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Čatipović M, Puharić Z, Puharić D, Čatipović P, Grgurić J. Behaviour, Attitudes and Knowledge of Healthcare Workers on Breastfeeding. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:1173. [PMID: 36010063 PMCID: PMC9406792 DOI: 10.3390/children9081173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to determine the current state of behavior, attitudes, and knowledge of health professionals about breastfeeding in Croatia. Data were collected via a breastfeeding behavior, attitudes, and knowledge questionnaire, which has already been validated and used in Croatia. The secondary aim is to identify differences in outcomes of respondents by occupation (nurses versus others health professionals). In the study, 374 health professionals participated (37 males and 337 females). Respondents completed the questionnaire online. Respondents were rarely involved in breastfeeding education. On the behavior scale, the worst answer was given to the question of advising mothers on breastfeeding after 24 months. On the attitude scale, the worst result was achieved in terms of public breastfeeding and the support of the child's father for the breastfeeding mother. Respondents demonstrated the worst knowledge of The International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and the use of medications while breastfeeding. There was no statistically significant difference between the results of respondents in relation to the occupation of the respondents. In the preparation of future breastfeeding education for health professionals in Croatia, particular attention should be given to these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Čatipović
- Department of Nursing, Bjelovar University of Applied Sciences, TrgE.Kvaternika 4, 43000 Bjelovar, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Puharić
- Department of Nursing, Bjelovar University of Applied Sciences, TrgE.Kvaternika 4, 43000 Bjelovar, Croatia
| | - Drita Puharić
- Specialist Gynecological Practice Marija Divić, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Newell C, Sandoz E, Tyndall I. A Pilot Study of the Impact of Brief Exposure to Images of Breastfeeding Mothers on Attitudes Toward Mother's Breastfeeding in Public. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2022; 37:185-190. [PMID: 33019836 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2020.1830511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The wider societal attitudes held toward mothers' breastfeeding in public seem to impact infant feeding choices. The present study employed an online (N = 396) experimental pretest-posttest design set to examine whether a mere exposure effect of briefly viewing and rating the valence of four different images of public breastfeeding (i.e., mother and baby alone, females in background, males in background, and females and males in background) would impact on participants' attitudes toward a mother breastfeeding in public. There was a marginal increase in the positive attitudes toward public breastfeeding at Time 2 when compared with Time 1 following exposure to the four images. These findings support a potential positive mere exposure effect in enhancing attitudes toward breastfeeding in public. This suggests a greater use of promotional material using visual stimuli may improve societal acceptance of breastfeeding in public.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Sandoz
- Department of Psychology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette
| | - Ian Tyndall
- Department of Psychology, University of Chichester
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3
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Efrat M. Exploring the Impact of Offering an Undergraduate Lactation Elective Course as a Strategy for Normalizing Breastfeeding. CLINICAL LACTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1891/clinlact-d-20-00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundMore breastfeeding interventions targeting female and male undergraduates before they become parents are needed to foster accurate breastfeeding knowledge, positive attitudes toward breastfeeding, and a greater intent to breastfeed. This study aimed to assess the impact of completing a lactation elective course on undergraduates' breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and intention.MethodsPre- and postcourse surveys were administered to 96 undergraduates from various majors enrolled in a lactation elective.ResultsFrom pre- to postcourse, this study found significant increases in undergraduates' breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and intent.ConclusionsBecause most undergraduates in the United States become parents only after graduation, universities have an opportunity to foster the knowledge and attitudes needed to breastfeed successfully. As breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes in men and women are strong predictors of breastfeeding intent, initiation, and duration, offering undergraduate lactation elective courses is a promising strategy to improve future parents' breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and intention, helping to normalize breastfeeding and improve breastfeeding rates.
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Capponi I, Roland F. Relationship between emotional labelling of breastfeeding situation and intention to breastfeed/support breastfeeding among French adolescents and young people. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-019-01037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Alkazemi DU, Jackson R. Breastfeeding exposure is associated with better knowledge of and attitudes toward BF in Kuwaiti women. BMJ Nutr Prev Health 2019; 2:100-109. [PMID: 33235964 PMCID: PMC7664495 DOI: 10.1136/bmjnph-2019-000027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Breastfeeding (BF) has many benefits for both infants and mothers. However, despite evidence in support of BF, its prevalence has remained low in Kuwait. The purpose of this study was to (1) assess and describe BF attitudes and knowledge among women at a college campus; (2) evaluate BF exposures and sociodemographic factors associated with attitudes toward BF; (3) determine the association between BF knowledge and attitudes. Materials and methods This survey was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from February to April 2016. A convenience sample of 330 women (students, faculty and staff) from the College of Life Sciences (CLS) at Kuwait University participated in the survey. Results Most of the participants respected women who breast fed (81.8%). Some participants believed that BF a baby is painful (43.3%), makes the breasts sag (35.8%), and restricts the mothers’ freedom (51.5%). Additionally, 47.6% of the participants reported that they would feel embarrassed if they saw a woman BF her baby. Acceptability of BF in public was low and most participants preferred BF only around friends and family (52.4%). A statistically significant positive association was observed between BF knowledge and attitudes (R2=6.5%, p<0.001); however, the relationship was not independent and was also associated with nationality and having been breast fed as a baby (R2=10.3%, p=0.021). Conclusion BF knowledge is important to encourage positive BF attitudes, and both are enforced with family values and practice across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberts Jackson
- Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Chan K, Whitfield KC. Exploring Breastfeeding Knowledge and Attitudes among Noncaregivers: A Narrative Review. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2019; 81:97-104. [PMID: 31736323 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2019-029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Exclusive breastfeeding to 6 months with continued breastfeeding up to 2 years and beyond are well-established infant feeding recommendations based on evidence that breastfeeding has unparalleled maternal and infant health benefits as well as environmental and economic benefits. As with many high-income countries, breastfeeding rates remain suboptimal with only a quarter of Canadian and European infants receiving breast milk exclusively for the first 6 months. Breastfeeding promotion efforts have largely targeted caregivers in the prenatal and postnatal period; however, breastfeeding outcomes have been shown to be associated with broader sociocultural factors. Noncaregivers play an influential role in infant feeding at both an individual level (e.g., cues and input from health care practitioners and caregivers' social networks; as future parents) as well as a broader population level (sociocultural norms and policy decisions). This paper outlines recent research on breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes of noncaregivers by population subgroup. Positive correlations have been identified between breastfeeding attitudes, infant feeding knowledge, breastfeeding exposure, and breastfeeding intention among different subgroups; however, key knowledge gaps, lack of exposure to breastfeeding, and negative public perceptions of breastfeeding persist. Dietitians can advocate for breastfeeding promotion strategies that consider the role of noncaregivers to address sociocultural norms around breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Chan
- Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS.,Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS
| | - Kyly C Whitfield
- Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS.,Department of Applied Human Nutrition, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, NS
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Foss KA, Blake K. "It's natural and healthy, but I don't want to see it": Using Entertainment-Education to Improve Attitudes Toward Breastfeeding in Public. HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2019; 34:919-930. [PMID: 29474130 DOI: 10.1080/10410236.2018.1440506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
While it has been well established that breastfeeding provides the best nourishment for children, few women achieve the recommended breastfeeding duration. Negative media messages have been identified as one explanation for the lack of individual and public support for breastfeeding. This study explored the influence of media on the knowledge and attitudes of a nearly childless population to ascertain if and how entertainment media can positively impact perceptions of breastfeeding. Using cultivation and parasocial interaction, this research measured entertainment television's effect on breastfeeding attitudes using randomized-group experiments involving 375 students. Overall, participants generally held positive attitudes but were uncomfortable seeing breastfeeding. Moreover, results indicate that viewing a prime-time television clip that depicted public breastfeeding not only significantly lessened the extent to which participants believed that breastfeeding was a private activity but also improved attitudes and support for breastfeeding in public. This study concludes that more pro-breastfeeding media messages in entertainment media could help create a climate conducive to breastfeeding success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ken Blake
- a School of Journalism , Middle Tennessee State University
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Mostafa OA, Salem MR, Badr AM. Effect of an educational intervention on breastfeeding knowledge and attitude among interns at Cairo University Hospital. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2019; 94:19. [PMID: 32813177 PMCID: PMC7364691 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-019-0020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Professional advice provided to mothers has an effective role on the prevalence and duration of breastfeeding. Previous studies showed that health care providers had defective knowledge and skills necessary to promote and support breastfeeding. AIM To assess breastfeeding-related knowledge and attitude among interns at Cairo University Hospital, before and after the provision of breastfeeding educational training sessions. MATERIALS AND METHODS The first phase was a cross-sectional study, conducted in Cairo University Hospital (Kasr Al Ainy) among 137 interns. The second phase was a pre-post interventional design. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to explore breastfeeding-related knowledge and attitude before, immediately after, and 3 months after breastfeeding educational sessions. RESULTS Participants' mean age was 23.7 ± 0.81, (range 22-27 years), with equally distributed males and females. The median total knowledge percent score was 56.4 (45.2-64.5). The highest median subtotal knowledge percent score was for effective feeding 100 (100-100), and the least median was for breast milk expression 20 (0:40). Participants' knowledge improved after the educational intervention: The subtotal knowledge scores showed a statistically significant improvement immediately after and 3 months after the intervention in the following items: advantages for the baby, colostrum, duration, complementary feeding, and breast milk expression. The median total attitude percent score was 80 (74.1-83.5) and significantly improved immediately after the intervention. CONCLUSION Baseline knowledge and attitude scores among interns significantly improved after the intervention. Therefore, adoption of different curricular and extracurricular activities to improve breastfeeding knowledge and skills is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola A. Mostafa
- 0000 0004 0639 9286grid.7776.1Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box: 109, El Malek El Saleh, Cairo, 11559 Egypt
| | - Marwa R. Salem
- 0000 0004 0639 9286grid.7776.1Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box: 109, El Malek El Saleh, Cairo, 11559 Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Badr
- 0000 0004 0639 9286grid.7776.1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box: 109, El Malek El Saleh, Cairo, 11559 Egypt
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Harillo-Acevedo D, Ramos-Morcillo AJ, Ruzafa-Martinez M. Factors associated with breastfeeding support from health care professionals by implementing a Clinical Practice Guideline. Birth 2019; 46:146-156. [PMID: 30051575 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence and duration of breastfeeding are at low levels and may be improved by the support of health care professionals. Our objective was to determine the effect of implementing a breastfeeding clinical practice guideline on factors associated with breastfeeding support by health care professionals, adopting a Theory of Planned Behavior approach. METHODS We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study during 2016 in a health area with implemented clinical practice guideline on breastfeeding, comparing the results with data from a previous cross-sectional study (2011) in the same area, in a standard-care area, and in a Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)-accredited area. A validated questionnaire (four scales: attitudes, beliefs, subjective norms, and behavioral intention) was completed by professionals in each area. Descriptive analysis was followed by comparisons among the different settings using the chi-square test. RESULTS In the area with the implemented clinical practice guideline, the professionals scored significantly higher in subjective norms and beliefs than had been recorded in 2011 (preimplementation), and their scores for all four scales were significantly higher than in the standard-care area. Professionals obtained significantly higher scores for subjective norms in the BFHI-accredited area than in the other settings. CONCLUSIONS Clinical practice guideline implementation improved the responses of professionals on breastfeeding support in subjective norms and beliefs scales. There is a need for activities to assist breastfeeding in a practical manner and for more effective measures to ensure compliance with the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes.
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Ben Natan M, Haikin T, Wiesel R. Breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, intentions, and perception of support from educational institutions among nursing students and students from other faculties: A descriptive cross-sectional study. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2018; 68:66-70. [PMID: 29886287 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing education aims to promote positive health practices among the general population as well as among nurses themselves. Breastfeeding is one of these important health practices. However, to date there is little evidence regarding the extent to which nursing education affects nursing students' attitudes, knowledge, intentions, and their perception of institutional support regarding breastfeeding. OBJECTIVES To compare breastfeeding attitudes and knowledge among nursing students and students from other faculties, as well as their perception of their academic institution's support for breastfeeding, and to explore the association between these factors and students' intention to breastfeed during the course of their studies. DESIGN This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTINGS The study was conducted at a large university in central Israel. PARTICIPANTS One hundred female students from the faculty of nursing and 100 female students from other faculties, of childbearing age, who were either pregnant or mothers. METHODS The students completed a questionnaire regarding their breastfeeding knowledge, intentions, attitudes, and their perception of their academic institution's support for breastfeeding. RESULTS Nursing students' level of breastfeeding knowledge was very high, and higher than that among students from other faculties. However, both groups had similar moderately positive overall scores for attitudes towards breastfeeding. In addition, both groups expressed similar moderate intentions to breastfeed during the course of their studies. Students' perception of their academic faculty as supportive of breastfeeding, their breastfeeding attitudes, and breastfeeding knowledge, were found to predict their intention to breastfeed during the course of their studies. CONCLUSIONS Nursing programs should place more emphasis on improving nursing students' attitudes towards breastfeeding. In order to promote breastfeeding among students during their studies, it is important to ensure a pro-breastfeeding environment on campus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merav Ben Natan
- Pat Matthews Academic School of Nursing, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel; Department of Nursing, School of Health Professions, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
| | - Tali Haikin
- Pat Matthews Academic School of Nursing, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
| | - Rosa Wiesel
- Pat Matthews Academic School of Nursing, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
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Cotelo MDCS, Movilla-Fernández MJ, Pita-García P, Novío S. Infant Feeding Attitudes and Practices of Spanish Low-Risk Expectant Women Using the IIFAS (Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale). Nutrients 2018; 10:E520. [PMID: 29690542 PMCID: PMC5946305 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) has been shown to have good psychometric properties for English-speaking populations, but it has not been validated among low-risk pregnant women in Spain. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the translated version of the IIFAS in order to examine infant feeding attitudes in Spanish women with an uncomplicated pregnancy. Low-risk expectant women (n = 297) were recruited from eight primary public health care centres in Galicia (Spain). Questionnaires including both socio-demographic and breastfeeding characteristics and items about infant feeding were administered during the third trimester. Participants were contacted by telephone during the postpartum period to obtain information regarding their infant feeding status. Prediction validity and internal consistency were assessed. The translated IIFAS (69.76 ± 7.75), which had good psychometric properties (Cronbach's alpha = 0.785; area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve = 0.841, CI95% = 0.735⁻0.948), showed more positive attitudes towards breastfeeding than towards formula feeding, especially among mothers who intended to exclusively breastfeed. This scale was also useful for inferring the intent to breastfeed and duration of breastfeeding. This study provides evidence that the IIFAS is a reliable and valid tool for assessing infant feeding attitudes in Spanish women with an uncomplicated pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Carmen Suárez Cotelo
- Research Group GRINCAR, Obstetrics Department, Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, C/Clara Campoamor, 341, 36312 Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Movilla-Fernández
- Research Group GRINCAR, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of A Coruña, Campus de Esteiro, C/ Naturalista López Seoane, s/n (esquina San Ramón), 15403 Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Paula Pita-García
- Obstetrics Department, Hospital Arquitecto Marcide-Novoa Santos, Avda. de la Residencia s/n, 15405 Ferrol, A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Silvia Novío
- Department of Psychiatry, Radiology, Public Health, Nursing and Medicine; Faculty of Nursing, University of Santiago de Compostela, C/San Francisco, s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain.
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Nguyen T, Dennison BA, Fan W, Xu C, Birkhead GS. Variation in Formula Supplementation of Breastfed Newborn Infants in New York Hospitals. Pediatrics 2017; 140:peds.2017-0142. [PMID: 28759408 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined the variation between 126 New York hospitals in formula supplementation among breastfed infants after adjusting for socioeconomic, maternal, and infant factors and stratifying by level of perinatal care. METHODS We used 2014 birth certificate data for 160 911 breastfed infants to calculate hospital-specific formula supplementation percentages by using multivariable hierarchical logistic regression models. RESULTS Formula supplementation percentages varied widely among hospitals, from 2.3% to 98.3%, and was lower among level 1 hospitals (18.2%) than higher-level hospitals (50.6%-57.0%). Significant disparities in supplementation were noted for race and ethnicity (adjusted odds ratios [aORs] were 1.54-2.05 for African Americans, 1.85-2.74 for Asian Americans, and 1.25-2.16 for Hispanics, compared with whites), maternal education (aORs were 2.01-2.95 for ≤12th grade, 1.74-1.85 for high school or general education development, and 1.18-1.28 for some college or a college degree, compared with a Master's degree), and insurance coverage (aOR was 1.27-1.60 for Medicaid insurance versus other). Formula supplementation was higher among mothers who smoked, had a cesarean delivery, or diabetes. At all 4 levels of perinatal care, there were exemplar hospitals that met the HealthyPeople 2020 supplementation goal of ≤14.2%. After adjusting for individual risk factors, the hospital-specific, risk-adjusted supplemental formula percentages still revealed a wide variation. CONCLUSIONS A better understanding of the exemplar hospitals could inform future efforts to improve maternity care practices and breastfeeding support to reduce unnecessary formula supplementation, reduce disparities, increase exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding duration, and improve maternal and child health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Nguyen
- New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York; and .,School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Barbara A Dennison
- New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York; and.,School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York
| | - Wei Fan
- New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York; and
| | - Changning Xu
- New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York; and
| | - Guthrie S Birkhead
- School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, New York
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Jefferson UT. Breastfeeding Exposure, Attitudes, and Intentions of African American and Caucasian College Students. J Hum Lact 2017; 33:149-156. [PMID: 28135485 DOI: 10.1177/0890334416679384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND African American mothers lag behind in breastfeeding initiation. Research is needed to gain an understanding of potential reasons for breastfeeding disparities. Research aim: This study explored breastfeeding exposure, attitudes, and intentions of African American and Caucasian college students by race and gender. METHODS Women and men (696) attending college, who were younger than 45 years and without children, were included in this study. Survey data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale. RESULTS Overall, students demonstrated favorable attitudes regarding breastfeeding but viewed formula feeding as more practical. Students who were Caucasian and female and experienced breastfeeding exposure demonstrated higher breastfeeding attitudes and intent. Breastfeeding exposure and attitudes contributed 32% of the variance in breastfeeding intentions. The odds of experiencing breastfeeding exposure and positive breastfeeding attitudes were approximately 3 times higher for Caucasian students than for African American students. CONCLUSION External factors demonstrated a stronger association with breastfeeding intentions. The link with race and gender appears to operate through their effect on attitudes and exposure. More research is needed to identify strategies to improve breastfeeding exposure and attitudes among African Americans.
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Magnusson BM, Thackeray CR, Van Wagenen SA, Davis SF, Richards R, Merrill RM. Perceptions of Public Breastfeeding Images and Their Association With Breastfeeding Knowledge and Attitudes Among an Internet Panel of Men Ages 21-44 in the United States. J Hum Lact 2017; 33:157-164. [PMID: 28061143 DOI: 10.1177/0890334416682002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men's attitudes toward public breastfeeding may influence a woman's decisions about breastfeeding and her perceived comfort with public breastfeeding. Research aim: This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with men's visual perception of images of public breastfeeding. METHODS A 95-item online survey was administered to 502 U.S. men ages 21 to 44. Respondents were presented with four images of women breastfeeding and asked to evaluate agreement with 15 adjectives describing each image. Based on factor analysis, 13 of these adjectives were combined to create the Breastfeeding Images Scale for each image. An 8-item Situational Statements Scale and the 17-item Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) were used to assess breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes. Multiple regression was used to evaluate the association between breastfeeding attitudes and knowledge and the Breastfeeding Images Scale. RESULTS The image depicting a woman breastfeeding privately at home had the highest mean score of 71.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) [70.69, 73.22], on the Breastfeeding Images Scale, compared with 61.93, 95% CI [60.51, 63.36], for the image of a woman breastfeeding in a public setting. The overall mean scale score for the IIFAS was 56.99, 95% CI [56.27, 57.70], and for the Situational Statements Scale was 28.80, 95% CI [27.92, 29.69]. For all images, increasing breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes measured by the IIFAS and the Situational Statements Scale were associated with a more positive perception of the image. CONCLUSION Images of public breastfeeding are viewed less favorably by men in the sample than are images of private breastfeeding. Knowledge and attitudes toward breastfeeding are positively associated with perception of breastfeeding images.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Callie R Thackeray
- 1 Department of Health Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | | | - Siena F Davis
- 1 Department of Health Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Rickelle Richards
- 2 Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Ray M Merrill
- 1 Department of Health Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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Casal CS, Lei A, Young SL, Tuthill EL. A Critical Review of Instruments Measuring Breastfeeding Attitudes, Knowledge, and Social Support. J Hum Lact 2017; 33:21-47. [PMID: 28135474 PMCID: PMC6377936 DOI: 10.1177/0890334416677029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding provides beneficial health outcomes for infants and their mothers, and increasing its practice is a national priority in many countries. Despite increasing support to exclusively breastfeed, the prevalence at 6 months remains low. Breastfeeding behavior is influenced by a myriad of determinants, including breastfeeding attitudes, knowledge, and social support. Effective measurement of these determinants is critical to provide optimal support for women throughout the breastfeeding period. However, there are a multitude of available instruments measuring these constructs, which makes identification of an appropriate instrument challenging. Research aim: Our aim was to identify and critically examine the existing instruments measuring breastfeeding attitudes, knowledge, and social support. METHODS A total of 16 instruments was identified. Each instrument's purpose, theoretical underpinnings, and validity were analyzed. RESULTS An overview, validation and adaptation for use in other settings was assessed for each instrument. Depth of reporting and validation testing differed greatly between instruments. CONCLUSION Content, construct, and predictive validity were present for most but not all scales. When selecting and adapting instruments, attention should be paid to domains within the scale, number of items, and adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrine S Casal
- 1 Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ann Lei
- 1 Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Sera L Young
- 1 Department of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,2 Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Emily L Tuthill
- 3 School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Abstract
A return to work and school presents mothers with barriers to breastfeeding. Concerns include negative attitudes toward breastfeeding, scheduling and break-time, and appropriate, private space. Current federal laws require worksite support and provision of adequate accommodations for lactation purposes, as do some state laws. An evaluation of faculty, staff, and students (N = 510) at a large public university, assessed breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and support following the implementation of new mother-friendly policies and lactation rooms. Additionally, awareness of the lactation rooms and university policies were assessed. Overall, the university climate reflected high breastfeeding knowledge and positive attitudes. Employees had higher awareness of the new lactation facilities and university policies than did students. Implementation limitations were a need for education and awareness efforts targeted to students. Future directions for worksites and schools are addressed.
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Tamim H, Ghandour LA, Shamsedine L, Charafeddine L, Nasser F, Khalil Y, Nabulsi M. Adaptation and Validation of the Arabic Version of the Infant Breastfeeding Knowledge Questionnaire among Lebanese Women. J Hum Lact 2016; 32:682-688. [PMID: 27565201 DOI: 10.1177/0890334416663474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Valid instruments that can reliably assess maternal breastfeeding knowledge in Arabic-speaking populations are nonexistent. The availability of such an instrument is essential for investigators working in this field. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the adaptation and validation of the Arabic Breastfeeding Knowledge Questionnaire (BFK-A) from the original 20-item English version. METHODS A translated version of the 20-item BFK was validated among 417 Lebanese women after pilot testing for clarity, comprehension, length, and cultural appropriateness. Exploratory factor analysis was run to examine dimensionality of the instrument and Kuder-Richardson-20 (KR-20) was used to assess its internal consistency. RESULTS The BFK-A is a unidimensional scale with acceptable internal consistency reliability (KR-20 = 0.652) after the exclusion of 4 items. Higher breastfeeding knowledge levels were strongly and statistically significantly associated with higher mean scores for the validated Arabic Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale ( P < .001), thus confirming its construct validity. CONCLUSION The Arabic 16-item BFK-A has an acceptable reliability, similar to the original instrument. Further studies are encouraged to confirm the validity of the 16-item BFK-A among other Arab populations. There is also a need to develop more reliable instruments to use in lactation research in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Tamim
- 1 Clinical Research Institute, Biostatistics Unit, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lilian A Ghandour
- 2 Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lama Shamsedine
- 3 Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lama Charafeddine
- 3 Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fatima Nasser
- 3 Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Yvette Khalil
- 3 Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mona Nabulsi
- 3 Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Austen EL, Dignam J, Hauf P. Using breastfeeding images to promote breastfeeding among young adults. Health Psychol Open 2016; 3:2055102916671015. [PMID: 35223072 PMCID: PMC8864535 DOI: 10.1177/2055102916671015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Young adults’ reactions to breastfeeding images were assessed using
varied approaches. In Study 1, participants viewed posters from a
breastfeeding campaign; many anticipated negative reaction to the
campaign. In Study 2, participants viewed novel infant-feeding
posters; breastfeeding posters were viewed for less time than
bottle-feeding posters, regardless of the task assigned. In Study 3,
participants were asked to rate their comfort level viewing
infant-feeding images; greater discomfort was reported for
breastfeeding images. Taken together, we argue that many young adults
expect, and experience, discomfort viewing breastfeeding, but it is
important to continue using breastfeeding images in promotion
efforts.
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Twells LK, Midodzi WK, Ludlow V, Murphy-Goodridge J, Burrage L, Gill N, Halfyard B, Schiff R, Newhook LA. Assessing Infant Feeding Attitudes of Expectant Women in a Provincial Population in Canada: Validation of the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale. J Hum Lact 2016; 32:NP9-NP18. [PMID: 25425631 DOI: 10.1177/0890334414559647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal attitudes to infant feeding are predictive of intent and initiation of breastfeeding. OBJECTIVES The Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) has not been validated in the Canadian population. This study was conducted in Newfoundland and Labrador, a Canadian province with low breastfeeding rates. Objectives were to assess the reliability and validity of the IIFAS in expectant mothers; to compare attitudes to infant feeding in urban and rural areas; and to examine whether attitudes are associated with intent to breastfeed. METHODS The IIFAS assessment tool was administered to 793 pregnant women. Differences in the total IIFAS scores were compared between urban and rural areas. Reliability and validity analysis was conducted on the IIFAS. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) of the IIFAS was assessed against mother's intent to breastfeed. RESULTS The mean ± SD of the total IIFAS score of the overall sample was 64.0 ± 10.4. There were no significant differences in attitudes between urban (63.9 ± 10.5) and rural (64.4 ± 9.9) populations. There were significant differences in total IIFAS scores between women who intend to breastfeed (67.3 ± 8.3) and those who do not (51.6 ± 7.7), regardless of population region. The high value of the area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC (AUC = 0.92) demonstrates excellent ability of the IIFAS to predict intent to breastfeed. The internal consistency of the IIFAS was strong, with a Cronbach's alpha greater than .80 in the overall sample. CONCLUSION The IIFAS examined in this provincial population provides a valid and reliable assessment of maternal attitudes toward infant feeding. This tool could be used to identify mothers less likely to breastfeed and to inform health promotion programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie K Twells
- School of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - William K Midodzi
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Valerie Ludlow
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Janet Murphy-Goodridge
- Perinatal Program NL, Janeway Children's Health & Rehabilitation Centre, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Lorraine Burrage
- Perinatal Program NL, Janeway Children's Health & Rehabilitation Centre, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Nicole Gill
- Research and Evaluation, Newfoundland and Labrador Centre for Health Information, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Beth Halfyard
- Research and Evaluation, Newfoundland and Labrador Centre for Health Information, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Rebecca Schiff
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Leigh Anne Newhook
- Janeway Pediatric Research Unit, Discipline of Pediatrics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
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Morris C, Zaraté de la Fuente GA, Williams CET, Hirst C. UK Views toward Breastfeeding in Public: An Analysis of the Public's Response to the Claridge's Incident. J Hum Lact 2016; 32:472-80. [PMID: 27193432 DOI: 10.1177/0890334416648934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The embarrassment that UK mothers experience when breastfeeding in public has often been cited as a key factor in the decision of the mother to discontinue breastfeeding. There is convincing evidence that many UK residents are not comfortable with women breastfeeding in public; however, little is known about the underlying reasons for this discomfort. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess views on breastfeeding in public in the United Kingdom and to understand why some UK residents object to this practice. METHODS The comments sections of news media websites and parenting forums were systematically identified and reviewed for statements made in response to an incident widely reported in the British press: a woman was asked to cover up while breastfeeding in public at Claridge's, a London luxury hotel. Of these, 805 comments (73 108 words) met the inclusion criteria and were thematically analyzed. RESULTS The majority of commenters were supportive of "discreet" breastfeeding in public, but a significant portion felt that breastfeeding in public is always inappropriate. Sexualization of the breast was mainly evoked as something others may experience while viewing a breastfeeding mother, rather than to reflect the commenters' own views. Common justifications cited against breastfeeding in public were onlookers' embarrassment (not knowing where to look) and disgust (at bodily fluids and/or functions). CONCLUSION Campaigns portraying breastfeeding in public as normal and desirable with a focus on human milk as food rather than a bodily fluid may improve societal acceptance of breastfeeding in public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecile Morris
- Food and Nutrition Group, Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Claire E T Williams
- Food and Nutrition Group, Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Craig Hirst
- Food and Nutrition Group, Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
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Van Wagenen SA, Magnusson BM, Neiger BL. Attitudes Toward Breastfeeding Among an Internet Panel of U.S. Males Aged 21-44. Matern Child Health J 2016; 19:2020-8. [PMID: 25652065 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-015-1714-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lack of familial support, particularly from fathers or partners, has been identified by the U.S. Surgeon General as a barrier to breastfeeding. Although partners have been identified as an important source of breastfeeding support, research on U.S. men's knowledge about and attitudes towards breastfeeding is limited. An internet panel survey of 502 U.S. males aged 21-44 years was conducted. It included the 17-item Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS), a series of questions assessing prior exposure to breastfeeding and demographic questions. Frequencies, proportions and means were calculated and analysis of variance used to test differences in the mean IIFAS scale score across demographic groups. A multiple linear regression model was used to identify predictors of IIFAS score. The sample was largely white, non-Hispanic (65.7%), college educated (44.4%) and married (47%). The mean IIFAS score was 57 (SD = 8.13; range 25-84). In the adjusted regression model, being white, non-Hispanic, having a college education, having siblings who were breastfed and observing ten or more different women breastfeeding were significantly associated with higher IIFAS scores. In a sample of U.S. men of reproductive age, breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes as measured by the IIFAS are neutral. Race, education, and exposure to breastfeeding are important predictors of breastfeeding attitudes in males as measured by the IIFAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Van Wagenen
- Department of Health Science, College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, 4103 LSB, Provo, UT, 84602, USA,
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Ho YJ, McGrath JM. Effectiveness of a Breastfeeding Intervention on Knowledge and Attitudes Among High School Students in Taiwan. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2016; 45:71-7. [PMID: 26815800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention on the breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes of female high school students living in Taiwan. DESIGN A prospective, two-group, quasi-experimental, repeated measure design. SETTING A high school in Taichung, Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS Two hundred four female high school students. METHODS Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire at baseline, after the intervention, and 1 month later. After administration of the questionnaire at baseline, the experimental group (n = 103) received a 30-minute breastfeeding education; the control group (n = 101) did not. RESULTS Findings showed that students in the experimental group had significantly greater breastfeeding knowledge immediately after the intervention and at 1 month postintervention. Also, compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly greater positive breastfeeding attitudes after the intervention period, and the effect lasted at least 1 month. CONCLUSIONS Breastfeeding interventions in schools improve adolescents' knowledge and attitudes. School nurses are well positioned to promote breastfeeding as a healthy lifestyle behavior within the school setting.
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Hamade H, Naja F, Keyrouz S, Hwalla N, Karam J, Al-Rustom L, Nasreddine L. Breastfeeding knowledge, attitude, perceived behavior, and intention among female undergraduate university students in the Middle East: the case of Lebanon and Syria. Food Nutr Bull 2014; 35:179-90. [PMID: 25076765 DOI: 10.1177/156482651403500204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Middle East has one of the lowest rates of exclusive breastfeeding in the world, highlighting the need to promote breastfeeding in this region. Young adults represent a key population of interest, since decisions about infant-feeding appear to be made before children are even conceived. OBJECTIVE To examine breastfeeding knowledge, attitude, and perceived behavior among female undergraduate students in Lebanon and Syria and determine factors associated with intention to breastfeed in this population. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2010/11 in Damascus and Beirut. Four universities were selected in each city. A multicomponent questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of participants (n = 194 from Beirut and n = 199 from Damascus). The questionnaire included breastfeeding knowledge (measured by the Infant Feeding Knowledge Test Form), attitude (Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale), perceived behavior (Breastfeeding Behavior Questionnaire), and intention (Infant Feeding Intention Scale). Factors associated with intention to breastfeed were examined by multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS The participants had an average breastfeeding knowledge level (mean score, 10.39 +/- 2.09) and neutral perceived behavior (mean score, 22.00 +/- 3.68), while having relatively positive attitudes (mean score, 58.12 +/- 6.49). Knowledge gaps and negative perceptions were identified, particularly linked to breastfeeding in public and among working mothers. Breastfeeding intention was found to be significantly associated with knowledge and attitude in Lebanon (beta = 0.103 and beta = 0.230, respectively), and with perceived behavior in Syria (beta = -0.135). CONCLUSIONS By revealing specific knowledge gaps and misconceptions and identifying country-specific disparities in the predictors of the intention to breastfeed, the findings of this study may provide a basis for devising culture-specific interventions aimed at promoting breastfeeding.
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Lou Z, Zeng G, Orme JG, Huang L, Liu F, Pang X, Kavanagh KF. Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitudes, and Intention in a Sample of Undergraduate Students in Mainland China. J Hum Lact 2014; 30:331-339. [PMID: 24626524 DOI: 10.1177/0890334414526058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high breastfeeding initiation rate in China (> 90%), the low exclusivity rate is of concern. Some traditional behaviors, combined with increasing popularity of infant formula, may negatively affect future breastfeeding rates. As suggested by the theory of planned behavior, understanding breastfeeding beliefs of young adults may help identify and address misperceptions of future parents, supporting maintenance of the current initiation rate while increasing rates of exclusivity and duration. No research has evaluated these factors among young adults in Mainland China. OBJECTIVE The objective was to explore any relationships between breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, previous experiences, and future intention among undergraduate students in Mainland China. METHODS This was a cross-sectional, quantitative study conducted from May to June 2012. A convenience sample of 395 students from a major public university in southwest China participated in the survey. RESULTS Breastfeeding knowledge was moderate (76.7% of total score), and breastfeeding was considered to be painful (34.2%), to make breasts sag (43.1%), and to restrict the freedom of mothers (52.5%). In addition, 58.2% of students reported that they would feel embarrassed if they or their partners were to breastfeed in public, and acceptability of breastfeeding in public was low (34.7%). Three-fourths of the students (75.1%) expressed future breastfeeding intent, though males were more likely to report this intention (ie, to support a partner in breastfeeding) than were females (81.3% vs 71.7%, P = .04). CONCLUSION To create a more breastfeeding-friendly culture, future research is warranted to explore these negative beliefs about breastfeeding and to counter misunderstandings among future parents in Mainland China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Lou
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Guo Zeng
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - John G Orme
- College of Social Work, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Lujiao Huang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Liu
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuehong Pang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Ishak S, Adzan NAM, Quan LK, Shafie MH, Rani NA, Ramli KG. Knowledge and beliefs about breastfeeding are not determinants for successful breastfeeding. Breastfeed Med 2014; 9:308-12. [PMID: 24893127 PMCID: PMC4074751 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2013.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A cross-sectional prospective study was performed to assess knowledge and attitude toward breastfeeding among mothers in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia and its influence on their breastfeeding practices. Two hundred thirteen women who had delivered healthy babies at term were enrolled. A structured questionnaire containing demographic data and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Score were used, followed by a telephone interview after 8 weeks to determine the feeding outcome. Women of Malay ethnicity with higher education level who had received breastfeeding counseling had a significantly more favorable attitude toward breastfeeding. Ethnicity was found to be a significant determinant in the success of breastfeeding, whereas returning to work was a major reason for discontinuing breastfeeding. In ensuring a successful breastfeeding practice, apart from knowledge and attitude, issues surrounding culture and traditions as well as improving deliverance of readily available support should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shareena Ishak
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Newby R, Brodribb W, Ware RS, Davies PSW. Infant feeding knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs predict antenatal intention among first-time mothers in Queensland. Breastfeed Med 2014; 9:266-72. [PMID: 24840853 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2014.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study assessed infant feeding knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs among women from Queensland, Australia, in their first pregnancy. Antenatal feeding intention in this group was described, and the hypothesis was tested that antenatal knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about infant feeding are associated with antenatal intention for the duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding for the infant's first year. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The Feeding Queensland Babies Study is a prospective survey of infant feeding attitudes and behaviors among first-time mothers in Queensland, Australia. Data on infant feeding knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and intention were collected antenatally, and an Infant Feeding Attitudes Score was calculated. RESULTS Although 85% of respondents endorsed breastfeeding as most appropriate for infants, 11% valued formula feeding equally. Intention to give any breastmilk during the first weeks was 98%, but it fell to 18% during the second year. More than one-quarter of women reported intention to introduce foods other than breastmilk before 5 months of infant age. The infant feeding attitudes and beliefs score correlated positively with feeding intention for breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary solids. CONCLUSIONS Enhancing women's knowledge of recommendations and their understanding of breastfeeding's specific benefits and the reasons for recommended scheduling of feeding transitions may positively impact breastfeeding exclusivity and duration and the age-appropriate introduction of complementary solids. Communication of detailed feeding recommendations for the infant's first year and specific information about the health benefits of breastfeeding should be a goal of healthcare providers working with pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Newby
- 1 Children's Nutrition Research Centre, The University of Queensland , Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Ho YJ, Yu CC. Attitudes of high school and vocational school students toward breastfeeding in taiwan. J Perinat Educ 2014; 23:89-95. [PMID: 24839383 DOI: 10.1891/1058-1243.23.2.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Infant feeding decisions depend on breastfeeding attitudes. This study examined the high school and the vocational school students' attitudes toward breastfeeding. The descriptive cross-section survey was applied. A stratified random sample of 1,319 male and female students was carried out. The results revealed that female students were more positive than male students in breastfeeding attitudes. Of the female students, 34.7% (n = 458) reported that they will plan to breastfeed, and 29% (n = 382) male students indicated that they will encourage breastfeeding. Moreover, two-thirds (60.7%, n = 801) of the participants favored the inclusion of breastfeeding information in the school curriculum. Findings from this study suggest that breastfeeding information needs to be addressed earlier among adolescent students to increase positive breastfeeding attitudes.
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Jefferson UT. Infant Feeding Attitudes and Breastfeeding Intentions of Black College Students. West J Nurs Res 2013; 36:1338-56. [DOI: 10.1177/0193945913514638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Breastfeeding rates are lowest among Black women than women of other races. An understanding of infant feeding attitudes may help improve breastfeeding rates among Black women. The theory of planned behavior guided this study to explore infant feeding attitudes of Black college students and the contribution of attitudes to breastfeeding intentions after controlling for age, gender, income, and education level. A sample of 348 Black college students below 45 years old with no children and no history of pregnancies were recruited for this study. The Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale and a Demographic Questionnaire were used to collect data. Participants agreed that breast milk is the ideal food for infants and 48% indicated high probability of breastfeeding intentions. Infant feeding attitudes also explained approximately 30% (Nagelkerke R2) of the variance in breastfeeding intentions. Therefore, breastfeeding interventions targeting Black women should focus on improving breastfeeding attitudes.
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Lucas A, McMahon PM, Asling MB, Knobloch A, Kosh E, Sims K. Assessing child care providers' knowledge and attitudes regarding support of breastfeeding in a region with low breastfeeding prevalence. J Hum Lact 2013; 29:556-63. [PMID: 23893551 DOI: 10.1177/0890334413497259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Working mothers who place their infants into out-of-home child care face many challenges to sustaining breastfeeding. Child care providers, who are in frequent close contact with young families, may be potential resources for promoting breastfeeding. OBJECTIVES This study focused on identifying child care providers' attitudes toward and knowledge about breastfeeding as well as providers' perceptions about strategies to increase breastfeeding rates among mothers of infants in child care centers. METHODS Seventy-five providers from 11 child care centers in the Baton Rouge, Louisiana, area were surveyed using paper and pencil questionnaires. Self-reported demographics, attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions about breastfeeding were collected. RESULTS Responses demonstrated a generally positive attitude toward breastfeeding among child care providers but a knowledge deficit in terms of the health impacts and proper handling of breast milk. A minority of providers reported that their center's staff currently receives breastfeeding education, but most providers believed that measures to promote the use of breast milk in their center should target parents rather than the center staff. CONCLUSION Child care providers need resources about the benefits of human milk, proper handling of expressed milk, and ways to make centers more breastfeeding friendly. Many providers feel ineffective in supporting breastfeeding and are unaware of the role they may play in mothers' infant feeding decisions. Though child care providers do not appear to believe they can influence parents' decisions about breastfeeding, educating and empowering them could play an important role in increasing breastfeeding rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Lucas
- 1Our Lady of the Lake Pediatrics Residency Training Program, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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Holbrook KE, White MC, Heyman MB, Wojcicki JM. Maternal sociodemographic characteristics and the use of the Iowa Infant Attitude Feeding Scale to describe breastfeeding initiation and duration in a population of urban, Latina mothers: a prospective cohort study. Int Breastfeed J 2013; 8:7. [PMID: 23835065 PMCID: PMC3711781 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4358-8-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months of age. Maternal attitudes toward infant feeding are correlated with chosen feeding method and breastfeeding duration. The Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) has been used to assess attitudes towards breastfeeding prenatally and is predictive of breastfeeding decisions in certain population groups. METHODS In a cohort of pregnant Latina women recruited from two hospitals in the San Francisco Bay Area (n=185), we administered the IIFAS prior to delivery. Information regarding feeding choice, maternal sociodemographic information, and anthropometrics were collected at 6 months and 1 year postpartum. Analysis of predictors for breastfeeding initiation, breastfeeding at 6 and 12 months and exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS In our cohort of Latina mothers, breastfeeding a previous infant was associated with breastfeeding initiation (OR 8.29 [95% CI 1.00, 68.40] p = 0.05) and breastfeeding at 6 months (OR 18.34 [95% CI 2.01, 167.24] p = 0.01). College education was associated with increased exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months (OR 58.67 [95% CI 4.97, 692.08] p = 0.001) and having other children was associated with reduced breastfeeding at six months (OR 0.08 [95% CI 0.01, 0.70] p = 0.02). A higher IIFAS score was not associated with breastfeeding initiation, breastfeeding at 6 or 12 months or exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months of age. CONCLUSIONS Initial choices about breastfeeding will likely influence future breastfeeding decisions, so breastfeeding interventions should specifically target new mothers. Mothers with other children also need additional encouragement to maintain breastfeeding until 6 months of age. The IIFAS, while predictive of breastfeeding decisions in other population groups, was not associated with feeding decisions in our population of Latina mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Holbrook
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 500 Parnassus Avenue, MU 4-East, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0136, USA.
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Torres de Lacerda AC, Lucena de Vasconcelos MG, Nascimento de Alencar E, Osório MM, Pontes CM. Adolescent fathers: knowledge of and involvement in the breast feeding process in Brazil. Midwifery 2013; 30:338-44. [PMID: 23473910 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to understand the ways in which adolescent fathers participate in the breast feeding process in the family environment in North-eastern Brazil. METHODS a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study was undertaken involving 10 couples with infants aged 6-8 months living in a single community in Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with questions to guide the interviewer. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis, and interpreted under the theoretical reference of being an adolescent father within the context of breast feeding. FINDINGS from the data collected, three themes were identified: knowledge of the benefits of breast feeding for the child's health; discontinued participation of the father in breast feeding during the pregnancy-childbearing cycle; and exclusion of the adolescent father from the breast feeding process. The adolescent fathers knew about the benefits of breast feeding in terms of the child's health, but did not mention benefits for the mother, the family or society. For some adolescent fathers, their participation in the breast feeding process started during pregnancy, whereas for others, it was only initiated after the infant was born. One of the fathers was prevented, by his wife and mother-in-law, from participating in the breast feeding process. CONCLUSIONS the involvement of adolescent fathers in the breast feeding process oscillated during the pregnancy-childbearing cycle. This may be due to the patriarchal cultural heritage, Brazilian paternity laws, and the fact that these fathers were adolescents. This study showed that adolescent parents were knowledgeable about breast feeding. Finally, fathers want a new model of parenting in which the man participates in child care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Torres de Lacerda
- Nursing Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, R-Conselheiro Nabuco 444, Casa Amarela, Recife, PE, CEP: 52070-010, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Mônica Maria Osório
- Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Wilkins C, Ryan K, Green J, Thomas P. Infant feeding attitudes of women in the United Kingdom during pregnancy and after birth. J Hum Lact 2012; 28:547-55. [PMID: 23087197 DOI: 10.1177/0890334412456602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To address the recognized low rates of breastfeeding in the United Kingdom (UK), a change in fundamental attitudes toward infant feeding might be required. This paper reports an exploration of women's attitudes toward breastfeeding at different time points in the perinatal period, undertaken as part of a larger breastfeeding evaluation study. OBJECTIVES To measure women's infant feeding attitudes at 3 stages during the perinatal period to see whether, on average, they differed over time. METHODS Using the 17-item Iowa Infant Feeding Attitudes Scale (IIFAS), this cross-sectional study measured the infant feeding attitudes of 866 UK women at 3 perinatal stages (20 and 35 weeks antenatally and 6 weeks postpartum). RESULTS Mean IIFAS scores were very similar, which shows that discrete groups of women at different time points in pregnancy and postpartum appear to have the same attitudes toward infant feeding. The predominance of scores lay in the mid-range at each of the time points, which may indicate women's indecision or ambivalent feelings about infant feeding during pregnancy and the postpartum period. CONCLUSIONS Action must be undertaken to target the majority of women with mid-range scores whose ambivalence may respond positively to intervention programs. The challenge is to understand what would be appropriate and acceptable to this vulnerable group of women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Wilkins
- School of Health and Social Care, Bournemouth University, Portsmouth, UK.
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Kavanagh KF, Lou Z, Nicklas JC, Habibi MF, Murphy LT. Breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, prior exposure, and intent among undergraduate students. J Hum Lact 2012; 28:556-64. [PMID: 22674966 DOI: 10.1177/0890334412446798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and exposures among nonpregnant youth who are likely to be future parents may provide significant pathways to successfully increasing breastfeeding as the normal, accepted way of feeding infants. However, based on a recent review of the literature, only 3 studies have assessed these factors in nonpregnant, young adults in the United States in the past 10 years. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to gather more recent data regarding breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and prior exposure among undergraduate university students. METHODS This was a cross-sectional survey, conducted in November 2010. A convenience sample, consisting of undergraduates in attendance in 2 sections of an introductory nutrition class at a large research university, was used for this project (N = 248). RESULTS Breastfeeding knowledge was relatively good. However, overall breastfeeding attitudes were more neutral, which appeared to be explained by the belief that breastfeeding is painful, restrictive, and inconvenient, both in general and specifically for the working mother. Though support for breastfeeding in public was low, men were significantly less likely than women to believe it to be embarrassing or unacceptable. In addition, breastfeeding attitudes were more positive among older students and those who were breastfed as infants. Those who were breastfed as infants were also significantly more likely to intend to breastfeed future children. CONCLUSIONS Though this sample indicates good breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes were more neutral, and support for breastfeeding in public appears low. This finding is contradictory and warrants further exploration.
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Ho YJ, McGrath JM. Predicting breastfeeding duration related to maternal attitudes in a taiwanese sample. J Perinat Educ 2012; 20:188-99. [PMID: 22942621 DOI: 10.1891/1058-1243.20.4.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine maternal attitudes and sociodemographic variables associated with Taiwanese mothers' continuation of breastfeeding at 6 weeks postpartum. A sample of 140 in-hospital breastfeeding mothers was recruited in Taiwan. Participants completed the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) in the hospital prior to discharge. Postdischarge participants were contacted by telephone at 3 and 6 weeks postpartum to obtain information regarding their feeding method and duration. Findings revealed that in-hospital maternal breastfeeding attitudes are predictive of breastfeeding duration. Insufficient milk supply was the reason most often given for discontinuing breastfeeding. Women's husband/partner was found to be the main source of breastfeeding support. We recommend health-care professionals add the IIFAS to their assessment to identify mothers at high risk for discontinuing breastfeeding and to develop and better evaluate breastfeeding promotion programs.
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Chezem JC. Breastfeeding attitudes among couples planning exclusive breastfeeding or mixed feeding. Breastfeed Med 2012; 7:155-62. [PMID: 22224507 DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2011.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goals of the study were to describe maternal and paternal attitudes toward breastfeeding among couples planning exclusive breastfeeding and those planning mixed feeding and to compare maternal predictions of paternal attitudes with actual paternal attitudes. METHODS Expectant parents with the intention to breastfeed were recruited from outpatient clinics. During the third trimester of pregnancy, mothers and fathers independently completed a demographic questionnaire and a breastfeeding attitude survey. In addition, mothers were asked to predict fathers' attitudes. RESULTS Seventy-one subjects completed all study requirements: 56 planned to exclusively breastfeed, and 15 planned to mix feed. The majority of subjects were white, educated beyond high school, and married. Expectant parents planning to exclusively breastfeed were significantly more likely to report higher paternal age (p=0.019), higher maternal age (p=0.006), and higher maternal education (p=0.023) than those planning to mix feed. Among fathers, those planning exclusive breastfeeding expressed more favorable attitudes related to naturalness (p=0.009) and closeness (p=0.036) than their mixed-feeding peers. Compared with mothers planning mixed feeding, those planning exclusive breastfeeding indicated more favorable attitudes related to naturalness (p=0.006) and respect for breastfeeding women (p=0.005). Overall, mothers reported more favorable attitudes toward breastfeeding than fathers in several areas, including disease protection (p=0.004), respect for breastfeeding women (p=0.043), and naturalness (p=0.011). The mother's predictions were less favorable than the father's actual attitudes in the areas of purpose of breasts (p=0.007), respect (p=0.049), and closeness (p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS Results suggest expectant parents who plan to mix feed may be fundamentally different from those planning to exclusively breastfeed. There is a continued need to identify factors that influence the prenatal decision to mix feed and to develop strategies that promote exclusive breastfeeding in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Carol Chezem
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana.
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Kempenaar LE, Darwent KL. The impact of peer support training on mothers' attitudes towards and knowledge of breastfeeding. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2011; 9:359-68. [PMID: 22103433 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00373.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
While the benefits of breastfeeding are well established, few Scottish women exclusively breastfeed, as recommended nationally and internationally. Breastfeeding peer support can help mothers to breastfeed for longer, but the training peer supporters receive is variable and few studies have measured the effectiveness of peer supporter training. This study aimed to compare mothers' attitudes towards and knowledge of breastfeeding before and after undertaking Breastfeeding Network (BfN) peer supporter training. This study used a quasi-experimental design to investigate levels of breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes in 28 women, immediately before and after the BfN peer supporter (Helper) training programme. Data were collected using the Infant Feeding Questionnaire. Mothers had high baseline scores for attitude (88.8%) and knowledge (76.4%). After training 78% of mothers improved their attitude scores. The mean difference in attitude scores was 4.9%, which was statistically significant (t = 4.44, P < 0.001). Ninety-six per cent of mothers had increased their knowledge scores. The mean difference in knowledge scores was 10.4%, which was statistically significant (t = 6.25, P < 0.001). This study provides evidence that the BfN's accredited peer support training can improve both breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes of breastfeeding mothers. Peer supporters who have undertaken this training are therefore suitably qualified to provide mothers with the support and information required to make informed choices in breastfeeding and to contribute to effective support and promotion of breastfeeding as suggested in the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence guideline on maternal and infant nutrition (PH11) and Scottish Government's Maternal and Infant Nutrition: A Framework for Action (2011).
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Ebrahim B, Al-Enezi H, Al-Turki M, Al-Turki A, Al-Rabah F, Hammoud MS, Al-Taiar A. Knowledge, misconceptions, and future intentions towards breastfeeding among female university students in Kuwait. J Hum Lact 2011; 27:358-66. [PMID: 21813801 DOI: 10.1177/0890334411411163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire was conducted on female university students (N = 1106) to explore their knowledge and misconceptions on breastfeeding. Most participants recognized the benefits of breastfeeding, but only a few were aware of the recommendation for exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months of life. Misconceptions were common; 66%, 60%, and 55% of participants thought mothers should temporarily stop breastfeeding if they had a fever, skin rash, or sore throat, respectively. Approximately 20% thought mothers should stop breastfeeding if the child had diarrhea, vomiting, or skin rash. Support of breastfeeding in public places was low, but 38% supported breastfeeding in female prayer rooms in public places. Efforts should be made to correct common misconceptions on breastfeeding and increase the support of breastfeeding in public places among university students. Female prayer rooms that exist in all public places in Kuwait can be used to promote breastfeeding in public places in Kuwait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bader Ebrahim
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University
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Spurles PK, Babineau J. A qualitative study of attitudes toward public breastfeeding among young Canadian men and women. J Hum Lact 2011; 27:131-7. [PMID: 21196495 DOI: 10.1177/0890334410390044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This research aims to explore, in qualitative terms, attitudes held by a sample of university-educated young men and women residing in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia about breastfeeding in public places. In sum, 20 women and 27 men between the ages of 18 and 23 participated in moderated single-sex focus groups that discussed breastfeeding, following a list of prepared questions and using photographs as discussion cues. Although participants uniformly stated that they desired their future children to be breastfed, 31 of 47 expressed restrictive attitudes toward exposure of the breast (eg, "should use washrooms," "okay if discreet") and breastfeeding in restaurants. Eight expressed positive unrestricted statements about breastfeeding in public spaces. Addressing widely held attitudes toward breastfeeding in public spaces, in addition to providing information about breastfeeding's health benefits, may be helpful in campaigns promoting breastfeeding.
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Laanterä S, Pölkki T, Ekström A, Pietilä AM. Breastfeeding attitudes of Finnish parents during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2010; 10:79. [PMID: 21126368 PMCID: PMC3003624 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2393-10-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding attitudes are known to influence infant feeding but little information exists on the prenatal breastfeeding attitudes of parents. The purpose of this study was to describe Finnish parents' prenatal breastfeeding attitudes and their relationships with demographic characteristics. METHODS The electronic Breastfeeding Knowledge, Attitude and Confidence scale was developed and 172 people (123 mothers, 49 fathers) completed the study. The data were analysed using factor analysis and nonparametric methods. RESULTS Breastfeeding was regarded as important, but 54% of the respondents wanted both parents to feed the newborn. The mean rank values of breastfeeding attitudes differed significantly when parity, gender, education, age, breastfeeding history and level of breastfeeding knowledge were considered. The respondents who were expecting their first child, were 18-26 years old or had vocational qualifications or moderate breastfeeding knowledge had more negative feelings and were more worried about breastfeeding than respondents who had at least one child, had a higher vocational diploma or academic degree or had high levels of breastfeeding knowledge. Respondents with high levels of breastfeeding knowledge did not appear concerned about equality in feeding. CONCLUSIONS Both mothers and fathers found breastfeeding important. A father's eagerness to participate in their newborn's life should be included in prenatal breastfeeding counselling and ways in which to support breastfeeding discussed. Relevant information about breastfeeding should focus on the parents who are expecting their first child, those who are young, those with low levels of education or those who have gaps in breastfeeding knowledge, so that fears and negative views can be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarja Pölkki
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Anette Ekström
- School of Life Sciences, University of Skövde, PO Box 408, SE-54128 Skövde, Sweden
| | - Anna-Maija Pietilä
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Social and Health Care Center of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
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Fairbrother N, Stanger-Ross I. Reproductive-aged women's knowledge and attitudes regarding infant-feeding practices: an experimental evaluation. J Hum Lact 2010; 26:157-67. [PMID: 20015840 DOI: 10.1177/0890334409352853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Using an experimental design, this study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and intentions regarding infant feeding practices among Canadian female university undergraduates (N = 285). Participants completed a survey of knowledge, attitudes, and intentions with respect to infant-feeding practices. Two versions of the survey were randomly distributed to participants: one containing a photograph of a woman breastfeeding her infant (n = 131) and the other containing a photograph of the same women bottle-feeding her infant (n = 154). Findings indicated that the majority of the sample had been breastfed (84%) and intend to breastfeed their own offspring (97%). The intention to breastfeed future offspring was predicted by knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of social norms. Participants reported more positive attitudes toward visual depictions of breastfeeding compared with bottle-feeding but less positive views of breastfeeding in public compared with bottle-feeding in public. Participants also significantly underestimated the health benefits and optimal duration of breastfeeding. The findings highlight gaps in knowledge that may contribute to premature cessation of breastfeeding among Canadian women and suggest the need for breastfeeding education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichole Fairbrother
- Department of Psychiatry/Island Medical Program, University of British Columbia, Victoria, BC, Canada
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2009; 22:447-56. [PMID: 19417565 DOI: 10.1097/aco.0b013e32832cbfed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This bibliography is compiled by clinicians from the journals listed at the end of this publication. It is based on literature entered into our database between 1 February 2008 and 31 January 2009 (articles are generally added to the database about two and a half months after publication). In addition, the bibliography contains every paper annotated by reviewers; these references were obtained from a variety of bibliographic databases and published between the beginning of the review period and the time of going to press. The bibliography has been grouped into topics that relate to the reviews in this issue.
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Acker M. Breast is Best…But Not Everywhere: Ambivalent Sexism and Attitudes Toward Private and Public Breastfeeding. SEX ROLES 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11199-009-9655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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