONCLUSIONS GPS with a relative dose intensity corresponding to 90% of the standard gemcitabine plus cisplatin regimen could be administered safely, and showed preliminary antitumor activity. Survival benefits will be studied subsequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshikazu Moriwaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Ishida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mito Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Araki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Ibaraki Prefectural Central Hospital and Cancer Center, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinji Endo
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shigemasa Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mito Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Mariko Kobayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yukako Hamano
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Akinori Sugaya
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiro Shimoyamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mito Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Hasegawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Mamiko Imanishi
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuka Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mito Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Daiki Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mito Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ichinosuke Hyodo
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
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Larsen FO, Mellergaard AH, Hoegdall DTS, Jensen LH. Gemcitabine, capecitabine and oxaliplatin in advanced biliary tract carcinoma. Acta Oncol 2014; 53:1448-50. [PMID: 24930389 DOI: 10.3109/0284186x.2014.926026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Finn Ole Larsen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Denmark
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Senatore FJ, Ynson ML, Dasanu CA. Adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater: what treatment options are available? J Oncol Pharm Pract 2014; 21:364-9. [PMID: 24906539 DOI: 10.1177/1078155214538086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The scientific literature on adenocarcinoma of the ampulla (papilla) of Vater suggests that it either represents a distinct entity or is more closely related to small bowel adenocarcinoma than to the biliary malignancies. The ambiguity surrounding this rare cancer has kindled research exploring its immunohistochemistry aspects and gene expression profiling. While the basis of management for resectable disease remains surgical intervention, the role of adjuvant chemotherapy is not clear. A recent large phase 3 clinical trial conducted in patients with resected ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma favored adjuvant chemotherapy over observation alone. The standards of therapy for the advanced small bowel adenocarcinoma and biliary cancer are fluoropyrimidine derivatives and gemcitabine-based combinations, respectively. In addition, new biologic and targeted agents may enhance clinical results seen in this cancer type. Therefore, diligently designed clinical trials are necessary to establish its optimal treatment strategies. We describe herein a patient with ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma who had an exceptional response to fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy. We further include a discussion reviewing the clinicopathologic aspects of this neoplasm as well as focus on currently available and future therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Senatore
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, USA
| | - Marie L Ynson
- Department of Medicine, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, USA
| | - Constantin A Dasanu
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, USA
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Liang X, Tang J, Liang Y, Jin R, Cai X. Suppression of autophagy by chloroquine sensitizes 5-fluorouracil-mediated cell death in gallbladder carcinoma cells. Cell Biosci 2014; 4:10. [PMID: 24581180 PMCID: PMC4015784 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy1 is a complex of adaptive cellular response that enhances cancer cell survival in the face of cellular stresses such as chemothery. Here we show that in human gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) cells lines, SGC-996 and GBC-SD, autophagy is induced by the DNA damaging agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). While in combination with the pre-treatment of chloroquine (CQ), a inhibitor of autophagy, the inhibition of 5-FU to the proliferation and viability of GBC cells was potentiated. Furthermore, 5-FU treatment resulted in a general increase of the apoptotic rate and G0/G1 arrest of GBC cells, and the effect was potentiated by CQ pre-treatment. Since 5-FU induced autophagy in GBC cells, and CQ inhibited autophagy, our findings suggest a possible mechanism that CQ inhibited 5-FU-induced autophagy, which modified the cytotoxicity of 5-FU. The combination therapy of CQ and 5-FU should be considered as an effective strategy for the treatment of gallbladder carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- Key Lab of Surgery of Zhejiang province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - JiaCheng Tang
- Key Lab of Surgery of Zhejiang province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - YueLong Liang
- Key Lab of Surgery of Zhejiang province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - RenAn Jin
- Key Lab of Surgery of Zhejiang province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
| | - XiuJun Cai
- Key Lab of Surgery of Zhejiang province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, People's Republic of China
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