1
|
Li Y, Xu B, Zhang J, Liu X, Ganesan K, Shi G. Exploring the role of LIAS-related cuproptosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2023; 32:1598-1609. [PMID: 37903189 DOI: 10.1177/09612033231211429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cuproptosis is a novel mode of cell death, which is strongly related to energy metabolism in mitochondria and regulated by protein lipoylation. Currently, the molecular mechanisms of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) involved in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) largely remained unclear, our study is aimed to explore the mechanisms of cuproptosis and CRGs involved in SLE. METHODS Bulk RNA-seq datasets were collected to display the expressions of CRGs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE and healthy individuals, and then ROC analysis was used to establish the diagnostic models of CRGs. Next, the immune infiltration analyses were applied to reveal the difference of immune cells infiltration in LIAS-low and LIAS-high group. Additionally, WGCNA analysis was performed to find the gene modules significantly correlated with the LIAS expression level. We also performed the functional enrichment analyses for LIAS-related gene modules to determine the potential pathways involved in the development of SLE. Finally, scRNA-seq dataset was used to cluster immune cell subsets, reveal the activated pathways, and study cell-cell interactions in LIAS-low and LIAS-high cells. RESULT We found CDKN2A was significantly increased and LIAS was significantly decreased in SLE patients compared with healthy individuals. The AUC score showed that LIAS had a great diagnostic value than other CRGs. Additionally, the results of immune infiltration analyses showed that immune cells proportion were diverse in LIAS-low and LIAS-high samples. The gene sets related to LIAS expression level were involved in dephosphorylation of JAK1 by SHP1, phosphorylation of STAT2, cytokine signaling in immune system, expression of interferon-alpha and beta, inhibition of JAK kinase activity by SOCS1/3, and so on. Finally, the results of cell-cell communication showed that CCL- (CCL5 + CCR1) and ANNEXIN- (ANXA1 + FPR1) might play an essential role in the communication network between LIAS-low and LIAS-high cells. CONCLUSION Above findings inferred that LIAS-mediated cuproptosis might involve in a comprehensive cellular and molecular mechanism to cause the occurrence and development of SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Municipal Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Xiamen, China
| | - Bojun Xu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jimin Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Municipal Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kumar Ganesan
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Guixiu Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Municipal Clinical Research Center for Immune Diseases, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Krueger K, Lamenza F, Gu H, El-Hodiri H, Wester J, Oberdick J, Fischer AJ, Oghumu S. Sex differences in susceptibility to substance use disorder: Role for X chromosome inactivation and escape? Mol Cell Neurosci 2023; 125:103859. [PMID: 37207894 PMCID: PMC10286730 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2023.103859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a sex-based disparity associated with substance use disorders (SUDs) as demonstrated by clinical and preclinical studies. Females are known to escalate from initial drug use to compulsive drug-taking behavior (telescoping) more rapidly, and experience greater negative withdrawal effects than males. Although these biological differences have largely been attributed to sex hormones, there is evidence for non-hormonal factors, such as the influence of the sex chromosome, which underlie sex disparities in addiction behavior. However, genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying sex chromosome influences on substance abuse behavior are not completely understood. In this review, we discuss the role that escape from X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) in females plays in sex-associated differences in addiction behavior. Females have two X chromosomes (XX), and during XCI, one X chromosome is randomly chosen to be transcriptionally silenced. However, some X-linked genes escape XCI and display biallelic gene expression. We generated a mouse model using an X-linked gene specific bicistronic dual reporter mouse as a tool to visualize allelic usage and measure XCI escape in a cell specific manner. Our results revealed a previously undiscovered X-linked gene XCI escaper (CXCR3), which is variable and cell type dependent. This illustrates the highly complex and context dependent nature of XCI escape which is largely understudied in the context of SUD. Novel approaches such as single cell RNA sequencing will provide a global molecular landscape and impact of XCI escape in addiction and facilitate our understanding of the contribution of XCI escape to sex disparities in SUD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Krueger
- Department of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Felipe Lamenza
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Howard Gu
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Heithem El-Hodiri
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jason Wester
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - John Oberdick
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andy J Fischer
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Steve Oghumu
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu Y, Li P, Li K, Li N, Liu H, Zhang X, Liu W, Liu Y. Pathological mechanisms and crosstalk among different forms of cell death in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Autoimmun 2022; 132:102890. [PMID: 35963809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by a profound immune dysregulation and the presence of a variety of autoantibodies. Aberrant activation of programmed cell death (PCD) signaling and accelerated cell death is critical in the immunopathogenesis of SLE. Accumulating cellular components from the dead cells and ineffective clearance of the dead cell debris, in particular the nucleic acids and nucleic acids-protein complexes, provide a stable source of self-antigens, which potently activate auto-reactive B cells and promote IFN-I responses in SLE. Different cell types display distinct susceptibility and characteristics to a certain type of cell death, while different PCDs in various cells have mutual and intricate connections to promote immune dysregulation and contribute to the development of SLE. In this review, we discuss the role of various cell death pathways and their interactions in the pathogenesis of SLE. An in depth understanding of the interconnections among various forms cell death in SLE will lead to a better understanding of disease pathogenesis, shedding light on the development of novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengchong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ketian Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huazhen Liu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yudong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deng LJ, Fang XY, Wu J, Li QR, Mao YM, Leng RX, Fan YG, Ye DQ. Down-regulated ALKBH5 Expression Could Affect the Function of T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:2270-2278. [PMID: 35718974 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220617154204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is widespread in eukaryotic mRNA, regulated by m6A demethylase, AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5). However, the role of m6A in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is still obscure. We explored ALKBH5 expression in SLE patients and its effects on T cells. METHODS 100 SLE patients and 110 healthy controls were recruited to investigate the expression of ALKBH5 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). An additional 32 SLE patients and 32 health controls were enrolled to explore the expression of ALKBH5 in T cells. Then we explored the function of ALKBH5 in T cells by lentivirus. RESULTS The expressions of ALKBH5 were downregulated in both PBMCs and T cells in SLE patients (all P<0.05). In PBMCs: ALKBH5 mRNA levels were associated with complement C4 level in plasma (P<0.05). In T cells: ALKBH5 mRNA levels were downregulated in SLE patients with low complement levels, high anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm, anti-RNP, and proteinuria compared with those without, respectively (all P<0.05); ALKBH5 mRNA levels were negatively related with SLE disease activity index score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and anti-dsDNA levels (all P<0.05), and positively correlated with complement C3 and C4 level (all P<0.05). Functionally, the overexpression of ALKBH5 promoted apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation of T cells (all P<0.05). CONCLUSION ALKBH5 expression is downregulated in SLE patients and could affect the apoptosis and proliferation of T cells, but the exact mechanism still needs to be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,Anhui Province Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xin-Yu Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,Anhui Province Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,Anhui Province Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Qing-Ru Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,Anhui Province Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yan-Mei Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,Anhui Province Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Rui-Xue Leng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,Anhui Province Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yin-Guang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,Anhui Province Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Dong-Qing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,Anhui Province Laboratory of Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Impaired Differentiation of Highly Proliferative ICOS +-Tregs Is Involved in the Transition from Low to High Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179501. [PMID: 34502409 PMCID: PMC8430608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulations in the differentiation of CD4+-regulatory-T-cells (Tregs) and CD4+-responder-T-cells (Tresps) are involved in the development of active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Three differentiation pathways of highly proliferative inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS)+- and less proliferative ICOS--CD45RA+CD31+-recent-thymic-emigrant (RTE)-Tregs/Tresps via CD45RA-CD31+-memory-Tregs/Tresps (CD31+-memory-Tregs/Tresps), their direct proliferation via CD45RA+CD31--mature naïve (MN)-Tregs/Tresps, and the production and differentiation of resting MN-Tregs/Tresp into CD45RA-CD31--memory-Tregs/Tresps (CD31--memory-Tregs/Tresps) were examined in 115 healthy controls, 96 SLE remission patients, and 20 active disease patients using six color flow cytometric analysis. In healthy controls an appropriate sequence of these pathways ensured regular age-dependent differentiation. In SLE patients, an age-independently exaggerated differentiation was observed for all Treg/Tresp subsets, where the increased conversion of resting MN-Tregs/Tresps particularly guaranteed the significantly increased ratios of ICOS+-Tregs/ICOS+-Tresps and ICOS--Tregs/ICOS--Tresps during remission. Changes in the differentiation of resting ICOS+-MN-Tresps and ICOS--MN-Tregs from conversion to proliferation caused a significant shift in the ratio of ICOS+-Tregs/ICOS+-Tresps in favor of ICOS+-Tresps and a further increase in the ratio of ICOS--Tregs/ICOS--Tresps with active disease. The differentiation of ICOS+-RTE-Tregs/Tresps seems to be crucial for keeping patients in remission, where their limited production of proliferating resting MN-Tregs may be responsible for the occurrence of active disease flares.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang H, Gao Q, Liao G, Ren S, You W. Clinico-Laboratory Features and Associated Factors of Lupus Mesenteric Vasculitis. Rheumatol Ther 2021; 8:1031-1042. [PMID: 34050908 PMCID: PMC8217476 DOI: 10.1007/s40744-021-00323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lupus mesenteric vasculitis (LMV) is a rare but potentially life-threatening clinical entity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Objective The present study was initiated to explore the clinical features and associated factors of LMV in SLE patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective study on 50 cases of SLE patients with lupus mesenteric vasculitis (LMV) from January 2010 to December 2019 and 89 cases of non-LMV-SLE patients with similar demographic and comorbidities were included as control. All the data regarding clinical features, laboratory findings, and treatment were reviewed independently by two experts in the field. Both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the associated factors of LMV. Results The incidence of LMV was 2.9% among hospitalized SLE patients in the current study. The most frequent symptom and physical sign of LMV were respectively abdominal pain (48, 96%) and abdominal tenderness (45, 90%). Through univariate and subsequent multivariate analysis, oral ulcer (OR, 4.25; P = 0.024), urinary tract involvement (OR, 5.23; P = 0.021), and elevated D-dimer (OR, 1.121; P = 0.008) were demonstrated to be positively associated with LMV, while percentage of lymphocytes (OR, 0.928; P = 0.004) and complement 3 (OR, 0.048; P = 0.008) were negatively correlated with LMV. Conclusions Oral ulcer, urinary tract involvement, reduced percentage of lymphocytes and complement 3, elevated D-dimer could be associated factors for LMV in SLE patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Guanyi Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Sirui Ren
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenxian You
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Buang N, Tapeng L, Gray V, Sardini A, Whilding C, Lightstone L, Cairns TD, Pickering MC, Behmoaras J, Ling GS, Botto M. Type I interferons affect the metabolic fitness of CD8 + T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1980. [PMID: 33790300 PMCID: PMC8012390 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have high expression of type I IFN-stimulated genes. Mitochondrial abnormalities have also been reported, but the contribution of type I IFN exposure to these changes is unknown. Here, we show downregulation of mitochondria-derived genes and mitochondria-associated metabolic pathways in IFN-High patients from transcriptomic analysis of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. CD8+ T cells from these patients have enlarged mitochondria and lower spare respiratory capacity associated with increased cell death upon rechallenge with TCR stimulation. These mitochondrial abnormalities can be phenocopied by exposing CD8+ T cells from healthy volunteers to type I IFN and TCR stimulation. Mechanistically these 'SLE-like' conditions increase CD8+ T cell NAD+ consumption resulting in impaired mitochondrial respiration and reduced cell viability, both of which can be rectified by NAD+ supplementation. Our data suggest that type I IFN exposure contributes to SLE pathogenesis by promoting CD8+ T cell death via metabolic rewiring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norzawani Buang
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lunnathaya Tapeng
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Victor Gray
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alessandro Sardini
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Chad Whilding
- MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Liz Lightstone
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial Lupus Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Thomas D Cairns
- Imperial Lupus Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Matthew C Pickering
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Imperial Lupus Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Guang Sheng Ling
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Marina Botto
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Imperial Lupus Centre, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang C, Wu M, You M, Chen Y, Luo M, Chen Q. The therapeutic applications of mesenchymal stromal cells from human perinatal tissues in autoimmune diseases. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:103. [PMID: 33541422 PMCID: PMC7859900 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The autoimmune diseases are characterized by overactivation of immune cells, chronic inflammation, and immune response to self-antigens, leading to the damage and dysfunction of multiple organs. Patients still do not receive desired clinical outcomes while suffer from various adverse effects imparted by current therapies. The therapeutic strategies based on mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation have become the promising approach for the treatment of autoimmune diseases due to the immunomodulation property of MSCs. MSCs derived from perinatal tissues are collectively known as perinatal MSCs (PMSCs), which can be obtained via painless procedures from donors with lower risk of being contaminated by viruses than those MSCs from adult tissue sources. Therefore, PMSCs may be the ideal cell source for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. This article summarizes recent progress and possible mechanisms of PMSCs in treating autoimmune diseases in animal experiments and clinical studies. This review also presents existing challenges and proposes solutions, which may provide new hints on PMSC transplantation as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan Stem Cell Bank/Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech Inc., 15 Jinquan Road, Chengdu, 610036, China.
| | - Mingjun Wu
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan Stem Cell Bank/Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech Inc., 15 Jinquan Road, Chengdu, 610036, China
| | - Min You
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan Stem Cell Bank/Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech Inc., 15 Jinquan Road, Chengdu, 610036, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan Stem Cell Bank/Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech Inc., 15 Jinquan Road, Chengdu, 610036, China
| | - Maowen Luo
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan Stem Cell Bank/Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech Inc., 15 Jinquan Road, Chengdu, 610036, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan Stem Cell Bank/Sichuan Neo-life Stem Cell Biotech Inc., 15 Jinquan Road, Chengdu, 610036, China. .,Center for Stem Cell Research & Application, Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Katsuyama T, Martin-Delgado IJ, Krishfield SM, Kyttaris VC, Moulton VR. Splicing factor SRSF1 controls T cell homeostasis and its decreased levels are linked to lymphopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 59:2146-2155. [PMID: 32206811 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lymphopenia is a frequent clinical manifestation and risk factor for infections in SLE, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We previously identified novel roles for the RNA-binding protein serine arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) in the control of genes involved in signalling and cytokine production in human T cells. SRSF1 is decreased in T cells from patients with SLE and associates with severe disease. Because SRSF1 controls the expression of apoptosis-related genes, we hypothesized that SRSF1 controls T cell homeostasis and, when reduced, leads to lymphopenia. METHODS We evaluated SRSF1 expression in T cells from SLE patients by immunoblots and analysed its correlation with clinical parameters. T cell conditional Srsf1 knockout mice were used to evaluate lymphoid cells and apoptosis by flow cytometry. Quantitative PCR and immunoblots were used to assess Bcl-xL mRNA and protein expression. SRSF1 overexpression was performed by transient transfections by electroporation. RESULTS We found that low SRSF1 levels correlated with lymphopenia in SLE patients. Selective deletion of Srsf1 in T cells in mice led to T cell lymphopenia, with increased apoptosis and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-xL. Lower SRSF1 expression correlated with low Bcl-xL levels in T cells and lower Bcl-xL levels associated with lymphopenia in SLE patients. Importantly, overexpression of SRSF1 rescued survival of T cells from patients with SLE. CONCLUSION Our studies uncovered a previously unrecognized role for SRSF1 in the control of T cell homeostasis and its reduced expression as a molecular defect that contributes to lymphopenia in systemic autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Katsuyama
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ignacio Juarez Martin-Delgado
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Suzanne M Krishfield
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vasileios C Kyttaris
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vaishali R Moulton
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Up-Regulated Expression of Pro-Apoptotic Long Noncoding RNA lincRNA-p21 with Enhanced Cell Apoptosis in Lupus Nephritis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010301. [PMID: 33396699 PMCID: PMC7795010 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Accelerated cell apoptosis with dysregulated long noncoding RNAs is the crucial pathogenesis in lupus nephritis (LN). Pro-apoptotic lincRNA-p21 was studied in LN patients, cell lines with lentivirus-mediated overexpression and CRISPR interference (CRISPRi)-conducted repression, and a mouse model. Clinical samples were from patients and age/sex-matched controls. Expression of lincRNA-p21 and endogenous RNA target miR-181a, were examined in mononuclear and urine cells. Guide RNA sequences targeting lincRNA-p21 were cloned into CRISPRi with dCas9/ Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) domain. LincRNA-p21-silened transfectants were investigated for apoptosis and miR-181a expression. LincRNA-p21-overexpressed cells were evaluated for apoptosis and p53-related down-stream molecules. Balb/C mice were injected with pristane to induce LN and examined for apoptosis and lincRNA-p21. Higher lincRNA-p21 levels were found in LN mononuclear and urine cells, positively correlated with activity. There were lower miR-181a levels in LN mononuclear cells, negatively correlated with activity. Doxorubicin-induced apoptotic cells had up-regulated lincRNA-p21 levels. CRISPRi with dCas9/KARA domain showed efficient repression ability on transcription initiation/elongation. CRISPRi-conducted lincRNA-p21-silenced transfectants displayed reduced apoptosis with up-regulated miR-181a levels, whereas lentivirus-mediated lincRNA-p21-overexpressed cells revealed enhanced apoptosis with up-regulated downstream PUMA/Bax expression. LN mice had glomerular apoptosis with progressive increased lincRNA-p21 levels. Our results demonstrate up-regulated lincRNA-p21 expression in LN, implicating a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
11
|
González-Naranjo LA, Coral-Enríquez JA, Restrepo-Escobar M, Muñoz-Vahos CH, Jaramillo-Arroyave D, Vanegas-García AL, Eraso R, Vásquez G, Jaimes F. Factors associated with active tuberculosis in Colombian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study. Clin Rheumatol 2020; 40:181-191. [PMID: 32529420 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-020-05225-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify factors associated with active tuberculosis (TB) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS We performed a retrospective case-control study in two tertiary care teaching hospitals in Medellín, Colombia. From January 2007 to December 2017, a total of 268 patients with SLE were included. SLE patients with TB (cases) were matched 1:3 with SLE patients without TB (controls) by disease duration and the date of the hospitalization in which the diagnosis of TB was made (index date of cases) to the nearest available rheumatology hospitalization in the matched controls (± 2 years). Conditional univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Sixty-seven cases and 201 controls were assessed. Only pulmonary TB occurred in 46.3%, only extrapulmonary TB in 16.4% and disseminated TB in 37.3% of cases. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that lymphopenia (OR, 2.91; 95% CI 1.41-6.03; P = 0.004), 12-month cumulative glucocorticoid dose ≥ 1830 mg (OR, 2.74; 95% CI 1.26-5.98; P = 0.011), and having been treated with ≥ 2 immunosuppressants during the last 12 months (OR, 2.81; 95% CI 1.16-6.82; P = 0.022) were associated with TB after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, disease duration, disease activity, and comorbidity index. A trend towards an association of kidney transplantation with TB was also found (OR, 3.77; 95% CI 0.99-14.30; P = 0.051). CONCLUSION Among SLE patients, cumulative glucocorticoid dose, lymphopenia, and the use of ≥ 2 immunosuppressants during the last 12 months were associated with active TB infection. Key Points • Among SLE patients, a cumulative dose of glucocorticoids equivalent to 5 mg/day of prednisone during the last 12 months is independently associated with the development of TB. • The use of two or more immunosuppressants during the last 12 months is also a risk factor for TB infection development is SLE patients. • Lymphopenia is predominant in SLE patients with TB, being especially profound in those with disseminated TB. • Renal transplant recipients with SLE also have an elevated risk of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alonso González-Naranjo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Bloque 7. Calle 64 N°51 D - 154, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Jaime Alberto Coral-Enríquez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Bloque 7. Calle 64 N°51 D - 154, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Restrepo-Escobar
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Bloque 7. Calle 64 N°51 D - 154, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Horacio Muñoz-Vahos
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Bloque 7. Calle 64 N°51 D - 154, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Daniel Jaramillo-Arroyave
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Bloque 7. Calle 64 N°51 D - 154, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Lucía Vanegas-García
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Bloque 7. Calle 64 N°51 D - 154, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ruth Eraso
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Bloque 7. Calle 64 N°51 D - 154, Medellín, Colombia.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Bloque 7. Calle 64 N°51 D - 154, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fabián Jaimes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,GRAEPIC - Clinical Epidemiology Academic Research Group (Grupo Académico de Epidemiología Clínica), Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Research Direction, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Pathogenesis at the Functional Limit of Redox Homeostasis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:1651724. [PMID: 31885772 PMCID: PMC6899283 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1651724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease characterized by the production of autoreactive antibodies and cytokines, which are thought to have a major role in disease activity and progression. Immune system exposure to excessive amounts of autoantigens that are not efficiently removed is reported to play a significant role in the generation of autoantibodies and the pathogenesis of SLE. While several mechanisms of cell death-based autoantigenic exposure and compromised autoantigen removal have been described in relation to disease onset, a significant association with the development of SLE can be attributed to increased apoptosis and impaired phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Both apoptosis and impaired phagocytosis can be caused by hydrogen peroxide whose cellular production is enhanced by exposure to endogenous hormones or environmental chemicals, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of SLE. Hydrogen peroxide can cause lymphocyte apoptosis and glutathione depletion, both of which are associated with the severity of SLE. The cellular accumulation of hydrogen peroxide is facilitated by the myriad of stimuli causing increased cellular bioenergetic activity that enhances metabolic production of this toxic oxidizing agent such as emotional stress and infection, which are recognized SLE exacerbating factors. When combined with impaired cellular hydrogen peroxide removal caused by xenobiotics and genetically compromised hydrogen peroxide elimination due to enzymatic polymorphic variation, a mechanism for cellular accumulation of hydrogen peroxide emerges, leading to hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis and impaired phagocytosis, enhanced autoantigen exposure, formation of autoantibodies, and development of SLE.
Collapse
|
13
|
Minning S, Xiaofan Y, Anqi X, Bingjie G, Dinglei S, Mingshun Z, Juan X, Xiaohui J, Huijuan W. Imbalance between CD8 +CD28 + and CD8 +CD28 - T-cell subsets and its clinical significance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2019; 28:1214-1223. [PMID: 31399013 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319867130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in CD8+CD28-/CD8+CD28+ T-cell subset balance and in the CD8+CD28- Treg cell number and function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Cell isolation and flow cytometry analysis were employed to investigate the T-cell subsets. RESULTS It was found that in high-activity SLE patients, the CD8+CD28+ T-cell subset was reduced, which was inversely correlated with the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), and that the CD8+CD28-/CD8+CD28+ ratio was elevated, which was positively correlated with SLEDAI and with renal damage and inversely correlated with serum complement level, whereas the CD8+CD28- T-cell subset was increased only in inactive patients. It was also found that apoptosis of CD8+ T cells increased, and Fas, Fas ligand (FasL) and interleukin (IL)-6 expression were high, whereas cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) expression was low by the CD8+CD28+ T cell subset in active SLE patients; apoptosis was positively correlated with SLEDAI and with the expression of Fas and FasL by the CD8+CD28+ T-cell subset in active SLE patients. IL-6 and CTLA-4 expression were found to be low by the CD8+CD28- T cell subset in active SLE patients. CONCLUSION These data suggest that high expression of Fas, FasL and IL-6 and low expression of CTLA-4 by the CD8+CD28+ T-cell subset promotes the activation-induced cell death of the CD8+CD28+ T-cell subset, resulting in an imbalance of CD8+CD28-/CD8+CD28+ T cells in active SLE patients, which represents an important feature in the immunological pathogenesis of SLE. The CD8+CD28- T-cell subset may play some role in inactive SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Minning
- 1 Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Xiaofan
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Anqi
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - G Bingjie
- 1 Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - S Dinglei
- 1 Department of Rheumatology, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Z Mingshun
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Juan
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Xiaohui
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - W Huijuan
- 2 Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
CD4+Foxp3+ T cells, interleukin-35 (IL-35) and IL-10 in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Relation to disease activity. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
15
|
Dima A, Pricopi I, Balanescu E, Balanescu P, Baicus C. Interleukin 10 related to lymphopenia in lupus. Eur J Intern Med 2019; 64:e9-e10. [PMID: 31036439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Dima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania; Department of Internal Medicine, Colentina Research Center, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Romania.
| | - I Pricopi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania
| | - E Balanescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Colentina Research Center, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Romania
| | - P Balanescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania; Department of Internal Medicine, Colentina Research Center, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Romania
| | - C Baicus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Romania; Department of Internal Medicine, Colentina Research Center, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stressed: The Unfolded Protein Response in T Cell Development, Activation, and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071792. [PMID: 30978945 PMCID: PMC6479341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a highly conserved pathway that allows cells to respond to stress in the endoplasmic reticulum caused by an accumulation of misfolded and unfolded protein. This is of great importance to secretory cells because, in order for proteins to traffic from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), they need to be folded appropriately. While a wealth of literature has implicated UPR in immune responses, less attention has been given to the role of UPR in T cell development and function. This review discusses the importance of UPR in T cell development, homeostasis, activation, and effector functions. We also speculate about how UPR may be manipulated in T cells to ameliorate pathologies.
Collapse
|
17
|
Xie L, Xu J. Role of MiR-98 and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Rheumatol 2018; 45:1397-1405. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.171290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective.T-lymphocyte apoptosis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of apoptosis in SLE remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the role of miR-98 in SLE and its underlying mechanisms.Methods.Western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) were used to analyze miR-98 and Fas expression. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to identify miR-98 targets. To modify miRNA levels, miR-98 mimics and inhibitor were transfected into cells. A lentiviral construct was used to overexpress the level of Fas in SLE CD4+ T cells. Gene and protein expression were determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Apoptosis levels were evaluated by annexin V staining and flow cytometry.Results.Compared to those of healthy donors, miR-98 was downregulated in SLE CD4+ T cells, whereas Fas mRNA and protein expression were upregulated. Upregulation of miR-98 by mimic transfection protected Jurkat cells against Fas-mediated apoptosis at both mRNA and protein levels, while miR-98 inhibitor induced the completely opposite effect. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miR-98 directly targeted Fas mRNA. Further, miR-98 inhibitor induced apoptosis in primary healthy CD4+ T cells through the Fas-caspase axis, while upregulation of miR-98 in SLE CD4+ T cells led to the opposite effect.Conclusion.The current study revealed that downregulation of miR-98 induces apoptosis by modulating the Fas-mediated apoptotic signaling pathway in SLE CD4+ T cells. These results suggest that miR-98 might serve as a potential target for SLE treatment.
Collapse
|
18
|
Le Coz C, Trofa M, Syrett CM, Martin A, Jyonouchi H, Jyonouchi S, Anguera MC, Romberg N. CD40LG duplication-associated autoimmune disease is silenced by nonrandom X-chromosome inactivation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 141:2308-2311.e7. [PMID: 29499223 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carole Le Coz
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Melissa Trofa
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Camille M Syrett
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Anna Martin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Harumi Jyonouchi
- Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital at Saint Peter's University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ
| | - Soma Jyonouchi
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Montserrat C Anguera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa
| | - Neil Romberg
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa; Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Burbano C, Villar-Vesga J, Orejuela J, Muñoz C, Vanegas A, Vásquez G, Rojas M, Castaño D. Potential Involvement of Platelet-Derived Microparticles and Microparticles Forming Immune Complexes during Monocyte Activation in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2018; 9:322. [PMID: 29545790 PMCID: PMC5837989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles (MPs) are vesicles derived from the plasma membrane of different cells, are considered a source of circulating autoantigens, and can form immune complexes (MPs-ICs). The number of MPs and MPs-ICs increases in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). MPs activate myeloid cells by inducing IL-6 and TNF-α in both SLE and other diseases. Therefore, we propose that the recognition of MPs-ICs by monocytes rather that MPs may define their phenotype and contribute to the inflammatory process in patients with SLE. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate the association among circulating MPs-ICs from different cell sources, alterations observed in monocyte subsets, and disease activity in patients with SLE and to establish whether monocytes bind and respond to MPs-ICs in vitro. Circulating MPs and monocyte subsets were characterized in 60 patients with SLE and 60 healthy controls (HCs) using multiparametric flow cytometry. Patients had higher MP counts and frequencies of MPs-CD41a + (platelet-derived) compared with HCs, regardless of disease activity. MPs from patients with SLE were C1q + and formed ICs with IgM and IgG. MPs-IgG + were positively correlated with active SLE (aSLE), whereas MPs-IgM + were negatively correlated. Most of the circulating total ICs-IgG + were located on MPs. The proportion and number of non-classical monocytes were significantly decreased in patients with SLE compared with HCs and in patients with aSLE compared with patients with the inactive disease. Non-classical monocytes obtained from patients with SLE exhibited increased levels of CD64 associated with MPs-IgG +, MPs-C1q +, total circulating ICs-IgG +, and disease activity. The direct effects of MPs and MPs-IgG + on monocytes were evaluated in cell culture. Monocytes from both HCs and patients bound to and internalized MPs and MPs-IgG + independent of CD64. These vesicles derived from platelets (PMPs), mainly PMPs-IgG +, activated monocytes in vitro and increased the expression of CD69, CD64, and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-α. Therefore, MPs are one of the most representative sources of the total amount of circulating ICs-IgG + in patients with SLE. MPs-IgG + are associated with SLE activity, and PMPs-IgG + stimulate monocytes, changing their phenotype and promoting pro-inflammatory responses related to disease activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Burbano
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Villar-Vesga
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Janine Orejuela
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Muñoz
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Vanegas
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abd Elazeem MI, Mohammed RA, Abdallah NH. Correlation of serum interleukin-10 level with disease activity and severity in systemic lupus erythematosus. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/err.err_15_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
|
21
|
Lupus érythémateux systémique et lymphopénie : aspects cliniques et physiopathologiques. Rev Med Interne 2017; 38:603-613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
22
|
Renal Thrombotic Microangiopathy in Proliferative Lupus Nephritis: Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes: A Case-Control Study. J Clin Rheumatol 2017; 22:235-40. [PMID: 27464767 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000000425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) may be associated with lupus nephritis. Its relationship to other disease factors and its specific effect on prognosis are not precisely known. Evidence regarding these aspects is controversial, and information focusing on kidney-limited TMA in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients is scarce. OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to identify risk factors for renal TMA in patients with lupus nephritis and to determine its impact on clinical outcomes. METHODS A case-control study was performed. We studied 245 renal biopsies from SLE patients. We included patients with renal TMA, as well as control subjects adjusted for glomerulonephritis class, estimated glomerular filtration rate, activity and chronicity indices, and follow-up time. Serological and clinical features were measured at the time of the biopsy and during follow-up. RESULTS Twenty-three patients with renal TMA and 21 control subjects were included. There were no differences in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index score, end-stage renal disease, or mortality between groups during follow-up. After multivariate analysis, lymphopenia (odds ratio, 10.69; 95% CI, 1.35-84.74) and anti-Ro antibody positivity (odds ratio, 8.96; 95% CI, 1.49-53.57) remained significantly associated with renal TMA. CONCLUSIONS Lymphopenia and anti-Ro positivity are independent risk factors for renal TMA in SLE patients. This increased risk could be a consequence of the potential role of these factors in endothelial dysfunction and damage. Outcomes were similar for patients with the same estimated glomerular filtration rate and biopsy characteristics, regardless of the presence of TMA.
Collapse
|
23
|
Shu X, Chen F, Peng Q, Lu X, Tian X, Wang Y, Wang G. Potential role of autophagy in T‑cell survival in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:1180-1188. [PMID: 28586060 PMCID: PMC5562052 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.6693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood T lymphocytopenia has previously been identified in polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the potential role of autophagy in peripheral blood T cell survival in PM/DM patients. Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect the formation of autophagosomes of peripheral blood cluster of differentiation (CD)3+ T cells obtained from 24 patients with PM/DM and 21 healthy controls. Protein and mRNA expression levels of autophagy‑related molecules were examined by western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. The number of peripheral blood CD3+ T cells decreased significantly in PM/DM patients. The median percentage of apoptosis of CD3+ T cells in PM/DM patients was significantly increased compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, the number of autophagosomes and the expression of the autophagy markers microtubule‑associated protein 1A/1B‑light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin‑1 were significantly reduced in the circulating CD3+ T cells of PM/DM patients compared with those of healthy controls. LC3 and Beclin‑1 protein levels correlated negatively with apoptosis rates in circulating CD3+ T cells in patients with PM/DM. CD3+ T cells from PM/DM patients treated with rapamycin increased autophagy and decreased apoptosis compared with untreated cells (P<0.05). In conclusion, these results suggested that autophagy may serve a potential protective role in the peripheral blood T cells of patients with PM/DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Shu
- Department of Rheumatology, China‑Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, China‑Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Qinglin Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, China‑Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xin Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, China‑Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Tian
- Department of Rheumatology, China‑Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, China‑Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Guochun Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, China‑Japan Friendship Hospital, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ramos-Martínez E, Lascurain R, Tenorio EP, Sánchez-González A, Chávez-Rueda K, Chávez-Sánchez L, Jara-Quezada LJ, Chávez-Sánchez R, Zenteno E, Blanco-Favela F. Differential Expression of O-Glycans in CD4(+) T Lymphocytes from Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2017; 240:79-89. [PMID: 27600584 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.240.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) show a decreased activation threshold and increased apoptosis. These processes seem to be regulated by glycosylated molecules on the T cell surface. Here, we determined through flow cytometry the expression of mucin-type O-glycans on T helper cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 23 SLE patients and its relation with disease activity. We used lectins specific for the disaccharide Gal-GalNAc, such as Amaranthus leucocarpus lectin (ALL), Artocarpus integrifolia lectin (jacalin) and Arachis hypogaea lectin (peanut agglutinin, PNA), as well as lectins for sialic acid such as Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) and Maakia amurensis agglutinin (MAA). The results showed that ALL, but not jacalin or PNA, identified significant differences in O-glycan expression on T helper cells from active SLE patients (n = 10). Moreover, an inverse correlation was found between the frequency of T helper cells recognized by ALL and SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score in SLE patients. In contrast, SNA and MAA lectins did not identify any differences between CD4(+) T cells from SLE patients. There was no difference in the recognition by ALL on activated T helper cells and T regulatory (Treg) cells. Our findings point out that activation of SLE disease diminishes the expression of O-glycans in T helper cells; ALL could be considered as a marker to determine activity of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Ramos-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Devarapu SK, Lorenz G, Kulkarni OP, Anders HJ, Mulay SR. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Autoimmunity and Lupus Nephritis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 332:43-154. [PMID: 28526137 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmunity involves immune responses directed against self, which are a result of defective self/foreign distinction of the immune system, leading to proliferation of self-reactive lymphocytes, and is characterized by systemic, as well as tissue-specific, inflammation. Numerous mechanisms operate to ensure the immune tolerance to self-antigens. However, monogenetic defects or genetic variants that weaken immune tolerance render susceptibility to the loss of immune tolerance, which is further triggered by environmental factors. In this review, we discuss the phenomenon of immune tolerance, genetic and environmental factors that influence the immune tolerance, factors that induce autoimmunity such as epigenetic and transcription factors, neutrophil extracellular trap formation, extracellular vesicles, ion channels, and lipid mediators, as well as costimulatory or coinhibitory molecules that contribute to an autoimmune response. Further, we discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms of autoimmune tissue injury and inflammation during systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S K Devarapu
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - G Lorenz
- Klinikum rechts der Isar, Abteilung für Nephrologie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - H-J Anders
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - S R Mulay
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Suppress Autophagy of T Cells in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus via Transfer of Mitochondria. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:4062789. [PMID: 28053607 PMCID: PMC5174187 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4062789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant autophagy played an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, especially in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this study, we showed that T cells from SLE patients had higher autophagic activity than that from healthy controls. A correlation between autophagic activity and apoptotic rate was observed in activated T cells. Moreover, activation of autophagy with rapamycin increased T cell apoptosis, whereas inhibition of autophagy with 3-MA decreased T cell apoptosis. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) could inhibit respiratory mitochondrial biogenesis in activated T cells to downregulate autophagy and consequently decrease T cell apoptosis through mitochondrial transfer and thus may play an important role in SLE treatment.
Collapse
|
27
|
Merayo-Chalico J, Rajme-López S, Barrera-Vargas A, Alcocer-Varela J, Díaz-Zamudio M, Gómez-Martín D. Lymphopenia and autoimmunity: A double-edged sword. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:921-929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
28
|
Coit P, Ognenovski M, Gensterblum E, Maksimowicz-McKinnon K, Wren JD, Sawalha AH. Ethnicity-specific epigenetic variation in naïve CD4+ T cells and the susceptibility to autoimmunity. Epigenetics Chromatin 2015; 8:49. [PMID: 26609326 PMCID: PMC4659164 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-015-0037-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic and epigenetic variability contributes to the susceptibility and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. T cells play an important role in several autoimmune conditions, including lupus, which is more common and more severe in people of African descent. To investigate inherent epigenetic differences in T cells between ethnicities, we characterized genome-wide DNA methylation patterns in naïve CD4+ T cells in healthy African-Americans and European-Americans, and then confirmed our findings in lupus patients. Results Impressive ethnicity-specific clustering of DNA methylation profiling in naïve CD4+ T cells was revealed. Hypomethylated loci in healthy African-Americans were significantly enriched in pro-apoptotic and pro-inflammatory genes. We also found hypomethylated genes in African-Americans to be disproportionately related to autoimmune diseases including lupus. We then confirmed that these genes, such as IL32, CD226, CDKN1A, and PTPRN2 were similarly hypomethylated in lupus patients of African-American compared to European-American descent. Using patch DNA methylation and luciferase reporter constructs, we showed that methylation of the IL32 promoter region reduces gene expression in vitro. Importantly, bisulfite DNA sequencing demonstrated that cis-acting genetic variants within and directly disrupting CpG sites account for some ethnicity-specific variability in DNA methylation. Conclusion Ethnicity-specific inherited epigenetic susceptibility loci in CD4+ T cells provide clues to explain differences in the susceptibility to autoimmunity and possibly other T cell-related diseases between populations. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13072-015-0037-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Coit
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, 5520 MSRB-1, SPC 5680, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Mikhail Ognenovski
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, 5520 MSRB-1, SPC 5680, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Elizabeth Gensterblum
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, 5520 MSRB-1, SPC 5680, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | | | - Jonathan D Wren
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th St, MS 53, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1100 N Lindsay Ave, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Amr H Sawalha
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, 5520 MSRB-1, SPC 5680, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA ; Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, 100 Washtenaw Ave, #2017, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nelson RK, Gould KA. An Lck-cre transgene accelerates autoantibody production and lupus development in (NZB × NZW)F1 mice. Lupus 2015; 25:137-54. [PMID: 26385218 DOI: 10.1177/0961203315603139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lupus is an autoimmune disease characterized by the development of antinuclear autoantibodies and immune complex-mediated tissue damage. T cells in lupus patients appear to undergo apoptosis at an increased rate, and this enhanced T cell apoptosis has been postulated to contribute to lupus pathogenesis by increasing autoantigen load. However, there is no direct evidence to support this hypothesis. In this study, we show that an Lck-cre transgene, which increases T cell apoptosis as a result of T cell-specific expression of cre recombinase, accelerates the development of autoantibodies and nephritis in lupus-prone (NZB × NZW)F1 mice. Although the enhanced T cell apoptosis in Lck-cre transgenic mice resulted in an overall decrease in the relative abundance of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, the proportion of activated CD4(+) T cells was increased and no significant change was observed in the relative abundance of suppressive T cells. We postulate that the Lck-cre transgene promoted lupus by enhancing T cell apoptosis, which, in conjunction with the impaired clearance of apoptotic cells in lupus-prone mice, increased the nuclear antigen load and accelerated the development of anti-nuclear autoantibodies. Furthermore, our results also underscore the importance of including cre-only controls in studies using the cre-lox system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R K Nelson
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - K A Gould
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Emerah AA, Mohamed KF, Elbadawy NE, Rashad MH. Effects of interleukin-10 gene polymorphism on clinical diversity and activity of systemic lupus erythematosus. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2015. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-161x.157855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
31
|
Bloch O, Amit-Vazina M, Yona E, Molad Y, Rapoport MJ. Increased ERK and JNK activation and decreased ERK/JNK ratio are associated with long-term organ damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 53:1034-42. [PMID: 24501249 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The activities of two mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), correlate with disease severity in SLE patients. Whether they are also associated with long-term organ damage is unknown. The aim of the present work was to determine whether impaired expression and activity of ERK and JNK correlate with long-term damage in SLE. METHODS The expression of ERK and JNK and their phosphorylated active forms was determined by western blot analysis four times during the first year of follow-up in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 36 SLE patients. A correlation analysis was performed between ERK and JNK expression and longterm organ damage estimated by the SLICC/ARC Damage Index (SDI) 4 years later. RESULTS Mean levels of ERK and JNK activities during the first year correlated with long-term organ damage severity (r = 0.38 and r = 0.35, respectively; P = 0.05). Overall JNK expression increased with the severity of chronic damage (P = 0.01; P = 0.05 for SDI score 2 and 3, respectively). In contrast, overall ERK expression significantly decreased in patients with maximal organ damage (SDI score 3) compared with patients with an SDI score of 2 (P = 0.03). The ERK/JNK ratio decreased by approximately 40% and 30% in patients with an SDI score of 3 as compared with patients without organ damage and healthy controls, respectively. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that early activation of ERK and JNK along with decreased overall ERK expression and reduced ERK/JNK ratio may predict the severity of long-term organ damage in SLE patients.
Collapse
|
32
|
Fan H, Liu F, Dong G, Ren D, Xu Y, Dou J, Wang T, Sun L, Hou Y. Activation-induced necroptosis contributes to B-cell lymphopenia in active systemic lupus erythematosus. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1416. [PMID: 25210799 PMCID: PMC4225223 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
B-cell abnormality including excessive activation and lymphopenia is a central feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although activation threshold, auto-reaction and death of B cells can be affected by intrinsical and/or external signaling, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Herein, we demonstrate that co-activation of Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and B-cell receptor (BCR) pathways is a core event for the survival/dead states of B cells in SLE. We found that the mortalities of CD19(+)CD27(-) and CD19(+)IgM(+) B-cell subsets were increased in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of SLE patients. The gene microarray analysis of CD19(+) B cells from active SLE patients showed that the differentially expressed genes were closely correlated to TLR7, BCR, apoptosis, necroptosis and immune pathways. We also found that co-activation of TLR7 and BCR could trigger normal B cells to take on SLE-like B-cell characters including the elevated viability, activation and proliferation in the first 3 days and necroptosis in the later days. Moreover, the necroptotic B cells exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and hypoxia, along with the elevated expression of necroptosis-related genes, consistent with that in both SLE B-cell microarray and real-time PCR verification. Expectedly, pretreatment with the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) inhibitor Necrostatin-1, and not the apoptosis inhibitor zVAD, suppressed B-cell death. Importantly, B cells from additional SLE patients also significantly displayed high expression levels of necroptosis-related genes compared with those from healthy donors. These data indicate that co-activation of TLR7 and BCR pathways can promote B cells to hyperactivation and ultimately necroptosis. Our finding provides a new explanation on B-cell lymphopenia in active SLE patients. These data suggest that extrinsic factors may increase the intrinsical abnormality of B cells in SLE patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - F Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - G Dong
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - D Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - J Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - T Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yang X, Sun B, Wang H, Yin C, Wang X, Ji X. Increased serum IL-10 in lupus patients promotes apoptosis of T cell subsets via the caspase 8 pathway initiated by Fas signaling. J Biomed Res 2014; 29:232-40. [PMID: 26060447 PMCID: PMC4449491 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.29.20130037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 07/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to investigate the expression of Fas and FasL on T cell surface and caspase 8 involvement in T cell apoptosis promoted by serum IL-10 in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Cells and sera were obtained from 35 SLE patients. Apoptosis of T cells in patients with SLE was increased and associated with the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). Elevated expression of Fas and FasL on T cell surface contributed to increased apoptosis of T cells. Increased IL-10 in the sera of SLE patients was capable of inducing Fas and FasL expression on CD4+T cell surface, promoting apoptosis of this cell subset. Decreased IL-10 serum levels and low expression of Fas were found in 5 patients of the first follow-up group after 2-month treatment. In another group with one-year treatment, the SLEDAI declined to inactive scores. Serum IL-10 was decreased significantly, and expression of Fas and FasL on T cells was also reduced. Declined apoptosis was predominant only in CD4+T cell subset. When sera with high level of IL-10 were used to culture PBMCs from healthy controls, activated caspase 8 was elevated in CD3+T, CD4+T and CD8+T cells. The study showed that serum IL-10 induced apoptosis of T cell subsets via the caspase 8 pathway initiated by Fas signaling. Increased apoptosis of T cells contributes to autoantigen burden, which is pathogenic in the development of SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210036, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Cheng Yin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xiaole Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Xiaohui Ji
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jolly M, Francis S, Aggarwal R, Mikolaitis RA, Niewold TB, Chubinskaya S, Block JA, Scanzello C, Sequeira W. Serum free light chains, interferon-alpha, and interleukins in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2014; 23:881-8. [PMID: 24786785 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314530793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-alpha (IFN-α), and free light chains (FLCs: lambda, kappa) have all been noted to be of importance in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Herein, we quantified and explored the relationship between these inflammatory mediators and disease activity in SLE; and stratified by their current anti-dsDNA antibody status. METHODS Seventy-seven SLE patients underwent assessment of disease activity using the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). Serum FLC (lambda, kappa, and total), IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-α were quantified. Demographics of disease characteristics were determined by chart reviews. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney test, chi square, and linear regression analyses. RESULTS Mean (SD) age of the patients was 44.9 ± 12.7 years; SLEDAI (mean ± SD) was 3.4 ± 4.0. Serum lambda FLC levels had a moderate correlation (r = 0.46 with physician global assessment, 0.44 with SLEDAI) and the strongest correlation with disease activity as compared with other inflammatory mediators including current dsDNA antibody status. After adjusting for prednisone use, the correlation of lambda FLC with PGA (r = 0.48) and SLEDAI (r = 0.52) was better than of current dsDNA antibody status with PGA (r = 0.33) and adjusted SLEDAI (r = 0.24), respectively. IL-10 and IFN-α activity did not correlate with disease activity. Serum FLC and IL-6 levels could differentiate between active and inactive SLE patients. Serum lambda FLC and IL-6 levels differed significantly among patients with and without current dsDNA antibodies. Serum lambda FLC levels accounted for 31% of variance in SLEDAI scores. CONCLUSION Serum FLC and IL-6 are potentially useful biomarkers of disease activity in SLE. Further studies, with larger study sample and longitudinal design, are indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Jolly
- Rush University Medical Center, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Francis
- Central Dupage Hospital, Section of Rheumatology, Winfield, IL, USA
| | - R Aggarwal
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R A Mikolaitis
- Rush University Medical Center, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - S Chubinskaya
- Rush University Medical Center, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J A Block
- Rush University Medical Center, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - C Scanzello
- Rush University Medical Center, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - W Sequeira
- Rush University Medical Center, Section of Rheumatology, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Pieterse E, van der Vlag J. Breaking immunological tolerance in systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Immunol 2014; 5:164. [PMID: 24782867 PMCID: PMC3988363 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a fairly heterogeneous autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that mainly affects women in the childbearing age. SLE is a prototype type III hypersensitivity reaction in which immune complex depositions cause inflammation and tissue damage in multiple organs. Two distinct cell death pathways, apoptosis and NETosis, gained a great deal of interest among scientists, since both processes seem to be deregulated in SLE. There is growing evidence that histone modifications induced by these cell death pathways exert a central role in the induction of autoimmunity. In the current review, we discuss how abnormalities in apoptosis, NETosis, and histone modifications may lead to a break of immunological tolerance in SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elmar Pieterse
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , Netherlands
| | - Johan van der Vlag
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Clinical impact of altered T-cell homeostasis in treated HIV patients enrolled in a large observational cohort. AIDS 2013; 27:2863-72. [PMID: 25119689 DOI: 10.1097/01.aids.0000432471.84497.bc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE(S) We investigated the probability of transitioning in or out of the CD3⁺ T-cell homeostatic range during antiretroviral therapy, and we assessed the clinical impact of lost T-cell homeostasis (TCH) on AIDS-defining illnesses (ADIs) or death. DESIGN Within the Canadian Observational Cohort (CANOC), we studied 4463 antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive HIV-positive patients initiating combination ART (cART) between 2000 and 2010. METHODS CD3⁺ trajectories were estimated using a four state Markov model. CD3⁺ T-cel percentage states were classified as follows: very low (<50%), low (50-64%), normal (65-85%), and high (>85%). Covariates associated with transitioning between states were examined. The association between CD3⁺ T-cell percentage states and time to ADI/death from cART initiation was determined using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS A total of 4463 patients were followed for a median of 3 years. Two thousand, five hundred and eight (56%) patients never transitioned from their baseline CD3⁺ T-cell percentage state; 85% of these had normal TCH. In multivariable analysis, individuals with time-updated low CD4⁺ cell count, time-updated detectable viral load, older age, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection were less likely to maintain TCH. In the multivariable proportional hazards model, both very low and high CD3⁺ T-cell percentages were associated with increased risk of ADI/death [adjusted hazard ratio=1.91 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.27-2.89) and hazard ratio=1.49 (95% CI: 1.13-1.96), respectively]. CONCLUSION Patients with very low or high CD3⁺ T-cell percentages are at risk for ADIs/death. To our knowledge, this is the first study linking altered TCH and morbidity/mortality in cART-treated HIV-positive patients.
Collapse
|
37
|
Su YJ, Cheng TT, Chen CJ, Chiu WC, Hsu CY, Chang WN, Tsai NW, Kung CT, Wang HC, Lin WC, Huang CC, Chang YT, Su CM, Chiang YF, Cheng BC, Lin YJ, Lu CH. The association among leukocyte apoptosis, autoantibodies and disease severity in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Transl Med 2013; 11:261. [PMID: 24138706 PMCID: PMC3853096 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Both apoptosis and autoantibodies are important factors associated with disease activity in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study tested the hypothesis that increased leukocyte apoptosis is associated with elevated levels of autoantibodies and the disease activity of SLE. Methods Leukocyte apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, including annexin V, APO2.7, and 7-amino-actinomycin D (7-AAD) on each subtype of leukocyte in 23 patients with SLE. Leukocyte apoptosis was also evaluated in nine patients with Sjogren’s syndrome (SJS) and in 20 volunteer subjects. Titers of common autoantibodies and the disease activity index (SLEDAI-2 k) of the SLE patients were also determined. Results Except for annexin V and APO 2.7 of monocytes and late apoptosis (annexin V + 7-ADD) of lymphocytes, apoptosis in the total and in subsets of leukocytes were significantly higher in SLE patients than in controls (all p < 0.05, post hoc analysis). The mean percentage of late apoptosis of leukocytes (annexin V + 7-AAD) positively correlated with levels of anti-Ro52/60 (r = 0.513, p < 0.01), anti-La (r = 0.439, p = 0.04), and anti-Mi-2 (r = 0.492, p = 0.02), and inversely correlated with both C3 and C4 levels, although not statistically significant. The percentage of APO2.7 of CD19+ cells positively correlated with SLEDAI-2 K score (p = 0.01). Conclusions Leukocyte apoptosis is significantly higher in patients with SLE and correlates well with the levels of several autoantibodies. The APO2.7 of B-lymphocyte (CD19+) cells positively correlates with the disease activity of SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cheng-Hsien Lu
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 123, Ta Pei Road, Niao Sung Hsiang, Kaohsiung Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Peng H, Wang W, Zhou M, Li R, Pan HF, Ye DQ. Role of interleukin-10 and interleukin-10 receptor in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2013; 32:1255-66. [PMID: 23708831 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-013-2294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease characterized by excessive production of a variety of autoantibodies, accumulation of immune complexes, and multiple organ systems involvement. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has an important role in the growth, survival, differentiation, and function of B cells. Abnormally increased IL-10 synthesis seems contributing to the spontaneous hyperactivity of the B cell compartment, so that it can directly result in autoantibody production by committed plasma cells, circulating immune complexes formation, and eventually in tissue and organ damage, suggesting it might associate with the development of SLE. A better understanding of the regulation of IL-10 and its receptors (IL-10R) can likely provide more valuable clues to the pathogenic mechanisms underlying specific forms of SLE, so as to pave the way toward more effective therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lu MC, Lai NS, Chen HC, Yu HC, Huang KY, Tung CH, Huang HB, Yu CL. Decreased microRNA(miR)-145 and increased miR-224 expression in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus involved in lupus immunopathogenesis. Clin Exp Immunol 2013. [PMID: 23199328 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04676.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with abnormal T cell immune responses. We hypothesized that aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in T cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE. First, we analysed the expression profiles of 270 human miRNAs in T cells from five SLE patients and five healthy controls and then validated those potentially aberrant-expressed miRNAs using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then, the expression of mRNAs regulated by these aberrant-expressed miRNAs was detected using real-time PCR. Finally, miRNA transfection into Jurkat T cells was conducted for confirming further the biological functions of these miRNAs. The initial analysis indicated that seven miRNAs, including miR-145, miR-224, miR-513-5p, miR-150, miR-516a-5p, miR-483-5p and miR-629, were found to be potentially abnormally expressed in SLE T cells. After validation, under-expressed miR-145 and over-expressed miR-224 were noted. We further found that STAT1 mRNA targeted by miR-145 was over-expressed and apoptosis inhibitory protein 5 (API5) mRNA targeted by miR-224 was under-expressed in SLE T cells. Transfection of Jurkat cells with miR-145 suppressed STAT1 and miR-224 transfection suppressed API5 protein expression. Over-expression of miR-224 facilitates activation-induced cell death in Jurkat cells. In the clinical setting, the increased transcript levels of STAT1 were associated significantly with lupus nephritis. In conclusion, we first demonstrated that miR-145 and miR-224 were expressed aberrantly in SLE T cells that modulated the protein expression of their target genes, STAT1 and API5, respectively. These miRNA aberrations accelerated T cell activation-induced cell death by suppressing API5 expression and associated with lupus nephritis by enhancing signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT)-1 expression in patients with SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M-C Lu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Shah D, Sah S, Nath SK. Interaction between glutathione and apoptosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Autoimmun Rev 2012; 12:741-51. [PMID: 23279845 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by imbalance redox state and increased apoptosis. The activation, proliferation and cell death of lymphocytes are dependent on intracellular levels of glutathione and controlled production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Changes in the intracellular redox environment of cells, through oxygen-derived free radical production known as oxidative stress, have been reported to be critical for cellular immune dysfunction, activation of apoptotic enzymes and apoptosis. The shift in the cellular GSH-to-GSSG redox balance in favor of the oxidized species, GSSG, constitutes an important signal that can decide the fate of the abnormal apoptosis in the disease. The current review will focus on four main areas: (1) general description of oxidative stress markers in SLE, (2) alteration of redox state and complication of disease, (3) role of redox mechanisms in the initiation and execution phases of apoptosis, and (4) intracellular glutathione and its checkpoints with lymphocyte apoptosis which represent novel targets for pharmacological intervention in SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Shah
- Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
IL-7 plays many essential roles in human health and disease. Congenital deficiencies in IL-7 signaling result in profound immunodeficiency, polymorphisms in IL7Rα modulate susceptibility to autoimmune disease, and acquired somatic activating mutations in IL7Rα contribute to neoplastic transformation in B cell and T cell leukemia. In response to lymphopenia, IL-7 accumulates to supranormal levels, which alters T cell homeostasis by augmenting T cell reactivity toward self and cognate antigens. This physiologic response is now routinely exploited to improve the efficacy of adoptive cell therapies for cancer. Clinical trials of recombinant IL-7 have demonstrated safety and potent immunorestorative effects, and current studies are investigating whether rhIL-7 therapy can improve outcomes in chronic viral infection and in the context of cancer immunotherapies. Building upon the large fund of knowledge regarding the basic biology of IL-7, this review will discuss the many and varied roles of IL-7 in human health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wangko Lundström
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Grammatikos AP, Tsokos GC. Immunodeficiency and autoimmunity: lessons from systemic lupus erythematosus. Trends Mol Med 2011; 18:101-8. [PMID: 22177735 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that systemic autoimmunity and immunodeficiency are not separate entities, but rather are interconnected processes. Immunodeficiency results from distinct defects of the immune response and primarily presents as infections but also frequently with autoimmune features. Systemic autoimmunity is the combined effect of multiple genetic variations and infectious and immunoregulatory factors that result in dominant autoimmune manifestations, in addition to frequent and opportunistic infections. The overlap in disease manifestations and symptoms suggests that immunodeficiency should be considered in the presence of autoimmunity, and vice versa. In this review, we present the shared or similar aspects of immunodeficiency and autoimmunity using systemic lupus erythematosus as a paradigm and discuss the implications for clinical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros P Grammatikos
- Division of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Catalá-Rabasa A, Ndagire D, Sabio JM, Fedetz M, Matesanz F, Alcina A. High ACSL5 transcript levels associate with systemic lupus erythematosus and apoptosis in Jurkat T lymphocytes and peripheral blood cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28591. [PMID: 22163040 PMCID: PMC3232234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypical autoimmune disease in which increased apoptosis and decreased apoptotic cells removal has been described as most relevant in the pathogenesis. Long-chain acyl-coenzyme A synthetases (ACSLs) have been involved in the immunological dysfunction of mouse models of lupus-like autoimmunity and apoptosis in different in vitro cell systems. The aim of this work was to assess among the ACSL isoforms the involvement of ACSL2, ACSL4 and ACSL5 in SLE pathogenesis. FINDINGS With this end, we determined the ACSL2, ACSL4 and ACSL5 transcript levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 45 SLE patients and 49 healthy controls by quantitative real time-PCR (q-PCR). We found that patients with SLE had higher ACSL5 transcript levels than healthy controls [median (range), healthy controls = 16.5 (12.3-18.0) vs. SLE = 26.5 (17.8-41.7), P = 3.9×10 E-5] but no differences were found for ACSL2 and ACSL4. In in vitro experiments, ACSL5 mRNA expression was greatly increased when inducing apoptosis in Jurkat T cells and PBMCs by Phorbol-Myristate-Acetate plus Ionomycin (PMA+Io). On the other hand, short interference RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of ACSL5 decreased induced apoptosis in Jurkat T cells up to the control levels as well as decreased mRNA expression of FAS, FASLG and TNF. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that ACSL5 may play a role in the apoptosis that takes place in SLE. Our results point to ACSL5 as a potential novel functional marker of pathogenesis and a possible therapeutic target in SLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Catalá-Rabasa
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Instituto de Parasitología y Biomedicina López Neyra-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chen W, Lin J. Lymphopenia relating to T-lymphocyte apoptosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2011; 30:1515-6. [PMID: 21927798 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-011-1852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
45
|
Ponchel F, Cuthbert RJ, Goëb V. IL-7 and lymphopenia. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 412:7-16. [PMID: 20850425 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2010.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2010] [Revised: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is a growth and anti-apoptotic factor for T-lymphocytes, with potential for clinical use in the treatment of immunodeficiencies due to loss of T-cells. Lymphopenia induced by disease (HIV infection, hemodialysis or Idiopathic CD4+ lymphopenia) or by treatment (high dose chemotherapy or depleting antibodies) for cancer or auto-immune diseases results in increased circulating levels of IL-7 which decline with T-cell recovery, however, the mechanism of such response remains to be elucidated. Furthermore, IL-7 is a major player in the regulation of peripheral T-cell homeostasis and as such is an important candidate cytokine for therapy aimed at improving T-cell reconstitution following lymphopenia. Anti- IL-7 is on the other hand proposed to treat conditions where IL-7 may play a more direct role in pathogenesis such as autoimmune disease like Rheumatoid Arthritis, Multiple Sclerosis or Inflammatory Bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederique Ponchel
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, Section of Musculoskeletal disease, the University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ka SM, Kuo YC, Ho PJ, Tsai PY, Hsu YJ, Tsai WJ, Lin YL, Shen CC, Chen A. (S)-armepavine from Chinese medicine improves experimental autoimmune crescentic glomerulonephritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2010; 49:1840-51. [PMID: 20551296 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intra-renal T cells and macrophages play a key pathogenic role in the development and progression of glomerular crescents. We aimed to establish (S)-armepavine [(S)-ARM], a major bioactive compound of a Chinese medicinal plant, Nelumbo nucifera, as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of autoimmune crescentic glomerulonephritis (ACGN). METHODS A mouse ACGN model associated with T-cell dysregulation, was used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of (S)-ARM on the rapidly progressive glomerular disorder. RESULTS The results showed that (S)-ARM administered in the established phase of ACGN is capable of dramatically decreasing glomerular crescents in the kidney and improving proteinuria and renal dysfunction. These effects were associated with greatly inhibited infiltration of T cells/macrophages and suppressed nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in the kidney, lowered serum levels of autoantibodies and both serum and intra-renal levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, suppressed T/B-cell activation and T-cell proliferation of the spleen, reduced glomerular immune deposits and apoptosis in both the spleen and kidney in (S)-ARM-treated ACGN mice, compared with the vehicle-treated (disease control) group of ACGN mice. CONCLUSION We demonstrated therapeutic effects of (S)-ARM on ACGN as a result of: (i) early systemic negative modulation of T/B cells; (ii) intra-renal regulation of combined NF-κB activation and mononuclear leucocytic infiltration, thereby preventing glomerular crescent formation; and (iii) protection from apoptosis in both the spleen and kidney.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuk-Man Ka
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jury EC, Flores-Borja F, Kalsi HS, Lazarus M, Isenberg DA, Mauri C, Ehrenstein MR. Abnormal CTLA-4 function in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Immunol 2010; 40:569-78. [PMID: 19950182 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200939781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CTLA-4 is a critical gatekeeper of T-cell activation and immunological tolerance and has been implicated in patients with a variety of autoimmune diseases through genetic association. Since T cells from patients with the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) display a characteristic hyperactive phenotype, we investigated the function of CTLA-4 in SLE. Our results reveal increased CTLA-4 expression in FOXP3(-) responder T cells from patients with SLE compared with other autoimmune rheumatic diseases and healthy controls. However, CTLA-4 was unable to regulate T-cell proliferation, lipid microdomain formation and phosphorylation of TCR-zeta following CD3/CD28 co-stimulation, in contrast to healthy T cells. Although lupus T cells responded in vitro to CD3/CD28 co-stimulation, there was no parallel increase in CTLA-4 expression, which would normally provide a break on T-cell proliferation. These defects were associated with exclusion of CTLA-4 from lipid microdomains providing an anatomical basis for its loss of function. Collectively our data identify CTLA-4 dysfunction as a potential cause for abnormal T-cell activation in patients with SLE, which could be targeted for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Jury
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Rheumatology, University College London, London, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|