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Tomaszewska E, Świątkiewicz M, Muszyński S, Donaldson J, Ropka-Molik K, Arciszewski MB, Murawski M, Schwarz T, Dobrowolski P, Szymańczyk S, Dresler S, Bonior J. Repetitive Cerulein-Induced Chronic Pancreatitis in Growing Pigs-A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097715. [PMID: 37175426 PMCID: PMC10177971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is an irreversible and progressive inflammatory disease. Knowledge on the development and progression of CP is limited. The goal of the study was to define the serum profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the cell antioxidant defense system (superoxidase dismutase-SOD, and reduced glutathione-GSH) over time in a cerulein-induced CP model and explore the impact of these changes on selected cytokines in the intestinal mucosa and pancreatic tissue, as well as on selected serum biochemical parameters. The mRNA expression of CLDN1 and CDH1 genes, and levels of Claudin-1 and E-cadherin, proteins of gut barrier, in the intestinal mucosa were determined via western blot analysis. The study showed moderate pathomorphological changes in the pigs' pancreas 43 days after the last cerulein injection. Blood serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1-beta, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP), SOD and GSH were increased following cerulein injections. IL-1-beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and GSH were also increased in jejunal mucosa and pancreatic tissue. In duodenum, decreased mRNA expression of CDH1 and level of E-cadherin and increased D-lactate, an indicator of leaky gut, indicating an inflammatory state, were observed. Based on the current results, we can conclude that repetitive cerulein injections in growing pigs not only led to CP over time, but also induced inflammation in the intestine. As a result of the inflammation, the intestinal barrier was impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Świątkiewicz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland
| | - Siemowit Muszyński
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Environmental Biology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Janine Donaldson
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
| | - Katarzyna Ropka-Molik
- Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, 32-083 Balice, Poland
| | - Marcin B Arciszewski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maciej Murawski
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Biotechnology and Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Schwarz
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Ethology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Dobrowolski
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sylwia Szymańczyk
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sławomir Dresler
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Bonior
- Department of Medical Physiology, Chair of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-126 Kraków, Poland
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Turunen A, Kuuliala A, Penttilä A, Kaukonen KM, Mustonen H, Pettilä V, Puolakkainen P, Kylänpää L, Kuuliala K. Time course of signaling profiles of blood leukocytes in acute pancreatitis and sepsis. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2019; 80:114-123. [PMID: 31833422 DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2019.1700548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Activation of intracellular signaling pathways in circulating leukocytes represents an early step in systemic immune-inflammatory response occurring e.g. in acute pancreatitis (AP) and sepsis. Previously, we found aberrations in the phosphorylation of leukocyte signaling proteins in patients with sepsis or AP (measured <48 h from hospital admission) resembling each other and associating with AP severity. Of these patients, those with sepsis or severe AP complicated by persistent organ dysfunction (OD+, n = 17) and patients with moderately severe AP (OD-, n = 6) were followed up in this study by measuring the phosphorylations at two additional time points (2-4 and 5-8 days after the initial sample) using phosphospecific whole blood flow cytometry. Twenty-eighty healthy subjects served as controls (HC). Constitutive STAT3 phosphorylation (pSTAT3) declined in monocytes and neutrophils of OD-/OD + and in lymphocytes of OD + and remained higher in OD- than HC. Monocytes of OD-/OD + showed low pSTAT3 and pSTAT1 levels in response to IL-6 through follow-up. Monocyte pNF-κB levels in response to TNF, LPS and E. coli in OD+, to E. coli in OD-, and lymphocyte pNF-κB levels in response to TNF in OD- increased during follow-up but remained lower than in HC, and neutrophil pNF-κB levels in response to TNF declined in OD-. Phorbol myristate acetate + Ca2+ ionophore-stimulated pERK1/2 decreased in neutrophils of OD-/OD+. To conclude, in patients with moderately severe or severe AP or sepsis, improvement and molecular events contributing to OD can be assessed at the level of blood leukocyte signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Turunen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Kuuliala
- Bacteriology and Immunology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Penttilä
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi-Maija Kaukonen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Mustonen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ville Pettilä
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauli Puolakkainen
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leena Kylänpää
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Krista Kuuliala
- Bacteriology and Immunology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Xie H, Fang M, Lin H, Li P, Chen J, Sun Y, Kang Z. Intermittent high-volume hemofiltration promotes remission in steroid-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Ren Fail 2015; 37:966-73. [PMID: 26329674 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1040698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key part in the etiology and progression of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), we hypothesize that removing pro-inflammatory cytokines with intermittent high-volume hemofiltration (IHVHF) could improve the outcome in INS patients. The purpose of the current study is to examine whether IHVHF promotes remission in steroid-resistant INS. Fifty-one steroid-resistant INS patients were followed up on an open-label basis with prospective evaluations. Thirty-five patients received mycophenolate mofetil (SRD group) and 16 patients received drugs and IHVHF due to volume overload despite of diuretics (SRDF group). The rate of complete remission (CR) was analyzed. We also recruited 30 healthy individuals and 36 steroid-sensitive (SS) INS patients as controls to investigate the correlation of interleukin (IL)-8, IL-10, IL-6 and IL-17 with INS activity. Compared with the patients in the SRD group, the 6-month CR rate was higher (44% vs. 9%, p < 0.001) and time to first CR was significantly shorter (7.3 ± 3.6 vs. 11.1 ± 5.3 months, p = 0.02) in the SRDF group. Serum IL-8 was highest in the SRDF group and reduced by IHVHF clearance. Serum IL-8 was lower during remission than at onset or recurrence of INS, whereas no significant difference was seen in the other cytokines. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that serum IL-8 predicted steroid sensitivity with moderate accuracy (area under the curve = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69-0.87). IHVHF promotes remission in patients with steroid-resistant INS and it may be partly due to serum IL-8 clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xie
- a Graduate School of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China and.,b Division of Nephrology , the First Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Ming Fang
- b Division of Nephrology , the First Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Hongli Lin
- b Division of Nephrology , the First Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Ping Li
- b Division of Nephrology , the First Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Jilin Chen
- b Division of Nephrology , the First Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Yanling Sun
- b Division of Nephrology , the First Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Zhe Kang
- b Division of Nephrology , the First Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to conduct a single-center prospective trial of short-term continuous high-volume hemofiltration (HVHF) in patients with predicted severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). METHODS Patients with acute pancreatitis with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores of greater than 15 on admission between January 2008 and December 2010 were allocated to receive either optimal standard therapy or 72 hours of continuous HVHF on an alternate basis, beginning as soon as possible after admission. Biomarkers and clinical outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS A total of 61 patients received either conventional therapy (n = 29) or HVHF (n = 32). High-volume hemofiltration treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of renal failure (P = 0.013), infected pancreatic necrosis (P = 0.048), length of hospitalization (P = 0.005), mortality (P = 0.033), as well as duration of renal (P < 0.001), respiratory (P = 0.002), and hepatic failure (P = 0.001). Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score and C-reactive protein and interleukin 6 levels were significantly reduced after the start of HVHF on days 1, 3, and 7 (all, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that short-term HVHF may reduce local and systemic complications and mortality in patients with SAP with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score of greater than 15.
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Meriläinen S, Mäkelä J, Jensen HA, Dahlbacka S, Lehtonen S, Karhu T, Herzig KH, Kröger M, Koivukangas V, Koskenkari J, Ohtonen P, Karttunen T, Lehenkari P, Juvonen T. Portal vein cytokines in the early phase of acute experimental oedematous and necrotizing porcine pancreatitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2012; 47:1375-85. [PMID: 22954013 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2012.722675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cytokines initiate and modify systemic inflammatory response in early acute pancreatitis. The aim of this study was to analyze which cytokines are released from the pancreas to portal venous blood in the early phase of acute experimental necrotizing and oedematous pancreatitis and which of those cytokines are correlated with the more severe form of the disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifteen pigs were randomized to develop mild oedematous pancreatitis (n = 5, saline infusion to pancreatic duct), severe necrotizing pancreatitis (n = 5, taurocholic acid infusion) along with a control group (n = 5). Arterial and venous blood samples were drawn and cytokine levels were measured from portal vein blood at 0, 120, 240 and 360 min after the induction of pancreatitis. Tissue samples from the pancreas were harvested at 0 and 360 min. RESULTS White blood cell count increased in necrotizing pancreatitis and the control group. The amount of neutrophils increased (p < 0.001) and the lymphocyte and eosinophil counts decreased in all groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). The monocyte count, as well as PDGF and IL-6 concentrations, increased only in necrotizing pancreatitis. IL-8 and eotaxin increased both in oedematous and necrotizing pancreatitis. MCP-1 increased in all groups. IL-9, IL-4, MIP-1α, IFN- γ concentrations did not change. Eotaxin and MCP-1 plasma levels from a previous series between portal venous and pulmonary arterial blood were not significantly different. CONCLUSIONS The initial inflammatory process was diverse in oedematous and necrotizing pancreatitis. Increased monocyte count in combination with elevated PDGF and IL-6 are characteristic of necrotizing pancreatitis in our model.
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Zhou M, Chen B, Sun H, Deng Z, Andersson R, Zhang Q. The protective effects of Lipoxin A4 during the early phase of severe acute pancreatitis in rats. Scand J Gastroenterol 2011; 46:211-9. [PMID: 20950211 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2010.525715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our aim was to investigate the protective effects of a Lipoxin A(4) analogue (LXA4) in the early phase of acute pancreatitis in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) was induced by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic duct. Rats with SAP were treated with LXA4 (0.1 mg/kg), 10 min after the 5% sodium taurocholate injection, after which LXA4 was administrated every 8 hours, three times (LXA4 group). The sham group was only given the vehicle after operation. Plasma amylase activity, serum levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured at 4, 12, and 24 h after induction of SAP. The pancreatic index and histopathologic observations were evaluated and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and NF-κB p65 in the pancreas, and the expression of ICAM-1 in the lungs were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS LXA4 treated rats had lower serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 at all time points measured (p < 0.05), but significantly differed in plasma amylase activity only at 24 h as compared with the SAP group. The pancreatic index and the scores of pancreatitic histopathologic evaluations were lower in the LXA4 group as compared to the SAP group. Immunohistochemistry showed that LXA4 attenuated the expression of ICAM-1 and NF-κB p65 in the pancreas, as well as the expression of ICAM-1 in the lungs in animals with pancreatitis (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that LXA4 has protective effects in experimental SAP, which may be achieved by inhibiting the NF-κB signalling pathway, thereby reducing the production of proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengtao Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, China
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Catapano G, Klein JB. It's the end of the world as we know it - An era comes to a close. Int J Artif Organs 2009; 32:831-5. [DOI: 10.1177/039139880903201201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Catapano
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, University of Calabria, Rende - Italy
| | - Jon B. Klein
- Kidney Disease Program, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky - USA
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