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Gagné V, Turgeon R, Jomphe V, Demers CMH, Hébert M. Evaluation of the effects of blue-enriched white light on cognitive performance, arousal, and overall appreciation of lighting. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1390614. [PMID: 38813427 PMCID: PMC11133540 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1390614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Light's non-visual effects on the biological clock, cognitive performance, alertness, and mental health are getting more recognized. These are primarily driven by blue light, which triggers specific retinal cells containing melanopsin. Traditionally, research on light has relied on correlated color temperature (CCT) as a metric of its biological influence, given that bluer light corresponds to higher Kelvin values. However, CCT proves to be an inadequate proxy of light's biological effects. A more precise metric is melanopic Equivalent Daylight Illuminance (mel-EDI), which aligns with melanopsin spectrum. Studies have reported positive cognitive impacts of blue-enriched white light. It's unclear if the mixed results are due to different mel-EDI levels since this factor wasn't assessed. Method Given recent recommendations from experts to aim for at least 250 mel-EDI exposure daily for cognitive benefits, our aim was to assess if a 50-minute exposure to LED light with 250 mel-EDI could enhance concentration and alertness, without affecting visual performance or comfort compared to conventional lighting producing around 150 mel-EDI. To ensure mel-EDI's impact, photopic lux levels were kept constant across conditions. Conditions were counterbalanced, parameters included subjective sleepiness (KSS; Karolinska Sleepiness Scale), concentration (d2-R test), visual performance (FrACT; Freiburg Visual Acuity and Contrast Test), general appreciation (VAS; Visual Analogous Scale), preferences and comfort (modified OLS; Office Lighting Survey). Results The experimental light significantly reduced sleepiness (p = 0.03, Cohen's d = 0.42) and also decreased contrast sensitivity (p = 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.50). The conventional light was found to be more comfortable (p = 0.002, Cohen's d = 0.62), cheerful (p = 0.02, Cohen's d = 0.46) and pleasant (p = 0.005, Cohen's d = 0.55) while the experimental light was perceived as brighter (p = 0.004, Cohen's d = 0.58) and tended to be more stimulating (p = 0.10). Notably, there was a preference for conventional lighting (p = 0.004, Cohen's d=0.56) and concentration was equally improved in both conditions. Discussion Despite the lack of further improvement in concentration from exposure to blue-enriched light, given the observed benefits in terms of vigilance, further research over an extended period would be justified. These findings could subsequently motivate cognitive optimization through lighting for workers that would benefit from artificial lighting such as in northern regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Gagné
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Rose Turgeon
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Jomphe
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Claude M. H. Demers
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec, QC, Canada
- École d’Architecture, Faculté d’aménagement, d’architecture, d’art et de design, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Hébert
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et des Services Sociaux de la Capitale Nationale, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département d’Ophtalmologie et Otorhinolaryngologie – Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
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Yang J, Guo H, Yue P, Wang Z, Wu D, Zhang P. Contrast sensitivity and comfort levels with different types of polarised glasses under steady glare. ERGONOMICS 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38686974 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2024.2347485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The influence of various polarised glasses on visual performance is crucial due to their widespread. This study measured the visual contrast sensitivity (CS) of dominant eyes by quick contrast sensitivity function (qCSF) procedure at 10 spatial frequencies and 3 noise levels under nonglare, steady glare, steady glare with night lenses, and steady glare with day&night lenses, respectively. Later, the second experiment measured the subjects' subjective feelings under these four viewing conditions. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the CS between the two conditions with polarised glasses and the steady glare. However, the subjects reported greater comfort with glasses than without them. These results suggest that there was an underlying bias when people rated the polarised glasses, and the qCSF procedure was a useful tool for evaluating visual performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Yang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huanhuan Guo
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Pinqing Yue
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Zhang P, Ren W, Meng H, Wang J, Lu Q, Chen G, Li C, Li Y, Zhang S, Tao J, Wu D. An interaction effect of external noise and exposure duration on the spatial contrast sensitivity function. Psych J 2023. [PMID: 36914284 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that contrast sensitivity is sensitive to stimulus exposure duration. Here, we investigated how the duration effect on contrast sensitivity was modulated by the spatial frequency and intensity of external noise. Through a contrast detection task, the contrast sensitivity function under 10 spatial frequencies, three external noise, and two exposure duration conditions was measured. The temporal integration effect was defined by the difference in contrast sensitivity or the area under the log contrast sensitivity function between short and long exposure durations. We found that (1) the temporal integration effect was less pronounced in the zero-noise condition than in the low- or high-noise condition; (2) in the zero-noise condition, a stronger temporal integration effect was observed at high spatial frequencies; (3) in the high-noise condition, a stronger temporal integration effect was observed at low spatial frequencies; (4) the spatial-frequency-dependent transient or sustained mechanism is also sensitive to external noise level; and (5) perceptual template model analysis revealed that both decreased additive internal noise and an improved perceptual template accounted for the temporal integration effect, and these two factors were tuned to spatial frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weicong Ren
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hu Meng
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jialei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Library, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ge Chen
- College of Art and Design, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- School of Nursing, Yueyang Vocational Technical College, Yueyang, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Healthy Children, Beijing, China
| | - Shilei Zhang
- Huihua College of Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiayu Tao
- Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Zhang P, Wang H, Ren W, Guo H, Yang J, Tao J, Yang Z, Li Y, Chen L, Zhang Y, Wu D. The Effect of Bangerter Filters on Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity With External Noise. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:804576. [PMID: 35645725 PMCID: PMC9136063 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.804576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is critical to address the relationship between density label of Bangerter filters and expected visual acuity, and how filters modulate contrast sensitivity (CS) at different spatial frequency and external noise levels. In the current study, the monocular visual acuity and CS at ten spatial frequencies and three noise levels were measured in normal subjects wearing no filters, 0.8, 0.4, or 0.2 Bangerter filters. Compared with the baseline condition (no filter worn), Bangerter filters degraded both visual acuity and contrast sensitivity function (CSF) in zero-noise conditions, but the reduction of both visual functions did not correlate with each other at any filter level. In addition, the stronger the filter was, the worse both visual functions became. In contrast, when external noise was present, filters improved the contrast sensitivity at low frequencies but deteriorated it at intermediate and high spatial frequencies. The perceptual template model was used to reveal the corresponding mechanism accounted for filter-induced visual function changes. Although the internal process in visual system should not be affected by the filters, the measurement of parameters was biased. To be specific, (1) the internal additive noise was elevated at all frequencies; (2) the perceptual template was improved at low spatial frequencies but impaired at intermediate spatial frequencies; and (3) the changes in both factors were highly dependent on filter intensity. We conclude that Bangerter filters influence visual acuity and contrast sensitivity differently and that their effect on contrast sensitivity depends on spatial frequency and noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hanlin Wang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weicong Ren
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huanhuan Guo
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiayi Yang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiayu Tao
- Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Zhijie Yang
- Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Chen
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
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Zhang P, Guo Y, Qiao Y, Yan N, Zhang Y, Ren W, Zhang S, Wu D. Acute Alcohol Intake Affects Internal Additive Noise and the Perceptual Template in Visual Perception. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:873671. [PMID: 35645717 PMCID: PMC9136069 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.873671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A reduction in visual performance is among the serious consequences of acute alcohol intake. Contrast sensitivity (CS) is a fundamental feature of visual function. Here, we investigated the negative effect of a moderate dose of alcohol on CS across a wide range of spatial frequencies and with multiple levels of external noise and clarified the corresponding mechanisms in the context of a perceptual template model (PTM). To avoid the effect of alcohol washout, a quick contrast sensitivity function (qCSF) method was used to assess the visual performance of subjects before and 30 min after a moderate dose of alcohol intake. We found that (1) CS was significantly disrupted by acute alcohol intake; (2) alcohol-induced CS loss was dependent on spatial frequency and external noise; and (3) increased internal additive noise and an impaired perceptual template accounted for alcohol-induced CS loss. These results help us better understand the negative effect of alcohol consumption and provide guidance for driver safety studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yeshuo Guo
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuxin Qiao
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nan Yan
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yajing Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weicong Ren
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shilei Zhang
- Huihua College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- *Correspondence: Shilei Zhang,
| | - Di Wu
- Military Medical Psychology School, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Di Wu,
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Zhang P, Wang H, Ren W, Lu Q, Li C, Chen G, Zhang S, Tao J, Li Y, Wu D, Wang Z. Lower Internal Additive Noise and Better Perceptual Template Characterize Binocular Contrast Sensitivity Summation. Front Psychol 2021; 12:740759. [PMID: 34659058 PMCID: PMC8514620 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.740759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Binocular summation is generally defined as the superiority of binocular over monocular performance. Here, we investigated how external noise modulates the effect of binocular summation on the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and clarified the corresponding mechanisms with a perceptual template model (PTM). The contrast sensitivity (CS) over 10 spatial frequencies and three external noise levels was assessed under one binocular and two monocular viewing conditions. The binocular summation ratio (BSR) was calculated by dividing the area under the log CSF (AULCSF), or the CS of using both eyes, by that of only using the "good eye" (BSRG) or the "bad eye" (BSRB), respectively. We found that: (1) based on the AULCSF, the BSRB was higher than the BSRG; (2) based on the AULCSF, the BSR was more pronounced under zero-noise than under low-noise conditions, but the BSR was not higher than 1 under high-noise conditions due to a large individual difference; (3) based on the CS, with increasing spatial frequencies, the BSRB steadily increased; (4) both decreased internal additive noise and an improved perceptual template accounted for the gain in binocular summation. These results help us better understand the features of binocular CS and shed light on the clinical studies on populations with monocular CS loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hanlin Wang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weicong Ren
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qing Lu
- Library, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenxi Li
- School of Nursing, Yueyang Vocational Technical College, Yueyang, China
| | - Ge Chen
- College of Art and Design, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shilei Zhang
- Huihua College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiayu Tao
- Department of Psychology, Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children Healthy, Beijing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Military Medical Psychology School, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Department of Psychology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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