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Shibata R, Machida Y, Hatakeyama H, Yoshimura H, Yamamoto M, Ochiai K, Uematsu K, Michishita M. Hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma with metastases to the lymph nodes in a sika deer (Cervus nippon yakushimae). J Vet Med Sci 2020; 82:193-196. [PMID: 31902801 PMCID: PMC7041989 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 26-year and 6-month-old male sika deer that was kept at the Showa Park, Tokyo, Japan,
collapsed and died of severe disease wasting and severe tabefaction. Grossly, numerous
masses, 0.3–1.0 cm diameter, were dispersed throughout the liver. The multiple masses were
composed of tumor cells, which had hypochromatic nuclei and abundant faintly eosinophilic
cytoplasm, arranged in nests of various sizes. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were
positive for cytokeratin, chromogranin A, synaptophysin and gastrin. Ultrastructurally,
the cytoplasm of the tumor cells contained abundant membrane-bound electron-dense
granules. A metastatic lesion was observed in the renal, hepatic and pancreatic lymph
nodes. On the basis of these findings, this tumor was diagnosed as a neuroendocrine
carcinoma with metastases to the lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritsu Shibata
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Yukino Machida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Hatakeyama
- Laboratory of Comparative Cellular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yoshimura
- Division of Physiological Pathology, Department of Applied Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Masami Yamamoto
- Division of Physiological Pathology, Department of Applied Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ochiai
- Department of Basic Science, School of Veterinary Nursing and Technology, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Uematsu
- Akishima Animal Hospital, 1260 Nakagami-cho, Akishima, Tokyo 196-0022, Japan
| | - Masaki Michishita
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, 1-7-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino, Tokyo 180-8602, Japan
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Tirosh-Levy S, Perl S, Valentine BA, Kelmer G. Erythrocytosis and fatigue fractures associated with hepatoblastoma in a 3-year-old gelding. J S Afr Vet Assoc 2019; 90:e1-e5. [PMID: 31038324 PMCID: PMC6556709 DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v90i0.1708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatoblastoma was diagnosed in a 3-year-old Thoroughbred gelding presented with forelimb lameness with bilateral fatigue fractures of the proximal third metacarpal bones. An abdominal mass was detected on ultrasound examination of the abdomen. Absolute erythrocytosis was diagnosed after clinical and haematological evaluation. The fractured metacarpal bones were surgically removed but complications after surgery were fatal. The liver mass was diagnosed as a hepatoblastoma based on histology and immunochemical staining. The combination of hepatoblastoma and fatigue fractures has not been described previously in horses. A potential link between the hepatic and orthopaedic pathologies is hypothesised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Tirosh-Levy
- Department of Large Animal Surgery, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot.
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Castiglioni V, Radaelli E. Spontaneous pulmonary co-metastasis of hepatoblastoma arising within a hepatocellular carcinoma in an aged C57BL/6J mouse. J Toxicol Pathol 2018; 31:195-199. [PMID: 30093789 PMCID: PMC6077162 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2017-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Murine hepatoblastoma (HB) is a rare spontaneous tumor with controversial histogenesis. It mainly occurs in aged males, frequently in close association with preexisting hepatocellular neoplasms. The present work describes a spontaneous HB arising within a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a 22-month-old male C57BL/6J mouse. The mouse also developed pulmonary co-metastases with either tumor components physically associated within the same metastatic foci. Microscopically, the HB consisted of a densely cellular neoplastic growth composed of palisades and perivascular pseudorosettes of poorly differentiated primitive cells, with a scant amount of cytoplasm, elongated hyperchromatic nuclei, and a high mitotic rate, whereas the hepatocellular carcinoma was composed of solid areas of neoplastic hepatocytes. Both in primary tumors and their metastases, β-catenin immunohistochemistry revealed a strong nucleocytoplasmic signal in HB cells, while neoplastic hepatocytes displayed a delicate membranous staining pattern. These findings suggest that the Wnt/β-catenin oncogenic pathway is upregulated in murine HB but not in the co-existing HCC, thus providing some insights into their divergent pathogenesis. Coexisting murine HB and HCC have been demonstrated to be completely distinct entities including origin, mutational landscape, and molecular profile. In this context, they might be regarded as collision tumors because of their intimate association, unique histologic features, and distinct immunohistochemical patterns. Nevertheless, the nature of their coevolution and progression to a co-metastatic phenotype reflects a close interdependence and support the overall idea that HB's origin and progression might be promoted by not otherwise specified paracrine stimuli provided by the concurrent hepatocellular tumor (the so called "interaction theory").
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrico Radaelli
- Comparative Pathology Core, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6051, U.S.A.,VIB Center for the Biology of Disease and KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, Herestraat 49, Leuven 3000, Belgium
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Abstract
Older companion animals may be uncommonly affected with hepatobiliary neoplasia. If clinical signs are shown they are often nonspecific. Animals may have increased liver enzyme activities detected on serum biochemistry. Ultrasound imaging can help to characterize liver lesions and guide sampling with fine needle aspiration. Treatment for massive liver tumor morphology involves liver lobectomy. Prognosis depends on the tumor morphology, type, and stage, but can be good for cats and dogs with massive hepatocellular tumors, with animals experiencing prolonged survival and low recurrence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Selmic
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1008 West Hazelwood Drive, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
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5
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van Sprundel RGHM, van den Ingh TSGAM, Guscetti F, Kershaw O, van Wolferen ME, Rothuizen J, Spee B. Classification of primary hepatic tumours in the cat. Vet J 2014; 202:255-66. [PMID: 25439443 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic tumours in dogs have recently been re-classified to follow a revised human classification system that takes account of identified hepatic progenitor cells. This study investigated the presence and relative frequency of morphological types of feline primary hepatic neoplasms and aimed to determine whether a similar new classification scheme could be applied in cats. Feline primary liver tumours (n = 61) were examined histologically and with a series of immunohistochemical markers. Six cases of nodular hyperplasia and 21 tumours of hepatocellular origin were diagnosed. The latter were subdivided into hepatocellular tumours that were well differentiated and had no evidence of metastases (n = 18) and tumours that showed poorly differentiated areas with marked cellular and nuclear pleomorphism and had intrahepatic and, or, distant metastases (n = 3). These malignant feline hepatocellular tumours maintained their hepatocellular characteristics (HepPar-1, MRP2, pCEA positive) and were negative, or only <5% positive, for K19. Twenty-five cholangiocellular tumours were diagnosed and all had intrahepatic and, or, distant metastases. Eight NSE positive small cell carcinomas (carcinoids) were diagnosed and subdivided into small cell carcinomas with HPC characteristics (K19 positive) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (K19 negative). In addition, one squamous cell carcinoma originating from the distal part of the choledochal duct was recognised. Feline primary hepatic neoplasms can be sub-divided into benign and malignant hepatocellular tumours, cholangiocellular carcinomas, small cell carcinomas with HPC characteristics, neuroendocrine carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. The marked species difference justifies a specific classification for feline primary hepatic neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee G H M van Sprundel
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Franco Guscetti
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Olivia Kershaw
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monique E van Wolferen
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Rothuizen
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Spee
- Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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de Vries C, Vanhaesebrouck E, Govaere J, Hoogewijs M, Bosseler L, Chiers K, Ducatelle R. Congenital ascites due to hepatoblastoma with extensive peritoneal implantation metastases in a premature equine fetus. J Comp Pathol 2012; 148:214-9. [PMID: 22819019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2012.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A premature dead equine fetus with excessive fluctuating distension of the abdomen was delivered by extraction. Post-mortem examination revealed ascites and a solitary, irregular, bulging, multinodular, firm, yellow mass of 25 cm in diameter in the right liver lobe. Extensive peritoneal implantation metastases were present. The masses were composed of polygonal embryonal cells arranged in sheets and nests. Based on the immunohistochemical expression of Ki67, low molecular weight cytokeratin and alpha-1 fetoprotein, a diagnosis of hepatoblastoma with peritoneal implantation metastases was made.
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Affiliation(s)
- C de Vries
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke Ghent, Belgium.
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