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Watson AK, Kepplinger B, Bakhiet SM, Mhmoud NA, Chapman J, Allenby NEE, Mickiewicz K, Goodfellow M, Fahal AH, Errington J. Systematic whole-genome sequencing reveals an unexpected diversity among actinomycetoma pathogens and provides insights into their antibacterial susceptibilities. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010128. [PMID: 35877680 PMCID: PMC9352199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycetoma is a neglected tropical chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissues. More than 70 species with a broad taxonomic diversity have been implicated as agents of mycetoma. Understanding the full range of causative organisms and their antibiotic sensitivity profiles are essential for the appropriate treatment of infections. The present study focuses on the analysis of full genome sequences and antibiotic inhibitory concentration profiles of actinomycetoma strains from patients seen at the Mycetoma Research Centre in Sudan with a view to developing rapid diagnostic tests. Seventeen pathogenic isolates obtained by surgical biopsies were sequenced using MinION and Illumina methods, and their antibiotic inhibitory concentration profiles determined. The results highlight an unexpected diversity of actinomycetoma causing pathogens, including three Streptomyces isolates assigned to species not previously associated with human actinomycetoma and one new Streptomyces species. Thus, current approaches for clinical and histopathological classification of mycetoma may need to be updated. The standard treatment for actinomycetoma is a combination of sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Most tested isolates had a high IC (inhibitory concentration) to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim or to amoxicillin alone. However, the addition of the β-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid to amoxicillin increased susceptibility, particularly for Streptomyces somaliensis and Streptomyces sudanensis. Actinomadura madurae isolates appear to have a particularly high IC under laboratory conditions, suggesting that alternative agents, such as amikacin, could be considered for more effective treatment. The results obtained will inform future diagnostic methods for the identification of actinomycetoma and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Keith Watson
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Bernhard Kepplinger
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Najwa Adam Mhmoud
- The Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Jonathan Chapman
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Nick EE Allenby
- Odyssey Therapeutics Inc, The Biosphere, Draymans Way, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Mickiewicz
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Goodfellow
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Hassan Fahal
- The Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
- * E-mail: (AHF); (JH)
| | - Jeff Errington
- Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (AHF); (JH)
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Cole SD, Harvey BK, Shea E, Bradley CW. Amycolatopsis spp. infection with correlative histopathological findings from the paw of a cat. Vet Dermatol 2021; 33:174-176. [PMID: 34817103 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the clinical presentation and diagnosis of a deep cutaneous Amycolatopsis spp. infection in a cat. Diagnosis was based on a combination of methods including culture, 16s rRNA sequencing and histopathological evaluation. Histopathological findings demonstrated unique melanin production. This report highlights the potential for infection by Actinomycetales beyond Nocardia and Actinomyces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Cole
- Department of, Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 , Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Bridget K Harvey
- Department of, Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey Street, Rm 4005, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Emily Shea
- Department of, Clinical Sciences and Advanced Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 Delancey Street, Rm 4005, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Charles W Bradley
- Department of, Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3900 , Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Giuliano A, Watson P, Owen L, Skelly B, Davison L, Dobson J, Costantino‐Casas F. Idiopathic sterile pyogranuloma in three domestic cats. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:202-205. [PMID: 29761888 PMCID: PMC7166439 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pyogranulomatous inflammation has been extensively described in cats, in particular in cases of feline infectious peritonitis and also associated with Mycobacteria, Actinomyces, Nocardia, Rhodococcus and fungal infections. Idiopathic sterile pyogranulomatous dermatitis has also been described. In this case series we describe the clinical presentation, histopathology and outcome of three cases of feline idiopathic sterile steroid-responsive pyogranuloma with different presentation and different locations of the lesion, but with the common feature of having a mass with no superficial skin involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Giuliano
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - P. Watson
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - L. Owen
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - B. Skelly
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - L. Davison
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - J. Dobson
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
| | - F. Costantino‐Casas
- Department of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CB3 0ESUK
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Affolter VK. Dermatopathology - the link between ancillary techniques and clinical lesions. Vet Dermatol 2016; 28:134-e28. [DOI: 10.1111/vde.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena K. Affolter
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University California Davis; One Shields Avenue, VM3A, Room 4206 Davis CA 95616 USA
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