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Golriz N, Barekatain M, Mirzakocheki Broujeni P. Penetration and durability of CPP-ACP paste and sodium fluoride varnish as desensitizing agents: An in vitro comparison. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2023; 17:119-127. [PMID: 37649823 PMCID: PMC10462472 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2023.28050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to investigate and compare the penetration and durability of two dentin desensitizers, sodium fluoride varnish and casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) paste, using electron microscopy. Methods The study was performed on 60 dentin specimens prepared from extracted human premolars. After applying 17% EDTA to remove the smear layer, the specimens were divided into two groups. MI Paste and Bi-fluoride varnish were applied to the specimens. Microscopic images of 20 samples were obtained immediately. Twenty other samples were accessed after 15 days, and the other 20 were accessed after 30 days of toothbrushing and thermal cycling. Both surface and longitudinal cross-sectional images (after sample fracture) were studied. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test at a significance level of P<0.05. Results The mean depth of material penetration was significantly time-dependent and fluctuated in both groups. There was a significant difference between the mean level of plugs between 0, 15, and 30 days (P<0.001). Penetration increased with time for the MI Paste group, while in the Bi-fluoride group, the increase was significant at 15 and 30 days than immediately after application. The mean thickness of the plugs was significantly different at the three time periods, and MI Paste showed a sudden decrease in plug thickness after 15 days. Conclusion Immediately after application, Bi-fluoride occluded dentinal tubules more effectively, and its durability after abrasion and thermal fatigue were higher than MI Paste.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehrdad Barekatain
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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Yucesoy DT, Fong H, Hamann J, Hall E, Dogan S, Sarikaya M. Biomimetic Dentin Repair: Amelogenin-Derived Peptide Guides Occlusion and Peritubular Mineralization of Human Teeth. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1486-1495. [PMID: 36854046 PMCID: PMC10015427 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of dentin tubules due to loss of protective enamel (crown) and cementum (root) tissues as a result of erosion, mechanical wear, gingival recession, etc. has been the leading causes of dentin hypersensitivity. Despite being a widespread ailment, no permanent solution exists to address this oral condition. Current treatments are designed to alleviate the pain by either using desensitizers or blocking dentin tubules by deposition of minerals or solid precipitates, which often have short-lived effects. Reproducing an integrated mineral layer that occludes exposed dentin with concomitant peritubular mineralization is essential to reestablish the structural and mechanical integrity of the tooth with long-term durability. Here, we describe a biomimetic treatment that promotes dentin repair using a mineralization-directing peptide, sADP5, derived from amelogenin. The occlusion was achieved through a layer-by-layer peptide-guided remineralization process that forms an infiltrating mineral layer on dentin. The structure, composition, and nanomechanical properties of the remineralized dentin were analyzed by cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy imaging, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and nanomechanical testing. The elemental analysis provided calcium and phosphate compositions that are similar to those in hydroxyapatite. The measured average hardness and reduced elastic modulus values for the mineral layer were significantly higher than those of the demineralized and sound human dentin. The structural integration of the new mineral and underlying dentin was confirmed by thermal aging demonstrating no physical separation. These results suggest that a structurally robust and mechanically durable interface is formed between the interpenetrating mineral layer and underlying dentin that can withstand long-term mechanical and thermal stresses naturally experienced in the oral environment. The peptide-guided remineralization procedure described herein could provide a foundation for the development of highly effective oral care products leading to novel biomimetic treatments for a wide range of demineralization-related ailments and, in particular, offers a potent long-term solution for dentin hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz T. Yucesoy
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
- Phone: +90-232-750-6959.
| | - Hanson Fong
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - John Hamann
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Eric Hall
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Sami Dogan
- Department
of Restorative Dentistry, University of
Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Mehmet Sarikaya
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Phone: +1-206-543-0724. Fax: +1-206-543-3100.
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Effects of different irrigation protocols on dentin surfaces as revealed through quantitative 3D surface texture analysis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22073. [PMID: 33328515 PMCID: PMC7744534 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has been advocated as an effective irrigation methodology to remove organic and inorganic matter in root canal therapy. Yet, it was suggested that both solutions might lead to structural changes of the dentinal wall surface, depending on the order of application which might affect sealer mechanical retention. This study aims to evaluate the effect of different irrigating protocols on dentin surface roughness using quantitative 3D surface texture analysis. Data stems from 150 human root dentin sections, divided into five groups, each prepared according to one of the following protocols: Negative control; 17% EDTA; 17% EDTA followed by 5.25% NaOCl; 5.25% NaOCl; and 5.25% NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA. Each dentin sample was examined for its three-dimensional surface texture using a high-resolution confocal disc-scanning measuring system. EDTA 17% and the combined EDTA 17% with NaOCl 5.25% showed considerably higher roughness properties compared to the control and to NaOCl 5.25% alone. However, the irrigation sequence did not affect the dentin roughness properties. Therefore, mechanical retention is probably not dependent upon the selection of irrigation protocol sequence.
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Chapman NR, Jones SB, Bahal P, He T, Drake P, Zou Y, West NX. The ability of a potassium oxalate gel strip to occlude human dentine tubules; a Novel in vitro: In situ Study. J Dent 2020; 100:103437. [PMID: 32736082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine if an oxalate strip reduced fluid flow in dentine samples and whether this reduction was maintained following a 14 day intra-oral period. METHODS Dentine tubule fluid flow was measured by a modified Pashley cell in 40 acid-etched dentine discs 1 mm thick, diameter >10 mm, with an acquired pellicle, pre-equilibrated with Hartmann's solution and conditioned by toothbrushing, pre and post treatment (10 min) with an oxalate (3.14 %) gel strip or no treatment. One control and one test sample were exposed in-situ for 14 days to the oral environment in 20 healthy adult volunteers, and fluid flow re-measured. The appliance containing the two samples was removed for brushing with water after mealtimes when the participant brushed their teeth and for a 2 min daily soak in chlorhexidine. RESULTS Fluid flow rate was reduced significantly immediately following treatment with the oxalate strip compared to baseline flow rate by 58 %. Following 14 days in-situ oral environment phase, a significant further reduction in fluid flow compared to baseline was identified in both control and oxalate strip treated samples, both (p < 0.0001), but the reduction was greater in the test samples, 94 % vs 87 %, p < 0.01. CONCLUSIONS This novel investigation is the first to show fluid flow measurement using the Pashley model in dentine samples that have been housed in the mouth for 14 days. Treatment with an oxalate strip designed for dentine hypersensitivity alleviation reduced dentine fluid flow more than control providing evidence that the oxalate treatment withstood the oral environment over a prolonged time. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrated the efficacy and durability of the oxalate precipitate over a 14 day period in achieving and maintaining dentine tubule occlusion when participants had no dietary restrictions. This demonstrates the suitability of the oxalate strip for the treatment of patients suffering from dentine hypersensitivity pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Chapman
- Clinical Trials Unit, Bristol Dental Hospital, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Siân Bodfel Jones
- Clinical Trials Unit, Bristol Dental Hospital, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Priya Bahal
- Clinical Trials Unit, Bristol Dental Hospital, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
| | - Tao He
- Procter & Gamble, Mason, Ohio, USA.
| | | | | | - Nicola X West
- Clinical Trials Unit, Bristol Dental Hospital, Lower Maudlin Street, Bristol, BS1 2LY, United Kingdom.
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João-Souza SH, Scaramucci T, Bühler Borges A, Lussi A, Saads Carvalho T, Corrêa Aranha AC. Influence of desensitizing and anti-erosive toothpastes on dentine permeability: An in vitro study. J Dent 2019; 89:103176. [PMID: 31351084 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study analyzed the effect of desensitizing and/or anti-erosive toothpastes on dentine permeability. METHODS One-mm dentin discs were prepared from human molars and exposed to EDTA solution (5 min, 17%). Initial dentine permeability was measured, under constant pressure. Specimens were randomly allocated into 10 groups: four anti-erosive toothpastes (calcium silicate + sodium phosphate, potassium nitrate, stannous chloride + chitosan, oligopeptide-104); four desensitizing toothpastes (arginine + calcium carbonate, calcium sodium phosphosilicate, strontium acetate, stannous fluoride); and two controls (regular fluoridated toothpaste, and human saliva). They were submitted to a 5-day erosion-abrasion cycling model. Erosion consisted of immersion in citric acid (2 min, 0.3%, natural pH ˜ 2.6, 4x/day), followed by 1 h exposure to human saliva. Specimens were brushed for 15 s (2 N, 45 strokes) with the toothpaste slurries (total exposure time of 2 min). After 5 cycles, the final dentine permeability was determined. Dentine permeability change was calculated as a percentage of the initial hydraulic conductance (%Lp). Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α=0.05). RESULTS The toothpastes calcium silicate + sodium phosphate and potassium nitrate, showed significant decrease in %Lp, with no difference between them. The regular fluoridated toothpaste also decreased the %Lp, not differing from potassium nitrate. No desensitizing toothpaste showed change in %Lp. Human saliva, oligopeptide-104 and stannous chloride + chitosan presented significant increase in %Lp, without difference between them. CONCLUSION Calcium silicate + sodium phosphate, potassium nitrate, and the regular fluoridated toothpaste decreased dentine permeability, whereas the desensitizing toothpastes tested did not. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Toothpastes had distinct impacts on dentine permeability, which may reflect a variable effect on the treatment of dentine hypersensitivity. Within the limitations of a laboratory-based study, toothpastes with an anti-erosive claim could also be effective in reducing the pain in dentine hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Helena João-Souza
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tais Scaramucci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Bühler Borges
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Av. Eng. Francisco José Longo 777, São José dos Campos, Brazil.
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Thiago Saads Carvalho
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Ana Cecília Corrêa Aranha
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Kanehira M, Ishihata H, Araki Y, Takahashi H, Sasaki K, Finger WJ. Effect of artificial saliva on permeability of dentin treated with phosphate containing desensitizer measured by digital flow meter. Dent Mater J 2019; 38:963-969. [PMID: 31434831 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of artificial saliva on permeability measured using a highly sensitive digital flow meter of dentin discs treated with a phosphate containing desensitizer compound (Teethmate desensitizer; TD). Four random groups (n=10) were treated either with TD or distilled water (DW), then stored in artificial saliva (AS) or DW for 1 day, 1 week and 1 month. Flow rates under 2 kPa pressure were calculated as percentage reduction (PR%) from the baseline. The PR% of TD/AS group was significantly lower after 1 day and 1 week, but the PR%s of 1 month groups among TD/AS, TD/DW and DW/AS were not significantly different. The SEM photograph of TD/AS group displayed that the dentin surface was densely covered with mineral deposits. Ca and phosphate ions from the artificial saliva could penetrate into the tubules and precipitate as hydroxyapatite, resulting in the reduction in permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Kanehira
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Hiroshi Ishihata
- Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Biology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Yasuyuki Araki
- Functional Photochemistry and Chemical Biology, Division of Organic- and Bio-Materials Research, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Department of Oral Biomaterials Engineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Keiichi Sasaki
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Werner J Finger
- Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry
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7
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Choi AN, Jang IS, Son SA, Jung KH, Park JK. Effect of erosive and abrasive stress on sealing ability of different desensitizers: In-vitro study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220823. [PMID: 31369650 PMCID: PMC6675100 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study examined the sealing ability of different desensitizing agents under a chemo-mechanical stress condition. For the study, a total of 144 extracted, caries-free human third molars were used to produce 1 mm-thick dentin discs. The specimens were divided randomly into four groups: Superseal (SS), Gluma (GL), Gluma Self-etch (GS), and Tooth Coat (TC). For each group, the permeability was measured before and after applying the desensitizer, after being exposed to Coca Cola for 5 minutes, and after 3150 strokes of a brushing abrasion. The decrease in permeability after the erosive and abrasive stress was analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test. As a result, the dentin permeability decreased significantly for all desensitizers immediately after application (p < 0.05). SS and GS showed a significant difference in permeability reduction observed immediately after application and after acid action with Coca Cola (p < 0.05). After brushing abrasion, the permeability reduction decreased significantly for all desensitizers tested in this study (p < 0.05). TC showed the largest decrease in dentinal permeability compared to that of the other desensitizers and the differences were significant after brushing abrasion (p < 0.05). All tested desensitizers were effective in reducing dentin permeability. The behavioral characteristics under erosive and abrasive stress varied according to the products used. TC exhibited excellent sealing ability among the other desensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Na Choi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Il-Seok Jang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung-Ae Son
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Hwa Jung
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jeong-Kil Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Dental Research Institute, Yangsan, Korea
- * E-mail:
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8
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Durgalakshmi D, Ajay Rakkesh R, Kesavan M, Ganapathy S, Ajithkumar TG, Karthikeyan S, Balakumar S. Highly reactive crystalline-phase-embedded strontium-bioactive nanorods for multimodal bioactive applications. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:1764-1776. [PMID: 29808842 DOI: 10.1039/c8bm00362a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, a crystallization-induced strontium-bioactive material, with a composition similar to Bioglass 45S5 system, was obtained using a sol-gel-assisted microwave method with nanorod morphologies of 30-80 nm in size. The effect of crystallization induced in the glass network, and its influence on the bioactivity and mechanical properties of bone and dentin regeneration, were the main novel findings of this work. Rietveld analysis of X-ray diffraction spectra showed the best fit with sodium (combeite, Na2Ca2Si3O9) and calcium (clinophosinaite, Ca2Na6O14P2Si2; calcium strontium silicate, Ca1.5O4SiSr0.5; and calcium carbonate, CaCO3) enriched crystal systems. Multinuclear solid-state NMR studies provided detailed atomistic insight into the presence of crystalline mineral phases in the bioactive material. The dentin matrix and antibacterial studies showed good results for 5% strontium-substituted calcium compared with basic 45S5 composition due to its smaller particle size (30 nm), which suggested applications to dentin regeneration. Simulation studies have been demonstrated with clinophosinaite crystal data from the XRD spectra, with the glycoprotein salivary metabolites also showing that 5% strontium-substituted calcium has a higher binding affinity for the salivary compound, which is suitable for dentin regeneration applications. In vitro apatite formation studies showed that this material is suitable for bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Durgalakshmi
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Madras, Chennai, India.
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9
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Priya NT, Vemisetty H, Sudireddy K, Surakanti JR, Vanapatla A, Maradi AK. Effect of Preetching on Microleakage with All-In-One Adhesives Using Calcium-Based Desensitizers: An In vitro Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2018; 9:S266-S271. [PMID: 30294156 PMCID: PMC6169268 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_208_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of calcium-based desensitizers on the microleakage with and without preetching enamel in Class V cavities restored with all-in-one adhesives. Materials and Methods Class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of 100 extracted human premolars. A total of 100 box-shaped cavities were divided into five groups (n = 20). Group 1 - no desensitizer was applied and Groups 2 and 4 - desensitizer (CCP-ACP and Novamin) was applied, respectively, followed by the application of G-Bond and restored with composite restoration. Groups 3 and 5 are same as Group 2 and 4, but preetching of enamel was done for 3 s after desensitizers application. The teeth were thermocycled and the specimens were examined for microleakage using methylene blue as a marker. The teeth were sectioned buccolingually and evaluated for microleakage under stereomicroscope and the scores obtained were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results Statistically significant difference existed between Groups 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). There was also statistically significant difference between Groups 4 and 5 (P < 0.05). Groups 3 and 5 showed significantly less microleakage (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference in microleakage values was observed between the two desensitizers CCP-ACP and Novamin. Conclusion The application of calcium-containing desensitizers with selective etch enamel technique in all-in-one adhesives could be considered an advisable procedure to minimize microleakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Tulasi Priya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Harikumar Vemisetty
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Keerthi Sudireddy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Jayaprada Reddy Surakanti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Amulya Vanapatla
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
| | - Anil Kumar Maradi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kamineni Institute of Dental Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India
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The Effectiveness of Remineralizing Agents on Dentinal Permeability. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:4072815. [PMID: 30276206 PMCID: PMC6157146 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4072815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of remineralizing agents in reducing dentine permeability by tubule occlusion using fluid filtration device functioning at 100 cmH2O (1.4 psi) pressure and SEM/EDX analysis were evaluated and compared. Seventy (n = 70) dentine discs of 1±0.2 mm width were prepared from sound permanent human molars. Fifty (n = 50) dentine discs were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 10): Group 1: GC Tooth Mousse Plus (Recaldent GC Corporation Tokyo, Japan), Group 2: Clinpro™ White Varnish (3M ESPE, USA), Group 3: Duraphat® Varnish (Pharbil Waltrop GmbH, Germany), Group 4: Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief™ dentifrice (Colgate Palmolive, Thailand), and Group 5: Biodentine™ (Septodont/UK). Dentine permeability was measured after treatment application at 10 minutes, artificial saliva immersion at 7 days, and citric acid challenge for 3 minutes. Data were analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Dentine specimens (n = 20) were used for SEM/EDX analyses to obtain qualitative results on dentine morphology and surface deposits. Each treatment agent significantly reduced dentine permeability immediately after treatment application and created precipitates on treated dentine surfaces. All agents increased permeability values after 7 days of artificial saliva immersion except Clinpro White Varnish and Biodentine. Clinpro White Varnish exhibited significant resistance to acid challenge compared to others. Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief dentifrice has a dual mechanism of action in reducing the dentine sensitivity.
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11
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Kurt S, Kırtıloğlu T, Yılmaz NA, Ertaş E, Oruçoğlu H. Evaluation of the effects of Er:YAG laser, Nd:YAG laser, and two different desensitizers on dentin permeability: in vitro study. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1883-1890. [PMID: 29850962 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2546-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser, neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser, PrevDent nano-hydroxyapatite toothpaste plus Repairing Serum Kit (PNH), and NUPRO Sensodyne Prophylaxis Paste with NovaMin (NPP) on dentin permeability reduction. Forty dentin discs obtained from bovine incisors were divided into four study groups: Er:YAG laser-treated (2940 nm; 0.2 W, 80 mJ/pulse, 3 Hz); Nd:YAG laser-treated (1064 nm; 1 W, 10 Hz); PNH-treated; and NPP-treated groups. The quantitative changes in permeability of each dentin disc were measured using a computerized fluid filtration method (CFFM) before and after desensitizer treatments. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon, paired-samples t, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests. The dentin surfaces and tubules were also morphologically detected by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In all groups, dentin permeability was significantly reduced after the desensitizer and laser treatments (p < 0.05). Among the groups, we detected a significant difference in only when comparing the Er:YAG laser- and NPP-treated groups (p = 0.034). SEM analysis revealed physical changes in the dentin surface in all groups. This in vitro study shows that all tested desensitizers and laser treatments reduced dentin permeability. Also, surface changes, such as complete or partial occlusion or shrinkage of dentin tubules, were observed in all groups. Although the laser groups performed best, the PNH protocol can be considered as an alternative therapeutic product. In addition, clinical and laboratory studies should be performed for this product, and their efficacy should be assessed by combined therapy with lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Kurt
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Tuğrul Kırtıloğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Nasibe Aycan Yılmaz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Ertan Ertaş
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Hasan Oruçoğlu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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12
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Yang H, Chen Z, Yan H, Huang C. Effects of calcium-containing desensitizers on the bonding stability of an etch-and-rinse adhesive against long-term water storage and pH cycling. Dent Mater J 2018; 37:122-129. [PMID: 29176299 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2017-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two calcium-containing desensitizing pastes on the bonding stability of an etch-and-rinse (E&R) adhesive to dentine. After dentine hypersensitivity model established, dentine surfaces were assigned one of the following pretreatment: Group 1, no desensitizer; Group 2, CPP-ACP; and Group 3, Novamin. Specimens were then bonded with an E&R adhesive. Beams from each tooth were randomly divided into three subgroups and then subjected to microtensile bond strength (MTBS) test after 24 h; 12 months of water storage; or 15 runs of pH cycling. Failure modes, nanoleakage, and tubule-occluding effectiveness were analyzed. Results showed that CPP-ACP- or Novamin-pretreated specimens mainly preserved the bonding strength after 12 months of water storage, while effective tubule occlusion could be observed. The results suggested that the calcium-containing desensitizers were compatible pretreatment for bonding with E&R adhesives to obtain reliable long-term bonding strength and prevention of post-operative sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- College of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University
| | - Huiyi Yan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University
| | - Cui Huang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University
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13
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Ishihata H, Kanehira M, Finger WJ, Takahashi H, Tomita M, Sasaki K. Effect of two desensitizing agents on dentin permeability in vitro. J Appl Oral Sci 2017; 25:34-41. [PMID: 28198974 PMCID: PMC5289398 DOI: 10.1590/1678-77572016-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of two desensitizing agents and water on hydraulic conductance in human dentin. Material and Methods GLUMA Desensitizer PowerGel (GLU) contains glutaraldehyde (GA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and Teethmate Desensitizer (TD) is a powder comprising tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) that is mixed with water. Deionized water was used as a negative control (CTR). Thirty discs with a thickness of 1.2 mm were cut from the coronal dentin of the third molars and cleaned with 0.5 M EDTA (pH 7.4). After being mounted in a split-chamber device, the discs were pressurized with water at 1 kPa and 3 kPa in order to measure flow rates with a highly sensitive micro-flow sensor and to calculate hydraulic conductance as a baseline value (BL). Following the application of GLU, TD, and CTR (n=10), hydraulic conductance was remeasured with intermittent storage in water after 15 min, 1 d, 1 w, and 1 m. Reduction in permeability (PR%) was calculated from hydraulic conductance. Data were statistically analyzed using nonparametric methods (α<0.05). Representative discs were inspected by SEM. Results PR% for GLU and TD were 30-50% 15 min and 1 m after their application. Post hoc tests indicated that PR% of CTR was significantly greater than those of GLU and TD at all time points tested. The PR% of GLU and TD were not significantly different. SEM examinations showed noncollapsed collagen meshes at the tubular entrances after GLU, and crystalline precipitates occluding the tubular orifices after TD, whereas CTR specimens showed typical patterns of etched dentin. Conclusions The present study on hydraulic conductance in dentin discs treated with two chemically different desensitizing agents and water as a control demonstrated that both products may be characterized as effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ishihata
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Biology, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masafumi Kanehira
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Werner J Finger
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Takahashi
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Oral Biomaterials Engineering, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Tomita
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Clinical Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Sasaki
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Dentistry, Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Department of Oral Function and Morphology, Sendai, Japan
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Chersoni S, Suppa P, Grandini S, Goracci C, Monticelli F, Yiu C, Huang C, Prati C, Breschi L, Ferrari M, Pashley DH, Tay FR. In vivo and in vitro Permeability of One-step Self-etch Adhesives. J Dent Res 2016; 83:459-64. [PMID: 15153452 DOI: 10.1177/154405910408300605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesive dentistry should effectively restore the peripheral seal of dentin after enamel removal. We hypothesize that non-rinsing, simplified, one-step self-etch adhesives are effective for minimizing dentin permeability after tooth preparation procedures. Crown preparations in vital human teeth were sealed with Adper Prompt, Xeno III, iBond, or One-Up Bond F. Epoxy resin replicas were produced from polyvinyl siloxane impressions for SEM examination. Dentin surfaces from extracted human teeth were bonded with these adhesives and connected to a fluid-transport model for permeability measurements and TEM examination. Dentinal fluid droplets were observed from adhesive surfaces in resin replicas of in vivo specimens. In vitro fluid conductance of dentin bonded with one-step self-etch adhesives was either similar to or greater than that of smear-layer-covered dentin. TEM revealed water trees within the adhesives that facilitate water movement across the polymerized, highly permeable adhesives. Both in vitro and in vivo results did not support the proposed hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chersoni
- Department of Dental Science, University of Bologna, Italy
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15
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Kunam D, Manimaran S, Sampath V, Sekar M. Evaluation of dentinal tubule occlusion and depth of penetration of nano-hydroxyapatite derived from chicken eggshell powder with and without addition of sodium fluoride: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2016; 19:239-44. [PMID: 27217637 PMCID: PMC4872578 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.181940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This in vitro study evaluated the degree of dentinal tubule occlusion and depth of penetration of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) derived from chicken eggshell powder with and without the addition of 2% sodium fluoride (NaF) using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Materials and Methods: nHAp was synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction and SEM-energy dispersive spectroscopy. Dentin discs were obtained from extracted teeth, pretreated with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for 5 min and were divided into four groups based on the experimental agents as follows: Group 1: Untreated (control), Group 2: 2% NaF, Group 3: nHAp, Group 4: Combination of nHAp and 2% NaF. The treatment protocol was carried out for 7 days, after which the specimens were viewed under SEM and CLSM. Statistical Analysis Used: One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc multiple comparison tests (P < 0.05). Results: All the experimental agents occluded the dentinal tubules, but to varying degrees and depths. Specimens treated with the combination of nHAp and 2% NaF showed complete dentinal tubular occlusion and significantly greater depth of penetration than those treated with nHAp and 2% NaF alone. Conclusion: The combination of nHAp and 2% NaF was the most effective in occluding dentinal tubules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Kunam
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sujatha Manimaran
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vidhya Sampath
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahalaxmi Sekar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SRM Dental College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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16
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Dantas EM, Amorim FKDO, Nóbrega FJDO, Dantas PMC, Vasconcelos RG, Queiroz LMG. Clinical Efficacy of Fluoride Varnish and Low-Level Laser Radiation in Treating Dentin Hypersensitivity. Braz Dent J 2016; 27:79-82. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201602422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of fluoride varnish (Fluorniz(r)) and irradiation with a gallium-arsenide-aluminum diode laser in the treatment of cervical dentin hypersensitivity. Cervical dentin hypersensitivity (CDH) is a painful condition that is highly prevalent in the world's adult population, with one in six patients presenting this symptom. Eighty-six teeth were divided into two groups: Group 1, teeth treated with Fluorniz; Group 2, teeth irradiated with a GaAlAs laser at a 4 J/cm2 dose. The two treatments were applied to the buccal cervical region in four sessions, at intervals of 72 to 96 h. The response of the patient to tactile and thermal-evaporative stimuli was rated on a visual analog scale. The results showed a reduction of hypersensitivity in response to tactile and thermal-evaporative stimulation at the end of treatment in both groups. In conclusion, short-term treatment with Fluorniz was found to be more effective than low-level laser radiation in reducing cervical dentin hypersensitivity.
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17
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Sehmi H, Olley RC. The effect of toothbrush abrasion force on dentine hypersensitivity in-vitro. J Dent 2015; 43:1442-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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18
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Farooq I, Moheet IA, AlShwaimi E. In vitro dentin tubule occlusion and remineralization competence of various toothpastes. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:1246-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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In Vitro Ability of a Novel Nanohydroxyapatite Oral Rinse to Occlude Dentine Tubules. Int J Dent 2015; 2015:153284. [PMID: 26161093 PMCID: PMC4469758 DOI: 10.1155/2015/153284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives. The aim of the study was to investigate the ability of a novel nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) desensitizing oral rinse to occlude dentine tubules compared to selected commercially available desensitizing oral rinses. Methods. 25 caries-free extracted molars were sectioned into 1 mm thick dentine discs. The dentine discs (n = 25) were etched with 6% citric acid for 2 minutes and rinsed with distilled water, prior to a 30-second application of test and control oral rinses. Evaluation was by (1) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the dentine surface and (2) fluid flow measurements through a dentine disc. Results. Most of the oral rinses failed to adequately cover the dentine surface apart from the nHa oral rinse. However the hydroxyapatite, 1.4% potassium oxalate, and arginine/PVM/MA copolymer oral rinses, appeared to be relatively more effective than the nHA test and negative control rinses (potassium nitrate) in relation to a reduction in fluid flow measurements. Conclusions. Although the novel nHA oral rinse demonstrated the ability to occlude the dentine tubules and reduce the fluid flow measurements, some of the other oral rinses appeared to demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in fluid flow through the dentine disc, in particular the arginine/PVM/MA copolymer oral rinse.
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20
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Cruciata F, Pizzo G. Il management dell’ipersensibilità dentinale: dalla ricerca alla clinica. DENTAL CADMOS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0011-8524(14)70217-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Lin M, Genin GM, Xu F, Lu T. Thermal Pain in Teeth: Electrophysiology Governed by Thermomechanics. APPLIED MECHANICS REVIEWS 2014; 66:0308011-3080114. [PMID: 25516631 PMCID: PMC4240033 DOI: 10.1115/1.4026912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 02/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermal pain arising from the teeth is unlike that arising from anywhere else in the body. The source of this peculiarity is a long-standing mystery that has begun to unravel with recent experimental measurements and, somewhat surprisingly, new thermomechanical models. Pain from excessive heating and cooling is typically sensed throughout the body through the action of specific, heat sensitive ion channels that reside on sensory neurons known as nociceptors. These ion channels are found on tooth nociceptors, but only in teeth does the pain of heating differ starkly from the pain of cooling, with cold stimuli producing more rapid and sharper pain. Here, we review the range of hypotheses and models for these phenomena, and focus on what is emerging as the most promising hypothesis: pain transduced by fluid flowing through the hierarchical structure of teeth. We summarize experimental evidence, and critically review the range of heat transfer, solid mechanics, fluid dynamics, and electrophysiological models that have been combined to support this hypothesis. While the results reviewed here are specific to teeth, this class of coupled thermomechanical and neurophysiological models has potential for informing design of a broad range of thermal therapies and understanding of a range of biophysical phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Guy M Genin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, and School of Engineering, Washington University , St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - TianJian Lu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China e-mail:
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22
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Milia E, Castelli G, Bortone A, Sotgiu G, Manunta A, Pinna R, Gallina G. Short-term response of three resin-based materials as desensitizing agents under oral environmental exposure. Acta Odontol Scand 2013; 71:599-609. [PMID: 22891890 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2012.700063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper focuses on clinical responses after 7 days of oral exposure to two resin-based materials as desensitizing agents compared to a fluoride varnish and on morphological and analytical study as a means to elucidate the mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The elemental composition of Vertise™ Flow (VF), Universal Dentine Sealant (UDS) and Flor-Opal® Varnish (FOV) were investigated by using an X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDX) in conjunction with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM morphology of the material-treated dentine surfaces and pain reduction ability according to the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were evaluated in selected hypersensitive teeth. Post treatments and 7 day controls were recorded with SEM and VAS measurements. Clinical data was analysed with the Student's t-test for paired data, with a 5% significance level. RESULTS Silicon, ytterbium and alumina were the most present elements in VF, whilst calcium, chloride, silicon and alumina were highest in UDS. Within a 7 day oral environment all the tested materials modified the treated-dentine surfaces showing tubular occlusion of different morphology. Clinically, the efficacy of all materials was similar after a 7-day examination. However, VAS scores were significantly reduced if compared with the baseline (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this study, data indicate that both resins are effective in sealing tubules and reducing VAS. A resin-related effect on the dentine's morphology was observed, which may influence the long-term response of the resins in the treatment of dental hypersensitivity, which requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle Milia
- Department of Surgery, Microsurgery and Medicine, University of Sassari, Italy.
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23
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Yuan P, Shen X, Liu J, Hou Y, Zhu M, Huang J, Xu P. Effects of dentifrice containing hydroxyapatite on dentinal tubule occlusion and aqueous hexavalent chromium cations sorption: a preliminary study. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45283. [PMID: 23300511 PMCID: PMC3532500 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to endow environmental protection features to dentifrice, hydroxyapatite (HA) was added to ordinary dentifrice. The effects on dentinal tubule occlusion and surface mineralization were compared after brushing dentine discs with dentifrice with or without HA. The two types of dentifrice were then added to 100 µg/ml of hexavalent chromium cation (Cr6+) solution in order to evaluate their capacities of adsorbing Cr6+ from water. Our results showed that the dentifrice containing HA was significantly better than the ordinary dentifrice in occluding the dentinal tubules with a plugging rate greater than 90%. Moreover, the effect of the HA dentifrice was persistent and energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) revealed that the atomic percentages of calcium and phosphorus on the surface of dentine discs increased significantly. Adding HA to ordinary dentifrice significantly enhanced the ability of dentifrice to adsorb Cr6+ from water with the removal rate up to 52.36%. In addition, the sorption was stable. Our study suggests that HA can be added to ordinary dentifrice to obtain dentifrice that has both relieving dentin hypersensitivity benefits and also helps to control environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyan Yuan
- Laboratory for Oral Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Shen
- Department of Stomatology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Laboratory for Oral Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yarong Hou
- Laboratory for Oral Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manqun Zhu
- Laboratory for Oral Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiansheng Huang
- Laboratory for Oral Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingping Xu
- Laboratory for Oral Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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24
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Akatsuka R, Ishihata H, Noji M, Matsumura K, Kuriyagawa T, Sasaki K. Effect of hydroxyapatite film formed by powder jet deposition on dentin permeability. Eur J Oral Sci 2012; 120:558-62. [PMID: 23167474 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2012.01003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A powder jet deposition (PJD) process can be used to create a thick hydroxyapatite (HA) film on the surface of a human tooth. This study aimed to investigate in vitro the ability of an HA film, applied using PJD, to diminish dentin permeability. Discs of human coronal dentin were cut perpendicular to the tooth axis and the smear layer was removed by EDTA treatment. The HA film was created by accelerating HA particles, calcinated at 1200°C, onto the dentin discs at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The surfaces and cross-sections of the HA PJD-treated samples were observed using scanning electron microscopy. Their permeability was indirectly recorded with a split-chamber device utilizing a chemiluminescence technique. MS-coat, a commercial dentin-desensitizing agent, was also evaluated for its effect on reducing liquid flow through the dentin. The scanning electron microscopy images showed that the HA particles were successfully deposited onto the dentin and solidly into the dentin tubules. The permeability of dentin after application of the HA films was significantly lower than that following application of MS-coat. This study showed the potential clinical application of PJD techniques in desensitizing dentin hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Akatsuka
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan.
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25
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LIN M, LUO ZY, BAI BF, XU F, LU TJ. FLUID DYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF SHEAR STRESS ON NERVE ENDINGS IN DENTINAL MICROTUBULE: A QUANTITATIVE INTERPRETATION OF HYDRODYNAMIC THEORY FOR DENTAL PAIN. J MECH MED BIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219519411003983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Noxious thermal and/or mechanical stimuli applied to dentine can cause fluid flow in dentinal microtubules (DMTs). The fluid flow induces shear stress (SS) on intradental nerve endings and may excite pulpal mechanoreceptors to generate dental pain sensation. There exist numerous studies on dental thermal pain, but few are mathematical. For this, we developed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of dentinal fluid flow (DFF) in innervated DMTs. Based on this model, we systematically investigated the effects of various parameters (e.g., biological structure, DFF velocity, and fluid properties) on the SS experienced by intradental nerve endings and thus provide a quantitative interpretation to the hydrodynamic theory. The dimensions of biological structures, odontoblastic process (OP) movement, dentinal fluid velocity, and viscosity were found to have significant influences on the SS while dentinal fluid density showed negligible influence under conditions studied. The results indicate that: (i) dental pain study of animal models may not be directly applied to human being and the results may even vary from one person to another and (ii) OP movement caused by DFF changes the dimension of the space for the fluid flow, affecting thus the SS on nerve endings. The present work enables better understanding of the mechanisms underlying dental pain sensation and quantification of dental pain intensity resulted from clinical procedures such as dentine sensitivity testing and dental restorative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. LIN
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomechanics Center, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - Z. Y. LUO
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - B. F. BAI
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
| | - F. XU
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomechanics Center, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
- HST-Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T. J. LU
- Biomedical Engineering and Biomechanics Center, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China
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Ishihata H, Finger WJ, Kanehira M, Shimauchi H, Komatsu M. In vitro dentin permeability after application of Gluma® desensitizer as aqueous solution or aqueous fumed silica dispersion. J Appl Oral Sci 2011; 19:147-53. [PMID: 21552716 PMCID: PMC4243753 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572011000200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 11/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess and to compare the effects of Gluma® Desensitizer (GDL) with an
experimental glutaraldehyde and HEMA containing fumed silica dispersion (GDG) on
dentin permeability using a chemiluminous tracer penetration test. Material and Methods Twenty disc-shaped dentin specimens were dissected from extracted human third
molars. The dentin specimens were mounted in a split chamber device for
determination of permeability under liquid pressure using a photochemical method.
Ten specimens were randomly selected and allocated to the evaluation groups Gluma®
Desensitizer as aqueous solution and glutaraldehyde/HEMA as fumed silica
dispersion, respectively. Dentin disc permeability was determined at two pressure
levels after removal of smear with EDTA, after albumin soaking, and after
application of the desensitizing agents. Two desensitizer-treated and rinsed
specimens of each group were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for
surface remnants. Results Comparatively large standard deviations of the mean EDTA reference and albumin
soaked samples permeability values reflected the differences of the dentin
substrates. The mean chemiluminescence values of specimen treated with GDL and
GDG, respectively, were significantly reduced after topical application of the
desensitizing agents on albumin-soaked dentin. The effects of GDL and GDG on
permeability were not significantly different. Treated specimens showed no surface
remnants after rinsing. Conclusions The experimental desensitizer gel formulation reduced dentin permeability as
effectively as the original Gluma® Desensitizer solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ishihata
- Department of Oral Biology Division of Periodontology and Endodontology, Graduate Dental School, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
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27
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Effects of dentin tubule occlusion by dentifrice containing a PVM/MA bioadhesive copolymer in a silica base. J Dent 2011; 39:293-301. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Can-Karabulut DC. Influence of a dentin desensitizer and a red-wavelength diode laser application on bond strength of composite to dentin in vitro. Photomed Laser Surg 2010; 28 Suppl 2:S19-24. [PMID: 20863242 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2009.2595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of a dentin desensitizer (Smartprotect Desensitizer) and a diode laser (Scorpion Dental Optima) application on the bond strength of a composite resin material to dentin. BACKGROUND DATA Dentin-hypersensitivity treatments may influence the bond strength to dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty extracted caries-free, erupted permanent third molars were used in this study. Dentin-desensitizing agent and diode laser were applied onto the cervical dentin surfaces. Dentin surfaces that had received no treatment were used as control samples. Dentin bonding agent was applied according to the manufacturer's instructions, and the adhesion test was performed according to ISO TR 11405. RESULTS The following shear-bond strengths were obtained (mean values and standard deviations in MPa): control group, 11.73 ± 3.85 MPa; desensitizer-applied group, 11.45 ± 3.33 MPa; and diode laser-applied group, 10.52 ± 2.52 MPa. Statistical analysis showed no significant influence of the variable, different hypersensitivity treatments on shear-bond strength to dentin [analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey HSD test, p > 0.05). The data in this in vitro explorative study suggest that the short-term use of diode lasers and dentin desensitizers may not further affect the shear-bond strength of subsequent composite resin restoration to dentin. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this in vitro study, further studies are needed examining the structural changes of treated dentin and its adhesion characteristics to adhesive restorative materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz C Can-Karabulut
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey.
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Rusin RP, Agee K, Suchko M, Pashley DH. Effect of a new desensitizing material on human dentin permeability. Dent Mater 2010; 26:600-7. [PMID: 20304479 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2010.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2009] [Revised: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resin-modified glass ionomers (RMGI) have demonstrated clinical success providing immediate and long-term relief from root sensitivity. RMGIs have been recently introduced as paste-liquid systems for convenience of clinical usage. The objective of this study was to measure the ability of a new paste-liquid RMGI to reduce fluid flow through human dentin, compared to an established single-bottle nanofilled total etch resin adhesive indicated for root desensitization. METHODS Dentin permeability was measured on human crown sections on etched dentin, presenting a model for the exposed tubules typical of root sensitivity, and permitting measurement of the maximum permeability. In the first two groups, the etched dentin was coated with either the RMGI or adhesive, and permeability measured on the coated dentin. In a third group, a smear layer was created on the dentin with sandpaper, then the specimens were coated with the RMGI; permeability was measured on the smeared and coated dentin. Specimens from each group were sectioned and examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS Both the resin adhesive and the new paste-liquid RMGI protective material significantly reduced fluid flow through dentin, and exhibited excellent seal on dentin with either open tubules or smear-layer occluded tubules. The RMGI infiltrated the smear layer with resin during placement, penetrated dentin tubules, and formed resin tags. SIGNIFICANCE The RMGI was equivalent to the adhesive in its ability to reduce fluid flow and seal dentin. It is therefore concluded that the new RMGI and the adhesive show the potential to offer excellent sensitivity relief on exposed root dentin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard P Rusin
- 3M ESPE Dental Products Laboratory, 3M Center 260-5S-12, Maplewood, MN 55144, USA.
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Wang Z, Sa Y, Sauro S, Chen H, Xing W, Ma X, Jiang T, Wang Y. Effect of desensitising toothpastes on dentinal tubule occlusion: a dentine permeability measurement and SEM in vitro study. J Dent 2010; 38:400-10. [PMID: 20097250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2010.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Revised: 01/10/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effectiveness of a new bioglass-containing and two commercial desensitising toothpastes on dentinal tubule occlusion after citric acid challenge or artificial saliva (AS) immersion. METHODS One hundred dentin discs from human third molars were used. Specimens were randomly divided into five groups (n=20), Group 1: EDTA-treated dentin; Group 2: brushing with distilled water; Group 3: brushing with Novamin; Group 4: brushing with Sensodyne Freshmint; Group 5: brushing with Colgate Sensitive. In each group, samples were then equally split into two subgroups (n=10) to test two post-treatments: 6% citric acid challenge or 24h immersion in artificial saliva. Dentine permeability of each specimen was measured before and after each treatment using a hydrostatic device working at 20cm H(2)O pressure. Data were analysed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA to determine if there were any significant differences within or between groups. Dentine morphology and surface deposits were observed by SEM. RESULTS All three desensitising toothpastes significantly reduced dentine permeability and created precipitates on the treated dentine surfaces. Moreover, the reductions in dentine permeability showed partial recovery after a citric acid and artificial saliva immersion. Sensodyne showed significant resistant to acid attack and Novamin exhibited the lowest permeability after artificial saliva immersion for 24h. CONCLUSIONS The application of the three toothpastes resulted in effective dentinal tubule occlusion. However, the new bioglass-containing toothpaste (Novamin) represented excellent occlusion effects after brushing treatment and AS immersion, while Sensodyne demonstrated more reduction in permeability when citric acid challenged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhejun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, PR China
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Rusin RP, Agee K, Suchko M, Pashley DH. Effect of a new liner/base on human dentin permeability. J Dent 2009; 38:245-52. [PMID: 19945499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2009.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Revised: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 11/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Resin-modified glass ionomers (RMGI) have demonstrated clinical success in their ability to minimize post-operative sensitivity of restorations. RMGIs have been recently introduced as paste-liquid systems for convenience of clinical usage. The objective of this study was to measure the ability of a new paste-liquid RMGI liner/base to reduce fluid flow through human dentin. METHODS Dentin permeability was measured on human crown sections on etched dentin, using etched dentin as a model for the exposed tubules typical of root sensitivity, and permitting measurement of the maximum permeability. In the one group, the etched dentin was coated with the RMGI, and pre- and post-treatment permeability was measured on the coated dentin. In the second group, a smear layer was created on the dentin with sandpaper, then the samples were coated with the RMGI; permeability was measured on the smeared and coated dentin. Samples from each group were sectioned and examined via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS The new paste-liquid RMGI liner/base significantly reduced fluid flow through dentin, and exhibited excellent seal on dentin with either a smear layer or open tubules. SEM images show evidence that the RMGI infiltrated the smear layer with resin during placement, penetrated dentin tubules, and formed resin tags in acid-etched dentin. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, combined with previous research on adhesion and microleakage, it is concluded that the new RMGI liner/base should minimize post-operative sensitivity in restorations.
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Tewari S, Goel A. Effect of placement agitation and drying time on dentin shear bond strength: an in vivo study. Oper Dent 2009; 34:524-30. [PMID: 19830965 DOI: 10.2341/08-045-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The current study measured the bond strength of a self-etch system to dentin with and without agitation and with varying drying times of primer in vital dentin. The null hypotheses tested were that primer agitation and primer drying time did not affect the dentin shear bond strength. Sixty human maxillary and mandibular premolars scheduled to be extracted for orthodontic reasons were selected. The adhesive/resin combination used was Clearfil SE (Kuraray, Osaka, Japan)/TPH Spectrum (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany). The occlusal surfaces of the teeth were flattened using straight fissure diamond abrasive points ISO-012. Samples were divided into six groups of 10 teeth each. Primer was applied following the manufacturer's instructions with and without agitation followed by air-drying time of 0 (without air drying), five and 10 seconds. Clearfil SE Bond was applied and cured for 10 seconds. TPH Spectrum composite, shade A2 (Dentsply DeTrey), was placed over cured adhesive and was cured for 40 seconds. The teeth were restored to their original anatomy. The teeth were extracted after one week and the samples were kept in distilled water until testing at room temperature. The samples were tested in shear at a 1 mm/minute crosshead speed using an LR100 Universal Testing Machine. The data was analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests (p < 0.05). Varying the drying time of the primer from zero (0) to 10 seconds did not significantly affect the bond strength values in vivo. At five seconds drying time, agitation significantly improved the shear bond strength to dentin. Agitation showed no effect when primer was not dried or it was dried for 10 seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Tewari
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Govt Dental College, University of Health Sciences, Rohtak Haryana, India.
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Orucoglu H, Belli S. Evaluation of the effect of four self-etching adhesives on dentin permeability. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2009; 90:110-5. [PMID: 18988276 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two two-step and two single-step self-etching adhesives on dentin permeability using a computerized fluid filtration (CFF) test method. METHODOLOGY Forty recently extracted sound human molar teeth were sectioned at the mid level of the crown to obtain dentin discs of 1 +/- 0.2 mm. A total of 40 discs were obtained and randomly divided into four groups (n = 10). The permeability of the discs was measured using the CFF test method before and after application of the following self-etching adhesives: Hybrid Bond, G-Bond, AdheSE, and Protect Bond. Fluid movement measurements were made at 2-min intervals for 8 min, and a mean of the values obtained was calculated for each specimen. RESULTS The in vitro fluid conductance of dentin discs treated with Hybrid Bond and AdheSE were lower than the dentin discs treated with G-Bond and Protect Bond (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION 1-Treating dentin discs with self-etching adhesives caused significant reduction of dentin permeability. 2-All self-etching adhesives allowed diffusion of distilled water. However, AdheSE and Hybrid Bond showed the lowest permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Orucoglu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
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Vieira AHM, Passos VF, de Assis JS, Mendonça JS, Santiago SL. Clinical Evaluation of a 3% Potassium Oxalate Gel and a GaAlAs Laser for the Treatment of Dentinal Hypersensitivity. Photomed Laser Surg 2009; 27:807-12. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2008.2364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sérgio Lima Santiago
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Effect of fluoride iontophoresis on the microtensile bond strength between dentin and two adhesive systems. J Dent 2008; 36:697-702. [PMID: 18555580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2008.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 04/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of fluoride iontophoresis on the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) between coronal dentin and two resin-based adhesive systems, and to measure quantitatively dentinal tubule occlusion. METHODS Twelve freshly extracted intact human mandibular third molars were divided randomly into four groups. The superficial occlusal dentin of each tooth was exposed and treated. Group A1: One-Step Plus total-etch adhesive system; group A2: One-Step Plus total-etch adhesive system after fluoride iontophoresis; group B1: ACE BOND SE self-etching adhesive system; group B2: ACE BOND SE self-etching adhesive system after fluoride iontophoresis. A resin composite buildup was made for each tooth, which was then sectioned along its long axis to produce 10 beams (1.0 mm x 1.0 mm) for the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) test. Five dentin disks were cut in half and their occlusal surfaces etched with 6% citric acid. The test halves were treated with fluoride iontophoresis. Four SEM photomicrographs were taken from corresponding sites on each test and each non-treated control half-disk. Image-Pro Plus 4 software quantified the percentage of tubule occlusion. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, chi(2)- and t-tests, with the probability level set at alpha=0.05. RESULTS The mean MTBS (MPa) for each group was, A1: 30.86 (S.D. 6.84); A2: 25.04 (8.49); B1: 19.22 (6.88); B2: 19.40 (6.92). There were significant differences among all groups (P < or = 0.02), except between groups B1 and B2 (P=0.92). Fluoride iontophoresis resulted in significantly increased dentinal tubule occlusion (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Fluoride iontophoresis treatment reduced significantly the dentin bond strength of One-Step Plus total-etch adhesive, but not that of ACE BOND SE self-etching adhesive. However, the bond strength of the former remained significantly higher than that of the latter adhesive system.
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Hoang-Dao BT, Hoang-Tu H, Tran-Hung L, Camps J, Koubi G, About I. Evaluation of a natural resin-based new material (Shellac F) as a potential desensitizing agent. Dent Mater 2008; 24:1001-7. [PMID: 18190956 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2007.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the cytotoxicity of Shellac F, a new fluoride varnish, and its effects on human dentin hydraulic conductance. METHODS Shellac F was compared to another fluoride varnish (Duraphat) and a fluoride containing desensitizing agent (Isodan). The cytotoxicity test was performed on human gingival fibroblasts and through dentin slice on human pulp fibroblasts. The hydraulic conductance (Lp) was recorded by fluid filtration with a Flodec device under a constant pressure (15 cm H2O). The treated surface of the dentin disks and their sections were also investigated with SEM. RESULTS The cytotoxicity test on gingival fibroblasts revealed that Duraphat was the least cytotoxic material, followed by Shellac F then Isodan. With dentin slice interposition, a lower level of cytotoxicity was obtained. All of them showed a lower cytotoxicity decreasing on further dilutions (p<0.001). The measurement of hydraulic conductance showed that all materials resulted in a significant decrease in dentin permeability after 24h comprising between 60 and 76%, but there was no statistically significant difference among the materials. This decrease was still over 50% of the initial values after 7 days for all three materials. SEM investigation showed dentin tubules covered with a thick layer of Shellac F or Duraphat whilst no material was observed on dentin surfaces treated with Isodan. SIGNIFICANCE Shellac F showed an adequate cellular compatibility and a significant effect on human dentin hydraulic conductance. This indicates that the new material is safe and seems to be effective as a potential desensitizing agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Tram Hoang-Dao
- Laboratoire IMEB, Faculté d'Odontologie, Université de la Méditerranée, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13355 Marseille, Cedex 05, Marseille, France
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Abstract
Clinical Relevance
Depending on the application of the individual adhesives used, dentin adhesives seal dentin surfaces and reduce dentinal permeability. Dentin adhesives possessing a high sealing ability for dentin surfaces are suggested for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiping Fu
- Dept of Stomatology, No 1 Hospital Aff to Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Birang R, Kaviani N, Mohammadpour M, Abed AM, Gutknecht N, Mir M. Evaluation of Nd:YAG laser on partial oxygen saturation of pulpal blood in anterior hypersensitive teeth. Lasers Med Sci 2007; 23:291-4. [PMID: 17641927 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-007-0481-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dentine hypersensitivity has of long been known to be a common clinical problem in dental practices. Lasers have recently come to play a prominent role in the treatment of this disorder. They might, however, cause dental pulp damage. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Nd:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) laser on partial oxygen saturation of pulpal blood in sensitive anterior teeth. In this clinical trial, 65 hypersensitive teeth were selected and randomly allocated to two groups. The study group involved Nd:YAG laser treatment, while no treatment was employed for the control group. Using a pulse oximetry system, evaluations were preformed of the partial oxygen saturation in the pulpal blood before, immediately after, 1 week after, and 1 month after the treatment. The results were analyzed using the SPSS software and repeated-measures analysis of variance and paired-samples t tests. The mean partial oxygen saturation of the blood was found to be 85.4% in the study group, which was not significantly different from that of the control group. No significant differences were observed in the control group between the means obtained from pretreatment and post-treatment intervals (P > 0.05). The Post-treatment partial oxygen saturation mean rose to 89.3% (P = 0.001) and remained constant throughout the following week after it. However, no significant differences were found between the pretreatment partial oxygen saturation mean and the same measurement 1 month after treatment (P = 0.702). Nd:YAG laser therapy for dentine desensitization of anterior teeth caused no persistent changes in the partial oxygen saturation of pulpal blood. It may, therefore, be concluded that the diffusion of heat induced by the Nd:YAG laser into the pulp within the limit of the desensitization parameters cause no irreversible damages in the dental pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Birang
- Department of Periodontics, Isfahan Dental School, Isfahan, Iran
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Duran I, Sengun A, Yildirim T, Ozturk B. In vitro dentine permeability evaluation of HEMA-based (desensitizing) products using split-chamber model following in vivo application in the dog. J Oral Rehabil 2005; 32:34-8. [PMID: 15634299 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01132.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro dentine permeability evaluation of 2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-based desensitizing products using split-chamber model following in vivo application in the dogs for three experimental time periods of 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. Buccal enamel of upper and lower canines of nine young dogs was removed and flat dentinal surface was obtained using a water-cooled diamond bur. The dentinal surface divided into four quarters, three experimental and a control. Health-Dent and Gluma Desensitizing agent and Single bond were applied to respective quarters of one tooth, according to manufacturers' instructions. The last quarters were left as control without any applications. For the each experimental period, 10 dentine samples from each group including control were used to measure the hydraulic conductance values. The dentine discs were placed pulp-side down in a split-chamber device in which the plastic spacers containing the rubber 0 rings have a surface area of 1 mm(2) and permeability was measured by fluid filtration. The data were expressed as hydraulic conductance (Lp). Differences in dentine permeability obtained for the desensitizing agents against the control were tested for statistical significance using Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni-adjusted Mann-Whitney U-tests. Differences in permeability in three time periods for each desensitizing agent were analysed using Friedman's anova and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. All desensitizing applications caused decreased Lp values compared with the control Lp value at the end of 1 week. In the 1-month samples, between the Lp values of Single bond and control, no statistical difference was found (P > 0.05). At the end of the 3-month period, the Gluma Desensitizing agent had the lowest the Lp value (P < 0.05). The result of this study is that the topical application of desensitizing agents led to decrease in dentine permeability in the dog model. The Gluma Desensitizing agent provide the more lasting tubule-occluding effect than the other material tested in this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Duran
- Selcuk University, School of Dentistry, 42079 Konya, Turkey
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Pillon FL, Romani IG, Schmidt ER. Effect of a 3% Potassium Oxalate Topical Application on Dentinal Hypersensitivity After Subgingival Scaling and Root Planing. J Periodontol 2004; 75:1461-4. [PMID: 15633321 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2004.75.11.1461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study aimed to verify the effect of a single application of 3% potassium oxalate gel compared to a placebo gel immediately after subgingival scaling and root planing (SRP) on dentinal hypersensitivity (DH). METHODS Fifteen patients undergoing periodontal treatment volunteered for this randomized controlled clinical trial. They presented with periodontitis on homologous contralateral canines and premolars, with complaints of dentinal hypersensitivity before periodontal therapy. Immediately after SRP under local anesthesia, the test and placebo agents were randomly applied on the cemento-enamel junction. Evaluation of DH reduction after treatment was self-reported, with assessment made by the patient's indication of how painful each treated. tooth was on a visual analog scale (VAS) at baseline, and 7, 14, and 21 days post-treatment. The results were analyzed by DH percent reduction for each observational moment in relation to baseline, for test and control teeth separately. Mean percent reductions for each group were compared by paired sample t test, with an alpha level of 0.05. RESULTS On day 7, percent reduction for the test and control groups was 29.4% and 13.4%, respectively. On day 14 it was 64.6% and 20.5%, and on day 21 it was 81% and 34.7%, respectively. Significant differences between treatments were observed at 14 and 21 days. CONCLUSION It may be concluded that subgingival scaling and root planing followed by a single application of a 3% potassium oxalate gel resulted in a significantly higher reduction of dentinal hypersensitivity at 14 and 21 days, when compared to the placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávio L Pillon
- Department of Periodontology, Brazilian Lutheran University, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Duran I, Sengun A. The long-term effectiveness of five current desensitizing products on cervical dentine sensitivity. J Oral Rehabil 2004; 31:351-6. [PMID: 15089941 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.2003.01241.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the long-term effectiveness of five desensitizing products on 25 male and 27 female patients (total 52) aged 21-67 years (mean 36 +/- 7 years) suffering from cervical dentine sensitivity. All subjects were seen by the same examiner (ID) who was blinded to the applied treatment for 3-month clinical study. Patients were asked to record their overall sensitivity by marking a point on a 10 cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Two hundred and seventy-seven sensitive teeth were treated by one of the five desensitizing products, all of which were placed following manufacturers' instructions by the other investigator (AS). A paired (split mouth) study design was used and selection of quadrants was randomized. At the post-treatment and at 10 days and 3 months periods, sensitivity measurements were recorded by the same investigator (ID). Statistical analysis showed that all of the VAS scores at post-treatment evaluation points were significantly decreased compared with baseline data (P < 0.05). There was a significant reduction in mean sensitivity scores in the Protect Liner F and the Health-Dent Desensitizer groups when compared with Fluoline varnish at the 10-day time point (P < 0.05). At 3 months, the Protect Liner F group continued to show a significantly reduced sensitivity level when compared with Health-Dent Desensitizer, Single Bond, Fluoline and Gluma Desensitizer (P < 0.05). The present study demonstrated that although at the end of 3-month evaluation period all desensitizers showed lower VAS sensitivity values compared with baseline, there were differences in the level of reduction of cervical dentine sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Duran
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Pereira JC, Martineli ACBF, Tung MS. Replica of human dentin treated with different desensitizing agents: a methodological SEM study in vitro. Braz Dent J 2003; 13:75-85. [PMID: 12238807 DOI: 10.1590/s0103-64402002000200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This is a preliminary study to determine a methodological sequence in vitro which may allow the reproduction of dentin for SEM analysis, after the use of different desensitizing agents. Dentin discs obtained from extracted human third molars were etched with 6% citric acid, an artificial smear layer was created and the surface dentin discs were divided into four quadrants. Quadrants 2, 3 and 4 of each disc were conditioned with 6% citric acid. The desensitizing agents (Oxa-Gel, Gluma Desensitizer and an experimental agent) were applied to quadrants 3 and 4. To evaluate the acid resistance of the treatment, quadrant 4 was etched again with 6% citric acid. An impression was then taken with Aquasil ULV. After a setting period of 6 min, each disc was removed from the impression and stored in a moist-free environment for 24 h at 37 degrees C. After that time, a low-viscosity epoxy resin (Araltec GY 1109 BR) was poured into the impression and cured for 24 h. All specimens were metal-coated for SEM analysis. Comparison of the photomicrographs of dentin discs with their respective impressions and resin replicas showed that this technique can reproduce the characteristics of the dentin surface treated with desensitizing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Carlos Pereira
- Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials Department, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Pradelle-Plasse N, Wenger F, Colon P. Effect of conditioners on dentin permeability using an impedance method. J Dent 2002; 30:251-7. [PMID: 12450716 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-5712(02)00042-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of our in vitro study was to contribute to an elaboration of a protocol to evaluate the permeability of dentin and the effect of different acid conditioners by means of the electrochemical impedance technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four 1.1mm thick dentin disks were embedded in a hollow polyurethane resin cylinder. The system used was a 'like' permeation cell: two electrodes immersed in a 10(-1) KCl solution were attached to a potentiostat. It was connected to a microcomputer controlled frequency response analyzer and a 10 mV sinusoidal voltage signal over a frequency range of 1 Hz to 65 kHz was applied between the electrodes. The current passing through the dentin was measured to enable a calculation of impedance expressed in a complex number. To establish an evaluation of permeability variation, the resistance was noted for all specimens before and after the application of dentin conditioners. RESULTS The highest resistance decrease was obtained with 32% phosphoric acid and 10-3 solution which improved the permeability, respectively, 9.0 and 6.9% with no significant difference. The acidic monomer can be considered as intermediate (4.3%) between 10-3 solution and the polyacrylic acid (2.8%) with no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS By measuring electrical resistance of dentin disks with the impedance method, we can evaluate the ionic conduction through the sample and achieve quantitative values about permeability. The action of dentin conditioners can be significantly evaluated regarding their action in terms of resistance of the etched zone (REZ) and increasing dentin permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly Pradelle-Plasse
- Hôtel Dieu, Université Denis Diderot, Service d'Odontologie Garancière, Departement of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Paris, France.
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