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Liang L, Wang P, Li Z, Zhu Y. Preparation and Characterization of Bismaleimide-Resin-Based Composite Materials. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:1727. [PMID: 38673085 PMCID: PMC11051448 DOI: 10.3390/ma17081727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This study utilized bismaleimide (BMI) resin, reinforced with introduced ether bonds, as a binding matrix, in combination with silicon carbide (SiC), for the fabrication of composite materials. A thorough investigation was conducted to assess the influence of diverse processing parameters on the mechanical properties and high-temperature thermo-oxidative stability of these composites. Experimental results indicate a notable improvement in the mechanical properties of the composites upon the incorporation of ether bonds, in contrast to their unmodified counterparts. The variation in performance among composites with different ratios and molding densities is apparent. Within a certain range, an increase in resin content and molding density is correlated with improved bending strength in the composites. With a resin content of 27.5 vol% and a molding density of 2.31 g/cm3, the composite achieved a maximum flexural strength of 109.52 MPa, representing a 24% increase compared to its pre-modification state. Even after exposure to high-temperature heat treatment, the composites displayed commendable mechanical properties compared to their pre-ether bond modification counterparts, maintaining 74.5% of the strength of the untreated composites at 300 °C. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) microstructures of composite materials correlate remarkably well with their mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yumei Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; (L.L.); (P.W.); (Z.L.)
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Cai H, Shi J, Zhang X, Yang Z, Weng L, Wang Q, Yan S, Yu L, Yang J. Characterization of Mechanical, Electrical and Thermal Properties of Bismaleimide Resins Based on Different Branched Structures. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030592. [PMID: 36771893 PMCID: PMC9919665 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bismaleimide (BMI) resin is an excellent performance resin, mainly due to its resistance to the effect of heat and its insulating properties. However, its lack of toughness as a cured product hampers its application in printed circuit boards (PCBs). Herein, a branched structure via Michael addition was introduced to a BMI system to reinforce its toughness. Compared with a pure BMI sample, the flexural strength of the modified BMI was enhanced, and its maximum value of 189 MPa increased by 216%. The flexural modulus of the cured sample reached 5.2 GPa. Using a scanning electron microscope, the fracture surfaces of BMI samples and a transition from brittle fracture to ductile fracture were observed. Furthermore, both the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss of the cured resin decreased. The breakdown field strength was raised to 37.8 kV/mm and the volume resistivity was improved to varying degrees. Consequently, the resulting modified BMI resin has the potential for wide application in high-frequency and low-dielectric resin substrates, and the modified BMI resin with a structure including three different diamines can meet the needs of various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihui Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jiahao Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhou Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
- Harbin Institute of Large Electrical Machinery, Harbin 150040, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydropower Equipment, Harbin 150040, China
- Harbin Electric Machinery Company Limited, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Ling Weng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qingye Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shaohui Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lida Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Junlong Yang
- Harbin Electric Machinery Company Limited, Harbin 150040, China
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Yu L, Yu Y, Shi J, Zhang X, Gao F, Li C, Yang Z, Zhao J. Synthesis of a Novel Hyperbranched Polyimide for Reinforcing Toughness and Insulating Properties of Bismaleimide Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14194234. [PMID: 36236181 PMCID: PMC9571665 DOI: 10.3390/polym14194234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bismaleimide (BMI) resin has great potential in aerospace, electronic, and machinery fields due to its extraordinary thermal stability. Owing to BMI's lower impact strength, various modified BMI resins have been prepared using CTBN, PEEK, fillers, and hyperbranched polymer to achieve higher impact strength. However, enhancement of toughness causes deterioration of other performance, such as Tg, thermal stability, and brittleness. In this work, BMI resin modified by hyperbranched polyimide (HBPI) was obtained. HBPI designed with flexible segments, unsaturated bonds, and a low degree of branching was synthesized. FT-IR and 13C-NMR were applied to confirm the successful fabrication of HBPI. The mechanical strength and dielectric properties of cured BMI resin containing various levels of HBPI were analyzed systematically. The impact and bending strength were improved significantly with increased HBPI content. When the content of HBPI is 40 wt.%, the impact strength and bending strength reach the maximum value of 32 kJ/mm and 88 MPa. In addition, the BMI cured with HBPI exhibits enhanced bending modulus to the value of 5.9 GPa. Furthermore, the dielectric strength of cured resin was improved to 28.3 kV/mm. The improved mechanical strength and enhanced dielectric properties are attributed to the increasing free volume induced by HBPI. These results indicate the promise of BMI resin modified by HBPI applied in insulating coatings and low dielectric laminates used in high frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lida Yu
- Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Jiahao Shi
- Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Chenhao Li
- Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
- Harbin Institute of Large Electrical Machinery, Harbin 150040, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydropower Equipment, Harbin 150040, China
- Harbin Electric Machinery Company Limited, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jingui Zhao
- Harbin Electric Machinery Company Limited, Harbin 150040, China
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Wang D, Zhao L, Yang H, Yue C, Li H, Xiao W, Liu C, Qu C. High temperature and toughened bismaleimide structural film adhesive for high performance CFRP bonding over 300 °C. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Zou Q, Xiao F, Gu SQ, Li J, Zhang DJ, Liu YF, Chen XB. Toughening of Bismaleimide Resin Based on the Self-Assembly of Flexible Aliphatic Side Chains. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zou
- Science and Technology on Advanced Composites Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Aero Engine Corporation of China, Beijing 100079, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Science and Technology on Advanced Composites Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Aero Engine Corporation of China, Beijing 100079, China
| | - Shan Q. Gu
- Science and Technology on Advanced Composites Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Aero Engine Corporation of China, Beijing 100079, China
| | - Jun Li
- Science and Technology on Advanced Composites Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Aero Engine Corporation of China, Beijing 100079, China
| | - Dai J. Zhang
- Science and Technology on Advanced Composites Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Aero Engine Corporation of China, Beijing 100079, China
| | - Yan F. Liu
- Science and Technology on Advanced Composites Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Aero Engine Corporation of China, Beijing 100079, China
| | - Xiang B. Chen
- Science and Technology on Advanced Composites Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Aero Engine Corporation of China, Beijing 100079, China
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Ren Z, Hao S, Xing Y, Yang C, Dai S. Asymmetric bismaleimide-based high-performance resins with improved processability and high Tg over 400 °C. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008319826368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric 2-(4′-maleimido)phenyl-2-(4′-maleimidophenoxyl)phenylbutane (EBA-BMI) was successfully mixed with N, N′-(4,4′-diphenylmethane)bismaleimide (DDM-BMI) to prepare the matrix resins for high-temperature fiber-reinforced polymeric composites (glass transition temperature ( Tg) > 400°C). Experimental results imply that DDM-BMI/EBA-BMI (DE-BMIs) show excellent melting performance with wide processing temperature window and low molten viscosity, suggesting excellent compatibility between DDM-BMI and EBA-BMI. For example, the viscosity of DE-BMI41 (DDM-BMI/EBA-BMI, 4/1) is about 474–51 mPa·s in the temperature range of 148–180 °C. In addition, cured DE-BMIs represent remarkable thermal properties with Tg over 400°C, under which the storage modulus could still reach as high as 3.2 GPa. Meanwhile, the coefficient of thermal expansion of these cured resins is about 36–40 ppm °C−1 at 50–250°C, and the 5% weight loss temperature is about 470°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Ren
- Research Center of Graphene Applications, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Sijia Hao
- Research Center of Graphene Applications, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xing
- Research Center of Graphene Applications, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Research Center of Graphene Applications, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
| | - Shenglong Dai
- Research Center of Graphene Applications, AECC Beijing Institute of Aeronautical Materials, Beijing, China
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