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Tahamoli-Roudsari A, Rahmani F, Afshar S, Hajilooi M, Solgi G. Expression patterns of T cells-specific long noncoding RNAs in systemic lupus erythematosus patients carrying HLA risk/nonrisk alleles. Lupus 2023; 32:1188-1198. [PMID: 37610356 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231196626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) play key roles in the regulation of gene expression and subsequently in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases. This study aimed to explore the peripheral expression levels of T-cells-specific LncRNAs and transcription factors in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients carrying either human leukocyte antigens (HLA) risk or non-risk alleles. METHODS Genotypes of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 loci for 106 SLE patients were determined by PCR-SSP. In the next step, patients were stratified based on the presence of HLA-DRB1*03 and/or DRB1*16 allele groups (HLA risk alleles positive or HLA-RPos) or carrying other DRB1 allele groups (HLA-RNeg). Then, transcript levels of LncRNAs (IFNG-AS1, RMRP, Th2LCR, and DQ786243) and mRNAs for transcription factors (Foxp3, Gata3, and Tbx21) were measured using qRT-PCR and compared between two subgroups of patients. RESULTS Totally, 47 cases were classified as HLA-RPos and 59 cases as HLA-RNeg patients. The HLA-RPos patients showed decreased transcript levels of DQ786243 (p = .001) and elevated expression of IFNG-AS1 (p = .06) and T-bet mRNA (p = .03) compared to the HLA-RNeg group. We observed significantly lower expression of Th2LCR (p < .0001) and DQ786243 (p = .001) and higher expression of Tbx21 (p = .009) and Foxp3 (p = .02) in DR3-positive versus DR3-negative patients. Likewise, decreased transcript levels of DQ786243 (p = .02) and RMRP (p = .003) were observed in DR16-positive versus DR16-negative patients. ROC curve analysis revealed the potential of DQ786243 and RMRP as biomarkers in SLE disease based on the carriage of HLA risk alleles. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the contribution of multiple T cell subsets in SLE disease progression as judged by expression analysis of LncRNAs and transcription factors can be inspired by the inheritance of HLA risk/nonrisk alleles is SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Tahamoli-Roudsari
- School of Medicine, Department of Internal Diseases Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rahmani
- School of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- School of Medicine, Department of Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hajilooi
- School of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ghasem Solgi
- School of Medicine, Department of Immunology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Agosto‐Burgos C, Wu EY, Iannone MA, Hu Y, Hogan SL, Henderson CD, Kennedy KB, Blazek L, Herrera CA, Munson D, Falk RJ, Ciavatta DJ, Free ME. The frequency of Treg subsets distinguishes disease activity in ANCA vasculitis. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1428. [PMID: 36381498 PMCID: PMC9652144 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives T regulatory cells (Tregs) are a heterogeneous group of immunoregulatory cells that dampen self-harming immune responses and prevent the development of autoimmune diseases. In anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) vasculitis, Tregs possess diminished suppressive capacity, which has been attributed to the expression of a FOXP3 splice-variant lacking exon 2 in T cells (FOXP3Δ2 CD4+ T cells). However, the suppressive capacity of Tregs varies between subsets. We evaluated the frequency of Treg subsets in ANCA vasculitis as a potential explanation for diminished suppressive capacity. Methods We developed a custom mass cytometry panel and performed deep immune profiling of Tregs in healthy controls, patients with active disease and in remission. Using these data, we performed multidimensional reduction and discriminant analysis to identify associations between Treg subsets and disease activity. Results Total Tregs were expanded in ANCA vasculitis, which was associated with remission and the administration of rituximab and/or prednisone. The frequency of FOXP3Δ2 CD4+ T cells did not distinguish disease activity and this population had high expression levels of CD127 and lacked both CD25 and Helios, suggesting that they are not conventional Tregs. The frequency of CXCR3+, CD103+ and CCR7+ Tregs distinguished disease activity, and the combination of the frequency of these three Treg subsets segregated active patients from patients in remission and healthy controls. From these three subsets, the frequency of CXCR3+ Tregs distinguished patients with active disease with renal involvement. Conclusion Treg heterogeneity can discriminate disease activity and should be explored as a biomarker of disease activity in ANCA vasculitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Agosto‐Burgos
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Eveline Y Wu
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of PediatricsUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Marie A Iannone
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Yichun Hu
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Susan L Hogan
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Candace D Henderson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Kristin B Kennedy
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Lauren Blazek
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Carolina A Herrera
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Dominique Munson
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Ronald J Falk
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Dominic J Ciavatta
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of GeneticsUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
| | - Meghan E Free
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, UNC Kidney CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
- Department of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNCUSA
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Lupus nephritis with corticosteroid responsiveness: molecular changes of CD46-mediated type 1 regulatory T cells. Pediatr Res 2022; 92:1099-1107. [PMID: 34952938 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01882-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The engagement of the complement regulatory proteins CD46 and CD3 in human CD4+ T cells induces the type 1 regulatory T cells (Tr1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) secretion. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular changes of Tr1 cells through CD46 cytoplasmic Cyt1 tail in lupus nephritis (LN) respond to intravenous methylprednisolone (ivMP) therapy. METHODS We enrolled 40 pediatric patients with LN and 30 healthy controls. Clinical characteristics and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected before and 3 days after the administration of ivMP. Kidney specimens were taken from five LN and five minimal-change nephrotic syndrome patients. RESULTS We found that defective CD46-mediated T-helper type 1 contraction (IL-10 switching) is present in active LN patients. The ivMP therapy enhanced LN remission, restored the production of IL-10, increased the CD46-Cyt1/Cyt2 ratio, AKT, and cAMP-responsive element-binding protein phosphorylation, and induced migration with the expression of chemokine receptor molecules CCR4, CCR6, and CCR7 of CD3/CD46-activated Tr1 cells. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacologic interventions that alter the patterns of CD46-Cyt1/Cyt2 expression and the secretion of IL-10 by CD3/CD46-activated Tr1 cells can be used in patients with active LN. IMPACT In patients with LN, ivMP was associated with increased IL-10 production and increased CD46-Cyt1/Cyt2 ratio and AKT phosphorylation by Tr1 cells, with enhanced potential to migration in response to CCL17. These results suggest that expression levels of CD46 isoforms Cyt1 and Cyt2 in CD4 + CD46 + Tr1 cells differ in patients with active LN but can be corrected by corticosteroid treatment. Enhancing the expression of functional CD4 + CD46 + Tr1 cells may be a useful therapeutic approach for LN.
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Hetta HF, Mohamed AAA, Zahran AM, A Mahran S, MY Sayed M, GA Saleh M, Abdelazeem K, Batiha GES, Al-Rejaie S, Waheed Y, Muhammad K, M Hassanien M. Possible Role of Regulatory B Cells in Different Behçet's Disease Phenotypes and Therapies: First Report from Egypt. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:737-744. [PMID: 33727848 PMCID: PMC7955029 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s279912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The data about the role of regulatory B cells (Breg) in Behcet Disease (BD) are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of total B lymphocytes and Breg cells in different BD phenotypes and therapies attempting to unravel their function. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 35 BD patients and 39 healthy controls (HCs). The demographic data of the study subjects were collected including age and gender. Current medications including disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) were recorded. All patients underwent testing for baseline laboratory investigations including full blood count, liver and kidney function tests, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) by Westergren blot and C-reactive protein (CRP). Measurement of the total B lymphocytes and their subtypes B regulatory lymphocytes by flow cytometric assay. Assessment of BD activity was done using the revised Behçet's Disease Current Activity Form (BDCAF) 2006 and Behçet's Syndrome Activity Score (BSAS) 1111111111. All participants were assessed for the presence of erectile dysfunction using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5 score), and for depression using the Beck Depression Inventory. RESULTS A dramatic drop in the number of B cells, total and regulatory, was observed in the patients compared to the HCs. Regulatory cells (Bregs) tend to be upregulated with genital ulcers or vascular disease. Bregs but not B lymphocytes were associated with BSAS and ESR. Neither the total B lymphocytes nor the Bregs correlated with CRP or the sexual function or depression scores. Of all the used medications, low-dose aspirin was seen with markedly high Bregs proportions. CONCLUSION This study supports the role of B cells in BD pathogenesis and strongly suggests a possible role for Bregs in the resolution of different BD manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helal F Hetta
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Correspondence: Helal F Hetta Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt Email
| | - Alaa A A Mohamed
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Zahran
- Clinical Pathology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Safaa A Mahran
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Marwa MY Sayed
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed GA Saleh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Khaled Abdelazeem
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicines, Damanhour University, Damanhur, 22511, Egypt
| | - Salim Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Waheed
- Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Muhammad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Manal M Hassanien
- Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Khalil F, Rafat MN, Lotfy A, Hemida MH, Sayed M, Attia M. Study of FoxP3+ CD4+ CD25+ in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/ejim.ejim_44_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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The Involvement of MicroRNAs in Modulation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:4126106. [PMID: 29854836 PMCID: PMC5964414 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4126106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), represent a family of RNA molecules that do not translate into protein. Nevertheless, they have the ability to regulate gene expression and play an essential role in immune cell differentiation and function. MicroRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in various tissues, and changes in their expression have been associated with several pathological processes. Yet, their roles in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN) remain to be elucidated. Both SLE and LN are characterized by a complex dysfunction of the innate and adaptive immunity. Recently, significant findings have been made in understanding SLE through the use of genetic variant identification and expression pattern analysis and mouse models, as well as epigenetic analyses. Abnormalities in immune cell responses, cytokine and chemokine production, cell activation, and apoptosis have been linked to a unique expression pattern of a number of miRNAs that have been implicated in the immune pathogenesis of this autoimmune disease. The recent evidence that significantly increased the understanding of the pathogenesis of SLE drives a renewed interest in efficient therapy targets. This review aims at providing an overview of the current state of research on the expression and role of miRNAs in the immune pathogenesis of SLE and LN.
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Mathian A, Jouenne R, Chader D, Cohen-Aubart F, Haroche J, Fadlallah J, Claër L, Musset L, Gorochov G, Amoura Z, Miyara M. Regulatory T Cell Responses to High-Dose Methylprednisolone in Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143689. [PMID: 26629828 PMCID: PMC4667921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE A slight increase in the proportion of circulating regulatory T (Treg) cells has been reported in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients taking oral prednisone. The effects of intravenous (IV) high dose methylprednisolone (MP) on Tregs have not yet been described, especially in active SLE. METHODS We prospectively analyzed the proportion of circulating CD4+ Treg cell subsets defined as follows: (1) naïve Treg (nTreg) FoxP3lowCD45RA+ cells; (2) effector Treg (eTreg) FoxP3highCD45RA- cells; and (3) non-suppressive FoxP3lowCD45RA- cells (non-regulatory Foxp3low T cells). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with active SLE were analyzed before the first infusion of IV high dose MP (day 0) and the following days (day 1, day 2, ±day 3 and ±day 8). The activity of SLE was assessed by the SLEDAI score. RESULTS Seventeen patients were included. Following MP infusions, the median (range) percentage of eTregs significantly increased from 1.62% (0.53-8.43) at day 0 to 2.80% (0.83-14.60) at day 1 (p = 0.003 versus day 0), 4.64% (0.50-12.40) at day 2 (p = 0.06 versus day 1) and 7.50% (1.02-20.70) at day 3 (p = 0.008 versus day 2), and declined to baseline values at day 8. Expanding eTreg cells were actively proliferating, as they expressed Ki-67. The frequency of non-regulatory FoxP3low T cells decreased from 6.39% (3.20-17.70) at day 0 to 4.74% (1.03-9.72) at day 2 (p = 0.005); nTreg frequency did not change. All patients clinically improved immediately after MP pulses. The absence of flare after one year of follow up was associated with a higher frequency of eTregs at day 2. CONCLUSION IV high dose MP induces a rapid, dramatic and transient increase in circulating regulatory T cells. This increase may participate in the preventive effect of MP on subsequent flares in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Mathian
- Service de médecine interne 2, Centre de Référence National pour le Lupus et le Syndrome des Antiphospholipides, institut E3M, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), 83 Bd de l’hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Romain Jouenne
- Service de médecine interne 2, Centre de Référence National pour le Lupus et le Syndrome des Antiphospholipides, institut E3M, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), 83 Bd de l’hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Driss Chader
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), 83 Bd de l’hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
- Département d’immunologie, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Fleur Cohen-Aubart
- Service de médecine interne 2, Centre de Référence National pour le Lupus et le Syndrome des Antiphospholipides, institut E3M, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Julien Haroche
- Service de médecine interne 2, Centre de Référence National pour le Lupus et le Syndrome des Antiphospholipides, institut E3M, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), 83 Bd de l’hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Jehane Fadlallah
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), 83 Bd de l’hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Claër
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), 83 Bd de l’hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Lucile Musset
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), 83 Bd de l’hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
- Département d’immunologie, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Guy Gorochov
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), 83 Bd de l’hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
- Département d’immunologie, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Zahir Amoura
- Service de médecine interne 2, Centre de Référence National pour le Lupus et le Syndrome des Antiphospholipides, institut E3M, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), 83 Bd de l’hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Makoto Miyara
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS1135, Centre d’Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (Cimi-Paris), 83 Bd de l’hôpital, F-75013, Paris, France
- Département d’immunologie, Groupement Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Eltayeb AA, Sayed DM, Afifi NA, Ibrahim MA, Sheref TM. Regulatory T cell subsets in children with systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2014; 33:1085-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-014-2636-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kato H, Perl A. Mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 expands Th17 and IL-4+ CD4-CD8- double-negative T cells and contracts regulatory T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2014; 192:4134-44. [PMID: 24683191 PMCID: PMC3995867 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is activated in CD4(-)CD8(-) double-negative (DN) T cells and its blockade is therapeutic in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Murine studies showed the involvement of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and 2 (mTORC2) in the differentiation of Th1/Th17 cells and Th2 cells, respectively. In this study, we investigated the roles of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in T cell lineage development in SLE and matched healthy control (HC) subjects. mTORC1 activity was increased, whereas mTORC2 was reduced, as assessed by phosphorylation of their substrates phosphorylated S6 kinase 1 or phosphorylated S6 ribosomal protein and phosphorylated Akt, respectively. Rapamycin inhibited mTORC1 and enhanced mTORC2. IL-4 expression was increased in freshly isolated CD8(+) lupus T cells (SLE: 8.09 ± 1.93%, HC: 3.61 ± 0.49%; p = 0.01). DN T cells had greater IL-4 expression than CD4(+) or CD8(+) T cells of SLE patients after 3-d in vitro stimulation, which was suppressed by rapamycin (control: 9.26 ± 1.48%, rapamycin: 5.03 ± 0.66%; p < 0.001). GATA-3 expression was increased in CD8(+) lupus T cells (p < 0.01) and was insensitive to rapamycin treatment. IFN-γ expression was reduced in all lupus T cell subsets (p = 1.0 × 10(-5)) and also resisted rapamycin. IL-17 expression was increased in CD4(+) lupus T cells (SLE: 3.62 ± 0.66%, HC: 2.29 ± 0.27%; p = 0.019), which was suppressed by rapamycin (control: 3.91 ± 0.79%, rapamycin: 2.22 ± 0.60%; p < 0.001). Frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) was reduced in SLE (SLE: 1.83 ± 0.25%, HC: 2.97 ± 0.27%; p = 0.0012). Rapamycin inhibited mTORC1 in Tregs and promoted their expansion. Neutralization of IL-17, but not IL-4, also expanded Tregs in SLE and HC subjects. These results indicate that mTORC1 expands IL-4(+) DN T and Th17 cells, and contracts Tregs in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kato
- Division of Rheumatology, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York 13210
| | - Andras Perl
- Division of Rheumatology, Departments of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, College of Medicine, Syracuse, New York 13210
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Mak A, Kow NY. The pathology of T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Immunol Res 2014; 2014:419029. [PMID: 24864268 PMCID: PMC4017881 DOI: 10.1155/2014/419029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by the production of a wide array of autoantibodies. Thus, the condition was traditionally classified as a "B-cell disease". Compelling evidence has however shown that without the assistance of the helper T lymphocytes, it is indeed difficult for the "helpless" B cells to become functional enough to trigger SLE-related inflammation. T cells have been recognized to be crucial in the pathogenicity of SLE through their capabilities to communicate with and offer enormous help to B cells for driving autoantibody production. Recently, a number of phenotypic and functional alterations which increase the propensity to trigger lupus-related inflammation have been identified in lupus T cells. Here, potential mechanisms involving alterations in T-cell receptor expressions, postreceptor downstream signalling, epigenetics, and oxidative stress which favour activation of lupus T cells will be discussed. Additionally, how regulatory CD4+, CD8+, and γδ T cells tune down lupus-related inflammation will be highlighted. Lastly, while currently available outcomes of clinical trials evaluating therapeutic agents which manipulate the T cells such as calcineurin inhibitors indicate that they are at least as efficacious and safe as conventional immunosuppressants in treating lupus glomerulonephritis, larger clinical trials are undoubtedly required to validate these as-yet favourable findings.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoantibodies/biosynthesis
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Calcineurin Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Cell Communication
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/genetics
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology
- Mice
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Signal Transduction
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Anselm Mak
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University Medicine Cluster, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Level 10, NUHS Tower Block, Singapore 119228
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
| | - Nien Yee Kow
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228
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Sharma S, Watanabe S, Sivam A, Wang J, Neuwirth SJ, Perez RI, De Tineo M, Baroody FM, Naclerio RM, Pinto JM. Peripheral blood and tissue T regulatory cells in chronic rhinosinusitis. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2013; 26:371-9. [PMID: 23168151 DOI: 10.2500/ajra.2012.26.3800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has not been fully elucidated. Increased inflammatory cell infiltration and decreased numbers and/or impaired function of T regulatory cells (Tregs) have been reported. This study aimed to determine the role of Tregs in CRS in peripheral blood (PB) and sinus tissue. METHODS Sinus tissue was obtained from 16 CRS subjects and 5 controls. PB from additional 16 CRS subjects and total 20 controls was obtained. Immunohistochemical analysis (CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and Treg [CD4(+)-FoxP3(+) and CD25(+)-FoxP3(+)] cells) of sinus tissue was performed. Percentage of PB Tregs (CD4(+)-CD25(+)-FoxP3(+) cells) was analyzed by flow cytometry. Spontaneous and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced release of cytokines (IL-6, IL-4, IL-10, interferon gamma, transforming growth factor [TGF] beta1, and TNF-alpha) from PB mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was determined. RESULTS PB flow cytometric analysis revealed a lower percentage of Tregs in subjects with CRS compared with healthy controls (p = 0.0003). Although no differences in the PB Treg counts were observed between the CRS subjects with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyposis (CRSsNP), immunohistochemical analysis performed on sinus tissue revealed a higher proportion of Tregs in CRSwNP subjects compared with CRSsNP (p < 0.05). Additionally, we failed to detect any Tregs from control sphenoid sinus tissue. Lower levels of regulatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β1) and higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were found from PBMCs from CRS subjects compared with controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CRS subjects exhibit a decreased percentage of PB Tregs compared with normal controls. PBMCs from CRS subjects show a more proinflammatory and less regulatory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpy Sharma
- Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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12
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Suggs MJL, Majithia V, Lewis RE, Cruse JM. HLA DRB1*1503 allelic haplotype predominance and associated immunodysregulation in systemic lupus erythematosus. Exp Mol Pathol 2011; 91:548-62. [PMID: 21497601 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, relapsing, and remitting disease affecting primarily African American females of child bearing age. Familial aggregation of this disease suggests that at least part of the susceptibility for this disease is genetic, although environmental and hormonal influences are also likely to play a role. Early studies of genetic susceptibility to SLE revealed several of the major histocompatibility complex molecules, namely HLA DR, to be linked to SLE. Meta-analysis of genome scans has yielded loci significant for lupus patients, one of which includes the MHC region. Regulatory T cells are immunoregulatory cells that modulate activated immune cells. These cells play a large role in homeostasis of the immune responses and maintenance of immunologic tolerance, i.e., prevention of autoimmunity. Decreased numbers of regulatory T cells have been described in many autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoantibody production in systemic lupus erythematosus and the resulting immune complex formation and complex deposition into tissues are arguably the central core of immune dysregulation leading to disease manifestations and symptoms. Inability of the immune system to recognize and inhibit autoreactive immune cells in this particular autoimmune disease may be the result of inappropriate numbers and function of regulatory T cells. This study aims to characterize the immune cell population in patients from our community suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus and to prove that these patients exhibit a unique cellular profile compared to healthy age, race and gender matched control subjects. Surprisingly, our findings demonstrate that patients from the local Mississippi area exhibit increased proportions of CD25(+) FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells and CD25(+) FoxP3(-) T cells (of CD45(+) CD3(+) CD4(+) helper T cells) as compared to healthy controls. HLA tissue-typing of these lupus patients revealed a prominent subgroup (~30%) of patients possessing the HLA DRB1*1503 allele. The investigation of this subgroup demonstrated regulatory T cell composition similar to that of the total lupus group and to that of the non-HLA DRB1*1503 subgroup. Genetic analysis for molecular gene expression levels of various lupus-associated genes by real-time PCR demonstrated a unique profile as compared to healthy controls. Increased gene expression of FoxP3 together with decreased gene expression levels of GATA3, TNFAIP3, and TNFSF4 suggest that variations in gene products compared to healthy controls may be playing a role in the immune cell dysregulation and disproportionate CD25(+) FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jeanann L Suggs
- Department of Immunopathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State St., Jackson, MS 39216, USA
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13
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Al Ustwani O, Francis J, Wallace PK, Ambrus J, Wetzler M. Treating myelodysplastic syndrome improves an accompanying autoimmune disease along with a reduction in regulatory T-cells. Leuk Res 2011; 35:e35-6. [PMID: 21247634 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2010.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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14
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Abstract
The suppressive/immunomodulatory function of CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells is crucial for the maintenance of immune homeostasis, which helps to prevent autoimmunity and reduce the inflammation induced by pathogens and environmental insults. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the types and mechanisms of action of Treg cells and their role in the immune tolerance to self-antigens, with a particular focus on naturally occurring Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine V Lourenço
- Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1670, USA
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15
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disorder that disproportionally affects women, especially in their reproductive years. SLE is associated with considerable pregnancy-related morbidity--including fetal loss, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and pre-eclampsia. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (T(REG)) cells have a potent immunosuppressive function and contribute to immunological self-tolerance. These cells might be essential for successful placental development by ensuring fetal tolerance. The numbers of T(REG) cells are augmented during normal pregnancy and, conversely, diminished numbers are associated with pregnancy loss and pre-eclampsia. Several studies have shown that patients with SLE have decreased numbers of T(REG) cells that might be functionally defective. This defective T(REG) cell functioning could predispose women with SLE to pregnancy complications. This article provides an overview of current knowledge of the role and function of T(REG) cells in SLE and pregnancy and how these cells might contribute to improving pregnancy-related outcomes in patients with SLE in the future.
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16
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Habibagahi M, Habibagahi Z, Jaberipour M, Aghdashi A. Quantification of regulatory T cells in peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatol Int 2010; 31:1219-25. [PMID: 20361330 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1427-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are supposed to stop immune responses in the course of immune activation. However, chronic activation of immune system in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and many other autoreactive disorders are evidence of malfunction of this system. Therefore, it is plausible to quantify presence of these cells in different diseases. Forty-one patients with diagnosis of SLE were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups of patients with active and inactive disease based on the disease activity score. Flow cytometry analysis was used to determine the frequency of regulatory T cells in peripheral blood according to high expression of CD25 and intracellular Forkhead/winged-helix (Foxp3). Further 30 healthy individuals considered as control group. Significantly less CD4+CD25hi regulatory T cells were detected in active patients (P < 0.001) compared to healthy individuals. The percentage of CD4+CD25hi cells were inversely correlated with the SLEDAI disease score in patients with active disease (r = -0.837, P < 0.0001). Patients with active disease had lower frequencies of CD4+Foxp3+ cells. However, increased frequencies of CD4+Foxp3+ T cells were observed in peripheral blood of patients with inactive disease compared with active patients or healthy individuals (P < 0.010). Moreover, a significant difference between the proportion of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ population in healthy controls and patients with active disease was shown (P < 0.0005). Presence of lower frequencies of Tregs in patients with SLE could be evaluated as an immune turbulence and could be employed as a target for immunotherapeutic manipulation. However, controversies need to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Habibagahi
- Immunotherapy Laboratory, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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17
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Bernard F, Romano A, Granel B. [Regulatory T cells and systemic autoimmune diseases: systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, primary Sjögren's syndrome]. Rev Med Interne 2009; 31:116-27. [PMID: 19962219 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2009.03.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2008] [Revised: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 03/07/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory/suppressor T cells (Tregs) maintain immunologic homeostasis and prevent autoimmunity. They are the guardians of dominant tolerance. Recent research reveals quantitative and/or functional defect of Tregs in systemic autoimmune diseases. In this article, past and recent studies of Tregs in human systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pGSS) are reviewed. Most studies report that Tregs are decreased in peripheral blood of subjects with active SLE. A population of CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ is specifically described in SLE. Tregs functions are still discussed. Tregs counts in peripheral blood of RA patients vary across studies. Enrichment of synovial fluid in Tregs contrasts with inflammation. Tregs suppressive effects are altered in vivo in RA secondary to proinflammatory cytokines environment and resistance of effector T cells to Tregs. In pGSS, the conflicting place of Tregs in the balance prevention of autoimmunity/antitumor immunity is unspecified. Immunosuppressive treatments, like corticosteroids and anti-TNF, modulate Tregs cells population. There is increasing interest in the use of Tregs as a biological therapy to preserve and restore tolerance to self-antigen. However, difficulties to characterize these lymphocytes and controversies in the results of studies refrain their use in current clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bernard
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital Nord, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), université de la Méditerranée, chemin des Bourrely, 13015 Marseille cedex 15, France
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18
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Gerli R, Nocentini G, Alunno A, Bocci EB, Bianchini R, Bistoni O, Riccardi C. Identification of regulatory T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmun Rev 2009; 8:426-30. [PMID: 19185065 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2009.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The concept that regulatory T cells (Treg) play a key role in both development and maintenance of autoimmune response in rheumatic diseases is well accepted. In recent years, several studies analyzed Treg cell phenotype and function in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the prototypical systemic autoimmune disorder in humans. Although qualitative and/or quantitative abnormalities of Treg cells have been shown, data are often conflicting. This may depend on the selection of patients with different degrees of disease activity or on immunosuppressive treatments that can alter Treg cell findings. Among several proposed surface or intracellular Treg cell markers, CD25 at high level of expression and the transcription factor Foxp3 are the two most investigated in SLE. Despite the glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor-related protein (GITR) represents a reliable phenotypic marker of murine Treg cells, little is known about its role in humans, in particular in the course of systemic autoimmune disorders. Preliminary data seems to suggest that this marker may represent a good tool to identify cell populations included within Treg cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gerli
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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19
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Milojevic D, Nguyen KD, Wara D, Mellins ED. Regulatory T cells and their role in rheumatic diseases: a potential target for novel therapeutic development. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2008; 6:20. [PMID: 19046457 PMCID: PMC2633304 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-6-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 12/01/2008] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells have an important role in limiting immune reactions and are essential regulators of self-tolerance. Among them, CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells are the best-described subset. In this article, we summarize current knowledge on the phenotype, function, and development of CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells. We also review the literature on the role of these T cells in rheumatic diseases and discuss the potential for their use in immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Milojevic
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Khoa D Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Diane Wara
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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20
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Kuhn A, Beissert S, Krammer PH. CD4(+)CD25 (+) regulatory T cells in human lupus erythematosus. Arch Dermatol Res 2008; 301:71-81. [PMID: 18985367 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-008-0891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Natural CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (T(reg)) show a potent immunosuppressive function and contribute to immunologic self-tolerance by suppressing potentially auto-reactive T cells. Depletion of these cells leads to the induction of severe autoimmune diseases in animal models; more recently, several studies have also reported an impairment of T(reg) number and/or function in various human autoimmune diseases. For example, aberrant numbers of circulating CD4(+)CD25(+) T(reg) have been seen in patients with type I diabetes, mycosis fungoides, graft-versus-host-reaction, and rheumatoid arthritis. Moreover, increased numbers of functionally active CD4(+)CD25(+) T(reg) have been detected in the synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), conflicting data on the role of CD4(+)CD25(+) T(reg) in human autoimmune diseases have been presented in the literature. Decreased numbers of peripheral blood T(reg) have been reported by most studies on SLE patients with active disease, but non-impaired or even increased CD4(+)CD25(+) T(reg) numbers have also been described. In addition, both deficient and normal suppressive capacity of isolated T(reg) have been observed in SLE. Analysis of CD4(+)FoxP3(+) T(reg) in skin lesions of patients with a primarily cutaneous manifestation of the disease showed a significant reduction in cell numbers as compared to other inflammatory skin diseases, suggesting the importance of analyzing T(reg) numbers in the affected tissue. In this review, we discuss the role of CD4(+)CD25(+) T(reg) in autoimmunity and recent published data on SLE. Furthermore, we highlight the need for additional studies that address specific gaps of knowledge regarding the pathophysiological mechanisms as well as the identification of future therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annegret Kuhn
- Division of Immunogenetics, Tumor Immunology Program, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
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21
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Li HB, Cai KM, Liu Z, Xia JH, Zhang Y, Xu R, Xu G. Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) are increased in nasal polyps (NP) after treatment with intranasal steroid. Clin Immunol 2008; 129:394-400. [PMID: 18793874 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2008.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2008] [Revised: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps(NP) is still poorly understood. To evaluate the role of Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) in the pathogenesis and management of NP, we investigated the location and expression of Foxp3 in NP before and after treatment with intranasal steroid. NP specimens were obtained from 14 patients with NP before and after intranasal administration of mometasone (50 microg/day for 4 weeks). Foxp3 was detected by double immunofluorescence stain, quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), flow cytometry and western blot. The concentration of interleukin(IL)-10 in supernatants of homogenized tissue was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We found that Foxp3 and IL-10 were downregulated in NP compared to the control mucosa (P<0.05). Foxp3 and IL-10 expression were increased significantly after intranasal steroid treatment (P<0.05). And Foxp3 was tightly correlated with IL-10 in NP (P<0.05) after treatment. These data suggest that Foxp3 is downregulated in NP and intranasal steroid attenuates the chronic inflammatory response by enhancing the expression and function of Foxp3 in NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Li
- Otorhinolarygology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Otorhinolaryngology Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
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