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Hussein AA, Moatamed ER, El-Desoky MM, El Khayat Z. Electrophysiological and biochemical effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles on heart functions of male Wistar rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15416. [PMID: 38965270 PMCID: PMC11224369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are one of the most abundantly used nanomaterials in cosmetics and topical products, and nowadays, they are explored in drug delivery and tissue engineering. Some recent data evidenced that they are responsible for cardiotoxic effects and systemic toxicity. The present study aimed to investigate the toxic effect of ZnO NPs (39 nm) on the heart of Wistar rats and to perform a dose-response relationship using three different dose levels (25, 50, 100 mg/kg bw) of ZnO NPs on the electrocardiogram (ECG) readings, the levels of biochemical function parameters of heart, and the oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers. Furthermore, zinc concentration level and histopathological examination of heart tissues were determined. ZnO NPs showed a dose-dependent effect, as the 100 mg/kg bw ZnO NPs treated group showed the most significant changes in ECGs parameters: R-R distance, P-R interval, R and T amplitudes, and increased levels of heart enzymes Creatine Kinase- MB (CK-MB) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). On the other hand, elevated zinc concentration levels, oxidative stress biomarkers MDA and NO, and decreased GSH levels were found also in a dose-dependent manner, the results were supported by impairment in the histopathological structure of heart tissues. While the dose of 100 mg/kg bw of ZnO bulk group showed no significant effects on heart function. The present study concluded that ZnO NPs could induce cardiac dysfunctions and pathological lesions mainly in the high dose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zakaria El Khayat
- Medical Biochemistry Laboratory, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
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Kandeil MA, Salem HK, Eissa SH, Hassan SS, El-Sawy AM. Reproductive performance of freshwater snail, Helisoma duryi under the effect of bulk and nano zinc oxide. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART A, ECOLOGICAL AND INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 341:683-701. [PMID: 38594790 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has been used to apply nanoparticle essential elements to enhance the ability of animals to absorb these elements and consequently improve their reproductive performance. High concentrations of nanoparticles (NPs) can directly harm a range of aquatic life forms, ultimately contributing to a decline in biodiversity. Helisoma duryi snails are a good model for studying the toxicological effects of bulk zinc oxide (ZnO-BPs) and nano zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs) on freshwater gastropods. This study aimed to compare the toxic effects of ZnO-BPs and ZnO-NPs on H. duryi snails and explore how waterborne and dietary exposure influenced the reproductive performance of this snail. ZnO-BPs and ZnO-NPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray powder (XRD). This study revealed that the size of ZnO-BPs and ZnO-NPs were 154 nm and 11-31 nm, respectively. The results showed that exposure of adult snails to sub-lethal concentrations of both ZnO forms (bulk and nano) for 24 h/week for 4 weeks markedly changed their reproductive performance in a concentration-dependent manner, where fecundity was negatively affected by high concentrations. It was concluded that dietary exposure to the lowest tested concentration of ZnO-NPs (1 ppm) has a positive effect as the number of eggs and egg masses/snails increased and the incubation period decreased. Also, poly-vitelline eggs (The formation of twins) were observed. ZnO-NPs at low concentrations positively affect the reproductive performance of snails, especially after dietary exposure. The results revealed that 1 ppm ZnO-NPs could be supplementary provided to snails to improve their fertility, reduce the developmental time course, increase hatchability percentage, and produce poly-vitelline eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar A Kandeil
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hoda K Salem
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Samia H Eissa
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sama S Hassan
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Moselhy WA, Ibrahim MA, Khalifa AG, El-Nahass ES, Hassan NEHY. The effects of TiO2, ZnO, IONs and Al2O3 metallic nanoparticles on the CYP1A1 and NBN transcripts in rat liver. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae034. [PMID: 38559758 PMCID: PMC10980790 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metal oxide nanoparticles are currently used widely in many aspects of human and animal life with broad prospects for biomedical purposes. The present work was carried out to investigate the effects of orally administrated TiO2NPs, ZnONPs, IONs and Al2O3NPs on the mRNA expression level of CYP 1A1 and NBN in the rat liver. Materials and Methods Four groups of male Albino rats were given their respective treatment orally for 60 days in a dose of 1/20 of the LD50 TiO2NPs (600 mg/Kg b.wt/day), ZnONPs (340 mg/Kg b.wt/day), IONs (200 mg/kg b.wt/day) and Al2O3NPs (100 mg/Kg b.wt/day) and a fifth group served as a control group. Rresults The mRNA level of CYP 1A1 and NBN showed up-regulation in all the NPs-treated groups relative to the control group. ZnONPs group recorded the highest expression level while the TiO2NPs group showed the lowest expression level transcript. Conclusion:The toxic effects produced by these nanoparticles were more pronounced in the case of zinc oxide, followed by aluminum oxide, iron oxide nanoparticles and titanium dioxide, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa A Moselhy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Cairo 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahlam G Khalifa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - El-Shaymaa El-Nahass
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Nour El-Houda Y Hassan
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Al-Azhary DB, Sawy SA, Fawzy Hassan H, Meligi NM. Potential effects of spirulina and date palm pollens on zinc oxide nanoparticles -induced hepatoxicity, oxidative stress, and inflammation in male albino rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2023; 12:1051-1062. [PMID: 38145102 PMCID: PMC10734569 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The application of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is substantially growing in industrial products. Therefore, humans are increasingly exposed to ZnO NPs daily due to their extensive range of applications, raising worries about their possible toxicity. AIM In this study, the ameliorative effects of raw Phoenix dactylifera L. (date palm) pollens (DPP) and Spirulina platensis (SP) independently against ZnO NPS-induced hepatoxicity in male albino rats were examined. METHODS Six groups (6/group) of adult male albino rats received oral treatment using distilled water (control), SP (1000 mg/kg b. wt.), DPP (100 mg/kg b. wt.), ZnO NPs (100 mg/kg b. wt.), ZnO NPs +SP, and ZnO NPs + DPP respectively for 15 days. RESULTS The results of the biochemical investigation indicated that the administration of ZnO NPs substantially upregulated (p < 0.05) transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin serum levels. Malondialdehyde and pro-inflammatory cytokine serum levels were also elevated after ZnO NPs administration. Simultaneously, the downregulated catalase and glutathione peroxidase serum activities were significantly suppressed in ZnO NPs treated rats. Moreover, exposure to ZnO NPs induced liver histopathological alterations. The administration of SP and DPP ameliorated the aforementioned effects caused by ZnO NPs. This result can be attributable to the downregulation of hepatic transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin in the serum and the antioxidation system's equilibration, thus alleviating the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. CONCLUSION SP and DPP are natural antioxidants with the potential to eliminate inflammation as well as oxidative damage caused by ZnO NPs in hepatic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diaa B Al-Azhary
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Cairo-Aswan Road, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Samar A Sawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Cairo-Aswan Road, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Fawzy Hassan
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Cairo-Aswan Road, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Noha M Meligi
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Cairo-Aswan Road, Minia 61519, Egypt
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Abouzeinab NS, Kahil N, Fakhruddin N, Awad R, Khalil MI. Intraperitoneal hepato-renal toxicity of zinc oxide and nickel oxide nanoparticles in male rats: biochemical, hematological and histopathological studies. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:619-644. [PMID: 37662710 PMCID: PMC10471841 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, zinc oxide (ZnO) and nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles (NPs) have become more prevalent in commercial and industrial products. However, questions have been raised regarding their potential harm to human health. Limited studies have been conducted on their intraperitoneal toxicity in rats, and their co-exposure effects remain uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate some biological responses induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of ZnO-NPs (200 mg/kg) and/or NiO-NPs (50 mg/kg) in rats over time intervals. Blood and organ samples were collected from 36 male rats for hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress, and histological analysis. Results showed that the administration of NPs reduced the body and organ weights as well as red blood cell (RBC) indices and altered white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts. The experimental groups exhibited elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatinine (CREA), urea, lipid profile, glucose (GLU), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased uric acid (UA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). Histological observations also revealed architectural damages in liver and kidneys. These alterations were time-dependent and varied in their degree of toxicity. Co-exposure of NPs initially lessened the damage but increased it afterwards compared to individual exposure. In conclusion, intraperitoneal injection of ZnO-NPs and/or NiO-NPs alters biological processes and induces oxidative stress in rats' liver and kidneys in a time-dependent manner, with NiO-NPs being more potent than ZnO-NPs. Furthermore, co-exposed NPs initially appeared to be antagonistic to one another while further aiming toward synergism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura S. Abouzeinab
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour Kahil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Najla Fakhruddin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ramadan Awad
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud I. Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Abo-EL-Sooud K, Abd-El Hakim YM, Hashem MM, El-Metwally AE, Hassan BA, El-Nour HH. Restorative effects of gallic acid against sub-chronic hepatic toxicity of co-exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles and arsenic trioxide in male rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17326. [PMID: 37389053 PMCID: PMC10300221 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives This study aimed to assess the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZNPs) and/or arsenic trioxide (ATO) exposure on the liver of adult male Sprague Dawley rats. Moreover, the probable ameliorative impact of gallic acid (GA) against ZNPs and ATO-induced hepatotoxicity and the possible underlying mechanisms were evaluated. Methods Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were distributed into six groups. The 1st and 2nd groups were orally given distilled water (1 ml/kg) and 20 mg GA/kg b. wt, respectively. The 3rd and 4th groups were orally given 100 mg ZNPs/kg b. wt and 8 mg ATO/kg b. wt, respectively. The 5th group was co-administered ZNPs and ATO at the doses mentioned above. The last one was co-administered ZNPs, ATO, and GA at the earlier described doses. All tested compounds were orally given once a day for 60 successive days. Then, serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total, direct, indirect bilirubin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, VLDL, and LDL were estimated. The hepatic content of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was evaluated. Moreover, Bcl-2 and Bax's reactive proteins were immunohistochemically detected, and Zn and As residual patterns in hepatic tissues were assessed. Results ZNPs, ATO, and ZNPs+ATO-exposed rats showed significantly (P < 0.001) elevated serum AST (219%, 233%, and 333%), ALT (300%, 400%, and 475%), ALP (169%, 205%, and 294%), and total bilirubin (42%, 68%, and 109%) compared to the control ones. On the other hand, a significantly (P < 0.001) declined SOD (58%, 49%, and 43%) and GPx (70%, 63%, and 56%) but increased MDA (133%, 150%, and 224%) was recorded in the hepatic tissues of ZNPs, ATO, and ZNPs+ATO exposed rats, respectively, relative to the control rats. Moreover, the hepatic tissues of the ZNPs, ATO, and ZNPs+ATO exposed rats showed a significant (P < 0.001) decrease in Bcl-2 (28%, 33%, and 23%) but elevation in Bax (217%, 267%, and 236%) immunoreactivities compared to the control rats. These findings were consistent with the microscopic alterations in the hepatic architecture and accumulation of Zn and As. Furthermore, a notable hyperlipidemic condition was recorded following ZNPs and/or ATO exposure. On the contrary, GA notably reduced hepatic enzymes compared to ZNPs+ATO-exposed rats. Additionally, GA markedly improved ZNPs+ATO-afforded liver tissue damage and apoptotic events. Conclusion Overall, GA oral dosing significantly mitigated the negative effects of ZNPs and ATO on the liver by improving the antioxidant defense system and controlling apoptotic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abo-EL-Sooud
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Yasmina M. Abd-El Hakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M.M. Hashem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Abeer E. El-Metwally
- Pathology Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza 3514805, Egypt
| | - Bayan A. Hassan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University, Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Hayat H.M. El-Nour
- Biology of Reproduction Department, Animal Reproduction Research Institute, Giza 3514805, Egypt
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Mohammed RS, Aadim KA, Ahmed KA. Histological, haematological, and thyroid hormones toxicity of female rats orally exposed to CuO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles synthesized by Ar plasma jets. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1017-1031. [PMID: 36847821 PMCID: PMC9969385 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in nanomedicine helped scientists design a new class of nanoparticles known as hybrid nanoparticles (core/shell) for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. An essential requirement for the successful use of nanoparticles in biomedical applications is their low toxicity. Therefore, toxicological profiling is necessary to understand the mechanism of nanoparticles. The current study aimed to assess the toxicological potential of CuO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles with a size of 32 nm in Albino female rats. In vivo toxicity was evaluated by oral administration of 0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 (mg/L) of CuO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles to a female rate for 30 consecutive days. During the time of treatment, no deaths were observed. The toxicological evaluation revealed significant (p < 0.01) alteration in white blood cells (WBC) at a 5 (mg/L) dose. Also, increase in red blood cells (RBC) at 5, 10 (mg/L) doses, while hemoglobin (Hb) levels and hematocrit (HCT) increased at all doses. This maybe indicates that the CuO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles stimulated the rate of blood corpuscle generation. The anaemia diagnostic indices (mean corpuscular volume MCV and mean corpuscular haemoglobin MCH) remained unchanged throughout the experiment for all the doses tested 5, 10, 20, and 40 (mg/L). According to the results of this study, exposure to CuO/ZnO core/shell NPs deteriorates the Triiodothyronine hormone (T3) and a Thyroxine hormone (T4) activated by Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH), which is generated and secreted from the pituitary gland. There is possibly related to an increase in free radicals and a decrease in antioxidant activity. Significant (p < 0.01) growth retardation in all groups treated due to rats' infection by Hyperthyroidism induced by thyroxine (T4) level increase. Hyperthyroidism is a catabolic state related to increased energy consumption, protein turnover, and lipolysis. Usually, these metabolic effects result in weight reduction and a decrease in fat storage and lean body mass. The histological examination indicates that the low concentrations of CuO/ZnO core/shell nanoparticles are safe for desired biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghad S Mohammed
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Kadhim A Aadim
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Khalid A Ahmed
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Bayat M, Daei S, Ziamajidi N, Abbasalipourkabir R, Nourian A. The protective effects of vitamins A, C, and E on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs)-induced liver oxidative stress in male Wistar rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:209-218. [PMID: 34915775 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.2016809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ever-increasing use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in industrial and consumer products leads to concerns about their safety. Liver is one of the most important target organs of nanoparticles after entering the body. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of vitamins (Vit) A, C, and E on ZnO NPs-induced liver oxidative stress. For this task, 54 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine groups of six: control 1 (water), control 2 (olive oil), Vit A (1000 IU/kg), Vit C (200 mg/kg), Vit E (100 IU/kg), ZnO (200 mg/kg), ZnO + VitA, ZnO + VitC, and ZnO + VitE. The animals received ZnO for 2 weeks while treatment with Vit started one week before the ZnO administration. In order to specify oxidative stress status, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative status and malondialdehyde were determined by colorimetric assay. In addition, the activity and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) were evaluated by colorimetric assay kit and qRT-PCR, respectively. Moreover, histological analysis was conducted to estimate the extent of liver damage. Our results indicate that the oxidative parameters are increased while the content of TAC, antioxidant enzymes activity, and gene expression of SOD, GPX, and CAT show a significant reduction in the liver of ZnO-treated rats compared to the control (p< 0.05). In contrast, the administration of Vit could significantly modulate the aforementioned changes. Overall, Vit A, E, and C can mitigate oxidative stress caused by ZnO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Bayat
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Sajedeh Daei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ziamajidi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourian
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
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Daei S, Abbasalipourkabir R, Khajvand-Abedini M, Ziamajidi N. The Alleviative Efficacy of Vitamins A, C, and E Against Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles-Induced Hepatic Damage by Reducing Apoptosis in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1252-1260. [PMID: 35364806 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03218-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are vastly exploited in today's technology. However, it is realized that exposure to high concentrations of nanoparticles (NPs) may have adverse effects on human health. According to previous reports, zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs cause toxic effects in tissues via inducing apoptosis. The current work was designed to evaluate possible protective activities of vitamins (Vits) A, C, and E against ZnO NPs-induced apoptosis in the liver of rats. To this aim, fifty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly distributed into nine groups (n = 6 rats for each group), namely, Control1 (water), Control2 (olive oil), Vit A (1000 IU/kg), Vit C (200 mg/kg), Vit E (100 IU/kg), ZnO (200 mg/kg), ZnO + VitA, ZnO + VitC, and ZnO + VitE. To investigate apoptosis, the mRNA and protein expression of Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) and B-cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2) were examined by qRT-PCR and western blot techniques. The mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α as well as the activity of caspase 3,7 were also measured. The results revealed that ZnO NPs considerably enhance the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression as well as the activity of caspase 3,7 compared to the control group. Furthermore, the findings implied that the elevated level of TNF-α may link with ZnO NPs-mediated apoptosis in the liver of rats. More importantly, Vits A, C, and E exhibited ameliorative properties against apoptosis-inducing effects of ZnO NPs. Thus, administration of Vits A, C, and E may be effective in preventing liver damage and apoptosis caused by ZnO NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajedeh Daei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Abbasalipourkabir
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Khajvand-Abedini
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ziamajidi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran.
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Microbial Mediated Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, Characterization and Multifaceted Applications. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02406-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNanoparticles have gained considerable importance compared to bulk counterparts due to their unique properties. Due to their high surface to volume ratio and high reactivity, metallic and metal-oxide nanostructures have shown great potential applications. Among them, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) have gained tremendous attention attributed to their unique properties such as low toxicity, biocompatibility, simplicity, easy fabrication, and environmental friendly. Remarkably, ZnONPs exhibit optical, physical, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. These nanoparticles have been applied in various fields such as in biomedicine, biosensors, electronics, food, cosmetic industries, textile, agriculture and environment. The synthesis of ZnONPs can be performed by chemical, physical and biological methods. Although the chemical and physical methods suffer from some disadvantages such as the involvement of high temperature and pressure conditions, high cost and not environmentally friendly, the green synthesis of ZnONPs offers a promising substitute to these conventional methods. On that account, the microbial mediated synthesis of ZnONPs is clean, eco-friendly, nontoxic and biocompatible method. This paper reviews the microbial synthesis of ZnONPs, parameters used for the optimization process and their physicochemical properties. The potential applications of ZnONPs in biomedical, agricultural and environmental fields as well as their toxic aspects on human beings and animals have been reviewed.
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Baholet D, Skalickova S, Batik A, Malyugina S, Skladanka J, Horky P. Importance of Zinc Nanoparticles for the Intestinal Microbiome of Weaned Piglets. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:852085. [PMID: 35720843 PMCID: PMC9201420 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.852085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The scientific community is closely monitoring the replacement of antibiotics with doses of ZnO in weaned piglets. Since 2022, the use of zinc in medical doses has been banned in the European Union. Therefore, pig farmers are looking for other solutions. Some studies have suggested that zinc nanoparticles might replace ZnO for the prevention of diarrhea in weaning piglets. Like ZnO, zinc nanoparticles are effective against pathogenic microorganisms, e.g., Enterobacteriaceae family in vitro and in vivo. However, the effect on probiotic Lactobacillaceae appears to differ for ZnO and zinc nanoparticles. While ZnO increases their numbers, zinc nanoparticles act in the opposite way. These phenomena have been also confirmed by in vitro studies that reported a strong antimicrobial effect of zinc nanoparticles against Lactobacillales order. Contradictory evidence makes this topic still controversial, however. In addition, zinc nanoparticles vary in their morphology and properties based on the method of their synthesis. This makes it difficult to understand the effect of zinc nanoparticles on the intestinal microbiome. This review is aimed at clarifying many circumstances that may affect the action of nanoparticles on the weaning piglets' microbiome, including a comprehensive overview of the zinc nanoparticles in vitro effects on bacterial species occurring in the digestive tract of weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Baholet
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Sylvie Skalickova
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Andrej Batik
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Svetlana Malyugina
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jiri Skladanka
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Horky
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Pavel Horky
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Hassan ME, Hassan RR, Diab KA, El-Nekeety AA, Hassan NS, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Nanoencapsulation of thyme essential oil: a new avenue to enhance its protective role against oxidative stress and cytotoxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:52046-52063. [PMID: 33999325 PMCID: PMC8126601 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14427-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Although the green synthesis of nanometals is eco-friendly, the toxicity or safety of these biosynthesized nanoparticles in living organisms is not fully studied. This study aimed to evaluate the potential protective role of encapsulated thyme oil (ETO) against zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). ETO was prepared using a mixture of whey protein isolate, maltodextrin, and gum Arabic, and ZnO-NPs were synthesized using parsley extract. Six groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated orally for 21 days which included the control group, ZnO-NP-treated group (25 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)), ETO-treated groups at low or high dose (50, 100 mg/kg b.w.), and the groups that received ZnO-NPs plus ETO at the two tested doses. Blood and tissue samples were collected for different assays. The results showed that carvacrol and thymol were the major components in ETO among 13 compounds isolated by GC-MS. ZnO-NPs were nearly spherical and ETOs were round in shape with an average size of 38 and 311.8 nm, respectively. Administration of ZnO-NPs induced oxidative stress, DNA damage, biochemical, ctyogentical, and histological changes in rats. ETO at the tested doses alleviated these disturbances and showed protective effects against the hazards of ZnO-NPs. It could be concluded that encapsulation of thyme oil using whey protein isolate, maltodextrin, and gum Arabic improved the antioxidant properties of ETO, probably possess synergistic effects, and can be used as a promising tool in pharmaceutical and food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa E Hassan
- Toxicology Department, Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha R Hassan
- Immunology Department, Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawthar A Diab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nabila S Hassan
- Pathology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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13
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Tsymbalyuk O, Davydovska T, Lisnyak V, Veselsky S, Zaderko A, Voiteshenko I, Naumenko A, Skryshevsky V. ZnO and TiO 2 Nanocolloids: State of Mechanisms that Regulating the Motility of the Gastrointestinal Tract and the Hepatobiliary System. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:23960-23976. [PMID: 34568675 PMCID: PMC8459414 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Using the transmission electron microscopy (TEM)/high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) methods, it was shown that the nanocolloids of ZnO contain hydrolyzed ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). Typically, the nanocrystalline ZnO/Zn(OH)2 core is covered by an amorphous shell of zinc hydroxides, preventing the encapsulated crystal core from dissolving. Similar studies were carried out with TiO2 nanocolloids. It was found that burdening of rats for 30 days with a ZnO aqueous nanocolloid (AN) was accompanied by a narrowing of the amplitude range, a decrease (increase) in the frequency of spontaneous contractions (SCs), and an inhibition of the efficiency indices for smooth muscles (SMs) of the antrum and cecum. Under longer (100 days) burdening of rats with AN of ZnO, there was a tendency toward restoring the above parameters. In terms of the value and the direction of changes in most parameters for SCs of SMs, the effects (30 days) of TiO2 AN differed from those for ZnO AN and were almost the same in the case of their long-term impact. It was found that mostly M2-cholinoreceptor-dependent mechanisms of regulating the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ were sensitive to the effect of ZnO and TiO2 ANs. The molecular docking demonstrated that ZnO and TiO2 NPs did not compete with acetylcholine for the site of binding to M3 and M2 cholinoreceptors but may impact the affinity of orthosteric ligands to M2 cholinoreceptors. The studies showed that burdening rats with ZnO and TiO2 ANs was also accompanied by changes in the activity state of both intracellular enzymes and the ion transport systems for Na+, K+, and Ca2+, related to the processes of bile secretion, via the plasma membrane of hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Tsymbalyuk
- Institute
of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska Str, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Tamara Davydovska
- Institute
of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska Str, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Vladyslav Lisnyak
- Chemical
Faculty, Taras Shevchenko National University
of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska
Str., 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Prešov
University in Prešov, Ul. 17. Novembra č. 1, 081 16 Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Veselsky
- Institute
of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska Str, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Alexander Zaderko
- Institute
of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska Str, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Corporation
Science Park Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60, Volodymyrska Str., 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Ivan Voiteshenko
- Institute
of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska Str, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Anna Naumenko
- Institute
of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska Str, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Valeriy Skryshevsky
- Institute
of High Technologies, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64, Volodymyrska Str, 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Corporation
Science Park Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, 60, Volodymyrska Str., 01033 Kyiv, Ukraine
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Sabir S, Zahoor MA, Waseem M, Siddique MH, Shafique M, Imran M, Hayat S, Malik IR, Muzammil S. Biosynthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Bacillus Subtilis: Characterization and Nutritive Significance for Promoting Plant Growth in Zea mays L. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820958911. [PMID: 32973419 PMCID: PMC7493260 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820958911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-fertilizer(s), an emerging field of agriculture, is alternate option for enhancement of plant growth replacing the synthetic fertilizers. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) can be used as the zinc source for plants. The present investigation was carried out to assess the role of ZnO NPs in growth promotion of maize plants. Biosynthesized ZnO NPs (using Bacillus sp) were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Zeta potential. Different concentrations of ZnO NPs (2, 4, 8, 16 mg/L) were explored in pot culture experiment. Size of ZnO NPs ranged between 16 and 20 nm. A significant increase in growth parameters like shoot length (61.7%), root length (56.9%) and significantly higher level of protein was observed in the treated plants. The overall pattern for growth biomarkers including the protein contents was maximum at 8 mg/L of ZnO NPs. It was observed that application of biosynthesized ZnO NPs has improved majority of growth biomarkers including plant growth parameters, protein contents and leaf area. Therefore, biosynthesized ZnO NPs could be considered as an alternate source of nutrient in Zn deficient soils for promoting the modern agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Sabir
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Waseem
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Shafique
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari, Pakistan
| | - Sumreen Hayat
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Imran Riaz Malik
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Saima Muzammil
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Hussain A, Kumar S, Kaul G. Postnatal distribution of ZnO nanoparticles to the breast milk through oral route and their risk assessment for breastfed rat offsprings. Hum Exp Toxicol 2020; 39:1318-1332. [PMID: 32347117 DOI: 10.1177/0960327120921441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Various studies in rodents have shown that nanoparticles are transferred to the breast milk. Under the present study, lactating Wistar rats were repetitively gavaged 5, 25, and 50 mg/kg bw of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and 50 mg kg-1 bw of bulk zinc oxide (bZnO) for 19 days after parturition. The results showed that ZnO-NPs were absorbed in the small intestine of dams and distributed to the liver. Furthermore, ZnO-NPs were distributed to the intestine and liver of rat pups through dam's milk. No significant change in body weight was observed in the dams treated with ZnO-NPs or bZnO and their offsprings as compared to the control group. The spleen weight significantly increased in the rat dams treated with 50 mg kg-1 of ZnO-NPs. ZnO-NPs were mostly excreted through feces. The levels of liver cytochrome P450 reductase and serum total antioxidant capacity significantly decreased in the rat dams treated with ZnO-NPs (50 mg kg-1) and their offsprings. The levels of serum cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 beta) and liver injury marker enzymes (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) significantly increased in the rat dams treated with ZnO-NPs (25 and 50 mg kg-1) and their offsprings. The level of immunoglobulin A secretion in the intestinal fluid of rat dams and their offsprings is significantly increased by increasing the dose of ZnO-NPs. Histopathology of intestine and liver of offsprings whose rat dams were treated with ZnO-NPs (50 mg kg-1) showed gross pathological changes. These results provide information for the safety evaluation of ZnO-NPs use during lactation. In conclusion, a dose-dependent postnatal transfer of ZnO-NPs is hazardous to the breastfed offsprings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hussain
- N.T. Lab-I, Division of Animal Biochemistry, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - S Kumar
- N.T. Lab-I, Division of Animal Biochemistry, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - G Kaul
- N.T. Lab-I, Division of Animal Biochemistry, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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