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Ferraz MP. Bone Grafts in Dental Medicine: An Overview of Autografts, Allografts and Synthetic Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16114117. [PMID: 37297251 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of various materials used in dentistry and oral and maxillofacial surgeries to replace or repair bone defects. The choice of material depends on factors such as tissue viability, size, shape, and defect volume. While small bone defects can regenerate naturally, extensive defects or loss or pathological fractures require surgical intervention and the use of substitute bones. Autologous bone, taken from the patient's own body, is the gold standard for bone grafting but has drawbacks such as uncertain prognosis, surgery at the donor site, and limited availability. Other alternatives for medium and small-sized defects include allografts (from human donors), xenografts (from animals), and synthetic materials with osteoconductive properties. Allografts are carefully selected and processed human bone materials, while xenografts are derived from animals and possess similar chemical composition to human bone. Synthetic materials such as ceramics and bioactive glasses are used for small defects but may lack osteoinductivity and moldability. Calcium-phosphate-based ceramics, particularly hydroxyapatite, are extensively studied and commonly used due to their compositional similarity to natural bone. Additional components, such as growth factors, autogenous bone, and therapeutic elements, can be incorporated into synthetic or xenogeneic scaffolds to enhance their osteogenic properties. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of grafting materials in dentistry, discussing their properties, advantages, and disadvantages. It also highlights the challenges of analyzing in vivo and clinical studies to select the most suitable option for specific situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Ferraz
- Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
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2
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Nanotechnology in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteomyelitis. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081563. [PMID: 36015188 PMCID: PMC9412360 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection remains one of the largest threats to global health. Among those infections that are especially troublesome, osteomyelitis, or inflammation of the bone, typically due to infection, is a particularly difficult condition to diagnose and treat. This difficulty stems not only from the biological complexities of opportunistic infections designed to avoid the onslaught of both the host immune system as well as exogenous antibiotics, but also from changes in the host vasculature and the heterogeneity of infectious presentations. While several groups have attempted to classify and stage osteomyelitis, controversy remains, often delaying diagnosis and treatment. Despite a host of preclinical treatment advances being incubated in academic and company research and development labs worldwide, clinical treatment strategies remain relatively stagnant, including surgical debridement and lengthy courses of intravenous antibiotics, both of which may compromise the overall health of the bone and the patient. This manuscript reviews the current methods for diagnosing and treating osteomyelitis and then contemplates the role that nanotechnology might play in the advancement of osteomyelitis treatment.
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Ribeiro N, Sousa A, Cunha-Reis C, Oliveira AL, Granja PL, Monteiro FJ, Sousa SR. New prospects in skin regeneration and repair using nanophased hydroxyapatite embedded in collagen nanofibers. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 33:102353. [PMID: 33421622 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study reflects an exploitation of a composite matrix produced by electrospinning of collagen and electrospraying of nanophased hydroxyapatite (nanoHA), for skin regeneration applications. The main goal was to evaluate the effect of nanoHA, as source of localized calcium delivery, on human dermal fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) growth, proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix production. This study revealed that calcium ions provided by nanoHA significantly enhanced cellular growth and proliferation rates and prevented adhesion of pathogenic bacteria strains typically found in human skin flora. Moreover, hMSCs were able to differentiate in both osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. Rat subcutaneous implantation of the membranes also revealed that no adverse reaction occurred. Therefore, the mechanically fit composite membrane presents a great potential to be used either as cell transplantation scaffold for skin wound regeneration or as wound dressing material in plastic surgery, burns treatment or skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilza Ribeiro
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal; FEUP-DEMM, Faculdade de Engenharia, da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Aureliana Sousa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cassilda Cunha-Reis
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Leite Oliveira
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro L Granja
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando J Monteiro
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal; FEUP-DEMM, Faculdade de Engenharia, da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana R Sousa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Porto, Portugal; ISEP-Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Influence of PLLA/PCL/HA Scaffold Fiber Orientation on Mechanical Properties and Osteoblast Behavior. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12233879. [PMID: 31771297 PMCID: PMC6926818 DOI: 10.3390/ma12233879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolds based on aligned and non-aligned poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA)/polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers obtained by electrospinning, associated to electrosprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) for tissue engineering applications were developed and their performance was compared in terms of their morphology and biological and mechanical behaviors. The morphological results assessed by scanning electron microscopy showed a mesh of PLLA/PCL fibers (random and perfectly aligned) associated with aggregates of nanophased HA. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry confirmed the homogeneity in the blends and the presence of nanoHA in the scaffold. As a result of fiber alignment a 15-fold increase in Young's Modulus and an 8-fold increase in tensile strength were observed when compared to non-aligned fibers. In PLLA/PCL/HA scaffolds, the introduction of nanoHA caused a remarkable improvement of the mechanical strength of this material acting as a reinforcement, enhancing the response of these constructs to tensile stress. In vitro testing was evaluated using osteoblast (MC3T3-E1) cells. The results showed that both fibrous scaffolds were able to support osteoblast cell adhesion and proliferation and that fiber alignment induced increased cellular metabolic activity. In addition, the adhesion and proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated and a lower number of colony forming units (CFUs) was obtained in the scaffolds with aligned fibers.
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Inhibitory Effect of 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carbohydrazonamides Derivatives Against Candida spp. Biofilm on Nanohydroxyapatite Substrate. Mycopathologia 2019; 184:775-786. [PMID: 31679132 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-019-00400-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Candida can adhere and form biofilm on biomaterials commonly used in medical devices which is a key attribute that enhances its ability to cause infections in humans. Furthermore, biomaterial-related infections represent a major therapeutic challenge since Candida biofilms are implicated in antifungal therapies failure. The goals of the present work were to investigate the effect of three 5-aminoimidazole-4-carbohydrazonamides, namely (Z)-5-amino-1-methyl-N'-aryl-1H-imidazole-4-carbohydrazonamides [aryl = phenyl (1a), 4-fluorophenyl (1b), 3-fluorophenyl (1c)], on Candida albicans and Candida krusei biofilm on nanohydroxyapatite substrate, a well-known bioactive ceramic material. To address these goals, both quantitative methods (by cultivable cell numbers) and qualitative evaluation (by scanning electron microscopy) were used. Compounds cytocompatibility towards osteoblast-like cells was also evaluated after 24 h of exposure, through resazurin assay. The three tested compounds displayed a strong inhibitory effect on biofilm development of both Candida species as potent in vitro activity against C. albicans sessile cells. Regarding cytocompatibility, a concentration-dependent effect was observed. Together, these findings indicated that the potent activity of imidazole derivatives on Candida spp. biofilms on nanohydroxyapatite substrate, in particular compound 1c, is worth further investigating.
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Khalid H, Suhaib F, Zahid S, Ahmed S, Jamal A, Kaleem M, Khan AS. Microwave-assisted synthesis and in vitro osteogenic analysis of novel bioactive glass fibers for biomedical and dental applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 14:015005. [PMID: 30251708 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aae3f0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Glass fiber-based materials have gained interest for use in biomedical and dental applications. The aim of this study was to make E-glass fiber bioactive by a novel method using the microwave irradiation technique. Industrial E-glass fibers were used after surface activation with the hydrolysis method. The ratio of calcium and phosphorous precursors was set at 1.67. After maintaining the pH of the calcium solution, E-glass fibers in two ratios, i.e. 30% (nHA/E30) and 50% (nHA/E50) wt/wt, were added. The phosphorous precursor was added later and the solution was irradiated in a microwave to obtain nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) particles on E-glass fibers. The structural, physical and in vitro biocompatibility analyses of the resulting materials were conducted. The expression of osteopontin (OPN) and collagen (Col) type 1 was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and comparison was made between all the groups. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction showed characteristic peaks of nHA, and a change in the peak intensities was observed with an increase in the concentration of E-glass fibers. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images confirmed the homogenous adhesion of nHA spherical particles all over the fibers. Cell viability with mesenchymal stem cells showed growth, proliferation, and adhesion. All the materials were able to upregulate the expression of the OPN and Col, where gene expression was highest in nHA followed by nHA/E30 and nHA/E50. The bioactive glass fibers were synthesized in the shortest time and showed osteogenic properties. These materials have the potential for use in bone tissue engineering, dental prosthesis, and tooth restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Khalid
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Caratto V, Ball L, Sanguineti E, Insorsi A, Firpo I, Alberti S, Ferretti M, Pelosi P. Antibacterial activity of standard and N-doped titanium dioxide-coated endotracheal tubes: an in vitro study. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2018; 29:55-62. [PMID: 28444073 PMCID: PMC5385986 DOI: 10.5935/0103-507x.20170009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity against
Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas
aeruginosa of two nanoparticle endotracheal tube coatings with
visible light-induced photocatalysis. Methods Two types of titanium dioxide nanoparticles were tested: standard anatase
(TiO2) and N-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2).
Nanoparticles were placed on the internal surface of a segment of commercial
endotracheal tubes, which were loaded on a cellulose acetate filter; control
endotracheal tubes were left without a nanoparticle coating. A bacterial
inoculum of 150 colony forming units was placed in the endotracheal tubes
and then exposed to a fluorescent light source (3700 lux, 300-700 nm
wavelength) for 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 minutes. Colony forming units were
counted after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C. Bacterial inactivation was
calculated as the percentage reduction of bacterial growth compared to
endotracheal tubes not exposed to light. Results In the absence of light, no relevant antibacterial activity was shown against
neither strain. For P. aeruginosa, both coatings had a
higher bacterial inactivation than controls at any time point (p <
0.001), and no difference was observed between TiO2 and
N-TiO2. For S. aureus, inactivation was
higher than for controls starting at 5 minutes for N-TiO2 (p =
0.018) and 10 minutes for TiO2 (p = 0.014); inactivation with
N-TiO2 was higher than that with TiO2 at 20
minutes (p < 0.001), 40 minutes (p < 0.001) and 60 minutes (p <
0.001). Conclusions Nanosized commercial and N-doped TiO2 inhibit bacterial growth
under visible fluorescent light. N-TiO2 has higher antibacterial
activity against S. aureus compared to TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Caratto
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.,Istituto CNR SPIN - Genova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ball
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Sanguineti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.,Istituto CNR SPIN - Genova, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Angelo Insorsi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Iacopo Firpo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefano Alberti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ferretti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy.,Istituto CNR SPIN - Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche e Diagnostiche Integrate, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
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Scatolini AM, Pugine SMP, de Oliveira Vercik LC, de Melo MP, da Silva Rigo EC. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxic effect of hydroxyapatite containing Brazilian propolis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 13:025010. [PMID: 29135460 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aa9a84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to produce hydroxyapatite powder (HA) containing the dry extract of green and red propolis, and to evaluate the possible bactericidal activity of these materials over a short period of time through a fast release system. The ethanolic extracts of green and red propolis (EEP) were incorporated into the material by spray drying. After release tests, powders containing dry EEP were characterized regarding the content of total phenolics and flavonoids. Material characterization was undertaken by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by plate colony counting, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The cytotoxicity of the materials was determined by the neutral red incorporation method. The materials showed apparently spherical morphology, indicating a decrease in the degree of agglomeration with the addition of propolis. Characteristic HA and propolis functional groups were observed in the FTIR. The materials showed a higher release of phenolics and lower amounts of flavonoids when compared to the EEP, with the higher amounts of flavonoids observed for HA with red propolis. A bactericidal effect was observed for all materials within the interval of 0.5 and 1 h, showing lower inhibitory activity (MIC) and higher bactericidal activity (MBC) when compared to the EEP, with the best results attributed to HA with red propolis. The IC50 values (which is the concentration needed to inhibit cell growth by 50%) obtained from the cytotoxicity assay for HA with the green and red propolis lay between MIC and MCB. Considering these results, it is suggested that HA and propolis may be used as a possible antimicrobial agent, inhibiting the growth of S. aureus, although further in vivo biocompatibility should be investigated before using this material as a medical device with bactericidal potential.
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Barros J, Grenho L, Fontenente S, Manuel CM, Nunes OC, Melo LF, Monteiro FJ, Ferraz MP. Staphylococcus aureusandEscherichia colidual-species biofilms on nanohydroxyapatite loaded with CHX or ZnO nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:491-497. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Barros
- FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
| | - Liliana Grenho
- FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
| | - Sílvia Fontenente
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto; Portugal
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Departamento de Engenharia Química; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
| | - Cândida M. Manuel
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Departamento de Engenharia Química; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
- ULP-Universidade Lusófona do Porto; Portugal
| | - Olga C. Nunes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Departamento de Engenharia Química; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
| | - Luís F. Melo
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Departamento de Engenharia Química; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
| | - Fernando J. Monteiro
- FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica; Universidade do Porto; Portugal
| | - Maria P. Ferraz
- FP-ENAS/CEBIMED; University Fernando Pessoa Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit/Biomedical Research Center; Porto Portugal
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10
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Zeitz C, Faidt T, Grandthyll S, Hähl H, Thewes N, Spengler C, Schmauch J, Deckarm MJ, Gachot C, Natter H, Hannig M, Müller F, Jacobs K. Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite Substrates: Bridging the Gap between Model Surfaces and Enamel. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:25848-25855. [PMID: 27598387 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite substrates are common biomaterials, yet samples of natural teeth do not meet the demands for well-defined, highly reproducible properties. Pellets of hydroxyapatite were produced via the field assisted sintering technology (FAST) as well as via pressureless sintering (PLS). The applied synthesis routes provide samples of very high density (95%-99% of the crystallographic density) and of very low surface roughness (lower than 1 nm when averaged per 1 μm2). The chemical composition of the raw material (commercial HAP powder) as well as the crystalline structure is maintained by the sintering processes. These specimens can therefore be considered as promising model surfaces for studies on the interactions of biomaterial with surfaces of biological relevance, as demonstrated for the adsorption of BSA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University , 66421 Homburg, Germany
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Grenho L, Salgado CL, Fernandes MH, Monteiro FJ, Ferraz MP. Antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of three-dimensional nanostructured porous granules of hydroxyapatite and zinc oxide nanoparticles--an in vitro and in vivo study. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 26:315101. [PMID: 26180062 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/31/315101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ceramic scaffolds are widely studied in the bone tissue engineering field due to their potential in regenerative medicine. However, adhesion of microorganisms on biomaterials with subsequent formation of antibiotic-resistant biofilms is a critical factor in implant-related infections. Therefore, new strategies are needed to address this problem. In the present study, three-dimensional and interconnected porous granules of nanostructured hydroxyapatite (nanoHA) incorporated with different amounts of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were produced using a simple polymer sponge replication method. As in vitro experiments, granules were exposed to Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and, after 24 h, the planktonic and sessile populations were assessed. Cytocompatibility towards osteoblast-like cells (MG63 cell line) was also evaluated for a period of 1 and 3 days, through resazurin assay and imaging flow cytometry analysis. As in vivo experiments, nanoHA porous granules with and without ZnO nanoparticles were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue in rats and their inflammatory response after 3, 7 and 30 days was examined, as well as their antibacterial activity after 1 and 3 days of S. aureus inoculation. The developed composites proved to be especially effective at reducing bacterial activity in vitro and in vivo for a weight percentage of 2% ZnO, with a low cell growth inhibition in vitro and no differences in the connective tissue growth and inflammatory response in vivo. Altogether, these results suggest that nanoHA-ZnO porous granules have a great potential to be used in orthopaedic and dental applications as a template for bone regeneration and, simultaneously, to restrain biomaterial-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Grenho
- Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e Materiais, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n 4200-465 Porto, Portugal. i3s-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal. INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal
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Barros J, Grenho L, Fernandes M, Manuel C, Melo L, Nunes O, Monteiro F, Ferraz M. Anti-sessile bacterial and cytocompatibility properties of CHX-loaded nanohydroxyapatite. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 130:305-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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13
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Coelho CC, Sousa SR, Monteiro FJ. Heparinized nanohydroxyapatite/collagen granules for controlled release of vancomycin. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 103:3128-38. [PMID: 25778540 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a bone substitute material capable of preventing or treating osteomyelitis through a sustainable release of vancomycin and simultaneously inducing bone regeneration. Porous heparinized nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHA)/collagen granules were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, micro-computed tomography and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. After vancomycin adsorption onto the granules, its releasing profile was studied by UV molecular absorption spectroscopy. The heparinized granules presented a more sustainable release over time, in comparison with nonheparinized nanoHA and nanoHA/collagen granules. Vancomycin was released for 360 h and proved to be bioactive until 216 h. Staphylococcus aureus adhesion was higher on granules containing collagen, guiding the bacteria to the material with antibiotic, improving their eradication. Moreover, cytotoxicity of the released vancomycin was assessed using osteoblast cultures, and after 14 days of culture in the presence of vancomycin, cells were able to remain viable, increasing their metabolic activity and colonizing the granules, as observed by scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy. These findings suggest that heparinized nanoHA/collagen granules are a promising material to improve the treatment of osteomyelitis, as they are capable of releasing vancomycin, eliminating the bacteria, and presented morphological and chemical characteristics to induce bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina C Coelho
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4099-002, Portugal.,INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Divisão de Biomateriais, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto, 4150-180, Portugal.,Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Universidade do Porto, Rua Roberto Frias S/N, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal
| | - Susana R Sousa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4099-002, Portugal.,INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Divisão de Biomateriais, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto, 4150-180, Portugal.,REQUIMTE, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr, António Bernardino de Almeida 431, Porto, 4200-072, Portugal
| | - Fernando J Monteiro
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4099-002, Portugal.,INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Divisão de Biomateriais, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, Porto, 4150-180, Portugal.,Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Universidade do Porto, Rua Roberto Frias S/N, Porto, 4200-465, Portugal
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Grenho L, Barros J, Ferreira C, Santos VR, Monteiro FJ, Ferraz MP, Cortes ME. In vitroantimicrobial activity and biocompatibility of propolis containing nanohydroxyapatite. Biomed Mater 2015; 10:025004. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/10/2/025004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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