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Licata F, Maruca R, Citrino EA, Bianco A. Building a healthy lifestyle: the role of emotional intelligence among Italian university students. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17682. [PMID: 37848471 PMCID: PMC10582115 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44141-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the numerous evidence demonstrating the influence of emotions in engaging risky behaviors, it seems inevitable to consider new approaches that promote healthy lifestyles. This study examines the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and unhealthy lifestyles among undergraduate university students in Southern Italy, since a correlation between EI and harmful health behaviors has been postulated. The present cross-sectional study was conducted among over 18-year-old university students using an online, anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. Socio-demographic characteristics, tobacco use, nicotine dependence, alcohol consumption, and skipping breakfast were investigated. Nearly a third of the sample were current smokers (30.9%). Problematic drinking was shown in 9.9% of the students. Almost one-fourth (23.1%) reported breakfast skipping ≥ 3 days a week. Emotional clarity and total EI scores were significantly lower in current smokers with moderate/high nicotine dependence. Problematic drinking revealed lower emotional clarity and total EI scores. Breakfast skippers showed lower emotional attention and total EI scores. The interconnectedness of unhealthy behaviors and the potential for one behavior to lead to or predict another were also shown. The study findings provide useful insights to develop evidence-based strategies to empower the young adults to choose a health-promoting lifestyle. The figures suggest that emotional learning interventions could support this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Licata
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Riccardo Maruca
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Emma Antonia Citrino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Aida Bianco
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro "Magna Græcia", Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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Fernandes M, Jonauskaite D, Tomas F, Laurent E, Mohr C. Individual differences in self-reported lie detection abilities. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285124. [PMID: 37224102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous literature on lie detection abilities bears an interesting paradox. On the group level, people detect others' lies at guessing level. However, when asked to evaluate their own abilities, people report being able to detect lies (i.e., self-reported lie detection). Understanding this paradox is important because decisions which rely on credibility assessment and deception detection can have serious implications (e.g., trust in others, legal issues). In two online studies, we tested whether individual differences account for variance in self-reported lie detection abilities. We assessed personality traits (Big-Six personality traits, Dark Triad), empathy, emotional intelligence, cultural values, trust level, social desirability, and belief in one's own lie detection abilities. In both studies, mean self-reported lie detection abilities were above chance level. Then, lower out-group trust and higher social desirability levels predicted higher self-reported lie detection abilities. These results suggest that social trust and norms shape our beliefs about our own lie detection abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Fernandes
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Domicele Jonauskaite
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Frédéric Tomas
- Center for Cognition and Communication, University of Tilburg, Tilburg, Netherlands
| | - Eric Laurent
- Department of Psychology, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France
| | - Christine Mohr
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Shainy MR, Tamarana R. The Taos and Trait Meta-mood on Transpersonal Gratitude: Tracing Their Influences. PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES 2023; 68:247-255. [PMID: 36844984 PMCID: PMC9943044 DOI: 10.1007/s12646-023-00716-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The mainstream empirical research has always viewed gratitude in its triadic form involving a typical human giver, gift, and receiver. But it is not the same in the case of transpersonal gratitude. Instead, it is directed towards abstract entities beyond self like God, their own state of being, or the cosmos. The previous literature had affirmed that a selfless attitude and better mood could determine overall gratitude. But this relation is not mainly known in the context of this newer form of gratitude. Indian young adults (N = 456) completed scales on transpersonal gratitude, trait meta-mood, and ego-grasping orientation-a Taoist concept. The preliminary analysis revealed that the selfless nature was unrelated to transpersonal gratitude. Subsequently, the predictive effect of trait meta-mood on transpersonal gratitude is quantified. The findings explain the distinguishable features of the young adults' populace and positive transpersonal experiences. The need to identify groups, cultural differences, and the utility of interventions on transpersonal gratitude in the future gratitude research is emphasised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munna R. Shainy
- Department of Psychology, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Bengaluru, 560076 India
| | - Rameshbabu Tamarana
- Department of Psychology, CHRIST (Deemed to be) University, Bengaluru, 560076 India
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Li JL, Liu CZ, Zhang N, Yan CQ, Tu JF, Wang LQ, Qi YS, Liu JH, Wang X. Neurological and psychological mechanisms of the specific and nonspecific effects of acupuncture on knee osteoarthritis: study protocol for a randomized, controlled, crossover trial. Trials 2020; 21:989. [PMID: 33256796 PMCID: PMC7706223 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acupuncture, as one of the promising non-pharmacological interventions, has been proved to be beneficial for patients. However, the magnitude of acupuncture’s specific and nonspecific effects, as well as their neurological and psychological determinants, remains unclear. Therefore, this study is designed to examine the acupuncture efficacy, investigate whether the brain mechanisms between the specific and nonspecific effects of acupuncture are different, and to evaluate how psychological factors affect the acupuncture effects. Methods This is a randomized, controlled, crossover clinical trial. A total of 60 patients with knee osteoarthritis will receive 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment and 4 weeks of sham acupuncture treatment in a random order separated by a washout period of 2 weeks. The changes in clinical characteristics based on pain-related scales will be assessed to investigate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans will be used to identify the brain activity changes related to the specific and nonspecific effects of acupuncture. The questionnaires of psychological factors will be used to evaluate patients’ psychological properties. Correlation and mediation analyses will be conducted among psychological factors, brain activity changes, and symptoms improvement to explore the neurological and psychological correlates of the acupuncture effects. Discussion This study will concentrate on distinguishing and clarifying the specific and nonspecific effects of acupuncture. The results of this study may contribute to rationally optimize the acupuncture therapies by flexible application of the specific and nonspecific effects of acupuncture. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900025807. Registered on 9 September 2019 Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-020-04908-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ling Li
- Acupuncture Research Center, School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Cun-Zhi Liu
- Acupuncture Research Center, School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Acupuncture Research Center, School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chao-Qun Yan
- Acupuncture Research Center, School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jian-Feng Tu
- Acupuncture Research Center, School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Li-Qiong Wang
- Acupuncture Research Center, School of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - You-Sheng Qi
- Nanyuan Community Health Service Center, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100076, China
| | - Jun-Hong Liu
- Nanyuan Community Health Service Center, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100076, China
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Cano-García L, Mena-Vázquez N, Manrique Arija S, Hernández-Sánchez MD, Segura-Ruiz R, Domínguez-Quesada C, Fernández-Nebro A. Psychological factors associated with sleep disorders in patients with axial spondyloarthritis or psoriatic arthritis: A multicenter cross-sectional observational study. J Clin Nurs 2020; 30:266-275. [PMID: 33113279 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in axial spondyloarthritis (AxSp) have shown that intensity of pain, anxiety, depression and inflammatory activity are associated with poor sleep quality. AIM To describe mood and sleep disorders and positive psychological factors in patients with AxSp and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and to evaluate the psychological factors that are potentially involved in sleep disorders. DESIGN Multicenter cross-sectional observational study based on a series of patients with AxSp and PsA. PARTICIPANTS Participants were selected consecutively from patients aged ≥18 years with AxSp or PsA followed at the rheumatology department of 4 Spanish hospitals. INCLUSION CRITERIA age ≥18 years, AxSp (ASAS criteria) or PsA (CASPAR criteria), ability to understand the study and prepared to complete the questionnaires. METHODS Main outcomes: Oviedo Sleep Quality questionnaire result. SECONDARY OUTCOMES psychological status evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire, health-related quality of life evaluated using SF-36, perception of pain evaluated using the short questionnaire for assessment of pain (BDU) and fatigue evaluated using the Fatigue Scale (FACIT) questionnaire. We performed a descriptive multivariate linear regression analysis to study factors that were independently associated with sleep disorders. The STROBE guidelines were adopted. RESULTS We included 301 patients (152 [50.5%] with AxSp and 149 [49.5%] with PsA). The multivariate linear regression analysis for the whole sample showed that insomnia was inversely associated with emotional recovery and biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and directly associated with depression in both groups. The analysis by disease (AxSp and PsA) showed that insomnia was independently associated with depression and emotional recovery. CONCLUSIONS Insomnia may be associated with other mood disorders, quality of life and inflammatory activity in the patients studied here. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE A nurse intervention can be carried out to prevent sleep disorders knowing the consequences and triggers of the problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cano-García
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Natalia Mena-Vázquez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Sara Manrique Arija
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Fernández-Nebro
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain.,UGC de Reumatología, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Ballespí S, Vives J, Alonso N, Sharp C, Ramírez MS, Fonagy P, Barrantes-Vidal N. To know or not to know? Mentalization as protection from somatic complaints. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215308. [PMID: 31048857 PMCID: PMC6497236 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatization processes are usually associated with a lack of insight or with emotional unawareness, especially in adolescents where the ability for self-reflection is beginning to mature. However, the extent to which different levels of insight explain variations in somatization remains understudied. This study aimed to evaluate whether high-level emotional awareness (comprehension) but not low-level awareness (only attention) is needed to psychologically cope with suffering, thus leading to lower somatization. Specific predictions were: 1) High attention along with High comprehension will be associated with significantly lower frequency of somatic complaints than other combinations (Low attention and Low comprehension, or High attention but Low comprehension); 2) In absence of comprehension, no attention will be more optimal than attention only, because only-attention might work as an amplificatory of suffering without the possibility of processing it. Self-reports of meta-cognitive processes, somatization, and control variables were obtained from 264 adolescents from a non-clinical population (54.5% female; aged 12-18, M = 14.7, SD = 1.7). In line with expectations, results revealed significant differences in the effects of insight positions on somatization: Attention+Comprehension (M = 4.9, SE = 0.9) < Nothing (M = 7.1, SE = 0.3) < Only attention (M = 8.9, SE = 0.7). Compared to Nothing, Attention+comprehension was associated with significantly reduced somatic complaints (B = -2.2, p = 0.03, 95% CI -4,1 to 0.2). However, Only attention was associated with increased somatic complaints compared to the other two conditions (B = 1.8, p = 0.03, 95% CI 0.2 to 3.4; B = 4, CI 95% 1.6-6.3, p = 0.001, respectively). This highlights the role of higher-order awareness (i.e., comprehension or clarity) in the processing of suffering and stresses its value in the adaptive coping of emotional distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Ballespí
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jaume Vives
- Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Naida Alonso
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, United States of America
| | - María Salvadora Ramírez
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Peter Fonagy
- Department of Psychology & Lang Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neus Barrantes-Vidal
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Mental Health, Fundació Sanitària Sant Pere Claver, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Identifying affective personality profiles: A latent profile analysis of the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales. Sci Rep 2017; 7:4548. [PMID: 28674393 PMCID: PMC5495783 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-04738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on evolutionary theory, a recent model in affective neuroscience delineated six emotional brain systems at the core of human personality: SEEKING, CARING, PLAYFULNESS, FEAR, ANGER, SADNESS. The Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS) assess their functioning. Using a person-centred approach of the ANPS, this study: (i) examined the existence of latent personality profiles, (ii) studied their gender invariance, (iii) assessed their longitudinal (4 years) stability, and (iv) explored how they relate to several intrapersonal, interpersonal, and emotion regulation skills. Latent Profile Analysis in 2 samples (Canadian, longitudinal, N = 520; French, cross-sectional, N = 830) found that, qualitatively, 3 profiles characterized both populations and genders, with one distinction for the second profile where the French women endorsed slightly higher and lower scores for, respectively, the negative and positive emotions. Whilst not being quantitatively similar across genders, the personality profiles remained consistent across time in the longitudinal sample. Associations between profiles and intrapersonal (e.g. depression), interpersonal (e.g. empathy), and emotion regulation skills measures (e.g. emotional intelligence) offered concurrent validity evidence. This person centred approach to ANPS offers a holistic and parsimonious way to study affective personality dimensions. It opens promising avenues for future studies on the predictive value of ANPS profiles, and for personality-targeted interventions.
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