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Shao B, Wang YZ, Fang Y. Correlation Between the Expression of DNA Damage Repair Protein OGG1 and Ubiquitination Pathway Protein STUB1 in Pediatric Neuroblastoma. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2024:1-12. [PMID: 39219028 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2024.2393351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma, a pediatric malignancy, is significantly influenced by genetic factors. Prior research indicates that the OGG1 rs1052133 G > C polymorphism correlates with a decreased risk of neuroblastoma. METHODS We analyzed 57 neuroblastoma and 21 adrenal samples, using immunohistochemistry to measure OGG1 and STUB1 expression levels. We conducted a survival analysis to explore relationship between the expressions and neuroblastoma prognosis. RESULTS Notably higher OGG1 expression and significantly lower STUB1 expression in neuroblastoma. OGG1 levels were significantly correlated with patient age, tumor location, histological grade, Shimada classification, INSS stage, and risk category. A negative association was observed between OGG1 and STUB1 expressions. Higher OGG1 expression was linked to reduced PFS and OS. Lower STUB1 expression was associated with unfavorable PFS. Additionally, OGG1 expression and risk category emerged as independent predictors of prognosis. CONCLUSION OGG1 potentially functions as an oncogene in NB, with its activity possibly modulated by STUB1 through the ubiquitination pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shao
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yi-Zhen Wang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, China
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Almohdar D, Gulkis M, Ortiz A, Tang Q, Sobol RW, Çağlayan M. Impact of polβ/XRCC1 Interaction Variants on the Efficiency of Nick Sealing by DNA Ligase IIIα in the Base Excision Repair Pathway. J Mol Biol 2024; 436:168410. [PMID: 38135179 PMCID: PMC11090158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Base excision repair (BER) requires a coordination from gap filling by DNA polymerase (pol) β to subsequent nick sealing by DNA ligase (LIG) IIIα at downstream steps of the repair pathway. X-ray cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1), a non-enzymatic scaffolding protein, forms repair complexes with polβ and LIGIIIα. Yet, the impact of the polβ mutations that affect XRCC1 interaction and protein stability on the repair pathway coordination during nick sealing by LIGIIIα remains unknown. Our results show that the polβ colon cancer-associated variant T304 exhibits a reduced interaction with XRCC1 and the mutations in the interaction interface of V303 loop (L301R/V303R/V306R) and at the lysine residues (K206A/K244A) that prevent ubiquitin-mediated degradation of the protein exhibit a diminished repair protein complex formation with XRCC1. Furthermore, we demonstrate no significant effect on gap and nick DNA binding affinity of wild-type polβ by these mutations. Finally, our results reveal that XRCC1 leads to an efficient channeling of nick repair products after nucleotide incorporation by polβ variants to LIGIIIα, which is compromised by the L301R/V303R/V306R and K206A/K244A mutations. Overall, our findings provide insight into how the mutations in the polβ/XRCC1 interface and the regions affecting protein stability could dictate accurate BER pathway coordination at the downstream steps involving nick sealing by LIGIIIα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danah Almohdar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Mitchell Gulkis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Abigail Ortiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Qun Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Robert W Sobol
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School & Legorreta Cancer Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Melike Çağlayan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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3
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Li Y, Lou J, Hong S, Hou D, Lv Y, Guo Z, Wang K, Xu Y, Zhai Y, Liu H. The role of heavy metals in the development of colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:616. [PMID: 37400750 PMCID: PMC10316626 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11120-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship among 18 heavy metals, microsatellite instability (MSI) status, ERCC1, XRCC1 (rs25487), BRAF V600E and 5 tumor markers and their role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS A total of 101 CRC patients and 60 healthy controls were recruited in the present study. The levels of 18 heavy metals were measured by ICP-MS. MSI status and the genetic polymorphism were determined by PCR (FP205-02, Tiangen Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, China) and Sanger sequencing. Spearman's rank correlation was used to analyze the relationship among various factors. RESULTS The level of selenium (Se) was lower in the CRC group compared with the control group (p < 0.01), while vanadium (V), arsenic (As), tin (Sn), barium (Ba) and lead (Pb) were higher (p < 0.05), chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in the CRC group than those in the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that Cr, Cu, As and Ba were the risk factors for CRC. In addition, CRC was positively correlated with V, Cr, Cu, As, Sn, Ba and Pb, but negatively correlated with Se. MSI was positively correlated with BRAF V600E, but negatively correlated with ERCC1. BRAF V600E was positively correlated with antimony (Sb), thallium (Tl), CA19-9, NSE, AFP and CK19. XRCC1 (rs25487) was found to be positively correlated with Se but negatively correlated with Co. The levels of Sb and Tl were significantly higher in the BRAF V600E positive group compared to the negative group. The mRNA expression level of ERCC1 was significantly higher (P = 0.035) in MSS compared to MSI. And there was a significant correlation between XRCC1 (rs25487) polymorphism and MSI status (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The results showed that low level of Se and high levels of V, As, Sn, Ba, Pb, Cr, and Cu increased the risk of CRC. Sb and Tl may cause BRAF V600E mutations, leading to MSI. XRCC1 (rs25487) was positively correlated with Se but negatively correlated with Co. The expression of ERCC1 may be related to MSS, while the XRCC1 (rs25487) polymorphism is related to MSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsheng Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Jingwei Lou
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Shaozhong Hong
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Dengfeng Hou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Yandong Lv
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Zhiqiang Guo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201204, China
| | - Yufeng Zhai
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201204, China.
| | - Hongzhou Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, 046000, China.
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Silva MAP, Braz LG, Braz JRC, Braz MG. Modulation of gene expression and inflammation but not DNA damage after sevoflurane anesthesia. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2023. [PMID: 37000683 DOI: 10.1002/em.22539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed, for the first time, the expression of the genes hOGG1, TP53, and IL-6 in leukocytes by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in surgical patients before (baseline), during (2 h of anesthesia) and 1 day after sevoflurane anesthesia. Additionally, DNA damage was detected by the comet assay, serum interleukin (IL)-6 was detected by flow cytometry, and differential leukocyte counting was also performed. TP53 and hOGG1 expression was downregulated on the day after anesthesia compared to before anesthesia. However, IL-6 expression did not change, and no DNA damage induction was observed during or after anesthesia. At the systemic level, mild neutrophilia and an increase in IL-6 levels occurred after anesthesia. Our findings suggest that sevoflurane anesthesia downregulates gene expression (hOGG1 and TP53) and contributes to an inflammatory status (increased systemic IL-6 and mild neutrophilia) but is not associated with DNA damage in patients without comorbidities who undergo minor elective surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane A P Silva
- GENOTOX Laboratory, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leandro G Braz
- GENOTOX Laboratory, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Reinaldo C Braz
- GENOTOX Laboratory, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana G Braz
- GENOTOX Laboratory, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University - UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang H, Jiang PJ, Lv MY, Zhao YH, Cui J, Chen J. OGG1 contributes to hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting cell cycle-related protein expression and enhancing DNA oxidative damage repair in tumor cells. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24561. [PMID: 35723423 PMCID: PMC9279955 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to analyze the expression of 8‐oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its effect on prognosis by bioinformatics techniques and to determine its possible carcinogenic mechanism through data mining. Methods The difference in OGG1 expression between healthy people and HCC patients was searched and analyzed by TCGA and GEO databases, and the effect of OGG1 on prognosis was judged by survival analysis. Meanwhile, the possible molecular mechanism of OGG1 in the tumorigenesis and development of HCC was explored by GO analysis, KEGG analysis, immune infiltration analysis, protein–protein interaction network, promoter methylation analysis, and so forth. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to examine the gene expression in 36 pairs of HCC tissues and adjacent tissues. Results The expression of OGG1 in HCC patients was higher than that in healthy people, and the overexpression of OGG1 might stimulate cell proliferation by increasing the activity of cell cycle‐related proteins. Conclusion The alteration of OGG1 was significantly correlated with the tumorigenesis and development of HCC. OGG1 is expected to be a new biomarker for evaluating the prognosis of HCC and a new target for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng-Jun Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Lv
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Hua Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Cui
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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The scaffold protein XRCC1 stabilizes the formation of polβ/gap DNA and ligase IIIα/nick DNA complexes in base excision repair. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101025. [PMID: 34339737 PMCID: PMC8405949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The base excision repair (BER) pathway involves gap filling by DNA polymerase (pol) β and subsequent nick sealing by ligase IIIα. X-ray cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1), a nonenzymatic scaffold protein, assembles multiprotein complexes, although the mechanism by which XRCC1 orchestrates the final steps of coordinated BER remains incompletely defined. Here, using a combination of biochemical and biophysical approaches, we revealed that the polβ/XRCC1 complex increases the processivity of BER reactions after correct nucleotide insertion into gaps in DNA and enhances the handoff of nicked repair products to the final ligation step. Moreover, the mutagenic ligation of nicked repair intermediate following polβ 8-oxodGTP insertion is enhanced in the presence of XRCC1. Our results demonstrated a stabilizing effect of XRCC1 on the formation of polβ/dNTP/gap DNA and ligase IIIα/ATP/nick DNA catalytic ternary complexes. Real-time monitoring of protein–protein interactions and DNA-binding kinetics showed stronger binding of XRCC1 to polβ than to ligase IIIα or aprataxin, and higher affinity for nick DNA with undamaged or damaged ends than for one nucleotide gap repair intermediate. Finally, we demonstrated slight differences in stable polβ/XRCC1 complex formation, polβ and ligase IIIα protein interaction kinetics, and handoff process as a result of cancer-associated (P161L, R194W, R280H, R399Q, Y576S) and cerebellar ataxia-related (K431N) XRCC1 variants. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into the coordinating role of XRCC1 and the effect of its disease-associated variants on substrate-product channeling in multiprotein/DNA complexes for efficient BER.
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Wright G, Sonavane M, Gassman NR. Activated STAT3 Is a Novel Regulator of the XRCC1 Promoter and Selectively Increases XRCC1 Protein Levels in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115475. [PMID: 34067421 PMCID: PMC8196947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Base Excision Repair (BER) addresses base lesions and abasic sites induced by exogenous and endogenous stressors. X-ray cross complementing group 1 (XRCC1) functions as a scaffold protein in BER and single-strand break repair (SSBR), facilitating and coordinating repair through its interaction with a host of critical repair proteins. Alterations of XRCC1 protein and gene expression levels are observed in many cancers, including colorectal, ovarian, and breast cancer. While increases in the expression level of XRCC1 are reported, the transcription factors responsible for this up-regulation are not known. In this study, we identify the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) as a novel regulator of XRCC1 through chromatin immunoprecipitation. Activation of STAT3 through phosphorylation at Y705 by cytokine (IL-6) signaling increases the expression of XRCC1 and the occupancy of STAT3 within the XRCC1 promoter. In triple negative breast cancer, the constitutive activation of STAT3 upregulates XRCC1 gene and protein expression levels. Increased expression of XRCC1 is associated with aggressiveness and resistance to DNA damaging chemotherapeutics. Thus, we propose that activated STAT3 regulates XRCC1 under stress and growth conditions, but constitutive activation in cancers results in dysregulation of XRCC1 and subsequently BER and SSBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griffin Wright
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 307 N University Blvd, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (G.W.); (M.S.)
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604-1405, USA
| | - Manoj Sonavane
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 307 N University Blvd, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (G.W.); (M.S.)
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604-1405, USA
| | - Natalie R. Gassman
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, 307 N University Blvd, Mobile, AL 36688, USA; (G.W.); (M.S.)
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, 1660 Springhill Avenue, Mobile, AL 36604-1405, USA
- Correspondence:
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Alekseeva IV, Bakman AS, Iakovlev DA, Kuznetsov NA, Fedorova OS. Comparative Analysis of the Activity of the Polymorphic Variants of Human Uracil-DNA-Glycosylases SMUG1 and MBD4. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321020035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Tiwari V, Baptiste BA, Okur MN, Bohr VA. Current and emerging roles of Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) protein. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:2418-2434. [PMID: 33590097 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a segmental premature aging syndrome caused primarily by defects in the CSA or CSB genes. In addition to premature aging, CS patients typically exhibit microcephaly, progressive mental and sensorial retardation and cutaneous photosensitivity. Defects in the CSB gene were initially thought to primarily impair transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER), predicting a relatively consistent phenotype among CS patients. In contrast, the phenotypes of CS patients are pleiotropic and variable. The latter is consistent with recent work that implicates CSB in multiple cellular systems and pathways, including DNA base excision repair, interstrand cross-link repair, transcription, chromatin remodeling, RNAPII processing, nucleolin regulation, rDNA transcription, redox homeostasis, and mitochondrial function. The discovery of additional functions for CSB could potentially explain the many clinical phenotypes of CSB patients. This review focuses on the diverse roles played by CSB in cellular pathways that enhance genome stability, providing insight into the molecular features of this complex premature aging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Tiwari
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Beverly A Baptiste
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mustafa N Okur
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Toprani SM, Bitounis D, Qiansheng H, Oliveira N, Ng KW, Tay CY, Nagel ZD, Demokritou P. High-Throughput Screening Platform for Nanoparticle-Mediated Alterations of DNA Repair Capacity. ACS NANO 2021; 15:4728-4746. [PMID: 33710878 PMCID: PMC8111687 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The potential genotoxic effects of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) may occur through the induction of DNA damage or the disruption of DNA repair processes. Inefficient DNA repair may lead to the accumulation of DNA lesions and has been linked to various diseases, including cancer. Most studies so far have focused on understanding the nanogenotoxicity of ENM-induced damages to DNA, whereas the effects on DNA repair have been widely overlooked. The recently developed fluorescence multiplex-host-cell reactivation (FM-HCR) assay allows for the direct quantification of multiple DNA repair pathways in living cells and offers a great opportunity to address this methodological gap. Herein an FM-HCR-based method is developed to screen the impact of ENMs on six major DNA repair pathways using suspended or adherent cells. The sensitivity and efficiency of this DNA repair screening method were demonstrated in case studies using primary human small airway epithelial cells and TK6 cells exposed to various model ENMs (CuO, ZnO, and Ga2O3) at subcytotoxic doses. It was shown that ENMs may inhibit nucleotide-excision repair, base-excision repair, and the repair of oxidative damage by DNA glycosylases in TK6 cells, even in the absence of significant genomic DNA damage. It is of note that the DNA repair capacity was increased by some ENMs, whereas it was suppressed by others. Overall, this method can be part of a multitier, in vitro hazard assessment of ENMs as a functional, high-throughput platform that provides insights into the interplay of the properties of ENMs, the DNA repair efficiency, and the genomic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneh M Toprani
- John B Little Center of Radiation Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Dimitrios Bitounis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Huang Qiansheng
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Nathalia Oliveira
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kee Woei Ng
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institution, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore 637141, Singapore
| | - Chor Yong Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
| | - Zachary D Nagel
- John B Little Center of Radiation Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 655 Huntington Ave Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Liu Z, Xiao Z, Li M, Xiao Y, Wang X, He J, Li Y. Association Between Arg72Pro Polymorphism in TP53 and Malignant Abdominal Solid Tumor Risk in Hunan Children. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211004880. [PMID: 33759598 PMCID: PMC8204553 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211004880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric solid tumors are heterogeneous and comprise various histological subtypes. TP53, a tumor suppressor, orchestrates the transcriptional activation of anti-cancer genes. The gene coding for this protein is highly polymorphic, and its mutations are associated with cancer development. The Arg72Pro polymorphism in TP53 has been associated with susceptibility to various types of cancer. Here, in this hospital-based study, we evaluated the association of this polymorphism with susceptibility toward malignant abdominal solid tumors in children in the Hunan province of China. We enrolled 162 patients with neuroblastoma, 60 patients with Wilms' tumor, and 28 patients with hepatoblastoma as well as 270 controls. Genotypes were determined using a TaqMan assay, and the strength of the association was assessed using an odds ratio, within a 95% confidence interval identified using logistic regression models. Our results showed that the Arg72Pro polymorphism did not exhibit significant association with susceptibility toward pediatric malignant abdominal solid tumors. Stratification analysis revealed that this polymorphism exerts weak sex- and age-specific effects on Wilms' tumor and hepatoblastoma susceptibility, respectively. Overall, our results indicate that the Arg72Pro polymorphism may have a marginal effect on susceptibility toward pediatric malignant abdominal solid tumors in Hunan, and this finding warrants further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenghui Xiao
- Emergency Center of Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaling Xiao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiyang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Jing He, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 9 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou 510623, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Yong Li, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hunan Children’s Hospital, 86 Ziyuan Road, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China.
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Gorini F, Scala G, Cooke MS, Majello B, Amente S. Towards a comprehensive view of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine: Highlighting the intertwined roles of DNA damage and epigenetics in genomic instability. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 97:103027. [PMID: 33285475 PMCID: PMC7926032 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.103027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), a major product of DNA oxidation, is a pre-mutagenic lesion which is prone to mispair, if left unrepaired, with 2'-deoxyadenosine during DNA replication. While unrepaired or incompletely repaired 8-oxodG has classically been associated with genome instability and cancer, it has recently been reported to have a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Despite the growing collection of genome-wide 8-oxodG mapping studies that have been used to provide new insight on the functional nature of 8-oxodG within the genome, a comprehensive view that brings together the epigenetic and the mutagenic nature of the 8-oxodG is still lacking. To help address this gap, this review aims to provide (i) a description of the state-of-the-art knowledge on both the mutagenic and epigenetic roles of 8-oxodG; (ii) putative molecular models through which the 8-oxodG can cause genome instability; (iii) a possible molecular model on how 8-oxodG, acting as an epigenetic signal, could cause the translocations and deletions which are associated with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gorini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scala
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Marcus S Cooke
- Oxidative Stress Group, Department of Cell Biology, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Barbara Majello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Amente
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples 'Federico II', Naples, Italy.
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Hughes JR, Parsons JL. The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase NEDD4L Targets OGG1 for Ubiquitylation and Modulates the Cellular DNA Damage Response. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:607060. [PMID: 33282879 PMCID: PMC7688902 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.607060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) is the major cellular enzyme required for the excision of 8-oxoguanine DNA base lesions in DNA through the base excision repair (BER) pathway, and therefore plays a major role in suppressing mutagenesis and in controlling genome stability. However, the mechanism of regulation of cellular OGG1 protein, particularly in response to oxidative stress, is unclear. We have purified the major E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for OGG1 ubiquitylation from human cell extracts, and identify this as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEDD4-like (NEDD4L). We demonstrate that recombinant NEDD4L stimulates ubiquitylation of OGG1 in vitro, particularly on lysine 341, and that NEDD4L and OGG1 interact in U2OS cells. Depletion of NEDD4L in U2OS cells has no impact on the stability and steady-state protein levels of OGG1, however, OGG1 stability is enhanced in response to oxidative stress induced by ionizing radiation. Furthermore, ubiquitylation of OGG1 by NEDD4L in vitro inhibits its DNA glycosylase/lyase activity. As a consequence of prolonged OGG1 stability and increased excision activity in the absence of NEDD4L, cells display increased DNA repair capacity but conversely that this decreases cell survival post-irradiation. This effect can be reproduced following OGG1 overexpression, suggesting that dysregulation of OGG1 increases the formation of lethal intermediate DNA lesions. Our study therefore highlights the importance of balancing OGG1 protein levels and BER capacity in maintaining genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Hughes
- Cancer Research Centre, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jason L Parsons
- Cancer Research Centre, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Bebington, United Kingdom
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14
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Kladova OA, Alekseeva IV, Saparbaev M, Fedorova OS, Kuznetsov NA. Modulation of the Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease Activity of Human APE1 and of Its Natural Polymorphic Variants by Base Excision Repair Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197147. [PMID: 32998246 PMCID: PMC7583023 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is known to be a critical player of the base excision repair (BER) pathway. In general, BER involves consecutive actions of DNA glycosylases, AP endonucleases, DNA polymerases, and DNA ligases. It is known that these proteins interact with APE1 either at upstream or downstream steps of BER. Therefore, we may propose that even a minor disturbance of protein–protein interactions on the DNA template reduces coordination and repair efficiency. Here, the ability of various human DNA repair enzymes (such as DNA glycosylases OGG1, UNG2, and AAG; DNA polymerase Polβ; or accessory proteins XRCC1 and PCNA) to influence the activity of wild-type (WT) APE1 and its seven natural polymorphic variants (R221C, N222H, R237A, G241R, M270T, R274Q, and P311S) was tested. Förster resonance energy transfer–based kinetic analysis of abasic site cleavage in a model DNA substrate was conducted to detect the effects of interacting proteins on the activity of WT APE1 and its single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants. The results revealed that WT APE1 activity was stimulated by almost all tested DNA repair proteins. For the SNP variants, the matters were more complicated. Analysis of two SNP variants, R237A and G241R, suggested that a positive charge in this area of the APE1 surface impairs the protein–protein interactions. In contrast, variant R221C (where the affected residue is located near the DNA-binding site) showed permanently lower activation relative to WT APE1, whereas neighboring SNP N222H did not cause a noticeable difference as compared to WT APE1. Buried substitution P311S had an inconsistent effect, whereas each substitution at the DNA-binding site, M270T and R274Q, resulted in the lowest stimulation by BER proteins. Protein–protein molecular docking was performed between repair proteins to identify amino acid residues involved in their interactions. The data uncovered differences in the effects of BER proteins on APE1, indicating an important role of protein–protein interactions in the coordination of the repair pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A. Kladova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (O.A.K.); (I.V.A.)
| | - Irina V. Alekseeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (O.A.K.); (I.V.A.)
| | - Murat Saparbaev
- Groupe «Mechanisms of DNA Repair and Carcinogenesis», Equipe Labellisée LIGUE 2016, CNRS UMR9019, Université Paris-Saclay, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, CEDEX, F-94805 Villejuif, France;
| | - Olga S. Fedorova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (O.A.K.); (I.V.A.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.S.F.); (N.A.K.)
| | - Nikita A. Kuznetsov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (O.A.K.); (I.V.A.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: (O.S.F.); (N.A.K.)
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15
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Nilsson R, Liu NA. Nuclear DNA damages generated by reactive oxygen molecules (ROS) under oxidative stress and their relevance to human cancers, including ionizing radiation-induced neoplasia part I: Physical, chemical and molecular biology aspects. RADIATION MEDICINE AND PROTECTION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmp.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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16
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Curia MC, Catalano T, Aceto GM. MUTYH: Not just polyposis. World J Clin Oncol 2020; 11:428-449. [PMID: 32821650 PMCID: PMC7407923 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v11.i7.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MUTYH is a base excision repair enzyme, it plays a crucial role in the correction of DNA errors from guanine oxidation and may be considered a cell protective factor. In humans it is an adenine DNA glycosylase that removes adenine misincorporated in 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) pairs, inducing G:C to T:A transversions. MUTYH functionally cooperates with OGG1 that eliminates 8-oxodG derived from excessive reactive oxygen species production. MUTYH mutations have been linked to MUTYH associated polyposis syndrome (MAP), an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by multiple colorectal adenomas. MAP patients show a greatly increased lifetime risk for gastrointestinal cancers. The cancer risk in mono-allelic carriers associated with one MUTYH mutant allele is controversial and it remains to be clarified whether the altered functions of this protein may have a pathophysiological involvement in other diseases besides familial gastrointestinal diseases. This review evaluates the role of MUTYH, focusing on current studies of human neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases different to colon polyposis and colorectal cancer. This will provide novel insights into the understanding of the molecular basis underlying MUTYH-related pathogenesis. Furthermore, we describe the association between MUTYH single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and different cancer and non-cancer diseases. We address the utility to increase our knowledge regarding MUTYH in the light of recent advances in the literature with the aim of a better understanding of the potential for identifying new therapeutic targets. Considering the multiple functions and interactions of MUTYH protein, its involvement in pathologies based on oxidative stress damage could be hypothesized. Although the development of extraintestinal cancer in MUTYH heterozygotes is not completely defined, the risk for malignancies of the duodenum, ovary, and bladder is also increased as well as the onset of benign and malignant endocrine tumors. The presence of MUTYH pathogenic variants is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in sporadic gastric cancer and in salivary gland secretory carcinoma, while its inhibition has been shown to reduce the survival of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Furthermore, some MUTYH SNPs have been associated with lung, hepatocellular and cervical cancer risk. An additional role of MUTYH seems to contribute to the prevention of numerous other disorders with an inflammatory/degenerative basis, including neurological and ocular diseases. Finally, it is interesting to note that MUTYH could be a new therapeutic target and future studies will shed light on its specific functions in the prevention of diseases and in the improvement of the chemo-sensitivity of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Curia
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Via dei Vestini 66100, Italy
| | - Teresa Catalano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 98125, Italy
| | - Gitana Maria Aceto
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Via dei Vestini 66100, Italy
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17
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Hosseini SM, Mohammadiasl J, Talaiezadeh A, Alidadi R, Bijanzadeh M. Influence of Two DNA Repair Pathway Polymorphisms in Colorectal Cancer Risk in Southwest Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:1919-1924. [PMID: 32711416 PMCID: PMC7573413 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.7.1919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and 8 Oxo guanine DNA-glycosylase 1 (OGG1) genes are implicated in the repair of single-stranded breaks (SSBRs) and base excision repair (BER) pathways. Common polymorphisms in DNA repair genes are supposed to decrease the capability of DNA repair and cause genetic instability. This study was designed to investigate the association between XRCC1 (rs25487) and OGG1 (rs1052133) polymorphisms and susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Ahvaz city, south-west Iran. Methods: This case- control study comprised 150 patients and 150 controls that were selected from 2 educational hospitals in Ahvaz. They were matched for age and gender, and their genotyping was carried out by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: Our results indicate that the frequency of the Gln (A) allele of XRCC1 (rs25487) is significantly higher in colorectal cancer patients, compare to controls (p = 0.01, OR: 1.54, 95% CI 1.9–13.3). Significant increased risk of cancer was observed in XRCC1 (rs25487) genotypes (p = 0.001 OR: 5.3, 95% CI 1.9–14.2 for Gln / Gln), while no association was found between OGG1 (rs1052133) and colorectal cancer risk (p = 0.6). Conclusion: Our study suggests that XRCC1 (rs25487) polymorphism might be associated with an increasing risk of CRC in Ahvaz. It also demonstrates positive correlation between the XRCC1 (rs25487) genotypes and demographic characteristics, such as smoking and increased age in patients and control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Hosseini
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Javad Mohammadiasl
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abdulhasan Talaiezadeh
- Cancer, Environmental and Petroleum Pollutants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Rahim Alidadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Bijanzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Cancer, Environmental and Petroleum Pollutants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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18
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Stratigopoulou M, van Dam TP, Guikema JEJ. Base Excision Repair in the Immune System: Small DNA Lesions With Big Consequences. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1084. [PMID: 32547565 PMCID: PMC7272602 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the genome is under constant threat of environmental and endogenous agents that cause DNA damage. Endogenous damage is particularly pervasive, occurring at an estimated rate of 10,000–30,000 per cell/per day, and mostly involves chemical DNA base lesions caused by oxidation, depurination, alkylation, and deamination. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is primary responsible for removing and repairing these small base lesions that would otherwise lead to mutations or DNA breaks during replication. Next to preventing DNA mutations and damage, the BER pathway is also involved in mutagenic processes in B cells during immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation (SHM), which are instigated by uracil (U) lesions derived from activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) activity. BER is required for the processing of AID-induced lesions into DNA double strand breaks (DSB) that are required for CSR, and is of pivotal importance for determining the mutagenic outcome of uracil lesions during SHM. Although uracils are generally efficiently repaired by error-free BER, this process is surprisingly error-prone at the Ig loci in proliferating B cells. Breakdown of this high-fidelity process outside of the Ig loci has been linked to mutations observed in B-cell tumors and DNA breaks and chromosomal translocations in activated B cells. Next to its role in preventing cancer, BER has also been implicated in immune tolerance. Several defects in BER components have been associated with autoimmune diseases, and animal models have shown that BER defects can cause autoimmunity in a B-cell intrinsic and extrinsic fashion. In this review we discuss the contribution of BER to genomic integrity in the context of immune receptor diversification, cancer and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stratigopoulou
- Department of Pathology, Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tijmen P van Dam
- Department of Pathology, Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen E J Guikema
- Department of Pathology, Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam (LYMMCARE), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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19
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Whitaker AM, Stark WJ, Flynn TS, Freudenthal BD. Molecular and structural characterization of disease-associated APE1 polymorphisms. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 91-92:102867. [PMID: 32454397 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Under conditions of oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species (ROS) continuously assault the structure of DNA resulting in oxidation and fragmentation of the nucleobases. When the nucleobase structure is altered, its base-pairing properties may also be altered, promoting mutations. Consequently, oxidative DNA damage is a major source of the mutation load that gives rise to numerous human maladies, including cancer. Base excision repair (BER) is the primary pathway tasked with removing and replacing mutagenic DNA base damage. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a central enzyme with AP-endonuclease and 3' to 5' exonuclease functions during BER, and therefore is key to maintenance of genome stability. Polymorphisms, or SNPs, in the gene encoding APE1 (APEX1) have been identified among specific human populations and result in variants of APE1 with modified function. These defects in APE1 potentially result in impaired DNA repair capabilities and consequently an increased risk of disease for individuals within these populations. In the present study, we determined the X-ray crystal structures of three prevalent disease-associated APE1 SNPs (D148E, L104R, and R237C). Each APE1 SNP results in unique localized changes in protein structure, including protein dynamics and DNA binding contacts. Combined with comprehensive biochemical characterization, including pre-steady-state kinetic and DNA binding analyses, variant APE1:DNA complex structures with both AP-endonuclease and exonuclease substrates were analyzed to elucidate how these SNPs might perturb the two major repair functions employed by APE1 during BER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Whitaker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS,66160, USA
| | - Wesley J Stark
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS,66160, USA
| | - Tony S Flynn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS,66160, USA
| | - Bret D Freudenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS,66160, USA.
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20
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Hao W, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang C, Xia L, Zhang W, Zafar M, Kang JY, Wang R, Ali Bohio A, Pan L, Zeng X, Wei M, Boldogh I, Ba X. Enzymatically inactive OGG1 binds to DNA and steers base excision repair toward gene transcription. FASEB J 2020; 34:7427-7441. [PMID: 32378256 PMCID: PMC7318607 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902243r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
8‐Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1 (OGG1)‐initiated base excision repair (BER) is the primary pathway to remove the pre‐mutagenic 8‐oxo‐7,8‐dihydroguanine (8‐oxoG) from DNA. Recent studies documented 8‐oxoG serves as an epigenetic‐like mark and OGG1 modulates gene expression in oxidatively stressed cells. For this new role of OGG1, two distinct mechanisms have been proposed: one is coupled to base excision, while the other only requires substrate binding of OGG1––both resulting in conformational adjustment in the adjacent DNA sequences providing access for transcription factors to their cis‐elements. The present study aimed to examine if BER activity of OGG1 is required for pro‐inflammatory gene expression. To this end, Ogg1/OGG1 knockout/depleted cells were transfected with constructs expressing wild‐type (wt) and repair‐deficient mutants of OGG1. OGG1's promoter enrichment, oxidative state, and gene expression were examined. Results showed that TNFα exposure increased levels of oxidatively modified cysteine(s) of wt OGG1 without impairing its association with promoter and facilitated gene expression. The excision deficient K249Q mutant was even a more potent activator of gene expression; whereas, mutant OGG1 with impaired substrate recognition/binding was not. These data suggested the interaction of OGG1 with its substrate at regulatory regions followed by conformational adjustment in the adjacent DNA is the primary mode to modulate inflammatory gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Hao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanhang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Ju-Yong Kang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, DPRK
| | - Ruoxi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology of Shandong Province, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Ameer Ali Bohio
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lang Pan
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Xianlu Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Wei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Xueqing Ba
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.,School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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21
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Reading Targeted DNA Damage in the Active Demethylation Pathway: Role of Accessory Domains of Eukaryotic AP Endonucleases and Thymine-DNA Glycosylases. J Mol Biol 2020:S0022-2836(19)30720-X. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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22
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Yang T, Li X, Montazeri Z, Little J, Farrington SM, Ioannidis JP, Dunlop MG, Campbell H, Timofeeva M, Theodoratou E. Gene-environment interactions and colorectal cancer risk: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:2315-2329. [PMID: 30536881 PMCID: PMC6767750 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cause of colorectal cancer (CRC) is multifactorial, involving both genetic variants and environmental risk factors. We systematically searched the MEDLINE, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang databases from inception to December 2016, to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational studies that investigated gene-environment (G×E) interactions in CRC risk. Then, we critically evaluated the cumulative evidence for the G×E interactions using an extension of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network's Venice criteria. Overall, 15 articles reporting systematic reviews of observational studies on 89 G×E interactions, 20 articles reporting meta-analyses of candidate gene- or single-nucleotide polymorphism-based studies on 521 G×E interactions, and 8 articles reporting 33 genome-wide G×E interaction analyses were identified. On the basis of prior and observed scores, only the interaction between rs6983267 (8q24) and aspirin use was found to have a moderate overall credibility score as well as main genetic and environmental effects. Though 5 other interactions were also found to have moderate evidence, these interaction effects were tenuous due to the lack of main genetic effects and/or environmental effects. We did not find highly convincing evidence for any interactions, but several associations were found to have moderate strength of evidence. Our conclusions are based on application of the Venice criteria which were designed to provide a conservative assessment of G×E interactions and thus do not include an evaluation of biological plausibility of an observed joint effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Yang
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and InformaticsThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Xue Li
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and InformaticsThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Zahra Montazeri
- School of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology and Public HealthUniversity of OttawaOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Susan M. Farrington
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular MedicineWestern General Hospital, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular MedicineWestern General Hospital, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - John P.A. Ioannidis
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Departments of Medicine, of Health Research and Policy, and of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, and Department of StatisticsStanford University School of Humanities and SciencesStanfordCaliforniaUSA
- Meta‐Research Innovation Center at Stanford (METRICS)Stanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Malcolm G. Dunlop
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular MedicineWestern General Hospital, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular MedicineWestern General Hospital, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and InformaticsThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Maria Timofeeva
- Colon Cancer Genetics Group, Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular MedicineWestern General Hospital, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular MedicineWestern General Hospital, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Evropi Theodoratou
- Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and InformaticsThe University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics & Molecular MedicineWestern General Hospital, The University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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23
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Lee KJ, Piett CG, Andrews JF, Mann E, Nagel ZD, Gassman NR. Defective base excision repair in the response to DNA damaging agents in triple negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223725. [PMID: 31596905 PMCID: PMC6785058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA repair defects have been increasingly focused on as therapeutic targets. In hormone-positive breast cancer, XRCC1-deficient tumors have been identified and proposed as targets for combination therapies that damage DNA and inhibit DNA repair pathways. XRCC1 is a scaffold protein that functions in base excision repair (BER) by mediating essential interactions between DNA glycosylases, AP endonuclease, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, DNA polymerase β (POL β), and DNA ligases. Loss of XRCC1 confers BER defects and hypersensitivity to DNA damaging agents. BER defects have not been evaluated in triple negative breast cancers (TNBC), for which new therapeutic targets and therapies are needed. To evaluate the potential of XRCC1 as an indicator of BER defects in TNBC, we examined XRCC1 expression in the TCGA database and its expression and localization in TNBC cell lines. The TCGA database revealed high XRCC1 expression in TNBC tumors and TNBC cell lines show variable, but mostly high expression of XRCC1. XRCC1 localized outside of the nucleus in some TNBC cell lines, altering their ability to repair base lesions and single-strand breaks. Subcellular localization of POL β also varied and did not correlate with XRCC1 localization. Basal levels of DNA damage correlated with observed changes in XRCC1 expression, localization, and measure repair capacity. The results confirmed that XRCC1 expression changes indicate DNA repair capacity changes but emphasize that basal DNA damage levels along with protein localization are better indicators of DNA repair defects. Given the observed over-expression of XRCC1 in TNBC preclinical models and tumors, XRCC1 expression levels should be assessed when evaluating treatment responses of TNBC preclinical model cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Lee
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States of America
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States of America
| | - Cortt G. Piett
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Joel F. Andrews
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States of America
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States of America
| | - Elise Mann
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States of America
| | - Zachary D. Nagel
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Natalie R. Gassman
- Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States of America
- University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ni F, Tang H, Wang C, Wang Z, Yu F, Chen B, Sun L. Berzosertib (VE-822) inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation via base excision repair system. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:8391-8405. [PMID: 31571995 PMCID: PMC6750847 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s217375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current investigations suggest that the Base Excision Repair (BER) system may change DNA repair capacity and affect clinical gastric cancer progression such as overall survival. However, the prognostic value of BER system members in gastric cancer remains unclear. Methods We explored the prognostic correlation between 7 individual BER genes, including uracil-DNA glycosylase (UNG), Single-strand-selective monofunctional uracil-DNA glycosylase 1 (SMUG1), Methyl-CpG binding domain 4 (MBD4), thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG), 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), MutY DNA glycosylase (MUTYH) and Nei like DNA glycosylase 1 (NEIL1), expression and overall survival (OS) in different clinical data, such as Lauren classification, pathological stages, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) expression status, treatment strategy, gender and differentiation degree in gastric cancer patients, using Kaplan-Meier plotter (KM plotter) online database. Based on the bioinformatics analysis, we utilized Berzosertib (VE-822) to inhibit DNA damage repair in cancer cells compared to solvent control group via real-time cellular analysis (RTCA), flow cytometry, colony formation and migration assay. Finally, we utilized reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to confirm the expression of BER members between normal and two gastric cancer cells or solvent and VE-822 treated groups. Results Our work revealed that high UNG mRNA expression was correlated with high overall survival probability; however, high SMUG1, MBD4, TDG, OGG1, MUTYH and NEIL1 mRNA expression showed relatively low overall survival probability in all GC patients. Additionally, UNG was associated with high overall survival probability in intestinal and diffuse types, but SMUG1 and NEIL1 showed opposite results. Further, VE-822 pharmacological experiment suggested that inhibition of DNA damage repair suppressed gastric cancer cells’ proliferation and migration ability via inducing apoptosis. Further, real-time polymerase chain reaction results proposed the inhibition of gastric cancer cells by VE-822 may be through UNG, MUTYH and OGG-1 of BER system. Conclusion We comprehensively analyze the prognostic value of the BER system (UNG, SMUG1, MBD4, TDG, OGG1, MUTYH and NEIL1) based on bioinformatics analysis and experimental confirmation. BER members are associated with distinctive prognostic significance and maybe new valuable prognostic indicators in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fubiao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengjie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixiang Wang
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyi Yu
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bicheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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Aktas BY, Guner G, Guven DC, Arslan C, Dizdar O. Exploiting DNA repair defects in breast cancer: from chemotherapy to immunotherapy. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2019; 19:589-601. [PMID: 31181965 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2019.1631162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Impaired DNA damage response (DDR) and subsequent genomic instability are associated with the carcinogenic process itself, but it also results in sensitivity of tumor cells to certain drugs and can be exploited to treat cancer by inducing deadly mutations or mitotic catastrophe. Exploiting DDR defects in breast cancer cells has been one of the main strategies in both conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapies, or immunotherapies. Areas covered: In this review, the authors first discuss DDR mechanisms in healthy cells and DDR defects in breast cancer, then focus on current therapies and developments in the treatment of DDR-deficient breast cancer. Expert opinion: Among conventional chemotherapeutics, platinum-based regimens, in particular, seem to be effective in DDR-deficient patients. PARP inhibitors represent one of the successful models of translational research in this area and clinical data showed high efficacy and reasonable toxicity with these agents in patients with breast cancer and BRCA mutation. Recent studies have underlined that some subtypes of breast cancer are highly immunogenic. Promising activity has been shown with immunotherapeutic agents, particularly in DDR-deficient breast cancers. Chemotherapeutics, DNA-repair pathway inhibitors, and immunotherapies might result in further improved outcomes in certain subsets of patients with breast cancer and DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Yasin Aktas
- a Department of Medical Oncology , Hacettepe University Cancer Institute , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Gurkan Guner
- a Department of Medical Oncology , Hacettepe University Cancer Institute , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Deniz Can Guven
- a Department of Medical Oncology , Hacettepe University Cancer Institute , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Cagatay Arslan
- b Bahcesehir University , Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Omer Dizdar
- a Department of Medical Oncology , Hacettepe University Cancer Institute , Ankara , Turkey
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Alekseeva IV, Davletgildeeva AT, Arkova OV, Kuznetsov NA, Fedorova OS. The impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 on specific DNA binding and catalysis. Biochimie 2019; 163:73-83. [PMID: 31150756 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Human apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease APE1 is a crucial enzyme of the base excision repair (BER) pathway, which is in charge of recognition and initiation of removal of AP-sites in DNA. It is known that some single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants of APE1 have a reduced activity as compared to wild-type APE1. It has been hypothesized that genetic variation in APE1 might be responsible for an increased risk of some types of cancer. In the present work, analysis of SNPs of the APE1 gene was performed to select the set of variants having substitutions of amino acid residues on the surface of the enzyme globule and in the DNA-binding site, thereby affecting protein-protein interactions or the catalytic reaction, respectively. For seven APE1 variants (R221C, N222H, R237A, G241R, M270T, R274Q, and P311S), conformational dynamics and catalytic activities were examined. The conformational changes in the molecules of APE1 variants and in a DNA substrate were recorded as fluorescence changes of Trp and 2-aminopurine residues, respectively, using the stopped-flow technique. The results made it possible to determine the kinetic mechanism underlying the interactions of the APE1 variants with DNA substrates, to calculate the rate constants of the elementary stages, and to identify the stages of the process affected by mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Alekseeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentyev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Anastasiia T Davletgildeeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentyev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Olga V Arkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Nikita A Kuznetsov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentyev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
| | - Olga S Fedorova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, 8 Lavrentyev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia; Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.
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Singh N, Kazim SN, Sultana R, Tiwari D, Borkotoky R, Kakati S, Nath Das N, Kumar Saikia A, Bose S. Oxidative stress and deregulations in base excision repair pathway as contributors to gallbladder anomalies and carcinoma - a study involving North-East Indian population. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:473-485. [PMID: 31117842 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1606423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a fatal condition with dismal prognosis and aggressive local invasiveness; and with uncharacterised molecular pathology relating to non-specific therapeutic modalities. Given the importance of oxidative stress in chronic diseases and carcinogenesis, and the lacunae in literature regarding its role in gallbladder diseases, this study aimed to study the involvement of oxidative stress and deregulation in the base excision repair (BER) pathway in the pathogenesis of gallbladder diseases including GBC. This study involved patients from the North-East Indian population, where the numbers of reported cases are increasing rapidly and alarmingly. Oxidative stress, based on 8-OH-dG levels, was found to be significantly higher in gallbladder anomalies (cholelithiasis [CL] and cholecystitis [CS]) and GBC at the plasma and DNA level, and was associated with GBC severity. The expressions of key BER pathway genes were downregulated in gallbladder anomalies and GBC compared to controls, and in GBC compared to both non-neoplastic controls and gallbladder anomalies. Expression of XRCC1 and hOGG1 was significantly associated with both susceptibility and severity of GBC. The XRCC1 codon280 polymorphism was associated with disease susceptibility; and significantly higher oxidative stress was observed in hOGG1 genotypic variants. The genomes of GBC patients were found to be more hypermethylated compared to controls, with the promoters of XRCC1 and hOGG1 being hypermethylated and, therefore, being silenced. This study underlined the prognostic significance of the oxidative stress marker 8-OH-dG and BER pathway genes, especially hOGG1 and XRCC1, in gallbladder anomalies and GBC, as well as stated their potential for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Singh
- a Department of Biotechnology , Gauhati University , Guwahati , India
| | - Syed Naqui Kazim
- b Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences , Jamia Millia Islamia , New Delhi , India
| | - Rizwana Sultana
- c Bioengineering and Technology , Gauhati University , Guwahati , India
| | - Diptika Tiwari
- c Bioengineering and Technology , Gauhati University , Guwahati , India
| | - Raktim Borkotoky
- a Department of Biotechnology , Gauhati University , Guwahati , India
| | | | | | - Anjan Kumar Saikia
- e Central Railway Hospital , Guwahati , India.,f GNRC Hospital , Guwahati , India
| | - Sujoy Bose
- a Department of Biotechnology , Gauhati University , Guwahati , India
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Permata TBM, Hagiwara Y, Sato H, Yasuhara T, Oike T, Gondhowiardjo S, Held KD, Nakano T, Shibata A. Base excision repair regulates PD-L1 expression in cancer cells. Oncogene 2019; 38:4452-4466. [PMID: 30755733 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0733-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a key factor influencing cancer immunotherapy; however, the regulation of PD-L1 expression in cancer cells remains unclear, particularly regarding DNA damage, repair and its signalling. Herein, we demonstrate that oxidative DNA damage induced by exogenously applied hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) upregulates PD-L1 expression in cancer cells. Further, depletion of the base excision repair (BER) enzyme DNA glycosylase augments PD-L1 upregulation in response to H2O2. PD-L1 upregulation in BER-depleted cells requires ATR/Chk1 kinase activities, demonstrating that PD-L1 upregulation is mediated by DNA damage signalling. Further analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed that the expression of PD-L1 is negatively correlated with that of the BER/single-strand break repair (SSBR) and tumours with low BER/SSBR gene expression show high microsatellite instability and neoantigen production. Hence, these results suggest that PD-L1 expression is regulated in cancer cells via the DNA damage signalling and neoantigen-interferon-γ pathway under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiara Bunga Mayang Permata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.,Department of Radiotherapy, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yoshihiko Hagiwara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hiro Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takaaki Yasuhara
- Laboratory of Molecular Radiology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Takahiro Oike
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Soehartati Gondhowiardjo
- Department of Radiotherapy, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kathryn D Held
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,International Open Laboratory, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shibata
- Education and Research Support Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
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Yang L, Xu M, Cui CB, Wei PH, Wu SZ, Cen ZJ, Meng XX, Huang QG, Xie ZC. Diagnostic and prognostic values of the mRNA expression of excision repair cross-complementation enzymes in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:5313-5328. [PMID: 30464628 PMCID: PMC6225908 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s179043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current study aims at using the whole genome expression profile chips for systematically investigating the diagnostic and prognostic values of excision repair cross-complementation (ERCC) genes in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and methods Whole genome expression profile chips were obtained from the GSE14520. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, survival analysis, and nomogram were used to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic values of ERCC genes. Investigation of the potential function of ERCC8 was carried out by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and genome-wide coexpression analysis. Results ROC analysis suggests that six ERCC genes (ERCC1, ERCC2, ERCC3, ERCC4, ERCC5, and ERCC8) were dysregulated and may have potential to distinguish between HBV-related HCC tumor and paracancerous tissues (area under the curve of ROC ranged from 0.623 to 0.744). Survival analysis demonstrated that high ERCC8 expression was associated with a significantly decreased risk of recurrence (adjusted P=0.021; HR=0.643; 95% CI=0.442–0.937) and death (adjusted P=0.049; HR=0.631; 95% CI=0.399–0.998) in HBV-related HCC. Then, we also developed two nomograms for the HBV-related HCC individualized prognosis predictions. GSEA suggests that the high expression of ERCC8 may have involvement in the energy metabolism biological processes. As the genome-wide coexpression analysis and functional assessment of ERCC8 suggest, those coexpressed genes were significantly enriched in multiple biological processes of DNA damage and repair. Conclusion The present study indicates that six ERCC genes (ERCC1, ERCC2, ERCC3, ERCC4, ERCC5, and ERCC8) were dysregulated between HBV-related HCC tumor and paracancerous tissues and that the mRNA expression of ERCC8 may serve as a potential biomarker for the HBV-related HCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Qilu Medical University, Zibo 255213, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Bao Cui
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China,
| | - Peng-Hai Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China,
| | - Shu-Zhi Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zuo-Jie Cen
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China,
| | - Xing-Xing Meng
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China,
| | - Qiong-Guang Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhi-Chun Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China,
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Zhu J, Jia W, Wu C, Fu W, Xia H, Liu G, He J. Base Excision Repair Gene Polymorphisms and Wilms Tumor Susceptibility. EBioMedicine 2018; 33:88-93. [PMID: 29937070 PMCID: PMC6085508 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Base excision repair (BER) is the main mechanism to repair endogenous DNA lesions caused by reactive oxygen species. BER deficiency is linked with cancer susceptibility and premature aging. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within BER genes have been implicated in various human malignancies. Nevertheless, a comprehensive investigation of their association with Wilms tumor susceptibility is lacking. In this study, 145 cases and 531 sex and age-matched healthy controls were recruited. We systematically genotyped 18 potentially functional SNPs in six core BER pathway genes, using a candidate SNP approach. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) adjusted for age and gender. Several SNPs showed protective effects against Wilms tumor. Significant associations with Wilms tumor susceptibility were shown for hOGG1 rs1052133 (dominant: adjusted OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.45-0.96, P = .030), FEN1 rs174538 (dominant: adjusted OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.45-0.95, P = .027; recessive: adjusted OR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.32-0.93 P = .027), and FEN1 rs4246215 (dominant: adjusted OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.38-0.80, P = .002) polymorphisms. Stratified analysis was performed by age, gender, and clinical stage. Moreover, there was evidence of functional implication of these significant SNPs suggested by online expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis. Our findings indicate that common SNPs in BER genes modify susceptibility to Wilms tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Jia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Caixia Wu
- Department of Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wen Fu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Huimin Xia
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China
| | - Guochang Liu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jing He
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510623, Guangdong, China.
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Abstract
Molecular epidemiology is a subdivision of medical science and epidemiology that emphases on the involvement of potential environmental and genetic risk factors, recognized at the molecular level, to the etiology and avoidance of sickness through populations. This arena has developed from the combination of molecular biology and traditional epidemiological research. Molecular epidemiology can improve our knowledge about the precise pathogenesis of disease through recognizing particular pathways that affect the risk of developing the disease. Furthermore, it tries to find how the collaborations between genetic characteristics and environmental exposures works in disease occurrence.
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Mattar MAM, Zekri ARN, Hussein N, Morsy H, Esmat G, Amin MA. Polymorphisms of base-excision repair genes and the hepatocarcinogenesis. Gene 2018; 675:62-68. [PMID: 29935355 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the possible association between polymorphisms of DNA repair genes, including XRCC1 Arg194Tryp, Arg280His, and Arg399Glu, APE1 Asp148Glu, and NEIL2 Arg257Leu, and the risk of developing hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS A total of 264 subjects were recruited in this retrospective case-control study and were categorized into four groups: 88 control subjects (CR), 53 chronic hepatitis C patients (CHC), 36 liver cirrhotic patients (LC), and 87 HCC patients. The XRCC1 Arg194Tryp, Arg280His, and Arg399Glu polymorphisms were detected using PCR-RFLP, while real-time PCR was used to genotype APE1 Asp148Glu and NEIL2 Arg257Leu. RESULTS Our data revealed that, compared with the healthy controls, for those subjects with the XRCC1 Arg194Trp genotype, the risk of developing CHC, LC, and HCC was increased by 6.66- (odds ratio (OR) = 6.667; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 3.244-13.701; P > 0.01), 3.85- (OR = 3.852; 95% CI = 1.797-8.256; P > 0.01), and 2.14-fold (OR = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.13-4.06; P > 0.05), respectively. There was no association between the risk of HCC development and the XRCC1 Arg280His or XRCC1 Arg399Gln genotypes. Moreover, the analysis showed a lack of association between APE1 Asp148Glu and the risk of HCC development. The analysis of clinicopathological parameters showed that the HCC patients with the XRCC1 Arg280His polymorphism were 2.9 fold more likely to have hepatic lesions in both hepatic lobes (OR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.15-7.29). Notably, in the HCC patients, the prevalence of the APE1 polymorphism in the males was four times higher than that in the females (OR = 4; 95% CI = 1.129-14.175; P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism could be a risk factor for HCV-related HCC development in Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdel-Rahman N Zekri
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Nehal Hussein
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Morsy
- Virology and Immunology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Gamal Esmat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Magdy A Amin
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University.
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Xia M, Chen K, Yao X, Xu Y, Yao J, Yan J, Shao Z, Wang G. Mediator MED23 Links Pigmentation and DNA Repair through the Transcription Factor MITF. Cell Rep 2018; 20:1794-1804. [PMID: 28834744 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA repair is related to many physiological and pathological processes, including pigmentation. Little is known about the role of the transcriptional cofactor Mediator complex in DNA repair and pigmentation. Here, we demonstrate that Mediator MED23 plays an important role in coupling UV-induced DNA repair to pigmentation. The loss of Med23 specifically impairs the pigmentation process in melanocyte-lineage cells and in zebrafish. Med23 deficiency leads to enhanced nucleotide excision repair (NER) and less DNA damage following UV radiation because of the enhanced expression and recruitment of NER factors to chromatin for genomic stability. Integrative analyses of melanoma cells reveal that MED23 controls the expression of a melanocyte master regulator, Mitf, by modulating its distal enhancer activity, leading to opposing effects on pigmentation and DNA repair. Collectively, the Mediator MED23/MITF axis connects DNA repair to pigmentation, thus providing molecular insights into the DNA damage response and skin-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Kun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xiao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yichi Xu
- CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jiaying Yao
- CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jun Yan
- CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zhen Shao
- CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China.
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Wang T, Wang H, Yang S, Guo H, Zhang B, Guo H, Wang L, Zhu G, Zhang Y, Zhou H, Zhang X, Li H, Su H. Association of APEX1 and OGG1 gene polymorphisms with breast cancer risk among Han women in the Gansu Province of China. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:67. [PMID: 29720094 PMCID: PMC5930440 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Genetic variations in key DNA repair genes may influence DNA repair capacity, DNA damage and breast carcinogenesis. The current study aimed to estimate the association of APEX1 and OGG1 polymorphisms with the risk of breast cancer development. Methods A total of 518 patients with histopathologically confirmed breast cancer and 921 region- and age-matched cancer-free controls were genotyped for the APEX1 polymorphisms rs3136817 and rs1130409 and the OGG1 polymorphisms rs1052133 and rs2072668 using a QuantStudio™ 12 K Flex Real-Time PCR System. Results The rs3136817 heterozygous TC genotype along with the rs3136817 dominant model (TC + CC) was strongly associated with breast cancer susceptibility (odds ratio [OR] = 0.670, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.513 - 0.873, P = 0.003; OR = 0.682, 95% CI: 0.526 - 0.883, P = 0.004, respectively). No significant associations were observed among rs1130409, rs1052133, rs2072668 and breast cancer risk. Furthermore, an allele combination analysis revealed that APEX1 haplotypes containing C-T (alleles rs3136817 and rs1130409) conferred a significantly lower risk (corrected P < 0.001). Conclusion This research is the latest report showing that an APEX1 rs3136817 heterozygous genotype may have a positive influence on DNA repair capacity in patients with breast cancer and thus may have a potential protective effect for Chinese Han women. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12881-018-0578-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Wang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Suisheng Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyun Guo
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Binming Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Guo
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Wang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Gongjian Zhu
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongdong Zhang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Haihong Zhou
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Haining Li
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Haixiang Su
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Research, NO. 2 Xiaoxihu East Street, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730050, People's Republic of China.
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Lv MQ, Wang J, Yu XQ, Hong HH, Ren WJ, Ge P, Zhou DX. Association between X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) Arg399Gln polymorphism and endometriosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2017; 218:12-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Markkanen E. Not breathing is not an option: How to deal with oxidative DNA damage. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 59:82-105. [PMID: 28963982 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative DNA damage constitutes a major threat to genetic integrity, and has thus been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. 7,8-dihydro-8oxo-deoxyGuanine (8-oxo-G) is one of the best characterised oxidative DNA lesions, and it can give rise to point mutations due to its miscoding potential that instructs most DNA polymerases (Pols) to preferentially insert Adenine (A) opposite 8-oxo-G instead of the correct Cytosine (C). If uncorrected, A:8-oxo-G mispairs can give rise to C:G→A:T transversion mutations. Cells have evolved a variety of pathways to mitigate the mutational potential of 8-oxo-G that include i) mechanisms to avoid incorporation of oxidized nucleotides into DNA through nucleotide pool sanitisation enzymes (by MTH1, MTH2, MTH3 and NUDT5), ii) base excision repair (BER) of 8-oxo-G in DNA (involving MUTYH, OGG1, Pol λ, and other components of the BER machinery), and iii) faithful bypass of 8-oxo-G lesions during replication (using a switch between replicative Pols and Pol λ). In the following, the fate of 8-oxo-G in mammalian cells is reviewed in detail. The differential origins of 8-oxo-G in DNA and its consequences for genetic stability will be covered. This will be followed by a thorough discussion of the different mechanisms in place to cope with 8-oxo-G with an emphasis on Pol λ-mediated correct bypass of 8-oxo-G during MUTYH-initiated BER as well as replication across 8-oxo-G. Furthermore, the multitude of mechanisms in place to regulate key proteins involved in 8-oxo-G repair will be reviewed. Novel functions of 8-oxo-G as an epigenetic-like regulator and insights into the repair of 8-oxo-G within the cellular context will be touched upon. Finally, a discussion will outline the relevance of 8-oxo-G and the proteins involved in dealing with 8-oxo-G to human diseases with a special emphasis on cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enni Markkanen
- Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 260, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Wang J, Guo C, Gong X, Ao F, Huang Y, Huang L, Tang Y, Jiang C, Xie X, Dong Q, Huang M, Li J. The impacts of genetic polymorphisms in genes of base excision repair pathway on the efficacy and acute toxicities of (chemo)radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:78633-78641. [PMID: 29108254 PMCID: PMC5667987 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore whether polymorphisms in base excision repair (BER) pathway genes are predictors of (chemo)radiotherapy outcome in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods We genotyped five potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of three genes in the BER pathway in 174 NPC patients who were treated with (chemo)radiotherapy. Sequenom MassArray was used for SNPs analysis. The efficacy at the end of radiotherapy and at 3 months after radiotherapy was evaluated by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Acute radiation toxicity was scored using Radiation Therapy Oncology Group and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (RTOG/EORTC) acute radiation morbidity scoring criteria. Logistic regression was employed to assess the multivariate analyses. Results We found that the wide genotype GG of X-ray repair cross-complementing 1 (XRCC1) rs25489 (GG vs GA: OR=3.833, 95%CI=1.512-9.714, P=0.005; GG vs GA+AA: OR=3.610, 95%CI=1.496-8.713, P=0.004) and the wide genotype CC of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) rs1052133 (CC vs GG: OR=0.263, 95%CI=0.073-0.951, P=0.042; CC vs CG+GG: OR=0.454, 95%CI=0.195-1.053, P=0.066) were positively and negatively associated with primary tumor efficacy at the end of radiotherapy, respectively. By contrast, no association was found between BER gene polymorphisms and the treatment outcomes at 3 months post-treatment or the treatment-related acute toxicities. Conclusions The SNPs of the BER genes may act as biomarkers for the curative effect of (chemo)radiotherapy. Further study with long-time follow-up and large population is needed for accurate assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China.,Department of Intensive Care Unit, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Chengxian Guo
- Center of Clinical Pharmacology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaochang Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Fan Ao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Yuling Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Center for Medical Experiments, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yiqiang Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Chunling Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xie
- Department of Radiation and Oncology, Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Qing Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China.,Department of Graduate Study, Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Jingao Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang 330029, China
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Wang L, Xu J, Duan B. Association between polymorphisms in DNA repair gene XRCC1 and non-melanoma skin cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:3475-3483. [PMID: 28761356 PMCID: PMC5518917 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s133978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignancy with annually rising incidence. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between three coding polymorphisms (Arg399Gln, Arg194Trp, and Arg280His) of the DNA repair gene X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and NMSC susceptibility. Methods Online databases were searched to retrieve case–control studies published between January 2000 and November 2016. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed to assess the strength of association. Overall, 10 relevant studies were finally included for analysis, including 3,143 NMSC patients and 3,540 controls. For each polymorphism of XRCC1 gene, there were 3,050 cases and 3,463 controls for Arg399Gln, 914 cases and 1,182 controls for Arg194Trp, and 279 cases and 413 controls for Arg280His. Results Our results showed that these three polymorphisms in the XRCC1 coding region were not associated with increased risk of NMSC in the total studied population. However, subgroup analysis by ethnicities demonstrated that Gln/Arg genotype of Arg399Gln polymorphism was associated with increased risk of NMSC under the heterogeneous model in Asian populations (Gln/Arg vs Arg/Arg: OR =1.39, 95% CI =1.04–1.87, P=0.03); subgroup analysis by tumor types showed that Trp/Trp genotype of Arg194Trp was positively associated with decreased cancer risk in squamous-cell skin cancer (SCC) type under the homogeneous model (Trp/Trp vs Arg/Arg: OR =0.38, 95% CI =0.16–0.92, P=0.03). Conclusion Our results suggested that Arg399Gln variant of XRCC1 gene might be a risk factor for NMSC in Asian populations, and Arg194Trp variant of XRCC1 gene might be a protective factor for patients with SCC. In addition, future case–control studies are still needed to further evaluate the effect of XRCC1 polymorphisms in NMSC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Medical Pathology, Xiangyang No 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, No 447 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Xiangyang, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoxue Duan
- Department of Medical Pathology, Xiangyang No 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei
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Sanders LH, Paul KC, Howlett EH, Lawal H, Boppana S, Bronstein JM, Ritz B, Greenamyre JT. Editor's Highlight: Base Excision Repair Variants and Pesticide Exposure Increase Parkinson's Disease Risk. Toxicol Sci 2017; 158:188-198. [PMID: 28460087 PMCID: PMC6075191 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to certain pesticides induces oxidative stress and increases Parkinson's disease (PD) risk. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage is found in dopaminergic neurons in idiopathic PD and following pesticide exposure in experimental models thereof. Base excision repair (BER) is the major pathway responsible for repairing oxidative DNA damage in cells. Whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in BER genes alone or in combination with pesticide exposure influence PD risk is unknown. We investigated the contributions of functional SNPs in 2 BER genes (APEX1 and OGG1) and mitochondrial dysfunction- or oxidative stress-related pesticide exposure, including paraquat, to PD risk. We also studied the effect of paraquat on levels of mtDNA damage and mitochondrial bioenergetics. 619 PD patients and 854 population-based controls were analyzed for the 2 SNPs, APEX1 rs1130409 and OGG1 rs1052133. Ambient pesticide exposures were assessed with a geographic information system. Individually, or in combination, the BER SNPs did not influence PD risk. Mitochondrial-inhibiting (OR = 1.79, 95% CI [1.32, 2.42]), oxidative stress-inducing pesticides (OR = 1.61, 95% CI [1.22, 2.11]), and paraquat (OR = 1.54, 95% CI [1.23, 1.93]) were associated with PD. Statistical interactions were detected, including for a genetic risk score based on rs1130409 and rs1052133 and oxidative stress inducing pesticides, where highly exposed carriers of both risk genotypes were at the highest risk of PD (OR = 2.21, 95% CI [1.25, 3.86]); similar interactions were estimated for mitochondrial-inhibiting pesticides and paraquat alone. Additionally, paraquat exposure was found to impair mitochondrial respiration and increase mtDNA damage in in vivo and in vitro systems. Our findings provide insight into possible mechanisms involved in increased PD risk due to pesticide exposure in the context of BER genotype variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie H. Sanders
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Kimberly C. Paul
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Evan H. Howlett
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Hakeem Lawal
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware 19901
| | - Sridhar Boppana
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, Delaware 19901
| | - Jeff M. Bronstein
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J. Timothy Greenamyre
- Department of Neurology, Pittsburgh Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
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Association between the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase gene Ser326Cys polymorphism and age-related cataract: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Ophthalmol 2017. [PMID: 28631182 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-017-0606-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between the 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) gene Ser326Cys (rs1052133) polymorphism and age-related cataract (ARC). METHODS MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched to identify potential studies published before May 19, 2017, investigating the association between the OGG1 gene Ser326Cys polymorphism and ARC risk. The quality of eligible studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale tool. The association between the OGG1 gene Ser326Cys polymorphism and ARC was analyzed using meta-analysis. Publication bias and sensitivity analyses were also performed. RESULTS Six studies were included in this systematic review, and five of these studies with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were included in a meta-analysis. The sample size of the meta-analysis was 3716, including 1831 patients with cataract and 1885 controls. Odds ratios (ORs) were 0.67 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.52-0.85), 0.90 (95% CI 0.54-1.51), 0.52 (95% CI 0.32-0.85) and 0.72 (95% CI 0.56-0.92) for recessive, dominant, additive and allele contrast models, respectively. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the results of the meta-analysis were robust. No publication bias was observed. CONCLUSIONS The OGG1 gene Ser326Cys polymorphism was associated with ARC risk.
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Maldonado GDC, Terra ON, Arnóbio A, Alfradique GR, Ornellas MH, da Silva RI, de Lima DB. Association Between XRCC1 and WRN as Genetic Markers of Stability and Susceptibility to Cancer in Patients with HIV/AIDS and Cancer: a Cross-Sectional Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:615-620. [PMID: 28440612 PMCID: PMC5464474 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.3.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: HIV-induced immunodeficiency has been implicated as a key factor for risk of cancer. Neoplasia is considered to result from accumulation of damage to the genome. Polymorphisms in repair genes, such as the XRCC1 and WRN, have been associated with susceptibility to development of cancer in patients with HIV/AIDS. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of polymorphisms in XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) and WRN (Cys1367Arg) in patients with HIV/AIDS with or without cancer. Materials and Methods: Genotyping for analysis of polymorphisms was carried out by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). Results: In the genotypic and allelic analysis, no increased risk of cancer was observed with any genotype or allele of XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) singly (prevalence ratio 2.82; p-value= 0.24). However, with the WRN (Cys1367Arg) gene, the heterozygous genotype and arginine allele were associated with increased risk (prevalence ratio= 25.62; p-value= 0.0001). Correlation analysis showed no association between gender and the risk (male p-value= 0.639 and women p-value> 1); however, a positive association for the increased risk of cancer was shown with XRCC1 (Arg399Arg) wild-type homozygous and WRN (Cys1367Arg) heterozygous (p-value< 0.001), with heterozygous XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) and WRN (Cys1367Arg) (p-value< 0.001), and with variant homozygous XRCC1 (Gln399Gln) and heterozygous WRN (Cys1367Arg) (p-value< 0.001). Conclusions: There is no increased risk of cancer in patients who are HIV/AIDS carriers of the XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) gene singly. However, there is a high risk in patients with HIV/AIDS who have the heterozygous genotype and the arginine allele in the WRN (Cys1367Arg) gene singly. Those with WRN (Cys1367Arg) heterozygote genotype showed a high risk of cancer with all genotypes of the XRCC1 (Arg399Gln) gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel de Carvalho Maldonado
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Orlando Nascimento Terra
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriano Arnóbio
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Rohem Alfradique
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Helena Ornellas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Dirce Bonfim de Lima
- Department of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, RJ, Brazil
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Aydin AF, Aydıngöz İE, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Vural P, Uysal M. Association of Leukotrichia in Vitiligo and Asp148Glu Polymorphism of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1. Int J Trichology 2017; 9:171-176. [PMID: 29118522 PMCID: PMC5655626 DOI: 10.4103/ijt.ijt_4_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress and increased DNA damage have been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of vitiligo. Oxidative DNA damage is mainly repaired by the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Aim: We sought to determine whether polymorphisms in DNA repair genes may have a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Materials and Methods: We conducted a study including 100 patients with vitiligo and age- and sex-matched 193 control subjects to examine the role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms of BER genes, human 8-oxoG DNA N-glycosylase 1 (codon 326), apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) (codon 148), and X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (codon 399) as risk factors for vitiligo. These polymorphisms were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and melting curve analysis. Results: No significant association was observed between the variant alleles of studied genes and vitiligo. Conclusion: However, we showed that the presence of APE1 148Glu variant allele is associated with leukotrichia. This preliminary study suggests that APE1 (codon 148) polymorphism may play a role in vitiligo pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fatih Aydin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İkbal Esen Aydıngöz
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semra Doğru-Abbasoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pervin Vural
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müjdat Uysal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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McAdam E, Brem R, Karran P. Oxidative Stress-Induced Protein Damage Inhibits DNA Repair and Determines Mutation Risk and Therapeutic Efficacy. Mol Cancer Res 2016; 14:612-22. [PMID: 27106867 PMCID: PMC4955916 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The relationship between sun exposure and nonmelanoma skin cancer risk is well established. Solar UV (wavelength 280-400 nm) is firmly implicated in skin cancer development. Nucleotide excision repair (NER) protects against cancer by removing potentially mutagenic DNA lesions induced by UVB (280-320 nm). How the 20-fold more abundant UVA (320-400 nm) component of solar UV radiation increases skin cancer risk is not understood. Here it is demonstrated that the contribution of UVA to the effect of UV radiation on cultured human cells is largely independent of its ability to damage DNA. Instead, the effects of UVA reflect the induction of oxidative stress that causes extensive protein oxidation. Because NER proteins are among those damaged, UVA irradiation inhibits NER and increases the susceptibility of the cells to mutation by UVB. NER inhibition is a common consequence of oxidative stress. Exposure to chemical oxidants, treatment with drugs that deplete cellular antioxidants, and interventions that interfere with glucose metabolism to disrupt the supply of cellular reducing power all inhibit NER. Tumor cells are often in a condition of oxidative stress and one effect of the NER inhibition that results from stress-induced protein oxidation is an increased sensitivity to the anticancer drug cisplatin. IMPLICATIONS As NER is both a defense against cancer and a significant determinant of cell survival after treatment with anticancer drugs, its attenuation by protein damage under conditions of oxidative stress has implications for both cancer risk and for the effectiveness of anticancer therapy. Mol Cancer Res; 14(7); 612-22. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth McAdam
- The Francis Crick Institute, Clare Hall Laboratory, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Reto Brem
- The Francis Crick Institute, Clare Hall Laboratory, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Karran
- The Francis Crick Institute, Clare Hall Laboratory, South Mimms, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.
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Lai CY, Hsieh LL, Tang R, Santella RM, Chang-Chieh CR, Yeh CC. Association between polymorphisms of APE1 and OGG1 and risk of colorectal cancer in Taiwan. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:3372-3380. [PMID: 27022219 PMCID: PMC4806195 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i12.3372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the effects of OGG1 (Ser326Cys, 11657A/G, and Arg154His) and APE1 (Asp148Glu, and T-656G) polymorphisms on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk.
METHODS: We enrolled 727 cases newly diagnosed with colorectal adenocarcinoma and 736 age- and sex-matched healthy controls from a medical center in Taiwan. Genomic DNA isolated from the buffy coat was used for genotyping through polymerase chain reaction. Unconditional logistic regressions were used for calculating ORs and 95%CIs to determine the association between the genetic polymorphisms and CRC risk. Haplotype frequencies were estimated using PHASE software. Moreover, stratification analyses on the basis of sex, age at diagnosis, and tumor subsite and stage were performed.
RESULTS: The CRC risk was higher in patients with the OGG1 326Ser/Cys + Cys/Cys genotype (OR = 1.38, 95%CI: 1.03-1.85, P = 0.030), particularly high in patients with stage III + IV cancer (OR = 1.48, 95%CI: 1.03-2.13) compared with patients with the Ser/Ser genotype. In addition, OGG1 11657G allele carriers had a 41% reduced CRC risk among stage 0-II patients (OR = 0.59, 95%CI: 0.35-0.98). The CRC risk was significantly higher among females with the APE1 Glu allele (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.02-1.96). The APE1 148Glu/-656G haplotype was also associated with a significant CRC risk in females (OR = 1.36, 95%CI: 1.03-1.78).
CONCLUSION: OGG1 and APE1 polymorphisms are associated with stage- and sex-specific risk of CRC in the Taiwanese population.
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Orhan G, Elkama A, Mungan SÖ, Eruyar E, Karahalil B. The impact of detoxifying and repair gene polymorphisms on oxidative stress in ischemic stroke. Neurol Sci 2016; 37:955-61. [PMID: 26936466 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-016-2524-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a multifactorial disease caused by the combination of certain risk factors and genetic factors. There are possible risk factors having important role in the pathogenesis of stroke. The most important environmental factors are cigarette smoking and oxidative stress which have different sources. GST (M1, T1, P1) have major roles in detoxification of the products of oxidative stress and they are polymorphic. DNA damages can also be repaired by repair enzymes such as OGG1 and XRCC1 which are highly polymorphic and have pivotal roles in repair systems. In the present study, we investigated that polymorphisms in genes involved in detoxification and DNA-repair pathways might modify the individual's risk for ischemic stroke. Furthermore, the products of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity were measured and the impact of gene polymorphism on them was evaluated. Our data showed that OGG1 Ser326Cys and XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene polymorphisms had impacts on the development of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gürdal Orhan
- Clinics of Neurology, Ankara Numune Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aylin Elkama
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Esra Eruyar
- Clinics of Neurology, Ankara Numune Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bensu Karahalil
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330, Ankara, Turkey.
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Poletto M, Legrand AJ, Fletcher SC, Dianov GL. p53 coordinates base excision repair to prevent genomic instability. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:3165-75. [PMID: 26773055 PMCID: PMC4838360 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA constantly undergoes chemical modification due to endogenous and exogenous mutagens. The DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway is the frontline mechanism handling the majority of these lesions, and primarily involves a DNA incision and subsequent resealing step. It is imperative that these processes are extremely well-coordinated as unrepaired DNA single strand breaks (SSBs) can be converted to DNA double strand breaks during replication thus triggering genomic instability. However, the mechanism(s) governing the BER process are poorly understood. Here we show that accumulation of unrepaired SSBs triggers a p53/Sp1-dependent downregulation of APE1, the endonuclease responsible for the DNA incision during BER. Importantly, we demonstrate that impaired p53 function, a characteristic of many cancers, leads to a failure of the BER coordination mechanism, overexpression of APE1, accumulation of DNA strand breaks and results in genomic instability. Our data provide evidence for a previously unrecognized mechanism for coordination of BER by p53, and its dysfunction in p53-inactivated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Poletto
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK
| | - Arnaud J Legrand
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK
| | - Sally C Fletcher
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK
| | - Grigory L Dianov
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrenteva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Mian M, McNamara MG, Doherty M, Hedley D, Knox JJ, Serra S. Predictive and prognostic values of ERCC1 and XRCC1 in biliary tract cancers. J Clin Pathol 2016; 69:695-701. [DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Abstract
The multistep process of cancer progresses over many years. The prevention of mutations by DNA repair pathways led to an early appreciation of a role for repair in cancer avoidance. However, the broader role of the DNA damage response (DDR) emerged more slowly. In this Timeline article, we reflect on how our understanding of the steps leading to cancer developed, focusing on the role of the DDR. We also consider how our current knowledge can be exploited for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny A Jeggo
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Laurence H Pearl
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
| | - Antony M Carr
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RQ, UK
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Lorusso D, Scambia G, Pignata S, Sorio R, Amadio G, Lepori S, Mosconi A, Pisano C, Mangili G, Maltese G, Sabbatini R, Artioli G, Gamucci T, Di Napoli M, Capoluongo E, Ludovini V, Raspagliesi F, Ferrandina G. Prospective phase II trial of trabectedin in BRCA-mutated and/or BRCAness phenotype recurrent ovarian cancer patients: the MITO 15 trial. Ann Oncol 2015; 27:487-93. [PMID: 26681678 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current evidence suggest that trabectedin is particularly effective in cells lacking functional homologous recombination repair mechanisms. A prospective phase II trial was designed to evaluate the activity of trabectedin in the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer patients presenting BRCA mutation and/or BRCAness phenotype. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 100 patients with recurrent BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer and/or BRCAness phenotype (≥2 previous responses to platinum) were treated with trabectedin 1.3 mg/mq i.v. q 3 weeks. The activity of the drug with respect to BRCA mutational status and to a series of polymorphisms [single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] involved in DNA gene repair was analyzed. RESULTS Ninety-four were evaluable for response; in the whole population, 4 complete and 33 partial responses were registered for an overall response rate (ORR) of 39.4. In the platinum-resistant (PR) and -sensitive (PS) population, an ORR of 31.2% and 47.8%, and an overall clinical benefit of 54.2% and 73.9%, respectively, were registered. In the whole series, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 18 weeks and the median overall survival (OS) was 72 weeks; PS patients showed a more favorable PFS and OS compared with PR patients. BRCA gene mutational status was available in 69 patients. There was no difference in ORR, PFS and OS according to BRCA 1-2 status nor any association between SNPs of genes involved in DNA repair and NER machinery and response to trabectedin was reported. CONCLUSIONS Our data prospectively confirmed that the signature of 'repeated platinum sensitivity' identifies patients highly responsive to trabectedin. In this setting, the activity of trabectedin seems comparable to what could be obtained using platinum compounds and the drug may represent a valuable alternative option in patients who present contraindication to receive platinum. EUDRACT NUMBER 2011-001298-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lorusso
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan
| | - G Scambia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Rome
| | - S Pignata
- Department of Gynecologic and Urologic Oncology, Fondazione Pascale, National Cancer Institute of Naples
| | - R Sorio
- Department of Oncology, CRO Aviano, Aviano
| | - G Amadio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Rome
| | - S Lepori
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan
| | - A Mosconi
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Perugia
| | - C Pisano
- Department of Gynecologic and Urologic Oncology, Fondazione Pascale, National Cancer Institute of Naples
| | - G Mangili
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan
| | - G Maltese
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan
| | - R Sabbatini
- Department of Oncology Haematology and Respiratory Disease, AOU Policlinico di Modena, Modena
| | - G Artioli
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hospital of Mirano, Mirano
| | - T Gamucci
- Medical Oncology Unit, Hospital 'SS. Trinità', Sora
| | - M Di Napoli
- Department of Gynecologic and Urologic Oncology, Fondazione Pascale, National Cancer Institute of Naples
| | - E Capoluongo
- Department of Molecular Biology, Catholic University of Rome
| | - V Ludovini
- Molecular Biology Unit, University Hospital S. Maria della Misericordia, Perugia, Italy
| | - F Raspagliesi
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS National Cancer Institute, Milan
| | - G Ferrandina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Rome
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Wang C, Lai Q, Zhang S, Hu J. Senile cataract and genetic polymorphisms of APE1, XRCC1 and OGG1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:16036-16045. [PMID: 26884880 PMCID: PMC4730093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Polymorphisms of DNA repair enzymes which may influence their repair efficiency lead to diseases, for example, senile cataract. In this study, we aimed to analyze the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in AP endonuclease-1 (APE1), 8-oxoguanine glycosylase-1 (OGG1) and X-ray repair cross-complementing-1 (XRCC1) genes with the risk of age-related cataract in a Chinese population. Genotyping was carried out by the polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing on 402 cataract patients and 813 controls in this study. Differences in the frequencies were estimated by the chi-square test, and risk was estimated using unconditional logistic regression after adjusting for age and gender. Our results demonstrated there was a significant difference between the case and control groups in the APE1-141 G/G genotype (P=0.002). This difference still existed after adjusting for age and gender (P*=0.003). The APE1-141 T/T genotype and T allele frequencies were significantly higher in cataract patients, while the G/G genotype and G allele frequencies in patients were significantly lower than in controls (P < 0.05). The APE1-141 G/G genotype (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.31-0.77) seems to have a protective role against cataract, and the T allele seems to have a deleterious role in the development of cataract. In OGG1 Ser326Cys and XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphisms, there were no significant differences in frequencies of the variant homozygous in patients compared with controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
| | - Qiaohong Lai
- Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030, China
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