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Kumar S, Sharma A, Sedha S. Occupational and environmental mercury exposure and human reproductive health - a review. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2022; 23:199-210. [PMID: 36065987 PMCID: PMC9450922 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2022.2022-2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mercury is a toxic heavy metal. Humans are exposed to mercury through several sources including environmental, occupational, contaminated food and water and from mercury-containing dental amalgam. Mercury exposure is known to harm the nervous system profoundly, and have a negative impact on digestive and immune systems, and other organs. To review and discuss the effect of mercury exposure through environmental or occupational routes on human reproduction, pregnancy, and its outcome. Published information about the potential toxic effects of mercury on human reproduction were collected and summarized. Literature was identified by systematic search using relevant keywords. Literature review revealed a number of negative impacts of mercury on human reproduction. These included effects on semen quality, including reduced sperm count, motility, and changes in morphology that may reduce fertility potential. There may also be an effect in changing reproductive hormone levels. Mercury exposure might also affect pregnancy but the data concerning mercury effects on female reproduction are limited except for some data about mercury exposure and poor pregnancy outcomes. Available data indicate that mercury exposure may have a toxicity effect on reproductive potential, especially in males. Prenatal mercury exposure may affect pregnancy or its outcome and this appears to be dependent upon dose, duration, and timing of exposure. Nutritional status of exposed individual might also influence the impact of mercury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Gujarat, India
| | - Anupama Sharma
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Gujarat, India
| | - Sapna Sedha
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Hari Singh Gour University, Madhya Pradesh, India
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The Impact of Controlled Ovarian Stimulation Hormones on the Metabolic State and Endocannabinoid System of Human Cumulus Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197124. [PMID: 32992491 PMCID: PMC7583999 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Different Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) formulation and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) are used in Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) to induce follicles development and oocytes maturation, but it is still under debate which protocol is to be preferred. In the present study, the different effects on cumulus cells (CCs) of three controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols, based on urinary FSH, recombinant FSH, or human Menopausal Gonadotropin (hMG) administration, were assessed. CCs were obtained from 42 normal-responders women undergoing COS, randomly divided into three groups according to the used gonadotropin formulation. Differences were found in the expression of genes belonging to the endocannabinoid system (the receptors CNR1, CNR2 and TRPV1, and the enzymes involved in the metabolisms of anandamide, NAPE-PLD and FAAH, and 2-acylglycerol, DAGL and MAGL); consistently, changes in lipid (PPARα, and FASN) and carbohydrate (GLUT1 and GLUT9) metabolisms, in CCs’ macromolecules composition (highlighted by Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy, FTIRM), and in the number of retrieved oocytes were found. For the first time, statistically significant evidence on the differences related to each COS protocol on the endocannabinoid system, metabolism and macromolecular composition of CCs was found, representing a proof of concept to be further confirmed in a larger cohort of patients.
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Pérez-Debén S, Gonzalez-Martin R, Palomar A, Quiñonero A, Salsano S, Dominguez F. Copper and lead exposures disturb reproductive features of primary endometrial stromal and epithelial cells. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 93:106-117. [PMID: 32004626 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates if Cu and Pb act as endocrine disruptors affecting endometrial cells. Primary EnSCs and EnECs were exposed to Cu (0, 50, 100 and 200 μM) or Pb (0, 30, 100 and 500 μM) and assessed for viability, decidualization, apoptosis and proliferation on EnSCs, and wound healing and adhesion capabilities on EnECs. Cu exposure decreased significantly cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Cu and Pb negatively affected in vitro decidualization, showing a significant decrease in PRL secretion. HOXA10 and ERα mRNA levels significantly decreased in decidualized cells (dEnSCs) exposed to Cu. Cu and Pb decreased adhesion and regeneration capability in EnEC. This study reveals that Cu and Pb could negatively affect endometrial functionality, compromising the decidualization process and disrupting endometrial regeneration and embryo adhesion. Therefore, special care should be taken considering heavy metals exposure if pregnancy is being pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A Palomar
- IVI Foundation-RMA Global, 46026, Valencia, Spain; IIS La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Quiñonero
- IVI Foundation-RMA Global, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Salsano
- IVI Foundation-RMA Global, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - F Dominguez
- IVI Foundation-RMA Global, 46026, Valencia, Spain; IIS La Fe, 46026, Valencia, Spain.
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Kumar S, Mishra V, Thaker R, Gor M, Perumal S, Joshi P, Sheth H, Shaikh I, Gautam AK, Verma Y. Role of environmental factors & oxidative stress with respect to in vitro fertilization outcome. Indian J Med Res 2019; 148:S125-S133. [PMID: 30964090 PMCID: PMC6469366 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1864_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Oxidative stress, lifestyle factors as also exposure to certain environmental factors are known to affect the fertility status in human beings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of OS and lifestyle and environmental factors affecting IVF outcome. Methods: A total of 253 couples were included, and biological samples such as blood, follicular fluid (FF), cumulus cells and semen were collected. Relevant biochemical parameters and metals namely lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were determined in the biological samples. β-human chorionic gonadotropin levels ≥100 IU/l were considered to predict viable pregnancy on the 15th day of embryo transfer (ET). Results: The mean body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower in females with positive IVF outcome compared to those with negative outcome. Couples residing in the residential area showed more percentage of positive IVF outcomes as compared to couples residing in industrial/agricultural area. FF Zn level was significantly higher (P<0.001) among the females’ participants who have undergone ET as compared to those who have not undergone ET. FF MDA and serum Cu levels were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the female participants with negative IVF outcome as compared to positive IVF outcome. Logistic regression revealed that maternal BMI (P=0.034) and FF MDA level (P=0.047) were significantly associated with the IVF outcome. Interpretation & conclusions: The success rate of IVF was about 31.8 per cent, and BMI was significantly lower in females with positive outcome. The higher levels of MDA in FF and SP might have a negative impact on IVF outcome, higher Zn level in SP, FF and serum might have a positive role in embryo transfer as well as IVF outcome. The role of stress management and nutrition supplementation during the IVF treatment may be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Division of Reproductive and Cytotoxicology, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Vineet Mishra
- Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, IVF Centre, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Riddhi Thaker
- Division of Reproductive and Cytotoxicology, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Mansi Gor
- Division of Reproductive and Cytotoxicology, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Siva Perumal
- Division of Pesticide, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Pratiksha Joshi
- Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, IVF Centre, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Hardik Sheth
- Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, IVF Centre, Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Idrish Shaikh
- Division of Occupational Hygiene, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Anil K Gautam
- Division of Reproductive and Cytotoxicology, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Yogendra Verma
- Division of Reproductive and Cytotoxicology, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India
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Rim KT. Reproductive Toxic Chemicals at Work and Efforts to Protect Workers' Health: A Literature Review. Saf Health Work 2017; 8:143-150. [PMID: 28593069 PMCID: PMC5447413 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A huge number of chemicals are produced and used in the world, and some of them can have negative effects on the reproductive health of workers. To date, most chemicals and work environments have not been studied for their potential to have damaging effects on the workers' reproductive system. Because of the lack of information, many workers may not be aware that such problems can be related to occupational exposures. Newly industrialized countries such as Republic of Korea have rapidly amassed chemicals and other toxicants that pose health hazards, especially to the reproductive systems of workers. This literature review provides an overview of peer-reviewed literature regarding the teratogenic impact and need for safe handling of chemicals. Literature searches were performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect. Search strategies were narrowed based on author expertise and 100 articles were chosen for detailed analysis. A total of 47 articles met prespecified inclusion criteria. The majority of papers contained studies that were descriptive in nature with respect to the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and keywords: “reproductive and heath or hazard and/or workplace or workers or occupations.” In the absence of complete information about the safe occupational handling of chemicals in Republic of Korea (other than a material safety data sheet), this review serves as a valuable reference for identifying and remedying potential gaps in relevant regulations. The review also proposes other public health actions including hazard surveillance and primary prevention activities such as reduction, substitution, ventilation, as well as protective equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Taek Rim
- Chemicals Research Bureau, Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency, Daejeon, 34122, Republic of Korea
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Bloom MS, Fujimoto VY, Storm R, Zhang L, Butts CD, Sollohub D, Jansing RL. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in human follicular fluid and in vitro fertilization outcomes, a pilot study. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 67:165-173. [PMID: 28089717 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are ubiquitously distributed among the U.S. population and adversely impact human reproduction. These compounds have been detected in human ovarian follicular fluid (FF), where they directly contact a developing oocyte. As a pilot investigation, we measured 43 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and its persistent metabolite p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) in residual FF collected from 32 women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). We identified significant inverse associations between higher levels of PCB congeners and indicators of ovarian reserve (e.g., antral follicle count), follicular response to administered gonadotropins (e.g., peak estradiol, number of oocytes retrieved, endometrial thickness), intermediate IVF endpoints (e.g., oocyte fertilization and embryo quality), and clinical IVF outcomes (e.g., embryo implantation and live birth), after adjusting for body mass index, cigarette smoking, race, and age. Our results suggest that ongoing exposure to POPs impacts IVF and merit confirmation in a larger and more definitive future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Bloom
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
| | - Victor Y Fujimoto
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robin Storm
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Celeste D Butts
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Diana Sollohub
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA
| | - Robert L Jansing
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, USA; Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA
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Prepartum blood lead concentrations linked to subsequent cyclicity in high-producing dairy cows in a non-industrial area. Livest Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wu X, Yang K, Tang X, Sa Y, Zhou R, Liu J, Luo Y, Tang W. Folate metabolism gene polymorphisms MTHFR C677T and A1298C and risk for preeclampsia: a meta-analysis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:797-805. [PMID: 25758986 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0408-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES MTHFR C677T and A1298C have been associated with the risk of preeclampsia (PE), but with conflicting results. We performed this meta-analysis to derive a more precise estimation of the association between MTHFR polymorphisms and PE. STUDY DESIGN An electronic search of PubMed and Chinese Biomedicine database was conducted to select studies for meta-analysis. 54 case controlled studies containing MTHFR C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms were chosen, and odds ratio (OR) with confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the strength of this association. RESULT These studies evaluated 7398 cases and 11230 controls for MTHFR C677T. The overall results suggested that MTHFR C677T was associated with the risk of PE. (T vs. C: OR = 1.157, 95% CI: 1.057-1.266, p = 0.002; TT + CT vs. CC: OR = 1.165, 95% CI : 1.049-1.293, P = 0.004; TT vs. CT + CC: OR = 1.371, 95% CI: 1.153-1.63, p < 0.001). We also evaluated 1103 cases and 988 controls for MTHFR A1298C but could not demonstrate an increased risk of PE for this polymorphism (p = 0.667). A symmetric funnel plot, the Egger's test (p = 0.819) suggested a lack of publication bias. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis supports the idea that MTHFR C677T genotype is associated with increased risk for PE, especially in the case of Asians and Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical Faculty, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Chenggong Campus, 727 South Jingming Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
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Tanrıkut E, Karaer A, Celik O, Celik E, Otlu B, Yilmaz E, Ozgul O. Role of endometrial concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, mercury and arsenic) in the aetiology of unexplained infertility. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2014; 179:187-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2014.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tarín JJ, García-Pérez MA, Cano A. Assisted reproductive technology results: Why are live-birth percentages so low? Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 81:568-83. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Tarín
- Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology; Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Valencia; Burjassot Valencia Spain
| | - Miguel A. García-Pérez
- Research Unit-INCLIVA; Hospital Clínico de Valencia; Burjassot Valencia Spain
- Department of Genetics; Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Valencia; Burjassot Valencia Spain
| | - Antonio Cano
- Department of Pediatrics; Obstetrics and Gynecology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Service of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University Hospital Dr. Peset; Valencia Spain
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Schrader SM, Marlow KL. Assessing the reproductive health of men with occupational exposures. Asian J Androl 2014; 16:23-30. [PMID: 24369130 PMCID: PMC3901877 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.122352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The earliest report linking environmental (occupational) exposure to adverse human male reproductive effects dates back to1775 when an English physician, Percival Pott, reported a high incidence of scrotal cancer in chimney sweeps. This observation led to safety regulations in the form of bathing requirements for these workers. The fact that male-mediated reproductive harm in humans may be a result of toxicant exposures did not become firmly established until relatively recently, when Lancranjan studied lead-exposed workers in Romania in 1975, and later in 1977, when Whorton examined the effects of dibromochloropropane (DBCP) on male workers in California. Since these discoveries, several additional human reproductive toxicants have been identified through the convergence of laboratory and observational findings. Many research gaps remain, as the pool of potential human exposures with undetermined effects on male reproduction is vast. This review provides an overview of methods used to study the effects of exposures on male reproduction and their reproductive health, with a primary emphasis on the implementation and interpretation of human studies. Emphasis will be on occupational exposures, although much of the information is also useful in assessing environmental studies, occupational exposures are usually much higher and better defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Schrader
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Applied Research and Technology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Katherine L Marlow
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Applied Research and Technology, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Kumar S. Occupational, Environmental and Lifestyle Factors Associated With Spontaneous Abortion. Reprod Sci 2011; 18:915-30. [DOI: 10.1177/1933719111413298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Division of Reproductive and Cytotoxicology, National Institute of Occupational Health (ICMR), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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