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Pham TV, Beasley CM, Gagliardi JP, Koenig HG, Stanifer JW. Spirituality, Coping, and Resilience Among Rural Residents Living with Chronic Kidney Disease. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:2951-2968. [PMID: 31392626 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-019-00892-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spirituality, an established resource within rural America, serves as an important coping mechanism for crises of chronic illness. We examined the effects of spirituality on chronic kidney disease (CKD) maintenance in the rural community of Robeson County, North Carolina. We conducted nine focus group discussions and 16 interviews involving 80 diverse key informants impacted by CKD. As disenfranchised patients, they locally engaged in spirituality which mobilized personal and social resources and elicited support from a transcendent authority. Our participants developed a heuristic and aesthetic understanding of disease, built resilience and self-care skills, and improved overall coping and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tony V Pham
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
| | - Cherry M Beasley
- Department of Nursing, University of North Carolina, Pembroke, Pembroke, NC, USA
| | - Jane P Gagliardi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke Health, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Harold G Koenig
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, 2301 Erwin Road, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
- Department of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - John W Stanifer
- Munson Nephrology, Munson Healthcare, Traverse City, MI, USA
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Vizehfar F, Jaberi A. The Relationship Between Religious Beliefs and Quality of Life Among Patients With Multiple Sclerosis. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2017; 58:1537-1560. [PMID: 28502024 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-017-0379-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Patients with chronic diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), are prone to emotional distresses and reduction in life quality more than others. This study aimed to assess the relationship between religious beliefs and quality of life among patients with MS. In this study, 145 MS patients completed 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL) questionnaires. The results indicated that unorganized religious activities were significantly associated with marital status and education level. Besides, internal religion was positively correlated to mental health. However, religious variables were not effective prognostic factors in physical and mental quality of life. Overall, further studies have to be conducted to determine the role of religion in quality of life of MS patients with different religious backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Vizehfar
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azita Jaberi
- Department of Nursing, Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Chiu L, Emblen JD, Van Hofwegen L, Sawatzky R, Meyerhoff H. An Integrative Review of the Concept of Spirituality in the Health Sciences. West J Nurs Res 2016; 26:405-28. [PMID: 15155026 DOI: 10.1177/0193945904263411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Spirituality is a universal human phenomenon, yet confusion and incomprehension of the concept is ever-present. The purpose of this study was to explore how research on the concept of spirituality has been reported in the health literature in the past decade and develop an ontological and theoretical understanding of spirituality. The examination was based on quantitative and qualitative integrative review approaches, which integrated empirical research on spirituality. The sample included 73 spirituality research articles, which were published in English between January 1990 and September 2000. An electronic data-collection tool was designed for use in this project and formatted using Excel software for transfer of codeddata into the NVivo software for the data analysis. The results identified essential elements of spirituality, current use of operational definitions and instruments, conceptual frameworks used in spirituality research, and cultural aspects of spirituality. Historical comparison among decades and barriers in researching spirituality are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyren Chiu
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Farren AT. Power, uncertainty, self-transcendence, and quality of life in breast cancer survivors. Nurs Sci Q 2010; 23:63-71. [PMID: 20026731 DOI: 10.1177/0894318409353793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to examine the relations among power, uncertainty, self-transcendence, and quality of life in breast cancer survivors from the perspective of Rogers' science of unitary human beings. A correlational, cross-sectional study with purposive sampling (n = 104) was conducted. The results included statistically significant correlations, explained variance, and mediating relations among the pattern manifestations. The researcher concluded that there are complex and synergistic relations among the cluster of field pattern manifestations that contribute to quality of life in breast cancer survivors. Implications for theory, research, and practice are discussed.
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Vance DE, Struzick TC, Raper JL. Biopsychosocial benefits of spirituality in adults aging with HIV: implications for nursing practice and research. J Holist Nurs 2008; 26:119-25. [PMID: 18308924 DOI: 10.1177/0898010107310615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
More than 100,000 adults above the age of 50 have been diagnosed with HIV in the United States. It is important to understand how to promote successful aging in this growing population. With the positive effects of spirituality on biopsychosocial functioning in aging, HIV, and chronic diseases, accessing the strengths associated with spirituality may facilitate successful aging in adults surviving to older ages. The inherent nature of the nurse-patient relationship means nurses are in a key position to actively listen, assess spiritual needs, and make clinical referrals. In providing holistic care to patients, nurse scientists are encouraged to study and address the spiritual needs in this growing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Vance
- School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-1210, USA.
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Abstract
The purpose of this article is to extend the findings of a research project independent of this article but from which this article arises. More specifically, this article examines the lived experience of a major life event from the perspective of the individual: How is meaning brought to such an event? To address theoretical and professional issues related to the meaning-making process of a brain injury experience, narrative data was collected over a seven-week period from five adult survivors of brain injury (mean age = 41.4 years; range, twenty-eight to fifty-three years). Analysis of content was conducted from which a composite case scenario was derived. Felt losses and needs are documented, and coping responses described. Findings of (1) the importance of a future rather than a one-day-at-a-time perspective, (2) the contribution of caring relationships, (3) the role of spirituality, and (4) the need to feel understood, are delineated and discussed.
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Cox T. Theory and exemplars of advanced practice spiritual intervention. COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES IN NURSING & MIDWIFERY 2003; 9:30-4. [PMID: 12604323 DOI: 10.1016/s1353-6117(02)00103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Spirituality, defined consistently with the work of Martha E Rogers, is explored and application of spiritual interventions is described and discussed using two case studies that exemplify working with clients in a manner that blends environmental resources with personal needs. This paper illustrates how nurses can perform non-denominational spiritual interventions without compromising belief systems of client or nurse and without a great deal of material resources or time. Simple, time-limited interventions that respond to clients' minimal needs are well within the abilities of all nurses to perform, do not require excessive material or personnel resources and may reduce clients' anxieties, leading to reduced dissatisfactions with care and facilitating client recovery and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Cox
- 1611 NW 55 Terrace, Gainesville, FL 32605, USA.
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Smith DW, Arnstein P, Rosa KC, Wells-Federman C. Effects of integrating therapeutic touch into a cognitive behavioral pain treatment program. Report of a pilot clinical trial. J Holist Nurs 2002; 20:367-87. [PMID: 12484105 DOI: 10.1177/089801002237593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of offering Therapeutic Touch (TT) as an adjunct to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for people with chronic pain. Patients were randomized to relaxation training (control group) or TT plus relaxation (experimental). Subsequently, all participants attended a CBT program. Preprogram and postprogram data were examined to identify patterns of change in pain intensity, self-efficacy, unitary power, disability, and perceived distress. In addition, patterns of attrition were examined. Patients in this study who were randomized to receive TT fared better in terms of enhanced self-efficacy and unitary power, as well as having lower attrition rates. Trends associated TT with less distress and disability. This pilot study suggests that offering TT as an adjunct to CBT may help to improve clinical outcomes, reduce program attrition, and promote unitary power in those who suffer with chronic pain.
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Abstract
AIMS OF THE PAPER This paper reviews some of the limited nursing research-based literature, orientated towards the use of spiritual coping strategies in illness. This review aims at identifying those spiritual coping strategies used by the believers and nonbelievers followed by implications for holistic nursing care. LITERATURE SEARCH The CINAHL and MEDLINE CD Rom databases were searched, identifying literature published from 1975 onwards which amounted to 187 articles. The majority of the literature traced were found anecdotal with only few studies investigating directly spiritual coping strategies. Following scrutiny of the available articles, only five research studies explored directly the spiritual coping strategies used in various illness, four of which were conducted in USA and one in UK. Because of the small scale research studies, generalization of the findings of this review is limited to the samples used. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND Research suggests that spiritual coping strategies, involving relationship with self, others, Ultimate other/God or nature were found to help individuals to cope with their ailments. This may be because of finding meaning, purpose and hope, which may nurture individuals in their suffering. Spirituality is oftenly referred by literature as being synonymous with religiosity. Thus the use of spiritual coping strategies is restricted to individuals who hold religious beliefs. However, the definition of spirituality indicates that this concept is broader than religiosity. The theories on stress-coping (Folkman & Lazarus 1984) and the numinous experience (Otto 1950) outline the rationale for the use of these strategies which are applicable to both the believers and nonbelievers. IMPLICATIONS This review suggests that the onset of illness may render the individual, being a believer or nonbeliever to realize the lack of control over his/her life. However the use of spiritual coping strategies may enhance self-empowerment, leading to finding meaning and purpose in illness. This implies that holistic care incorporates facilitation of various spiritual coping strategies to safeguard the wholeness and integrity of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Baldacchino
- Institute of Health Care, University of Malta, Malta, Sicily.
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Exploring the Experience of Spirituality in Older Women Finding Meaning in Life. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1300/j078v12n01_03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- M A McColl
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6.
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McColl MA, Bickenbach J, Johnston J, Nishihama S, Schumaker M, Smith K, Smith M, Yealland B. Changes in spiritual beliefs after traumatic disability. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000; 81:817-23. [PMID: 10857530 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-9993(00)90117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To discover the effect of sudden-onset disability on spirituality, specifically, to investigate changes following the onset of disability in spiritual concepts and to outline a theoretical framework consisting of relationships with the self, others, the world, and a supreme power. STUDY DESIGN The study used a cross-sectional, qualitative approach to understand changes in spirituality from the perspective of the disabled person. Intensive semistructured interviews were conducted with 16 participants, each of whom had either a spinal cord injury or brain injury, within the 2-year period after discharge from rehabilitation. Changes in spiritual concepts were explored in relation to 3 types of relationships (intrapersonal, interpersonal, and transpersonal) and 5 themes (awareness, closeness, trust, purpose, and vulnerability). RESULTS Specific changes in spirituality described by sample members were: greater awareness of the self; a change in their view of their own independence; a sense of purpose in life that was not present before the onset of the disability; greater awareness of their own mortality and vulnerability; a new understanding of trust, especially when depending on others; loss of some significant relationships; greater appreciation and closeness with others and the world; and greater understanding of other disadvantaged groups. CONCLUSIONS The interviews portrayed a significant ability to conceptualize issues in a spiritual context in the 2-year period after discharge from rehabilitation. Further, the changes reported suggest a positive effect of spirituality in the adjustment period following onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A McColl
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Barrett EA, Caroselli C. Methodological ponderings related to the power as knowing participation in change tool. Nurs Sci Q 1998; 11:17-22. [PMID: 9555425 DOI: 10.1177/089431849801100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Based on 15 years of research using the Power as Knowing Participation in Change Tool, the authors summarize tool development, including reliability and validity, and discuss specific methodological issues and insights. These include clarity of instructions and complexity of language used in the PKPCT along with response set, norms, and sensitivity of the instrument to detect differences between groups. Problems of linear measurement are discussed along with the appropriateness of both qualitative and quantitative methods of studying power from the view of the science of unitary human beings. Recommendations for further psychometric studies of power are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Barrett
- Hunter College, City University of New York, USA
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Abstract
In the 15 years since the introduction of Barrett's theory of power as knowing participation in change and its accompanying measurement instrument, a rapidly growing number of research studies have been conducted using the theory and instrument. This article presents a critical review of this literature, as well as recommendations for further research.
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