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Barutta F, Bellini S, Guarrera S, Matullo G, Schalkwijk C, Stehouwer CD, Chaturvedi N, Soedamah-Muthu SS, Durazzo M, Gruden G. Association of serum MicroRNA-145-5p levels with microvascular complications of type 1 Diabetes: The EURODIAB prospective complications study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2022; 190:109987. [PMID: 35820565 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether serum miR-145-5p levels were associated with micro-macrovascular chronic complications in patients with type 1 diabetes (DM1). METHODS A nested case-control study from the EURODIAB Prospective Complications Study was performed. Cases (n = 289) had one or more complications of diabetes, whereas controls (n = 153) did not have any complication. We measured miR-145-5p levels by qPCR and investigated the association with diabetes complications. RESULTS Mean miR-145-5p levels were significantly lower in cases with microangiopathy [2.12 (0.86-4.94)] compared to controls [3.15 (1.21-7.36), P < 0.05] even after adjustment for age, gender, and diabetes duration. In logistic regression analysis, miR-145-5p levels in the lowest tertile were associated with an over three-fold increased odds ratio (OR) of albuminuria [3.22 (1.17-8.81)], independently of both demographic and diabetes-related factors. In addition, mir145-5p levels in the lowest tertile were independently and inversely associated with arterial hypertension [1.96 (1.08-3.56)] and hypertension was the mediator of the relationship between miR-145-5p and albuminuria. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort of DM1 patients, we found an inverse association between miR-145-5p and albuminuria that was mediated by systemic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simonetta Guarrera
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine, IIGM, Candiolo, Italy; Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Matullo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Casper Schalkwijk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Nish Chaturvedi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sabita S Soedamah-Muthu
- Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, the Netherlands; Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Hromadnikova I, Kotlabova K, Krofta L. First-Trimester Screening for Fetal Growth Restriction and Small-for-Gestational-Age Pregnancies without Preeclampsia Using Cardiovascular Disease-Associated MicroRNA Biomarkers. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030718. [PMID: 35327520 PMCID: PMC8945808 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the study was to determine the early diagnostical potential of cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs for prediction of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) without preeclampsia (PE). The whole peripheral venous blood samples were collected within 10 to 13 weeks of gestation from singleton Caucasian pregnancies within the period November 2012 to March 2020. The case-control retrospective study, nested in a cohort, involved all pregnancies diagnosed with SGA (n = 37) or FGR (n = 82) without PE and 80 appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) pregnancies selected with regard to equality of sample storage time. Gene expression of 29 cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs was assessed using real-time RT-PCR. Upregulation of miR-16-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-181a-5p, and miR-195-5p was observed in SGA or FGR pregnancies at 10.0% false positive rate (FPR). Upregulation of miR-1-3p, miR-20b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-130b-3p, and miR-499a-5p was observed in SGA pregnancies only at 10.0% FPR. Upregulation of miR-145-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-574-3p was detected in FGR pregnancies at 10.0% FPR. The combination of four microRNA biomarkers (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-181a-5p) was able to identify 75.68% SGA pregnancies at 10.0% FPR in early stages of gestation. The detection rate of SGA pregnancies without PE increased 4.67-fold (75.68% vs. 16.22%) when compared with the routine first-trimester screening for PE and/or FGR based on the criteria of the Fetal Medicine Foundation. The combination of seven microRNA biomarkers (miR-16-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-145-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-574-3p) was able to identify 42.68% FGR pregnancies at 10.0% FPR in early stages of gestation. The detection rate of FGR pregnancies without PE increased 1.52-fold (42.68% vs. 28.05%) when compared with the routine first-trimester screening for PE and/or FGR based on the criteria of the Fetal Medicine Foundation. Cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs represent promising early biomarkers with very suitable predictive potential for SGA or FGR without PE to be implemented into the routine screening programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-296-511-336
| | - Katerina Kotlabova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
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3
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Cao C, Zhen W, Yu H, Zhang L, Liu Y. lncRNA MALAT1/miR-143 axis is a potential biomarker for in-stent restenosis and is involved in the multiplication of vascular smooth muscle cells. Open Life Sci 2022; 16:1303-1312. [PMID: 35005241 PMCID: PMC8691378 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to observe the potential value and underlying mechanism of the metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1)/miR-143 axis in ISR. A total of 150 participants were enrolled, including 100 patients (observation group) with coronary heart disease who underwent stent implantation in the Department of Cardiology of our hospital between January 2018 and January 2020, and 50 healthy people (control group) concurrently underwent a physical examination. Serum MALAT1 and miR-143 levels were detected by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α; 10 ng/mL) induced human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). MALAT1 increased while miR-143 decreased in the observation group versus the control group (P < 0.001). The non-restenosis group had significantly elevated MALAT1 expression while decreased miR-143 expression than the restenosis group (P < 0.001). The areas under the curves of the expression of MALAT1 and miR-143 in predicting restenosis were 0.917 and 0.881, respectively. Following si-MALAT1 transfection, HVSMC multiplication and invasiveness decreased significantly (P < 0.05). miR-143-inhibitor was observed to upregulate the luciferase activity of MALAT1-WT (P < 0.05). MALAT1 is highly expressed in patients with ISR while miR-143 is decreased, and the MALAT1/miR-143 axis is a potential pathway to modulate the multiplication and invasiveness of HVSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cao
- Interventional Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China
| | - Wei Zhen
- President's Office, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China
| | - Haibin Yu
- Interventional Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China
| | - Yiling Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, China
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4
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Bonacina F, Da Dalt L, Catapano AL, Norata GD. Metabolic adaptations of cells at the vascular-immune interface during atherosclerosis. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 77:100918. [PMID: 33032828 PMCID: PMC7534736 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a physiological cellular adaptation to intracellular and extracellular stimuli that couples to cell polarization and function in multiple cellular subsets. Pathological conditions associated to nutrients overload, such as dyslipidaemia, may disturb cellular metabolic homeostasis and, in turn, affect cellular response and activation, thus contributing to disease progression. At the vascular/immune interface, the site of atherosclerotic plaque development, many of these changes occur. Here, an intimate interaction between endothelial cells (ECs), vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and immune cells, mainly monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes, dictates physiological versus pathological response. Furthermore, atherogenic stimuli trigger metabolic adaptations both at systemic and cellular level that affect the EC layer barrier integrity, VSMC proliferation and migration, monocyte infiltration, macrophage polarization, lymphocyte T and B activation. Rewiring cellular metabolism by repurposing “metabolic drugs” might represent a pharmacological approach to modulate cell activation at the vascular immune interface thus contributing to control the immunometabolic response in the context of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bonacina
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - L Da Dalt
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - A L Catapano
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCSS Multimedica, Milan, Italy.
| | - G D Norata
- Department of Excellence of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; IRCCS, Ospedale Bassini, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy.
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5
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Yuan Y, Liu X, Hao S, He Q, Shen Z. Plasma levels of miR-143 and miR-145 are associated with coronary in-stent restenosis within 1 year of follow-up after drug-eluting stent implantation. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:756. [PMID: 32647681 PMCID: PMC7333105 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background ISR remains the major adverse outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). MicroRNAs have been demonstrated to be associated with coronary plaque and stable in the blood and can be used as biomarkers/predictors. This study aimed to investigate whether circulating microRNAs could predict in-stent restenosis (ISR). Methods MicroRNA array was used to detect differently expressed microRNAs between 30 ISR patients and 30 non-ISR patients in the derivation cohort. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the microRNA array results and to detect levels of target microRNAs in the validation cohort. All patients were followed up for at least 1 year, and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were applied to find factors associated with ISR. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the predictive ability of the microRNA score for ISR. Results MicroRNA array and qRT-PCR showed that miR-143, 145, 425, 208, and let-7g were differently expressed between ISR patients and non-ISR patients. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that lower levels of mir-143 (OR =2.36, 95% CI: 1.43–3.67) and mir-145 (OR =2.12, 95% CI: 1.56–3.48) were associated with ISR. MicroRNA scores differed statistically between ISR patients and non-ISR patients (49.18±2.05 vs. 52.10±2.41, P<0.01) and has predictive ability for ISR with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8206 (95% CI: 0.7155–0.9256, P<0.01). In the validation cohort, Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated that patients with higher microRNA scores have better prognosis in 1 year of follow-up. Conclusions A lower plasma level of mir-143/145 predicts a higher risk of ISR and a worse outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoxian Liu
- ICU of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shengyun Hao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zheng Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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6
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Stratton MS, Farina FM, Elia L. Epigenetics and vascular diseases. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 133:148-163. [PMID: 31211956 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the number one cause of death and disability worldwide despite significant improvements in diagnosis, prevention, and early intervention efforts. There is an urgent need for improved understanding of cardiovascular processes responsible for disease development in order to develop more effective therapeutic strategies. Recent knowledge gleaned from the study of epigenetic mechanisms in the vasculature has uncovered new potential targets for intervention. Herein, we provide an overview of epigenetic mechanism, and review recent findings related to epigenetics in vascular diseases, highlighting classical epigenetic mechanism such as DNA methylation and histone modification as well as the newly discovered non-coding RNA mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Stratton
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America.
| | - Floriana Maria Farina
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, MI, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Leonardo Elia
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 113, 20089 Rozzano, MI, Italy; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Italy.
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7
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Song J, Xie Q, Wang L, Lu Y, Liu P, Yang P, Chen R, Shao C, Qiao C, Wang Z, Yan J. The TIR/BB-loop mimetic AS-1 prevents Ang II-induced hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy via NF-κB dependent downregulation of miRNA-143. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6354. [PMID: 31015570 PMCID: PMC6478826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Untreated pathological cardiac hypertrophy, which can be caused by sustained systemic hypertension, may lead to heart failure. In the present study, we investigated whether AS-1 had attenuating effects on hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy, and whether this process was mediated by the regulation of miRNA-143. To induce the hypertrophic response in vitro, cardiomyocytes were stimulated with Ang II for 24hs. AS-1 administration strongly attenuated Ang II-induced hypertrophic response of cardiomyocytes. Chronical infusion of Ang II via implanted osmotic mini-pump induced increased blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. AS-1 administration attenuated hypertension-induced cardiac hypertrophy by, at least in part, inhibin of MAPK signaling. We observed, for the first time, upregulated expression of miRNA-143 in Ang II-induced cardiomyocytes, and inhibition of miRNA-143 significantly reduced the Ang II-induced hypertrophic responses. Importantly, AS-1 administration diminished the Ang II-induced upregulation of miRNA-143. Overexpression of miRNA-143 abolished the attenuating effects of AS-1 on Ang II-induced hypertrophic response of cardiomyocytes. Additionally, AS-1 administration abrogates Ang II-induced nuclear translocation of p50 NF-κB subunit in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. Application of NF-κB inhibitor significantly suppressed Ang II-induced upregulation of miRNA-143. Our data suggest a novel mechanism by which AS-1 attenuates Ang II-induced hypertrophic response through downregulation miRNA-143 expression in a NF-κB-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Song
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China
| | - Qifei Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China
| | - Peijing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China
| | - Chen Qiao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China
| | - Jinchuan Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, 212001, P.R. China.
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8
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Pulakazhi Venu VK, Saifeddine M, Mihara K, El-Daly M, Belke D, Dean JLE, O'Brien ER, Hirota SA, Hollenberg MD. Heat shock protein-27 and sex-selective regulation of muscarinic and proteinase-activated receptor 2-mediated vasodilatation: differential sensitivity to endothelial NOS inhibition. Br J Pharmacol 2018. [PMID: 29532457 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Previously, we demonstrated that exogenous heat shock protein 27 (HSP27/gene, HSPB1) treatment of human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) increases the synthesis and secretion of VEGF, improves EPC-migration/re-endothelialization and decreases neo-intima formation, suggesting a role for HSPB1 in regulating EPC function. We hypothesized that HSPB1 also affects mature endothelial cells (ECs) to alter EC-mediated vasoreactivity in vivo. Our work focused on endothelial NOS (eNOS)/NO-dependent relaxation induced by ACh and the coagulation pathway-activated receptor, proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Aorta rings from male and female wild-type, HSPB1-null and HSPB1 overexpressing (HSPB1o/e) mice were contracted with phenylephrine, and NOS-dependent relaxation responses to ACh and PAR2 agonist, 2-furoyl-LIGRLO-NH2 , were measured without and with L-NAME and ODQ, either alone or in combination to block NO synthesis/action. Tissues from female HSPB1-null mice were treated in vitro with recombinant HSP27 and then used for bioassay as above. Furthermore, oestrogen-specific effects were evaluated using a bioassay of aorta isolated from ovariectomized mice. KEY RESULTS Relative to males, HSPB1-null female mice exhibited an increased L-NAME-resistant relaxation induced by activation of either PAR2 or muscarinic ACh receptors that was blocked in the concurrent presence of both L-NAME and ODQ. mRNAs (qPCR) for eNOS and ODQ-sensitive guanylyl-cyclase were increased in females versus males. Treatment of isolated aorta tissue with HSPB1 improved tissue responsiveness in the presence of L-NAME. Ovariectomy did not affect NO sensitivity, supporting an oestrogen-independent role for HSPB1. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS HSPB1 can regulate intact vascular endothelial function to affect NO-mediated vascular relaxation, especially in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Krishna Pulakazhi Venu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Saifeddine
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Koichiro Mihara
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mahmoud El-Daly
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Darrell Belke
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jonathan L E Dean
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Edward R O'Brien
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Morley D Hollenberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Inflammation Research Network-Snyder Institute for Chronic Disease, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Nanoudis S, Pikilidou M, Yavropoulou M, Zebekakis P. The Role of MicroRNAs in Arterial Stiffness and Arterial Calcification. An Update and Review of the Literature. Front Genet 2017; 8:209. [PMID: 29312437 PMCID: PMC5733083 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, such as systolic hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, and heart failure. Moreover it reflects arterial aging which in many cases does not coincide with chronological aging, a fact that is in large attributed to genetic factors. In addition to genetic factors, microRNAs (miRNAs) seem to largely affect arterial aging either by advancing or by regressing arterial stiffness. MiRNAs are small RNA molecules, ~22 nucleotides long that can negatively control their target gene expression posttranscriptionally. Pathways that affect main components of stiffness such as fibrosis and calcification seem to be influenced by up or downregulation of specific miRNAs. Identification of this aberrant production of miRNAs can help identify epigenetic changes that can be therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment of vascular diseases. The present review summarizes the specific role of the so far discovered miRNAs that are involved in pathways of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sideris Nanoudis
- Hypertension Excellence Center, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Pikilidou
- Hypertension Excellence Center, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Yavropoulou
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pantelis Zebekakis
- Hypertension Excellence Center, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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10
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MicroRNAs in the skin: role in development, homoeostasis and regeneration. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:1923-1940. [PMID: 28705953 DOI: 10.1042/cs20170039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the integumentary system and possesses a vast number of functions. Due to the distinct layers of the skin and the variety of cells which populate each, a tightly regulated network of molecular signals control development and regeneration, whether due to programmed cell termination or injury. MicroRNAs (miRs) are a relatively recent discovery; they are a class of small non-coding RNAs which possess a multitude of biological functions due to their ability to regulate gene expression via post-transcriptional gene silencing. Of interest, is that a plethora of data demonstrates that a number of miRs are highly expressed within the skin, and are evidently key regulators of numerous vital processes to maintain non-aberrant functioning. Recently, miRs have been targeted as therapeutic interventions due to the ability of synthetic 'antagomiRs' to down-regulate abnormal miR expression, thereby potentiating wound healing and attenuating fibrotic processes which can contribute to disease such as systemic sclerosis (SSc). This review will provide an introduction to the structure and function of the skin and miR biogenesis, before summarizing the literature pertaining to the role of miRs. Finally, miR therapies will also be discussed, highlighting important future areas of research.
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11
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Elia L, Quintavalle M. Epigenetics and Vascular Diseases: Influence of Non-coding RNAs and Their Clinical Implications. Front Cardiovasc Med 2017; 4:26. [PMID: 28497038 PMCID: PMC5406412 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2017.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to heritable mechanisms able to modulate gene expression that do not involve alteration of the genomic DNA sequence. Classically, mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modifications were part of this classification. Today, this field of study has been expanded and includes also the large class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Indeed, with the extraordinary possibilities introduced by the next-generation sequencing approaches, our knowledge of the mammalian transcriptome has greatly improved. Today, we have identifying thousands of ncRNAs, and unsurprisingly, a direct association between ncRNA dysregulation and development of cardiovascular pathologies has been identified. This class of gene modulators is further divided into short-ncRNAs and long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Among the short-ncRNA sub-group, the best-characterized players are represented by highly conserved RNAs named microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs principally inhibit gene expression, and their involvement in cardiovascular diseases has been largely studied. On the other hand, due to the different roles played by lncRNAs, their involvement in cardiovascular pathology development is still limited, and further studies are needed. For instance, in order to define their roles in the cellular processes associated with the development of diseases, we need to better characterize the details of their mechanisms of action; only then might we be able to develop innovative therapeutic strategies. In this review, we would like to give an overview of the current knowledge on the function of ncRNAs and their involvement in the development of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Elia
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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12
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Kim SK, Massett MP. Genetic Regulation of Endothelial Vasomotor Function. Front Physiol 2016; 7:571. [PMID: 27932996 PMCID: PMC5122706 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelium plays an important role in the regulation of vasomotor tone and the maintenance of vascular integrity. Endothelial dysfunction, i.e., impaired endothelial dependent dilation, is a fundamental component of the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Although endothelial dysfunction is associated with a number of cardiovascular disease risk factors, those risk factors are not the only determinants of endothelial dysfunction. Despite knowing many molecules involved in endothelial signaling pathways, the genetic contribution to endothelial function has yet to be fully elucidated. This mini-review summarizes current evidence supporting the genetic contribution to endothelial vasomotor function. Findings from population-based studies, association studies for candidate genes, and unbiased large genomic scale studies in humans and rodent models are discussed. A brief synopsis of the current studies addressing the genetic regulation of endothelial responses to exercise training is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Kyum Kim
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, USA
- Tufts Medical Center, Molecular Cardiology Research InstituteBoston, MA, USA
| | - Michael P. Massett
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station, TX, USA
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13
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Li H, Zhu H, Ge J. Long Noncoding RNA: Recent Updates in Atherosclerosis. Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:898-910. [PMID: 27314829 PMCID: PMC4910607 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.14430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs belong to a class of noncoding RNAs longer than 200 nucleotides with the epigenetic regulation potential. As a novel molecular regulator, lncRNAs are often dysregulated in various pathological conditions and display multiple functions in a wide range of biological processes. Given that recent studies have indicated that lncRNAs are involved in atherosclerosis-related smooth muscle cell, endothelial cell, macrophage and lipid metabolism regulation, it is pertinent to understand the potential function of lncRNAs in atherosclerosis development. This review will highlight the recent updates of lncRNAs in atherogenesis and also discuss their potential roles as novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- 1. Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Hongming Zhu
- 2. Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy & Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- 1. Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.; 3. Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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14
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Brozovich FV, Nicholson CJ, Degen CV, Gao YZ, Aggarwal M, Morgan KG. Mechanisms of Vascular Smooth Muscle Contraction and the Basis for Pharmacologic Treatment of Smooth Muscle Disorders. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 68:476-532. [PMID: 27037223 PMCID: PMC4819215 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.010652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The smooth muscle cell directly drives the contraction of the vascular wall and hence regulates the size of the blood vessel lumen. We review here the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which agonists, therapeutics, and diseases regulate contractility of the vascular smooth muscle cell and we place this within the context of whole body function. We also discuss the implications for personalized medicine and highlight specific potential target molecules that may provide opportunities for the future development of new therapeutics to regulate vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- F V Brozovich
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - C J Nicholson
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - C V Degen
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - Yuan Z Gao
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - M Aggarwal
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
| | - K G Morgan
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (C.J.N., Y.Z.G., M.A., K.G.M.); Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (F.V.B.); and Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria (C.V.D.)
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15
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Nassirpour R, Raj D, Townsend R, Argyropoulos C. MicroRNA biomarkers in clinical renal disease: from diabetic nephropathy renal transplantation and beyond. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 98:73-88. [PMID: 26925770 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a common health problem affecting 1 in 12 Americans. It is associated with elevated risks of mortality, cardiovascular disease, and high costs for the treatment of renal failure with dialysis or transplantation. Advances in CKD care are impeded by the lack of biomarkers for early diagnosis, assessment of the extent of tissue injury, estimation of disease progression, and evaluation of response to therapy. Such biomarkers should improve the performance of existing measures of renal functional impairment (estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR) or kidney damage (proteinuria). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) a class of small, non-coding RNAs that act as post-transcriptional repressors are gaining momentum as biomarkers in a number of disease areas. In this review, we examine the potential utility of miRNAs as promising biomarkers for renal disease. We explore the performance of miRNAs as biomarkers in two clinically important forms of CKD, diabetes and the nephropathy developing in kidney transplant recipients. Finally, we highlight the pitfalls and opportunities of miRNAs and provide a broad perspective for the future clinical development of miRNAs as biomarkers in CKD beyond the current gold standards of eGFR and albuminuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rounak Nassirpour
- Drug Safety, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Andover, MA, USA
| | - Dominic Raj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Renal Disease and Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Raymond Townsend
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Gore-Panter SR, Hsu J, Barnard J, Moravec CS, Van Wagoner DR, Chung MK, Smith JD. PANCR, the PITX2 Adjacent Noncoding RNA, Is Expressed in Human Left Atria and Regulates PITX2c Expression. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2016; 9:e003197. [PMID: 26783232 PMCID: PMC4719779 DOI: 10.1161/circep.115.003197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide studies reveal that genetic variants at chromosome 4q25 constitute the strongest locus associated with atrial fibrillation, the most frequent arrhythmia. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are unknown. Our goal is to find and characterize left atrial-expressed transcripts in the chromosome 4q25 atrial fibrillation risk locus that may play a role in atrial fibrillation pathogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS RNA sequencing performed on human left/right pairs identified an intergenic long noncoding RNA adjacent to the PITX2 gene, which we have named PANCR (PITX2 adjacent noncoding RNA). In a human tissue screen, PANCR was expressed specifically in the left atria and eye and in no other chambers of the heart. The levels of PANCR and PITX2c RNAs were highly correlated in 233 human left atrial appendage samples. PANCR levels were not associated with either atrial rhythm status or the genotypes of the chromosome 4q25 atrial fibrillation risk variants. Both PANCR and PITX2c RNAs were induced early during differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes. Because long noncoding RNAs often control gene expression, we performed siRNA-mediated knockdown of PANCR, and this treatment repressed PITX2c expression and mimicked the effects of PITX2c knockdown on global mRNA and miRNA expression. Cell fractionation studies demonstrate that PANCR is primarily localized in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS PANCR and PITX2c are coordinately expressed early during cardiomyocyte differentiation from stem cells. PANCR knockdown decreased PITX2c expression in differentiated cardiomyocytes, altering the transcriptome in a manner similar to PITX2c knockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamone R Gore-Panter
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C.), Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., J.H., J.D.S.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.B.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C., J.D.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Jeffrey Hsu
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C.), Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., J.H., J.D.S.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.B.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C., J.D.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - John Barnard
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C.), Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., J.H., J.D.S.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.B.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C., J.D.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Christine S Moravec
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C.), Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., J.H., J.D.S.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.B.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C., J.D.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - David R Van Wagoner
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C.), Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., J.H., J.D.S.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.B.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C., J.D.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Mina K Chung
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C.), Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., J.H., J.D.S.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.B.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C., J.D.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | - Jonathan D Smith
- From the Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C.), Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute (S.R.G.-P., J.H., J.D.S.), Department of Quantitative Health Sciences (J.B.), and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (C.S.M., D.R.V.W., M.K.C., J.D.S.), Cleveland Clinic, OH.
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Hromadnikova I, Kotlabova K, Hympanova L, Krofta L. Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Associated microRNAs Are Dysregulated in Placental Tissues Affected with Gestational Hypertension, Preeclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138383. [PMID: 26394310 PMCID: PMC4579085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To demonstrate that pregnancy-related complications are associated with alterations in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular microRNA expression. Gene expression of 32 microRNAs (miR-1-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-20b-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-24-3p, miR-26a-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-33a-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-100-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-122-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-130b-3p, miR-133a-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-145-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-208a-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-221-3p, miR-342-3p, miR-499a-5p, and miR-574-3p) was assessed in placental tissues, compared between groups (35 gestational hypertension, 80 preeclampsia, 35 intrauterine growth restriction and 20 normal pregnancies) and correlated with the severity of the disease with respect to clinical signs, delivery date, and Doppler ultrasound parameters. Initially, selection and validation of endogenous controls for microRNA expression studies in placental tissues affected by pregnancy-related complications have been carried out. Results The expression profile of microRNAs was different between pregnancy-related complications and controls. The up-regulation of miR-499a-5p was a common phenomenon shared between gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction. Preeclamptic pregnancies delivering after 34 weeks of gestation and IUGR with abnormal values of flow rate in the umbilical artery demonstrated up-regulation of miR-1-3b. Preeclampsia and IUGR requiring termination of gestation before 34 weeks of gestation were associated with down-regulation of miR-26a-5p, miR-103a-3p and miR-145-5p. On the other hand, some of microRNAs (miR-16-5p, miR-100-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-125b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-143-3p, miR-195-5p, miR-199a-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-342-3p, and miR-574-3p) were only down-regulated or showed a trend to down-regulation just in intrauterine growth restriction pregnancies requiring the delivery before 34 weeks of gestation. Conclusion Epigenetic changes induced by pregnancy-related complications in placental tissue may cause later onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Katerina Kotlabova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Hympanova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Shyu KG, Cheng WP, Wang BW. Angiotensin II Downregulates MicroRNA-145 to Regulate Kruppel-like Factor 4 and Myocardin Expression in Human Coronary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells under High Glucose Conditions. Mol Med 2015; 21:616-25. [PMID: 26181633 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2015.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-145 is the most abundant miR in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, the effect of hyperglycemia on the regulation of miR-145 is unknown. We hypothesized that the hyperglycemic condition activates a proinflammatory response that mediates the expression of miR-145 in VSMCs. We investigated whether miR-145 serves as a critical regulator to regulate the downstream proliferation factors (including Kruppel-like factor 4 [Klf4] and myocardin) in VSMCs under hyperglycemic conditions. Human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMCs) were cultured under high glucose conditions. Sustained high glucose at 25 mmol/L significantly decreased the expression of miR-145 in HCASMCs. High glucose significantly increased angiotensin II (Ang II) secretion from HCASMCs and Ang II suppressed miR-145 expression in HCASMCs. Ang II repression of miR145 expression resulted in increased Klf4 and decreased myocardin expression under conditions of high glucose. Overexpression of miR-145 significantly decreased Klf4 and increased myocardin expression and inhibited HCASMC proliferation and migration induced by a high glucose state. Balloon injury of the carotid artery in diabetic rats was performed to investigate miR-145, Klf and myocardin expression. The expression of miR-145 was maximally increased at 7 d after carotid injury and gradually declined thereafter. Overexpression of miR-145 and treatment with valsartan reversed Klf4 and myocardin protein expression induced by balloon injury and improved vascular injury. In conclusion, our study reveals that Ang II downregulates miR-145 to regulate Klf4 and myocardin expression in HCASMCs under high glucose conditions. Ang II plays a critical role in the regulation of miR-145 under hyperglycemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou-Gi Shyu
- Division of Cardiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ping Cheng
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bao-Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in the onset and development of many cardiovascular diseases. Increasing evidence shows that miRNAs can be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases, and miRNA-based therapy may be a promising therapy for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The microRNA-143/-145 (miR-143/-145) cluster is essential for differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and determines VSMC phenotypic switching. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in knowledge concerning the function of miR-143/-145 in the cardiovascular system and their role in cardiovascular diseases. We discuss the potential role of miR-143/-145 as valuable biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases and explore the potential strategy of targeting miR-143 and miR-145.
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Climent M, Quintavalle M, Miragoli M, Chen J, Condorelli G, Elia L. TGFβ Triggers miR-143/145 Transfer From Smooth Muscle Cells to Endothelial Cells, Thereby Modulating Vessel Stabilization. Circ Res 2015; 116:1753-64. [PMID: 25801897 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.305178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The miR-143/145 cluster is highly expressed in smooth muscle cells (SMCs), where it regulates phenotypic switch and vascular homeostasis. Whether it plays a role in neighboring endothelial cells (ECs) is still unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine whether SMCs control EC functions through passage of miR-143 and miR-145. METHODS AND RESULTS We used cocultures of SMCs and ECs under different conditions, as well as intact vessels to assess the transfer of miR-143 and miR-145 from one cell type to another. Imaging of cocultured cells transduced with fluorescent miRNAs suggested that miRNA transfer involves membrane protrusions known as tunneling nanotubes. Furthermore, we show that miRNA passage is modulated by the transforming growth factor (TGF) β pathway because both a specific transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) inhibitor (SB431542) and an shRNA against TGFβRII suppressed the passage of miR-143/145 from SMCs to ECs. Moreover, miR-143 and miR-145 modulated angiogenesis by reducing the proliferation index of ECs and their capacity to form vessel-like structures when cultured on matrigel. We also identified hexokinase II (HKII) and integrin β 8 (ITGβ8)-2 genes essential for the angiogenic potential of ECs-as targets of miR-143 and miR-145, respectively. The inhibition of these genes modulated EC phenotype, similarly to miR-143 and miR-145 overexpression in ECs. These findings were confirmed by ex vivo and in vivo approaches, in which it was shown that TGFβ and vessel stress, respectively, triggered miR-143/145 transfer from SMCs to ECs. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that miR-143 and miR-145 act as communication molecules between SMCs and ECs to modulate the angiogenic and vessel stabilization properties of ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Climent
- From IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy (M.C.); Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (MI), Italy (M.Q., M.M., G.C., L.E.); Milan Unit of the Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C., L.E.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Milan, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research (CERT), University of Parma, Parma, Italy (M.M.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (J.C.)
| | - Manuela Quintavalle
- From IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy (M.C.); Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (MI), Italy (M.Q., M.M., G.C., L.E.); Milan Unit of the Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C., L.E.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Milan, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research (CERT), University of Parma, Parma, Italy (M.M.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (J.C.)
| | - Michele Miragoli
- From IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy (M.C.); Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (MI), Italy (M.Q., M.M., G.C., L.E.); Milan Unit of the Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C., L.E.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Milan, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research (CERT), University of Parma, Parma, Italy (M.M.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (J.C.)
| | - Ju Chen
- From IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy (M.C.); Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (MI), Italy (M.Q., M.M., G.C., L.E.); Milan Unit of the Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C., L.E.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Milan, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research (CERT), University of Parma, Parma, Italy (M.M.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (J.C.)
| | - Gianluigi Condorelli
- From IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy (M.C.); Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (MI), Italy (M.Q., M.M., G.C., L.E.); Milan Unit of the Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C., L.E.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Milan, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research (CERT), University of Parma, Parma, Italy (M.M.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (J.C.).
| | - Leonardo Elia
- From IRCCS MultiMedica, Milan, Italy (M.C.); Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano (MI), Italy (M.Q., M.M., G.C., L.E.); Milan Unit of the Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C., L.E.); Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Milan, Rozzano (MI), Italy (G.C.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Center of Excellence for Toxicological Research (CERT), University of Parma, Parma, Italy (M.M.); and Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego (J.C.).
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Sala F, Aranda JF, Rotllan N, Ramírez CM, Aryal B, Elia L, Condorelli G, Catapano AL, Fernández-Hernando C, Norata GD. MiR-143/145 deficiency attenuates the progression of atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/-mice. Thromb Haemost 2014; 112:796-802. [PMID: 25008143 PMCID: PMC4180777 DOI: 10.1160/th13-11-0905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The miR-143/145 cluster regulates VSMC specific gene expression, thus controlling differentiation, plasticity and contractile function, and promoting the VSMC phenotypic switch from a contractile/non-proliferative to a migrating/proliferative state. More recently increased miR-145 expression was observed in human carotid atherosclerotic plaques from symptomatic patients. The goal of this study was to investigate the contribution of miR-143/145 during atherogenesis by generating mice lacking miR-143/145 on an Ldlr-deficient background. Ldlr-/- and Ldlr-/--miR-143/145-/- (DKO) were fed a Western diet (WD) for 16 weeks. At the end of the treatment, the lipid profile and the atherosclerotic lesions were assessed in both groups of mice. Absence of miR-143/145 significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaque size and macrophage infiltration. Plasma total cholesterol levels were lower in DKO and FLPC analysis showed decreased cholesterol content in VLDL and LDL fractions. Interestingly miR-143/145 deficiency per se resulted in increased hepatic and vascular ABCA1 expression. We further confirmed the direct regulation of miR-145 on ABCA1 expression by qRT-PCR, Western blotting and 3'UTR-luciferase reporter assays. In summary, miR-143/145 deficiency significantly reduces atherosclerosis in mice. Therapeutic inhibition of miR-145 might be useful for treating atherosclerotic vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Carlos Fernández-Hernando, Yale University School of Medicine, 522 10 Amistad Street, Amistad Research Building, Room 337c, New Haven, CT 06510, USA, Tel.: +1 203 737 4615, Fax: +1 203 737 2290, E-mail:
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Giuseppe Danilo Norata, Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy, Tel.: +39 02 50318313, Fax: +39 02 50318386, E-mail:
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Abstract
Physiological and pathological roles for small non-encoding miRNAs (microRNAs) in the cardiovascular system have recently emerged and are now widely studied. The discovery of widespread functions of miRNAs has increased the complexity of gene-regulatory processes and networks in both the cardiovascular system and cardiovascular diseases. Indeed, it has recently been shown that miRNAs are implicated in the regulation of many of the steps leading to the development of cardiovascular disease. These findings represent novel aspects in miRNA biology and, therefore, our understanding of the role of these miRNAs during the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is critical for the development of novel therapies and diagnostic interventions. The present review will focus on understanding how miRNAs are involved in the onset and development of cardiovascular diseases.
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Regulation of vascular function on posttranscriptional level. THROMBOSIS 2013; 2013:948765. [PMID: 24288605 PMCID: PMC3833109 DOI: 10.1155/2013/948765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Posttranscriptional control of gene expression is crucial for regulating plurality of proteins and functional plasticity of the proteome under (patho)physiologic conditions. Alternative splicing as well as micro (mi)RNA-mediated mechanisms play an important role for the regulation of protein expression on posttranscriptional level. Both alternative splicing and miRNAs were shown to influence cardiovascular functions, such as endothelial thrombogenicity and the vascular tone, by regulating the expression of several vascular proteins and their isoforms, such as Tissue Factor (TF) or the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). This review will summarize and discuss the latest findings on the (patho)physiologic role of alternative splicing processes as well as of miRNAs on modulation of vascular functions, such as coagulation, thrombosis, and regulation of the vascular tone.
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MicroRNA-143 downregulates interleukin-13 receptor alpha1 in human mast cells. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:16958-69. [PMID: 23965966 PMCID: PMC3759945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140816958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-143 (miR-143) was found to be downregulated in allergic rhinitis, and bioinformatics analysis predicted that IL-13Rα1 was a target gene of miR-143. To understand the molecular mechanisms of miR-143 involved in the pathogenesis of allergic inflammation, recombinant miR-143 plasmid vectors were constructed, and human mast cell-1(HMC-1) cells which play a central role in the allergic response were used for study. The plasmids were transfected into HMC-1 cells using a lentiviral vector. Expression of IL-13Rα1 mRNA was then detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western Blotting. The miR-143 lentiviral vector was successfully stably transfected in HMC-1 cells for target gene expression. Compared to the control, the target gene IL-13Rα1 was less expressed in HMC-1 transfected with miR-143 as determined by RT-PCR and Western Blotting (p < 0.05); this difference in expression was statistically significant and the inhibition efficiency was 71%. It indicates that miR-143 directly targets IL-13Rα1 and suppresses IL-13Rα1 expression in HMC-1 cells. Therefore, miR-143 may be associated with allergic reaction in human mast cells.
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Kujiraoka T, Satoh Y, Ayaori M, Shiraishi Y, Arai-Nakaya Y, Hakuno D, Yada H, Kuwada N, Endo S, Isoda K, Adachi T. Hepatic extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress and protects from oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2:e000361. [PMID: 23954796 PMCID: PMC3828781 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Insulin signaling comprises 2 major cascades: the insulin receptor substrate/phosphatidylinositol 3′‐kinase/protein kinase B and Ras/Raf/mitogen‐activated protein kinase/kinase/ERK pathways. While many studies on the tissue‐specific effects of the insulin receptor substrate/phosphatidylinositol 3′ ‐kinase/protein kinase B pathway have been conducted, the role of the other cascade in tissue‐specific insulin resistance has not been investigated. High glucose/fatty acid toxicity, inflammation, and oxidative stress, all of which are associated with insulin resistance, can activate ERK. The liver plays a central role in metabolism, and hepatosteatosis is associated with vascular diseases. The aim of study was to elucidate the role of hepatic ERK2 in hepatosteatosis, metabolic remodeling, and endothelial dysfunction. Methods and Results We created liver‐specific ERK2 knockout mice and fed them with a high‐fat/high‐sucrose diet for 20 weeks. The high‐fat/high‐sucrose diet–fed liver‐specific ERK2 knockout mice exhibited a marked deterioration in hepatosteatosis and metabolic remodeling represented by impairment of glucose tolerance and decreased insulin sensitivity without changes in body weight, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol/triglyceride levels. In the mice, endoplasmic reticulum stress was induced together with decreased mRNA and protein expressions of hepatic sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‐ATPase 2. In a hepatoma cell line, inhibition of ERK activation– induced endoplasmic reticulum stress only in the presence of palmitate. Vascular reactive oxygen species were elevated with upregulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase1 (Nox1) and Nox4 and decreased phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, which resulted in the remarkable endothelial dysfunction in high‐fat/high‐sucrose diet–fed liver‐specific ERK2 knockout mice. Conclusions Hepatic ERK2 suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress and hepatosteatosis in vivo, which results in protection from vascular oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. These findings demonstrate a novel role of hepatic ERK2 in obese‐induced insulin resistance in the protection from hepatovascular metabolic remodeling and vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiko Kujiraoka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Sayama, Japan
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Norata GD, Sala F, Catapano AL, Fernández-Hernando C. MicroRNAs and lipoproteins: a connection beyond atherosclerosis? Atherosclerosis 2012; 227:209-15. [PMID: 23260873 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2012.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs involved in the regulation of gene expression at the post-transcriptional level that have been involved in the pathogenesis of a number of cardiovascular diseases. Several miRNAs have been described to finely regulate lipid metabolism and the progression and regression of atherosclerosis including, miR-33, miR-122. Of note miR-33a and -33b, represent one of the most interesting and attractive targets for metabolic-related disorders and anti-miR-33 approaches are under intensive investigation. More recently miRNAs were shown to exert their activities in a paracrine manner and also systemically. The latter is possible because lipid-carriers, including lipoproteins, transport and protect miRNAs from degradation in the circulation. This review will present the complex mechanism by which miRNAs regulate lipid metabolism, illustrate how their therapeutical modulation may lead to new treatments for cardiometabolic diseases, and discuss how lipoproteins and other lipid-carriers transport miRNAs in the circulation. The emerging strong connection between miRNAs, lipoproteins and lipid metabolism indicates the existence of a reciprocal modulation that might go beyond atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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