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Rosa SJ, Duarte MAH, Silva EJNL, Oliveira MCGD, Titato PCG, Vasconcelos BCD, Vivan RR, Alcalde MP. Does the Mixing Method of AH Plus Jet Affect its Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties? J Endod 2024; 50:1333-1339. [PMID: 38901643 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the mixing method of AH Plus Jet sealer affects its physicochemical and mechanical properties. METHODS The properties of AH Plus Jet sealer were analyzed when mixed using either the Auto Mix Tip or manual mixing. The evaluated properties included radiopacity (n = 5), initial and final setting times (n = 5), flow (n = 5), and solubility (n = 3), following specifications outlined in ISO 6876/2012 and ADA Nº 57/2000. pH levels were measured at intervals of 3, 24, 72, and 168 hours (n = 10). The push-out bond strength test was conducted using a universal testing machine and using bovine teeth (n = 30). Failure modes were analyzed with stereomicroscopy. Porosity was evaluated under micro-CT (n = 5), and scanning electron microscopy was also performed (n = 5). One-way analysis of variance and Tukey, unpaired t-tests, or Mann-Whitney tests were used with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS The Auto Mix exhibited a radiopacity value of 12.11 mmAl, whereas manual mixing resulted in 12.55 mmAl (P > .05). For initial and final setting times, Auto Mix showed 901 minutes and 1779 minutes, respectively, while manual mixing recorded values of 631 minutes and 1504 minutes (P < .05). In terms of flow, Auto Mix demonstrated higher values (25.26 mm) than manual mixing (21.71 mm) (P < .05). No statistical differences were observed between the two methods for solubility and pH (P > .05). Manual mixing presented a higher bond strength value (14.52 MPa) than Auto Mix (9.81 MPa) (P < .05). The mixed failure mode was the most frequent outcome for both methods. The highest porosity was observed for Auto Mix (P < .05). Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that manual mixing resulted in a smoother surface with fewer pores and smaller, more evenly distributed agglomerates compared to automatic mixing. CONCLUSION The mixing method employed for AH Plus Jet sealer influences some physicochemical and mechanical properties of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefani Jovedi Rosa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Carolina Guiotti de Oliveira
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Pedro Cesar Gomes Titato
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Ricci Vivan
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Murilo Priori Alcalde
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics, and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo - USP, Bauru, Brazil.
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S C, R RC, R R, D D, Balakumar S. Unravelling the effects of ibuprofen-acetaminophen infused copper-bioglass towards the creation of root canal sealant. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35259739 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac5b83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Impact towards the tuneable characteristics of bioactive glasses (BAG) has been explored; as there is no root canal sealant till date with ideal characteristics competent enough to manoeuvre the perplexing root canal architecture. Combeite, calcite and traces of cuprorivaite crystalline phases were validated for material formation, in which Cu 2P [XPS] peak authenticating the presence of copper in bioglass network (Cu-BAG). Spherical and platelet-like morphologies were observed and the grain size of Cu-BAG (~100 nm) was lesser as compared to BAG (~ 1 µm). These particle distributions impacted the porosity, and dominant non-bridging oxygens in Cu-BAG influences ionic dissolution, which subsequently enhanced the mineralization. These bioactive materials were loaded with acetaminophen and ibuprofen, corresponding organic moieties was confirmed through FT-IR. These drugs loaded bioactive materials exhibited tremendous anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial behavior with better sealing ability. Drug loaded bioglass paste filled in biomechanically prepared root canal was estimated for sealing potential, mineralization, micro leakage, and fracture resistance properties. Hydroxyl apatite growth was noted on the sealants, flower like protuberance confirmed the sealing potential of the prepared material. Bioglass exhibited promising characteristics required in a root canal sealant. This investigation is a step further towards tailoring the properties of bioactive materials as promising candidates in root canal obturation and thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra S
- Saveetha University Saveetha Dental College, Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, INDIA
| | - Riju Chandran R
- University of Madras - Guindy Campus, National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,, University of Madras,, Chennai, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, INDIA
| | - Ramya R
- Saveetha University Saveetha Dental College, Department of Oral Pathology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, INDIA
| | - Durgalakshmi D
- Anna University Chennai, Department of Medical Physics, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, INDIA
| | - S Balakumar
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-25, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600025, INDIA
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Haapasalo M, Parhar M, Huang X, Wei X, Lin J, Shen Y. Clinical use of bioceramic materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/etp.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Sonntag D, Ritter A, Burkhart A, Fischer J, Mondrzyk A, Ritter H. Experimental amine-epoxide sealer: a physicochemical study in comparison with AH Plus and EasySeal. Int Endod J 2014; 48:747-56. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Sonntag
- Poliklinik für Zahnerhaltung, Parodontologie und Endodontologie; Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - A. Ritter
- Poliklinik für Zahnerhaltung, Parodontologie und Endodontologie; Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - A. Burkhart
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - J. Fischer
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - A. Mondrzyk
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf; Duesseldorf Germany
| | - H. Ritter
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universitaet Duesseldorf; Duesseldorf Germany
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Baldi JV, Bernardes RA, Duarte MAH, Ordinola-Zapata R, Cavenago BC, Moraes JCS, de Moraes IG. Variability of physicochemical properties of an epoxy resin sealer taken from different parts of the same tube. Int Endod J 2012; 45:915-20. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02049.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Sherwood IA. Pre-operative diagnostic radiograph interpretation by general dental practitioners for root canal treatment. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012; 41:43-54. [PMID: 22074878 PMCID: PMC3520278 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/26466415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Revised: 10/24/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate which radicular radiographic features general dentists want to interpret, determine which of the radicular radiographic features general dentists interpret and which ones they miss in a diagnostic radiograph and correlate how accurately general dentists are able to interpret radiographic features. METHODS 20 general dental practitioners were selected and given 2 sets of questionnaires. The first set asked them to fill out the findings they would elucidate in a diagnostic radiograph while the second set consisted of 30 randomly selected intraoral radiographs to interpret. RESULTS In the first set of questionnaires, more than 50% of dentists said they would interpret periapical changes, calcification, root curvature and the number of root canals. Less than 50% said they would interpret canal morphology, open apex, resorption, fracture, number of roots and lamina dura. In the second set of questionnaires, more than 90% missed grade 1 or 2 periapical changes (according to periapical index scoring), resorption and canal calcification. More than 80% of dentists missed extra roots and root curvature buccally while no dentists were able to interpret the periodontal ligament width changes, lamina dura and canal variation (C-shape). Using a paired t-test, there was significant variation in answers between the first set and second set of questionnaires. CONCLUSION It is concluded from this study that general dental practitioners are able to detect radiographic changes when they are extensive but they miss periodontal ligament width and lamina dura changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Anand Sherwood
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, CSI College of Dental Sciences, Madurai, India.
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Marciano MA, Guimarães BM, Ordinola-Zapata R, Bramante CM, Cavenago BC, Garcia RB, Bernardineli N, Andrade FB, Moraes IG, Duarte MA. Physical Properties and Interfacial Adaptation of Three Epoxy Resin–based Sealers. J Endod 2011; 37:1417-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Farhad AR, Hasheminia S, Razavi S, Feizi M. Histopathologic evaluation of subcutaneous tissue response to three endodontic sealers in rats. J Oral Sci 2011; 53:15-21. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.53.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Onay EO, Ungor M, Ozdemir BH. In vivo evaluation of the biocompatibility of a new resin-based obturation system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 104:e60-6. [PMID: 17618139 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2006] [Revised: 02/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/02/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo biocompatibility of the new resin-based Epiphany-Resilon root canal filling system after implantation in rat connective tissue. STUDY DESIGN Thirty-six female Wistar albino rats, 9 months old, weighing 200 to 220 g, were used to evaluate the biocompatibility. Four subcutaneous pockets were created in the back of the rats, and each material (Resilon, gutta-percha, a Teflon tube containing Epiphany, and an empty Teflon tube) was implanted into a specific dorsal site. The empty Teflon tubes were used as control. After 1, 4, and 8 weeks, the implants were removed with the surrounding tissues. The inflammatory tissue reactions were graded after a histopathologic examination. RESULTS At each time period, there was practically no difference in the reaction of all the implant materials (P > .05). The intensity of the reaction had diminished by the 4-week observation period, and this reduction continued through the 8-week observation period. CONCLUSION All the tested materials showed an acceptable biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emel Olga Onay
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Bahcelievler, Ankara, Turkey.
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Oruçoğlu H, Sengun A, Yilmaz N. Apical Leakage of Resin Based Root Canal Sealers with a New Computerized Fluid Filtration Meter. J Endod 2005; 31:886-90. [PMID: 16306824 DOI: 10.1097/01.don.0000164134.79052.b3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In this in vitro study, the apical leakage of three root-canal sealers: AH Plus, Diaket, and EndoREZ was evaluated using a new computerized fluid filtration meter. Forty-five extracted human premolar teeth with single root and canal were used. The coronal part of each tooth was removed and the root canals were prepared using GT Rotary files and crown-down technique. The roots were randomly divided into three groups of 15 samples, filled with one of the test materials and gutta-percha cones by the cold lateral condensation technique and were stored at 37 degrees C and 100% humidity for 7 days. One-week later, apical parts of roots of 10 +/- 0.05 mm were attached to computerized fluid filtration meter. Apical leakage quantity was determined as microl/cmH(2)O/min(-1). Statistical analysis indicated that root fillings with Diaket in combination with cold lateral condensation technique showed lower apical leakage than the others (p < 0.05). In addition, this new computerized fluid filtration meter allowed quantitative measurement of leakage easily. As it is a newly developed device to measure apical leakage of endodontic sealers, the reliability of it needed to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Oruçoğlu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey.
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Goldberg RA, Kuttler S, Dorn SO. The Properties of Endocal 10 and Its Potential Impact on the Structural Integrity of the Root. J Endod 2004; 30:159-62. [PMID: 15055434 DOI: 10.1097/00004770-200403000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to determine if the use of Endocal 10 (previously called Biocalex 6.9) is associated with root fracture and to assess its sealability. Thirty-six freshly extracted, single canal human mandibular incisors were instrumented and randomly divided into two equal groups (n = 15). Canals in group A were obturated with vertically compacted gutta-percha and Sealapex, and those in group B were filled with Endocal 10 placed with a #25 Lentulo spiral per manufacturer's instructions. Two blinded investigators evaluated the teeth for fractures using transillumination and an operating microscope at 12 x magnification. Three of the fifteen samples filled with Endocal 10 had vertically fractured in half, whereas none of the teeth filled with gutta-percha had any evident fracture lines. The remaining teeth were tested for leakage via a fluid filtration model at 1 wk and 30 days postobturation. No leakage was found among any of the samples whether filled with gutta-percha or with Endocal 10 at either time interval. Statistical analyses were completed using Fisher's exact test (p = 0.023), which showed that there was a significant increase in chance of fracture when using Endocal 10 versus gutta-percha. The results indicate that, although Endocal 10 is able to seal the tooth as well as gutta-percha and sealer, there is a significant potential risk of root fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Goldberg
- Nova Southeastern University College of Dental Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33328, USA
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12
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Haapasalo M, Udnaes T, Endal U. Persistent, recurrent, and acquired infection of the root canal system post-treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-1546.2003.00041.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Adhesion of endodontic sealers to dentin and gutta-percha offers clues into their interaction with the wall of the root canal and the filling material. In this in vitro study, four classes of endodontic sealers (Kerr, a ZOE-based sealer; Sealapex, a calcium hydroxide-based sealer; AH 26, an epoxy resin-based system; and Ketac-Endo, a glass-ionomer based sealer) were compared for their ability to bond to dentin or gutta-percha. Flat coronal dentin or gutta-percha surfaces were created by using a diamond-impregnated saw blade. Aluminum cylinders (ca. 5-mm diameter) were stabilized on the substrates with small amounts of wax and then filled with one of the sealers. After setting in 100% humidity for 24 h, their tensile bond strengths were measured. Controls were the unfilled cylinders stabilized with wax. The bond strengths and modes of failure were measured. The results were statistically analyzed by using a two-way ANOVA (materials versus substrates) and Student-Newman-Keuls test at alpha = 0.05. The results indicated that sealant bond strengths to dentin (from lowest to highest mean +/- SD, n = 10) were: Kerr 0.13 +/- 0.02; Sealapex 0.30 +/- 0.08; Ketac-Endo 0.80 +/- 0.24; AH 26 2.06 +/- 0.53 MPa. The latter two were significantly different (p < 0.05) from the first two sealers and from themselves. The sealant bond strength to gutta-percha (from lowest to highest mean +/- SD, n = 10) were: Ketac-Endo 0.19 +/- 0.01; Sealapex 0.22 +/- 0.01; Kerr 1.07 +/- 0.19; AH 26 2.93 +/- 0.29 MPa. AH 26 gave the significantly highest bonds to gutta-percha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Won Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University, Chonju, Korea
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Waltimo TM, Boiesen J, Eriksen HM, Ørstavik D. Clinical performance of 3 endodontic sealers. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 2001; 92:89-92. [PMID: 11458251 DOI: 10.1067/moe.2001.116154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Calcium hydroxide is used in endodontics as an interappointment dressing. Its inclusion in salicylate resin or zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealers for filling root canals also may lead to a better treatment outcome. The purpose of the present study was to compare the clinical/radiographic treatment outcome of 3 sealers, 2 of which contain calcium hydroxide. STUDY DESIGN Two hundred and four teeth underwent a standardized endodontic treatment regimen and were assigned to 1 of 3 groups at the time of root filling: group PS, teeth filled with gutta-percha and Procosol sealer; group CR, teeth filled with gutta-percha and CRCS sealer; and group SA, teeth filled with gutta-percha and Sealapex sealer. The results of the treatment were assessed yearly for up to 4 years by clinical and radiologic (periapical index scores) controls. The ridit statistic (r) was used to compare PAI scores among the groups. RESULTS The overall treatment results were comparable with, but slightly poorer than, results previously obtained from patients seen at the Dental School at the University of Oslo. During the first year after filling, the mean ridit value decreased from .51 +/- .039 to .31 +/- .042 (Deltar = .20) in the SA group. Corresponding values went from .43 +/- .030 to .38 +/- .035 (Deltar = .05) in the PS group and from 37 +/- .045 to .34 +/- .050 (Deltar = .03) in the CR group. At the 2-year examination, teeth in group SA had slightly better periapical conditions (r =.22 +/-.045) than did teeth in group PA (r = .30 +/- .037) or in group CR (r = .30 +/- 052). The difference was statistically significant at P = .01. By years 3 and 4, no significant difference among the groups was detected. CONCLUSIONS The overall influence of the sealer on treatment outcome was small. Root fillings with salicylate resin containing Ca(OH)2 may support more rapid healing of apical periodontitis or operative trauma, but the results after 3 and 4 years were as good for zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealers with or without Ca(OH)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Waltimo
- NIOM (Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials), Haslum, Norway
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15
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Kazemi RB, Safavi KE, Spångberg LS. Dimensional changes of endodontic sealers. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, AND ORAL PATHOLOGY 1993; 76:766-71. [PMID: 8284084 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(93)90050-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was a long-term comparison of the dimensional changes of endodontic sealers of diverse properties. The sealers were injected as thin layers on the internal walls of glass pipettes 1 mm in diameter. The pipettes were filled with deionized water, and the water meniscus levels were recorded periodically up to 180 days. The water was removed from the pipettes, samples were allowed to dry, and the mass and the volume of the sealers were measured. AH26 and Endo-Fill had an initial expansion followed by a volumetric loss. The two zinc oxide eugenol-based sealers studied started to shrink within hours after mixing; the first volumetric loss for AH26 was recorded during the first 30 days and for Endo-Fill after 30 days. The least dimensional change at any time was observed for Endo-Fill. It was concluded that a significant dimensional change and continued volume loss can occur in some endodontic sealers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Kazemi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Dental Medicine
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Abstract
Endodontic treatment results were assessed in a controlled clinical study in Arhus. Undergraduate students used either Kloroperka or AH26 as sealer in a randomized fashion. The findings were compared with the results from a previous study of identical design in Oslo, which involved Kloroperka, AH26 and ProcoSol. While Kloroperka performed slightly, but significantly less well than AH26 or ProcoSol in the Oslo study, no difference was found between Kloroperka and AH26 in the present study. The overall treatment results were poorer in Arhus than in Oslo, but this might be explained by a marked difference in the preoperative diagnoses and in the technical problems associated with the teeth selected for treatment. When results of endodontic treatment carried out at different locations are compared, variations in case selection and preoperative diagnoses must be corrected for in order to obtain an adequate basis for comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Orstavik
- NIOM, Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials, Haslum, Norway
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Pertot WJ, Camps J, Remusat M, Proust JP. In vivo comparison of the biocompatibility of two root canal sealers implanted into the mandibular bone of rabbits. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, AND ORAL PATHOLOGY 1992; 73:613-20. [PMID: 1518651 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(92)90109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vivo biocompatibility of two zinc oxide-eugenol-based sealers, Sealite and Pulp Canal Sealer, after implantation into the mandibular bone of rabbits. Thirty female New-Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups on the basis of the material to be implanted in each side of the mandible: six rabbits received a positive control implant (silicone tubes filled with asbestos) in both sides of the mandible; 12 rabbits received a Sealite implant in the left side and a negative control implant (silicone tubes filled with silicone adhesive) in the right side of the mandible; and 12 rabbits received a silicone tube filled with Pulp Canal Sealer in the left side and a negative control implant in the right side of the mandible. The sealers were implanted in a freshly mixed, unset state. The rabbits were killed 4 or 12 weeks after implantation and the implants and surrounding bone were sectioned and treated in accord with standard histologic procedures. The tissue reactions were scored and rated as none, very slight, slight, moderate, severe, and very severe. The statistical analysis of the data showed that the two sealers had similar, good biocompatibility, and that the reactions observed at the 12-week period were better than those observed at the 4-week period. Both sealers may be used indifferently in routine endodontic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Pertot
- Unité Interface Matrice Extra-cellulaire Biomatériaux, Universite d'Aix-Marseille Il-U.F.R. d'Odontologie, France
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Orstavik D, Mjör IA. Usage test of four endodontic sealers in Macaca fascicularis monkeys. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, AND ORAL PATHOLOGY 1992; 73:337-44. [PMID: 1545966 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(92)90132-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Root canals with vital pulps in four Macaca fascicularis monkeys were subjected to pulp extirpation and root filling with gutta-percha and sealer, either AH26, Endomethasone, Kloroperka N-phi, or ProcoSol. Observation periods were 1 and 6 months. The results of treatment were evaluated by radiographic analysis (periapical index scores) and by histopathologic assessment of the remaining pulp and periapical tissues. Sixty roots with acceptable termination (between 0.5 and 3 mm from apex) of the root fillings and adequate histopathologic specimens were available for analysis. These roots were equally distributed in each observation period group and among the four material groups. Radiography indicated periapical pathosis in 6 of the 60 roots--4 at 1 month and 2 at 6 months. Periapical inflammation was observed on histopathologic examination in 17 roots--11 after 1 month and 6 after 6 months. Histologic and radiographic assessment of periapical inflammation was significantly correlated (p less than 0.01, chi 2) at the 6-month observation period. No granuloma or cyst formation was evident on histologic examination. The magnitude of the inflammatory response appeared unrelated to the endodontic sealer used, and several inflammatory foci were not related to foreign bodies in the tissues. Bacteriologic sampling showed growth in thioglycollate broth cultures in 9 of the 60 roots, but the presence of cultivable bacteria by this technique was unrelated to inflammatory changes. Histologic demonstration of bacteria was positive in 4 roots, all of which were associated with inflammatory periapical reactions. The method applied in the present study did not provide a sensitive discrimination among endodontic materials of widely different chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Orstavik
- NIOM-Scandinavian Institute of Dental Materials, Haslum, Norway
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Meryon SD, Brook AM. In vitro comparison of the cytotoxicity of twelve endodontic materials using a new technique. Int Endod J 1990; 23:203-10. [PMID: 2151515 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.1990.tb00101.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
An in vitro method for the cytotoxicity testing of endodontic materials is described which aims to simulate the clinical situation. Materials can be tested in the presence or absence of a compacted layer of dentine chips mimicking the periapical dentine plug. A total of twelve materials were tested. In the absence of dentine, Kloroperka, Biocalex, Diaket and Endomethasone were slightly cytotoxic; AH26 with and without silver, Sealapex, Tubliseal and Kerr's pulp canal sealer were moderately cytotoxic, while Forfenan, Spad and Kri paste were strongly cytotoxic. In the presence of dentine the cytotoxicity of these materials was considerably reduced, with the exception of Endomethasone, Forfenan, Spad and Kri paste. The method provides a satisfactory alternative to implantation testing and is an inexpensive and reproducible test system in which dentine can be incorporated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Meryon
- Dental School, University of Birmingham, UK
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