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Husby ML, Amiar S, Prugar LI, David EA, Plescia CB, Huie KE, Brannan JM, Dye JM, Pienaar E, Stahelin RV. Phosphatidylserine clustering by the Ebola virus matrix protein is a critical step in viral budding. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e51709. [PMID: 36094794 PMCID: PMC9638875 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a critical lipid factor in the assembly and spread of numerous lipid-enveloped viruses. Here, we describe the ability of the Ebola virus (EBOV) matrix protein eVP40 to induce clustering of PS and promote viral budding in vitro, as well as the ability of an FDA-approved drug, fendiline, to reduce PS clustering and subsequent virus budding and entry. To gain mechanistic insight into fendiline inhibition of EBOV replication, multiple in vitro assays were run including imaging, viral budding and viral entry assays. Fendiline lowers PS content in mammalian cells and PS in the plasma membrane, where the ability of VP40 to form new virus particles is greatly lower. Further, particles that form from fendiline-treated cells have altered particle morphology and cannot significantly infect/enter cells. These complementary studies reveal the mechanism by which EBOV matrix protein clusters PS to enhance viral assembly, budding, and spread from the host cell while also laying the groundwork for fundamental drug targeting strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica L Husby
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease (PI4D)Purdue University, West LafayetteWest LafayetteINUSA
| | - Souad Amiar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease (PI4D)Purdue University, West LafayetteWest LafayetteINUSA
| | - Laura I Prugar
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIIDFort DetrickFrederickMDUSA
| | - Emily A David
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA
| | - Caroline B Plescia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA
| | - Kathleen E Huie
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIIDFort DetrickFrederickMDUSA
| | - Jennifer M Brannan
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIIDFort DetrickFrederickMDUSA
| | - John M Dye
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases USAMRIIDFort DetrickFrederickMDUSA
| | - Elsje Pienaar
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease (PI4D)Purdue University, West LafayetteWest LafayetteINUSA
- Weldon School of Biomedical EngineeringPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA
| | - Robert V Stahelin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular PharmacologyPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA
- Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease (PI4D)Purdue University, West LafayetteWest LafayetteINUSA
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2
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Efficacy of a Three Drug-Based Therapy for Neuroblastoma in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136753. [PMID: 34201814 PMCID: PMC8268736 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) still remains the most dangerous tumor in early childhood. For this reason, the identification of new therapeutic approaches is of fundamental importance. Recently, we combined the conventional pharmacological approach to NB, represented by cisplatin, with fendiline hydrochloride, an inhibitor of several transporters involved in multidrug resistance of cancer cells, which demonstrated an enhancement of the ability of cisplatin to induce apoptosis. In this work, we co-administrated acetazolamide, a carbonic anhydrase isoform IX (CAIX) inhibitor which was reported to increase chemotherapy efficacy in various cancer types, to the cisplatin/fendiline approach in SKNBE2 xenografts in NOD-SCID mice with the aim of identifying a novel and more effective treatment. We observed that the combination of the three drugs increases more than twelvefold the differences in the cytotoxic activity of cisplatin alone, leading to a remarkable decrease of the expression of malignancy markers. Our conclusion is that this approach, based on three FDA-approved drugs, may constitute an appropriate improvement of the pharmacological approach to HR-NB.
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Brizzolara A, Garbati P, Vella S, Calderoni M, Quattrone A, Tonini GP, Capasso M, Longo L, Barbieri R, Florio T, Pagano A. Co-Administration of Fendiline Hydrochloride Enhances Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Cisplatin in Neuroblastoma Treatment. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225234. [PMID: 33182713 PMCID: PMC7698186 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant improvement of neuroblastoma (NB) patients’ survival due to recent treatment advancements in recent years, NB is still associated with high mortality rate. In search of novel strategies to increase NB’s susceptibility to pharmacological treatments, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of fendiline hydrochloride as an enhancer of cisplatin antitumor activity. To assess the modulation of fendiline treatment on cisplatin responses, we used in vitro (evaluating NB cell proliferation by XCELLigence technology and colony formation, and gene expression by RT-PCR) and in vivo (NB cell grafts in NOD-SCID mice) models of NB. NB cell treatment with fendiline induced the expression of the ncRNA NDM29, leading to cell differentiation and to the reduction of the expression of MDRs/ABC transporters linked to multidrug resistance. These events were correlated to higher NB cell susceptibility to cisplatin and, consequently, increased its cytotoxic potency. In vivo, this drug interaction causes an enhanced ability of cisplatin to induce apoptosis in NB masses, resulting in tumor growth reduction and prolonged animal survival rate. Thus, the administration of fendiline might be a possible novel therapeutic approach to increase cisplatin efficacy in aggressive and poorly responsive NB cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrizia Garbati
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (P.G.); (M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Serena Vella
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Advanced Biotechnologies, Institute of Hospitalization and Care of a Scientific Nature—Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Highly Specialized Therapies (IRCCS- ISMETT), 90127 Palermo, Italy;
- Anemocyte S.r.l., 21040 Gerenzano, Italy
| | - Matilde Calderoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (P.G.); (M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Alessandro Quattrone
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
| | - Gian Paolo Tonini
- Neuroblastoma Laboratory, Pediatric Research Institute, The “Città della Speranza” Foundation, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Mario Capasso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80145 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
- SDN Research Institute Diagnostics and Nuclear, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Longo
- Lung Cancer Unit, Division of Medical Oncology II, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Raffaella Barbieri
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (P.G.); (M.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Tullio Florio
- IRCCS AOU San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.B.); (T.F.)
- Department of Internal Medicine (DIMI), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | - Aldo Pagano
- IRCCS AOU San Martino Polyclinic Hospital, 16132 Genova, Italy; (A.B.); (T.F.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy; (P.G.); (M.C.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-5558213
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Abstract
Macrophages are well known for their phagocytic activity and their role in innate immune responses. Macrophages eat non-self particles, via a variety of mechanisms, and typically break down internalized cargo into small macromolecules. However, some pathogenic agents have the ability to evade this endosomal degradation through a nonlytic exocytosis process termed vomocytosis. Macrophages are well known for their phagocytic activity and their role in innate immune responses. Macrophages eat non-self particles, via a variety of mechanisms, and typically break down internalized cargo into small macromolecules. However, some pathogenic agents have the ability to evade this endosomal degradation through a nonlytic exocytosis process termed vomocytosis. This phenomenon has been most often studied for Cryptococcus neoformans, a yeast that causes roughly 180,000 deaths per year, primarily in immunocompromised (e.g., human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) patients. Existing dogma purports that vomocytosis involves distinctive cellular pathways and intracellular physicochemical cues in the host cell during phagosomal maturation. Moreover, it has been observed that the immunological state of the individual and macrophage phenotype affect vomocytosis outcomes. Here we compile the current knowledge on the factors (with respect to the phagocytic cell) that promote vomocytosis of C. neoformans from macrophages.
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The effect of magnolol on Ca 2+ homeostasis and its related physiology in human oral cancer cells. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 89:49-54. [PMID: 29471192 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Magnolol, a polyphenol compound from herbal medicines, was shown to alter physiology in various cell models. However, the effect of magnolol on Ca2+ homeostasis and its related physiology in oral cancer cells is unclear. This study examined whether magnolol altered Ca2+ signaling and cell viability in OC2 human oral cancer cells. METHODS Cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in suspended cells were measured by using the fluorescent Ca2+-sensitive dye fura-2. Cell viability was examined by 4-[3-[4-lodophenyl]-2-4(4-nitrophenyl)-2H-5-tetrazolio-1,3-benzene disulfonate] water soluble tetrazolium-1 (WST-1) assay. RESULTS Magnolol at concentrations of 20-100 μM induced [Ca2+]i rises. Ca2+ removal reduced the signal by approximately 50%. Magnolol (100 μM) induced Mn2+ influx suggesting of Ca2+ entry. Magnolol-induced Ca2+ entry was partially suppressed by protein kinase C (PKC) regulators, and inhibitors of store-operated Ca2+ channels. In Ca2+-free medium, treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitor 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ) abolished magnolol-evoked [Ca2+]i rises. Conversely, treatment with magnolol abolished BHQ-evoked [Ca2+]i rises. Inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) with U73122 partially inhibited magnolol-induced [Ca2+]i rises. Magnolol at 20-100 μM decreased cell viability, which was not reversed by pretreatment with the Ca2+ chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA/AM). CONCLUSIONS Together, in OC2 cells, magnolol induced [Ca2+]i rises by evoking partially PLC-dependent Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca2+ entry via PKC-sensitive store-operated Ca2+ entry. Magnolol also caused Ca2+-independent cell death. Therefore, magnolol-induced cytotoxicity may not be involved in activation mechanisms associated with intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in oral cancer cells.
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Samantaray S, Correia JN, Garelnabi M, Voelz K, May RC, Hall RA. Novel cell-based in vitro screen to identify small-molecule inhibitors against intracellular replication of Cryptococcus neoformans in macrophages. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2016; 48:69-77. [PMID: 27289450 PMCID: PMC4942879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans poses a major threat to immunocompromised patients and is a leading killer of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients worldwide. Cryptococci are known to manipulate host macrophages and can either remain latent or proliferate intracellularly within the host phagocyte, a favourable niche that also renders them relatively insensitive to antifungal agents. Here we report an attempt to address this limitation by using a fluorescence-based drug screening method to identify potential inhibitors of intracellular proliferation of C. neoformans. The Prestwick Chemical Library(®) of FDA-approved small molecules was screened for compounds that limit the intracellular replication of a fluorescently-tagged C. neoformans reference strain (H99-GFP) in macrophages. Preliminary screening revealed 19 of 1200 compounds that could significantly reduce intracellular growth of the pathogen. Secondary screening and host cell cytotoxicity assays highlighted fendiline hydrochloride as a potential drug candidate for the development of future anticryptococcal therapies. Live cell imaging demonstrated that this Ca(2+) channel blocker strongly enhanced phagosome maturation in macrophages leading to improved fungal killing and reduced intracellular replication. Whilst the relatively high dose of fendiline hydrochloride required renders it unfit for clinical deployment against cryptococcosis, this study highlights a novel approach for identifying new lead compounds and unravels a pharmacologically promising scaffold towards the development of novel antifungal therapies for this neglected disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Samantaray
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Joao N Correia
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mariam Garelnabi
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kerstin Voelz
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Robin C May
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Rebecca A Hall
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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7
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Zeniou M, Fève M, Mameri S, Dong J, Salomé C, Chen W, El-Habr EA, Bousson F, Sy M, Obszynski J, Boh A, Villa P, Assad Kahn S, Didier B, Bagnard D, Junier MP, Chneiweiss H, Haiech J, Hibert M, Kilhoffer MC. Chemical Library Screening and Structure-Function Relationship Studies Identify Bisacodyl as a Potent and Selective Cytotoxic Agent Towards Quiescent Human Glioblastoma Tumor Stem-Like Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134793. [PMID: 26270679 PMCID: PMC4536076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells reside in hypoxic and slightly acidic tumor niches. Such microenvironments favor more aggressive undifferentiated phenotypes and a slow growing "quiescent state" which preserves them from chemotherapeutic agents that essentially target proliferating cells. Our objective was to identify compounds active on glioblastoma stem-like cells, including under conditions that mimick those found in vivo within this most severe and incurable form of brain malignancy. We screened the Prestwick Library to identify cytotoxic compounds towards glioblastoma stem-like cells, either in a proliferating state or in more slow-growing "quiescent" phenotype resulting from non-renewal of the culture medium in vitro. Compound effects were assessed by ATP-level determination using a cell-based assay. Twenty active molecules belonging to different pharmacological classes have thus been identified. Among those, the stimulant laxative drug bisacodyl was the sole to inhibit in a potent and specific manner the survival of quiescent glioblastoma stem-like cells. Subsequent structure-function relationship studies led to identification of 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl-2-pyridyl-methane (DDPM), the deacetylated form of bisacodyl, as the pharmacophore. To our knowledge, bisacodyl is currently the only known compound targeting glioblastoma cancer stem-like cells in their quiescent, more resistant state. Due to its known non-toxicity in humans, bisacodyl appears as a new potential anti-tumor agent that may, in association with classical chemotherapeutic compounds, participate in tumor eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Zeniou
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Marie Fève
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Samir Mameri
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Jihu Dong
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Christophe Salomé
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Wanyin Chen
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Elias A. El-Habr
- Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS, CNRS UMR 8246/ Inserm U1130/ UPMC UMCR18, 7 quai Saint Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Fanny Bousson
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Mohamadou Sy
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Julie Obszynski
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Alexandre Boh
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Pascal Villa
- Plateforme de Chimie Biologie Intégrative (PCBIS), Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMS 3286, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, ESBS Pôle API-Bld Sébastien Brant, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Suzana Assad Kahn
- Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS, CNRS UMR 8246/ Inserm U1130/ UPMC UMCR18, 7 quai Saint Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Didier
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
- Plateforme de Chimie Biologie Intégrative (PCBIS), Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMS 3286, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, ESBS Pôle API-Bld Sébastien Brant, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Dominique Bagnard
- U682, Inserm, Université de Strasbourg, 3, Avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Junier
- Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS, CNRS UMR 8246/ Inserm U1130/ UPMC UMCR18, 7 quai Saint Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Chneiweiss
- Neuroscience Paris Seine-IBPS, CNRS UMR 8246/ Inserm U1130/ UPMC UMCR18, 7 quai Saint Bernard, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jacques Haiech
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Marcel Hibert
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Marie-Claude Kilhoffer
- Laboratoire d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université de Strasbourg / CNRS UMR7200, Laboratoire d’Excellence Medalis, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France
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Chien W, Sun QY, Lee KL, Ding LW, Wuensche P, Torres-Fernandez LA, Tan SZ, Tokatly I, Zaiden N, Poellinger L, Mori S, Yang H, Tyner JW, Koeffler HP. Activation of protein phosphatase 2A tumor suppressor as potential treatment of pancreatic cancer. Mol Oncol 2015; 9:889-905. [PMID: 25637283 PMCID: PMC4387089 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We utilized three tiers of screening to identify novel therapeutic agents for pancreatic cancers. First, we analyzed 14 pancreatic cancer cell lines against a panel of 66 small-molecule kinase inhibitors and dasatinib was the most potent. Second, we performed RNA expression analysis on 3 dasatinib-resistant and 3 dasatinib-sensitive pancreatic cancer cell lines to profile their gene expression. Third, gene profiling data was integrated with the Connectivity Map database to search for potential drugs. Thioridazine was one of the top ranking small molecules with highly negative enrichment. Thioridazine and its family members of phenothiazine including penfluridol caused pancreatic cancer cell death and affected protein expression levels of molecules involved in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, and multiple kinase activities. This family of drugs causes activation of protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A). The drug FTY-720 (activator of PP2A) induced apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells. Silencing catalytic unit of PP2A rendered pancreatic cancer cells resistant to penfluridol. Our observations suggest potential therapeutic use of penfluridol or similar agent associated with activation of PP2A in pancreatic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Chien
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Qiao-Yang Sun
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kian Leong Lee
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ling-Wen Ding
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peer Wuensche
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Siew Zhuan Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Itay Tokatly
- Cancer Research Center, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer 52621, Israel
| | - Norazean Zaiden
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lorenz Poellinger
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seiichi Mori
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Henry Yang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - H Phillip Koeffler
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA; National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
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9
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Abstract
Oncogenic mutant K-Ras is highly prevalent in multiple human tumors. Despite significant efforts to directly target Ras activity, no K-Ras-specific inhibitors have been developed and taken into the clinic. Since Ras proteins must be anchored to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane (PM) for full biological activity, we devised a high-content screen to identify molecules with ability to displace K-Ras from the PM. Here we summarize the biochemistry and biology of three classes of compound identified by this screening method that inhibit K-Ras PM targeting: staurosporine and analogs, fendiline, and metformin. All three classes of compound significantly abrogate cell proliferation and Ras signaling in K-Ras-transformed cancer cells. Taken together, these studies provide an important proof of concept that blocking PM localization of K-Ras is a tractable therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Jin Cho
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dharini van der Hoeven
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John F Hancock
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
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10
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Chi CC, Chou CT, Liang WZ, Jan CR. Effect of the pesticide, deltamethrin, on Ca2+signaling and apoptosis in OC2 human oral cancer cells. Drug Chem Toxicol 2013; 37:25-31. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2013.806528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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11
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Chien JM, Chou CT, Lu YC, Lu T, Chi CC, Tseng LL, Liu SI, Cheng JS, Kuo CC, Liang WZ, Jan CR. Effect of the environmental pollutant bisphenol A dimethacylate (BAD) on Ca2+ movement and viability in OC2 human oral cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 35:178-184. [PMID: 23318710 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Revised: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The environmental pollutant bisphenol A dimethacylate (BAD) has been used as a dental composite. The effect of BAD on cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)]i) and viability in OC2 human oral cancer cells was explored. The Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2 was applied to measure [Ca(2+)]i. BAD induced [Ca(2+)]i rises in a concentration-dependent manner. The response was reduced by removing extracellular Ca(2+). BAD-evoked Ca(2+) entry was suppressed by nifedipine, econazole, and SK&F96365. In Ca(2+)-free medium, incubation with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor thapsigargin abolished BAD-induced [Ca(2+)]i rise. Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 did not alter BAD-induced [Ca(2+)]i rise. At 10-30μM, BAD inhibited cell viability, which was not reversed by chelating cytosolic Ca(2+). BAD (20-30μM) also induced apoptosis. Collectively, in OC2 cells, BAD induced a [Ca(2+)]i rise by evoking phospholipase C-independent Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca(2+) entry via store-operated Ca(2+) channels. BAD also caused apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jau-Min Chien
- Department of Pediatrics, Ping Tung Christian Hospital, Ping Tung 900, Taiwan
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12
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Fendiline inhibits K-Ras plasma membrane localization and blocks K-Ras signal transmission. Mol Cell Biol 2012; 33:237-51. [PMID: 23129805 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00884-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ras proteins regulate signaling pathways important for cell growth, differentiation, and survival. Oncogenic mutant Ras proteins are commonly expressed in human tumors, with mutations of the K-Ras isoform being most prevalent. To be active, K-Ras must undergo posttranslational processing and associate with the plasma membrane. We therefore devised a high-content screening assay to search for inhibitors of K-Ras plasma membrane association. Using this assay, we identified fendiline, an L-type calcium channel blocker, as a specific inhibitor of K-Ras plasma membrane targeting with no detectable effect on the localization of H- and N-Ras. Other classes of L-type calcium channel blockers did not mislocalize K-Ras, suggesting a mechanism that is unrelated to calcium channel blockade. Fendiline did not inhibit K-Ras posttranslational processing but significantly reduced nanoclustering of K-Ras and redistributed K-Ras from the plasma membrane to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and cytosol. Fendiline significantly inhibited signaling downstream of constitutively active K-Ras and endogenous K-Ras signaling in cells transformed by oncogenic H-Ras. Consistent with these effects, fendiline blocked the proliferation of pancreatic, colon, lung, and endometrial cancer cell lines expressing oncogenic mutant K-Ras. Taken together, these results suggest that inhibitors of K-Ras plasma membrane localization may have utility as novel K-Ras-specific anticancer therapeutics.
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Chi CC, Chou CT, Kuo CC, Hsieh YD, Liang WZ, Tseng LL, Su HH, Chu ST, Ho CM, Jan CR. Effect of m-3m3FBS on Ca2+ handling and viability in OC2 human oral cancer cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 99:74-86. [PMID: 22425810 DOI: 10.1556/aphysiol.99.2012.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effect of 2,4,6-trimethyl-N-(meta-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-benzenesulfonamide (m-3M3FBS), a presumed phospholipase C activator, on cytosolic free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in OC2 human oral cancer cells is unclear. This study explored whether m-3M3FBS changed basal [Ca2+]i levels in suspended OC2 cells by using fura-2 as a Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent dye. M-3M3FBS at concentrations between 10-60 μM increased [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner. The Ca2+ signal was reduced partly by removing extracellular Ca2+. M-3M3FBS-induced Ca2+ influx was inhibited by the store-operated Ca2+ channel blockers nifedipine, econazole and SK&F96365, and by the phospholipase A2 inhibitor aristolochic acid. In Ca2+-free medium, 30 μM m-3M3FBS pretreatment inhibited the [Ca2+]i rise induced by the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump inhibitors thapsigargin and 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ). Conversely, pretreatment with thapsigargin, BHQ or cyclopiazonic acid partly reduced m-3M3FBS-induced [Ca2+]i rise. Inhibition of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate formation with U73122 did not alter m-3M3FBS-induced [Ca2+]i rise. At concentrations between 5 and 100 μM m-3M3FBS killed cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The cytotoxic effect of m-3M3FBS was not reversed by prechelating cytosolic Ca2+ with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA). Propidium iodide staining data suggest that m-3M3FBS (20 or 50 μM) induced apoptosis in a Ca2+-independent manner. Collectively, in OC2 cells, m-3M3FBS induced [Ca2+]i rise by causing inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-independent Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca2+ influx via phospholipase A2-sensitive store-operated Ca2+ channels. M-3M3FBS also induced Ca2+-independent cell death and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chuan Chi
- Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Department of Otolaryngology Kaohsiung Taiwan
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Hsieh YD, Chi CC, Chou CT, Cheng JS, Kuo CC, Liang WZ, Lin KL, Tseng LL, Jan CR. Investigation of carvedilol-evoked Ca²+ movement and death in human oral cancer cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2011; 31:220-8. [PMID: 21619449 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2011.577785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The effect of carvedilol on cytosolic free Ca²⁺ concentrations ([Ca²⁺](i)) in OC2 human oral cancer cells is unknown. This study examined if carvedilol altered basal [Ca²⁺](i) levels in suspended OC2 cells by using fura-2 as a Ca²⁺-sensitive fluorescent probe. Carvedilol at concentrations between 10 and 40 µM increased [Ca²⁺](i) in a concentration-dependent fashion. The Ca²⁺ signal was decreased by 50% by removing extracellular Ca²⁺. Carvedilol-induced Ca²⁺ entry was not affected by the store-operated Ca²⁺ channel blockers nifedipine, econazole, and SK&F96365, but was enhanced by activation or inhibition of protein kinase C. In Ca²⁺-free medium, incubation with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ pump inhibitor thapsigargin did not change carvedilol-induced [Ca²⁺](i) rise; conversely, incubation with carvedilol did not reduce thapsigargin-induced Ca²⁺ release. Pretreatment with the mitochondrial uncoupler carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) inhibited carvedilol-induced [Ca²⁺](i) release. Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 did not alter carvedilol-induced [Ca²⁺](i) rise. Carvedilol at 5-50 µM induced cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. The death was not reversed when cytosolic Ca²⁺ was chelated with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA/AM). Annexin V/propidium iodide staining assay suggests that apoptosis played a role in the death. Collectively, in OC2 cells, carvedilol induced [Ca²⁺](i) rise by causing phospholipase C-independent Ca²⁺ release from mitochondria and non-endoplasmic reticulum stores, and Ca²⁺ influx via protein kinase C-regulated channels. Carvedilol (up to 50 μM) induced cell death in a Ca²⁺-independent manner that involved apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Dung Hsieh
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
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Chien JM, Chou CT, Pan CC, Kuo CC, Tsai JY, Liao WC, Kuo DH, Shieh P, Ho CM, Chu ST, Su HH, Chi CC, Jan CR. The mechanism of sertraline-induced [Ca2+]i rise in human OC2 oral cancer cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2011; 30:1635-43. [PMID: 21247994 DOI: 10.1177/0960327110396523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Effect of sertraline, an antidepressant, on cytosolic free Ca(2+) levels ([Ca(2+)](i)) in human cancer cells is unclear. This study examined if sertraline altered basal [Ca(2+)](i) levels in suspended OC2 human oral cancer by using fura-2 as a Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent probe. At concentrations of 10-100 μM, sertraline induced a [Ca(2+)](i) rise in a concentration-dependent fashion. The Ca(2+) signal was reduced partly by removing extracellular Ca(2+) indicating that Ca(2+) entry and release both contributed to the [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Sertraline induced Mn(2+) influx, leading to quench of fura-2 fluorescence suggesting Ca(2+) influx. This Ca(2+) influx was inhibited by suppression of phospholipase A2, inhibition of store-operated Ca(2+) channels or by modulation of protein kinase C activity. In Ca(2+)-free medium, pretreatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor thapsigargin or 2,5-di-(t-butyl)-1,4-hydroquinone (BHQ) nearly abolished sertraline-induced Ca(2+) release. Conversely, pretreatment with sertraline greatly reduced the inhibitor-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise, suggesting that sertraline released Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum. Inhibition of phospholipase C did not change sertraline-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Together, in human oral cancer cells, sertraline induced [Ca(2+)](i) rises by causing phospholipase C-independent Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca(2+) influx via store-operated Ca(2+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jau-Min Chien
- Department of Pediatrics, Ping Tung Christian Hospital, Ping Tung, Taiwan
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Tseng LL, Shu SS, Kuo CC, Chou CT, Hsieh YD, Chu ST, Chi CC, Liang WZ, Ho CM, Jan CR. Effect of methoxychlor on Ca2+ handling and viability in OC2 human oral cancer cells. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 108:341-8. [PMID: 21205218 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00662.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effect of the insecticide methoxychlor on the physiology of oral cells is unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect of methoxychlor on cytosolic Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)) in human oral cancer cells (OC2) by using the Ca(2+)-sensitive fluorescent dye fura-2. Methoxychlor at 5-20 μM increased [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner. The signal was reduced by 70% by removing extracellular Ca(2+). Methoxychlor-induced Ca(2+) entry was not affected by nifedipine, econazole, SK&F96365 and protein kinase C modulators but was inhibited by the phospholipase A2 inhibitor aristolochic acid. In Ca(2+)-free medium, treatment with the endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor thapsigargin or 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone (BHQ) inhibited or abolished methoxychlor-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Incubation with methoxychlor also inhibited thapsigargin- or BHQ-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. Inhibition of phospholipase C with U73122 did not alter methoxychlor-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. At 5-20 μM, methoxychlor killed cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The cytotoxic effect of methoxychlor was not reversed by chelating cytosolic Ca(2+) with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid/AM (BAPTA/AM). Annexin V-FITC data suggest that methoxychlor (10 and 20 μM) evoked apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Together, in human OC2, methoxychlor induced a [Ca(2+)](i) rise probably by inducing phospholipase C-independent Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum and Ca(2+) entry via phospholipase A(2)-sensitive channels. Methoxychlor induced cell death that may involve apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ling Tseng
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
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Kuo DH, Liu LM, Chen HW, Chen FA, Jan CR. Econazole-induced Ca2+ fluxes and apoptosis in human oral cancer cells. Drug Dev Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.20366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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