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Torland V, Thomassen Ø, Østerås Ø. Kitesurfing and snowkiting injuries in Norway: a retrospective study. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:26. [PMID: 38254180 PMCID: PMC10804644 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00812-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kiteboarding (kitesurfing on water and snowkiting) is a fairly new sport and is defined as a high-risk sport. The injury rate has been reported to be between 6 and 9 per 1000 h. The aim of the study was to identify and describe kiteboarding-related injuries in Norway over a five-year period. METHODS We used "snowball sampling" to identify kiteboarding accidents in a retrospective study. In addition, we conducted structural searches in the National Air Ambulance Service and Search and Rescue Helicopter patient record databases. All included informants were interviewed. Descriptive methods were used to characterise the sample. RESULTS Twenty-nine kiteboarders were included, with a total of 33 injuries. One half of the injuries to head, face and neck were cerebral concussions (n = 12). The most common type of injury was bone fractures (n = 28), followed by soft tissue injuries (n = 24). Most injuries were of moderate severity (51%) and falling from less than 5 m was the most common mechanism of injury. Operator error and lack of experience were the most frequently reported causes of accidents (82%). CONCLUSIONS Serious injuries occured during kiteboarding. The majority of kiteboarders reported operator error or lack of experience as the cause of their accident. Prior to kiteboarding, a course highlighting the importance in using helmet for snowkiting and both helmet and life vest in kitesurfing, should be mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venke Torland
- Dept of Anaesthesia and intensive Care, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068, Stavanger, PO Box 8100, Norway
| | - Øyvind Thomassen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, PO Box 1400, Norway
- Mountain Medicine Research Group, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, PO Box 7804, Norway
- Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, PO Box 414 Sentrum, 0184, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Østerås
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021, Bergen, PO Box 1400, Norway.
- Mountain Medicine Research Group, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, PO Box 7804, Norway.
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Pegoraro N, Rossini B, Giganti M, Brymer E, Monasterio E, Bouchat P, Feletti F. Telemedicine in Sports under Extreme Conditions: Data Transmission, Remote Medical Consultations, and Diagnostic Imaging. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6371. [PMID: 37510603 PMCID: PMC10380087 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Telemedical technologies provide significant benefits in sports for performance monitoring and early recognition of many medical issues, especially when sports are practised outside a regulated playing field, where participants are exposed to rapidly changing environmental conditions or specialised medical assistance is unavailable. We provide a review of the medical literature on the use of telemedicine in adventure and extreme sports. Out of 2715 unique sport citations from 4 scientific databases 16 papers met the criteria, which included all research papers exploring the use of telemedicine for monitoring performance and health status in extreme environments. Their quality was assessed by a double-anonymised review with a specifically designed four-item scoring system. Telemedicine was used in high-mountain sports (37.5%; n = 6), winter sports (18.7%; n = 3), water sports (25%; n = 4), and long-distance land sports (18.7%; n = 3). Telemedicine was used for data transfer, teleconsulting, and the execution of remote-controlled procedures, including imaging diagnostics. Telemedical technologies were also used to diagnose and treat sport-related and environmentally impacted injuries, including emergencies in three extreme conditions: high mountains, ultraendurance activities, and in/under the water. By highlighting sport-specific movement patterns or physiological and pathological responses in extreme climatic conditions and environments, telemedicine may result in better preparation and development of strategies for an in-depth understanding of the stress of the metabolic, cardiorespiratory, biomechanical, or neuromuscular system, potentially resulting in performance improvement and injury prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pegoraro
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e per la Romagna, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Benedetta Rossini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e per la Romagna, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Melchiore Giganti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e per la Romagna, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eric Brymer
- Humans Sciences, Faculty of Health, Southern Cross University, Southern Cross Drive, Bilinga, QLD 4225, Australia
| | - Erik Monasterio
- Christchurch School of Medicine, University of Otago, Hillmorton Hospital, Private Bag 4733, Christchurch 8024, New Zealand
| | - Pierre Bouchat
- Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Francesco Feletti
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale e per la Romagna, Università degli Studi di Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
- Dipartimento Diagnostica per Immagini-Ausl Romagna, U.O. Radiologia-Ospedale S. Maria delle Croci, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
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Montalvo AM, Schneider DK, Yut L, Webster KE, Beynnon B, Kocher MS, Myer GD. "What's my risk of sustaining an ACL injury while playing sports?" A systematic review with meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2019; 53:1003-1012. [PMID: 29514822 PMCID: PMC6561829 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence proportion (IP) and incidence rate (IR) for ACL injury in athletes. DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis DATA SOURCES: The PubMed, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus electronic databases were searched from inception to 20 January 2017. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Studies were included if they reported total number of participants/population by sex, total number of ACL injuries by sex and total person-time by sex. RESULTS Fifty-eight studies were included. The IP and IR of ACL injury in female athletes were 3.5% (1 out of every 29 athletes) and 1.5/10 000 athlete-exposures over a period of 1 season-25 years. The IP and IR of ACL injury in male athletes were 2.0% (1 out of every 50 athletes) and 0.9/10 000 athlete-exposures over a period of 1-25 years. Female athletes had a higher relative risk (RR) for ACL injury compared with males (RR=1.5; 95% CI 1.2 to 1.9; P<0.01) and a higher incidence rate ratio (IRR) of ACL injury compared with males over 1 season-25 years (IRR=1.7; 95% CI 1.4 to 2.2; P<0.010). When accounting for participation level, the disparity in the IR between female and male athletes was highest for amateur athletes compared with intermediate and elite athletes (IRR=2.1; 95% CI 1.3 to 3.4; P<0.01; I²=82%). Amateur female athletes remained at higher risk of ACL injury than did with amateur male athletes. In studies where follow-up length was <1 year, female athletes had a higher IR of ACL injury than did to males (IRR=1.7; 95% CI 1.3 to 2.2; P<0.01). Where follow-up was 1 year and beyond, there was no sex difference in the IR of ACL injury (IRR=2.1; 95% CI 0.9 to 4.8; P=0.06; I²=65%). SUMMARY/CONCLUSIONS One in 29 female athletes and 1 in 50 male athletes ruptured their ACL in a window that spanned from 1season to 25 years. The IR of ACL injury among female athletes in a season was 1.7 times higher than the IR of ACL injury among male athletes and the IP of ACL injury among female athletes was 1.5 times higher than the IP of ACL injury among male athletes. The reported sex disparity in ACL injury rates is independent of participation level and length of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Montalvo
- Department of Athletic Training, Florida International University, Nicole Wertheim College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Daniel K Schneider
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Laura Yut
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel School of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Kate E Webster
- School of Allied Health, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bruce Beynnon
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Mininder S Kocher
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory D Myer
- Division of Sports Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Sports Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Athletic Training Division, School of Allied Medical Professions, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Micheli Center for Sports Injury Prevention, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA
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Montalvo AM, Schneider DK, Webster KE, Yut L, Galloway MT, Heidt RS, Kaeding CC, Kremcheck TE, Magnussen RA, Parikh SN, Stanfield DT, Wall EJ, Myer GD. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk in Sport: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Injury Incidence by Sex and Sport Classification. J Athl Train 2019; 54:472-482. [PMID: 31009238 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-407-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate sex differences in incidence rates (IRs) of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury by sport type (collision, contact, limited contact, and noncontact). DATA SOURCES A systematic review was performed using the electronic databases PubMed (1969-January 20, 2017) and EBSCOhost (CINAHL, SPORTDiscus; 1969-January 20, 2017) and the search terms anterior cruciate ligament AND injury AND (incidence OR prevalence OR epidemiology). STUDY SELECTION Studies were included if they provided the number of ACL injuries and the number of athlete-exposures (AEs) by sex or enough information to allow the number of ACL injuries by sex to be calculated. Studies were excluded if they were analyses of previously reported data or were not written in English. DATA EXTRACTION Data on sport classification, number of ACL injuries by sex, person-time in AEs for each sex, year of publication, sport, sport type, and level of play were extracted for analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS We conducted IR and IR ratio (IRR) meta-analyses, weighted for study size and calculated. Female and male athletes had similar ACL injury IRs for the following sport types: collision (2.10/10 000 versus 1.12/10 000 AEs, IRR = 1.14, P = .63), limited contact (0.71/10 000 versus 0.29/10 000 AEs, IRR = 1.21, P = .77), and noncontact (0.36/10 000 versus 0.21/10 000 AEs, IRR = 1.49, P = .22) sports. For contact sports, female athletes had a greater risk of injury than male athletes did (1.88/10 000 versus 0.87/10 000 AEs, IRR = 3.00, P < .001). Gymnastics and obstacle-course races were outliers with respect to IR, so we created a sport category of fixed-object, high-impact rotational landing (HIRL). For this sport type, female athletes had a greater risk of ACL injury than male athletes did (4.80/10 000 versus 1.75/10 000 AEs, IRR = 5.51, P < .001), and the overall IRs of ACL injury were greater than all IRs in all other sport categories. CONCLUSIONS Fixed-object HIRL sports had the highest IRs of ACL injury for both sexes. Female athletes were at greater risk of ACL injury than male athletes in contact and fixed-object HIRL sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia M Montalvo
- Department of Athletic Training, Florida International University, Miami
| | | | | | - Laura Yut
- Department of Athletic Training, Florida International University, Miami
| | | | | | - Christopher C Kaeding
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | | | - Robert A Magnussen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus
| | | | | | | | - Gregory D Myer
- Department of Athletic Training, Florida International University, Miami.,Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH
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Feletti F, Brymer E. Injury in kite buggying: the role of the 'out-of-buggy experience'. J Orthop Surg Res 2018; 13:104. [PMID: 29716626 PMCID: PMC5930821 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-018-0818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this descriptive, epidemiological study is to classify injury patterns and determine dynamics of injuries, possible causes and preventive measures. METHODS A questionnaire was filled in by 127 kite buggying enthusiasts in 17 countries. Injuries were classified by type and anatomical site. Incident causes were analysed using the Haddon matrix. RESULTS Injuries classified as moderate or severe (AIS score ≥ 2) were sustained by 26% of kite buggy enthusiasts. The most common incident dynamic (61.8%) was the OBE (an acronym for 'out-of-buggy experience'). Causal factors were largely equipment-related (42.3%), with remaining incidents being equally attributable to environmental and human factors. While upper and lower limbs were equally involved in incidents, the most frequently affected anatomical site was the shoulder (23%). CONCLUSION Kite buggying can be considered a sport with the potential for serious injury. Injury prevention in this sport needs to be approached from several angles and should include the development and adoption of automatic release systems and shoulder guards, the establishment of formal training programs covering the subject of meteorology and the establishment of secure, designated kite buggying areas. Findings from this study are important for two reasons. First, they demonstrate the significance of understanding specific sports when considering health and safety, and second, the study provides specific data for the fast growing extreme sport of kite buggying.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Feletti
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Ausl della Romagna, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, Ravenna, Italy. .,Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - E Brymer
- School of Sport, Leeds Becket University, Leeds, UK
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about injuries in canyoning. It was the purpose of this study to determine injury rates, patterns, causes and risk factors in canyoning; and to identify targets for future injury prevention strategies. METHODS From May to October 2015, 109 participants from 17 different countries were prospectively followed via a monthly e-mail-based questionnaire. RESULTS During 13,690 h of canyoning, 57 injury-events occurred. The overall injury-rate was 4.2 injuries/1000 h of canyoning. The hand (23%) and lower leg and foot (25%) were most frequently involved. Most of the injuries were mild (n = 27, 49%) and limited to the soft-tissue. There were seven severe injuries (12%) with two lateral malleolar fractures, both necessitating surgery. The majority of injuries were due to material failure (44%) and significantly more injury-events were reported when the tour included rappelling (p = 0.037). Canyoning guides suffered from significantly less injuries compared to beginners and advanced canyoneers (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The majority of canyoning injuries are mild. On the other side, roughly one-tenth suffered from severe injury. Canyoning guides are less prone to injury-events and beginners should consider performing tours with experienced guides. Notwithstanding, rappelling was the most common activity associated with an injury and the material used was deemed causative for an injury-event in almost half of all cases. Further improvement in canyoning equipment, frequent equipment service, and instructional courses to ensure adequate employment of equipment might minimize the risk of getting injured.
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Ernstbrunner L, Runer A, Siegert P, Ernstbrunner M, Becker J, Freude T, Resch H, Moroder P. A prospective analysis of injury rates, patterns and causes in Cliff and Splash Diving. Injury 2017; 48:2125-2131. [PMID: 28807431 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Information about injuries and its differences in Cliff Diving (CD) and Splash Diving (SD) are unknown. It was the aim to analyse (1) injury rates, patterns and causes; (2) differences (in injuries) between both disciplines; and to (3) identify targets for future injury prevention interventions. METHODS From April to November 2013, 81 cliff and 51 splash divers were prospectively surveyed with an encrypted, monthly e-mail-based questionnaire. RESULTS During a total of 7857h diving with an average diving height of 13 (±7)m, an overall injury rate of 7.9 injuries/1000h of sport exposure was reported. Cliff divers most commonly suffered from injuries of the foot and ankle (18%; n=24) and neck and cervical spine (14%; n=19). In SD, the lower limb (52%; n=43) and lower back (23%; n=19) were most frequently involved. In 79% (n=49) of the cases, the injury happened while entering the water. Cliff divers were in 52% (n=15) of the injuries in a feet-first and in 14% (n=4) in a head-first position. Splash divers were in 45% (n=9) of the injuries in a back- or buttocks-first position. Most of the injuries were bruises (47%; n=104) and muscle strains (13%; n=28). The injury risk during practice was significantly higher than in competition (11.3 vs. 4.5 injuries/1000h; OR 2.5; p=0.001). The injury risk of experts (15.4/1000h exposure) was significantly higher than in professionals (6.3/1000h exposure; OR 2.4; 95% CI, 3.3-1.9; p<0.001), although the average diving height was significantly higher in professionals (19m±8 vs. 12m±6; p<0.001). Significantly more professionals performed dryland training compared to experts (p=0.006). CONCLUSION Most of the injuries are related to the water entry. The entry position plays a key role in injury patterns with pursuant differences comparing CD with SD. Although most of the injuries involved soft-tissue only, severe injuries have been reported. Targets for future injury prevention strategies include protection for the increased impaction at entry; adaption of the diving conditions in practice to those in competition; dryland training courses; and instruction of non-professional divers to teach appropriate diving techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Ernstbrunner
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland; Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Armin Runer
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, Christoph-Probst-Platz, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Paul Siegert
- Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Matthäus Ernstbrunner
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Becker
- Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Freude
- Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Herbert Resch
- Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Philipp Moroder
- Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Muellner Hauptstrasse 48, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Campus Virchow, Charité -Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe rates, patterns, and causes of acute injuries in an increasingly popular outdoor sport. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING One winter season ranging from November 2011 to March 2011. PARTICIPANTS Seventy ice climbers from 13 different countries and various performance levels. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants were asked to complete a monthly Internet-based survey regarding their completed hours of training and competitions and eventual sustained injuries. RESULTS During 4275 hours of ice climbing, 42 injuries occurred, of which 81.0% were defined as mild, 16.6% as moderate, and 2.4% as severe. The calculated injury rate was 9.8 injuries per 1000 hours of sports exposure. Intermediate ice climbers had a significantly higher injury risk compared with advanced ice climbers (odds ratio, 2.55; 95% confidence intervals, 1.17-5.54; P = 0.018). About 73.8% of all injuries occurred on a frozen waterfall, icicles, or icefalls, whereas 4.8% occurred on artificial ice walls. The head was the most injured body part (47.6%), followed by the knee (14.3%) and the shoulder (11.9%). The most common types of injuries were abrasions (38.1%), contusions (35.7%), and joint sprains (7.1%). Falling ice was the main circumstance leading to injury (59.5%). All athletes with a head injury wore a helmet; however, only 35.0% mentioned they used protective goggles. CONCLUSION Ice climbing is a sport with moderate risk for injury with most of the reported injuries being of minor severity. However, severe and fatal injuries, although less common, also occur. Advanced ice climbers with greater experience and skill level have a lower overall injury risk.
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Decock M, De Wilde L, Vanden Bossche L, Steyaert A, Van Tongel A. Incidence and aetiology of acute injuries during competitive road cycling. Br J Sports Med 2016; 50:669-72. [PMID: 26968218 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-095612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the ever-increasing popularity of bicycle racing, the high perceived risk of acute injuries and the recent media attention, studies of acute injuries in road cyclists are rather scarce. The goal of this study is to evaluate the incidence, aetiology and patterns of acute injuries in non-professional competitive road cyclists during cycling races in Flanders. MATERIAL AND METHODS All acute injuries that occurred during competition in Flanders in 2002 and 2012, collected in the injury registry, were analysed. The incidence, injury rate, diagnosis, circumstances and level of performance were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 777 documented reports of accidents (1230 injuries) were retrieved for the years 2002 and 2012. There was no significant difference between incidence and injury rate between 2002 and 2012. There was a strong significant difference in the incidence between the different levels of performance in both seasons. Severe injuries were seen in 29.5% in 2002 and in 30.1% in 2012. The most common location of a severe injury was the hand. Collision with another rider was the most common cause of injury. CONCLUSIONS Almost 1 out of 6 non-professional competitive road cyclists had an accident during cycling races in 2002 and 2012 in Flanders and collision with other riders was the most important cause of a crash. The most common lesion was abrasion, but almost one out of three riders had a severe injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Decock
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lieven De Wilde
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc Vanden Bossche
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sports Medicine Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
| | - Adelheid Steyaert
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Sports Medicine Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
| | - Alexander Van Tongel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Depressed skull fracture by a mass of 3kg in shot putt an adolescent of 13 years. A rare sports injury. A rare fracture of the skull-deflection shot putt. Int J Surg Case Rep 2014; 6C:203-5. [PMID: 25549954 PMCID: PMC4334875 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2014.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More and more teenagers indulge in sports at school or in recreational settings. Some of these sports are considered to be purveyors of accidents and should be practiced by putting in place safety rules and regulations. This report is unusual case of a school child of age 13 who suffered from depressed skull fracture due to accidental fall of a mass of 3kg during an athletics meeting. PRESENTATION OF CASE He was a 13-year-old boy who accidentally received on his head a throwing mass of 3kg thrown by a young athlete at a school athletics meeting. He became unconsciousness for a moment. The radio clinical evaluation showed a parietal depressed fracture without mass effect on the brain parenchyma to the CT scan. Depression was surgically removed in quite favorable manner. DISCUSSION Karting is known as a particular sporting accident that causes head injuries affecting mostly children. Other sports such as boxing and skiing are also known to cause trauma but wearing helmets has significantly reduced these sports injuries. Throwing sports can also lead to accidents in the absence of strict security as demonstrated by this case. It was a skull depressed fracture that was operated upon because it entailed a risk leading to a compressive callus. CONCLUSION This accident could have been avoided if basic safety precautions were put in place.
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Runer A, Runer F, Neunhäuserer D, Ring-Dimitriou S, Resch H, Moroder P. A 1-year prospective analysis of injuries in amateur and elite fistball. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2013; 24:e188-94. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Runer
- Medical University of Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
- Institute of Sport Science and Kinesiology; University of Salzburg; Salzburg Austria
| | - F. Runer
- Institute of Sport Science and Kinesiology; University of Torino; Torino Italy
| | - D. Neunhäuserer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Prevention and Rehabilitation; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
| | - S. Ring-Dimitriou
- Institute of Sport Science and Kinesiology; University of Salzburg; Salzburg Austria
| | - H. Resch
- Department of Traumatology and Sports Injuries; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
| | - P. Moroder
- Department of Traumatology and Sports Injuries; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
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Moses B, Orchard J, Orchard J. Systematic review: Annual incidence of ACL injury and surgery in various populations. Res Sports Med 2012; 20:157-79. [PMID: 22742074 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2012.680633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Accurate documentation of injury incidence is critical for study of injury risk factors and prevention. Comparisons of published incidences of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and surgical reconstructions are difficult, however, because of the variations in units. Some studies report absolute time-based denominators (such as annual incidence or incidence per 100,000 person years), whereas others report exposure-based denominators (such as incidence per 1,000 player hours or athlete exposures). We converted exposure-based units into annual incidences to compare various studies. National population studies show annual incidence rates of up to 0.05% per person per year in Australia. Professional athletes in basketball, soccer, and the other football codes report an annual incidence of 0.15%-3.7% in studies with at least a moderate sample size. Annual ACL incidence in amateur sporting groups was generally higher than the entire population but lower than among professional athletes. Converting incidence rates to annual units allowed better comparisons to be made between population rates across different studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Moses
- The Sports Clinic, University of Sydney, Australia.
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