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Wirestam L, Enocsson H, Skogh T, Padyukov L, Jönsen A, Urowitz MB, Gladman DD, Romero-Diaz J, Bae SC, Fortin PR, Sanchez-Guerrero J, Clarke AE, Bernatsky S, Gordon C, Hanly JG, Wallace D, Isenberg DA, Rahman A, Merrill J, Ginzler E, Alarcón GS, Chatham WW, Petri M, Khamashta M, Aranow C, Mackay M, Dooley MA, Manzi S, Ramsey-Goldman R, Nived O, Steinsson K, Zoma A, Ruiz-Irastorza G, Lim S, Kalunian K, Inanc M, van Vollenhoven R, Ramos-Casals M, Kamen DL, Jacobsen S, Peschken C, Askanase A, Stoll T, Bruce IN, Wetterö J, Sjöwall C. Osteopontin and Disease Activity in Patients with Recent-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results from the SLICC Inception Cohort. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:492-500. [PMID: 30647177 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.180713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In cross-sectional studies, elevated osteopontin (OPN) levels have been proposed to reflect, and/or precede, progressive organ damage and disease severity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We aimed, in a cohort of patients with recent-onset SLE, to determine whether raised serum OPN levels precede damage and/or are associated with disease activity or certain disease phenotypes. METHODS We included 344 patients from the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) Inception Cohort who had 5 years of followup data available. All patients fulfilled the 1997 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. Baseline sera from patients and from age- and sex-matched population-based controls were analyzed for OPN using ELISA. Disease activity and damage were assessed at each annual followup visit using the SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) and the SLICC/ACR damage index (SDI), respectively. RESULTS Compared to controls, baseline OPN was raised 4-fold in SLE cases (p < 0.0001). After relevant adjustments in a binary logistic regression model, OPN levels failed to significantly predict global damage accrual defined as SDI ≥ 1 at 5 years. However, baseline OPN correlated with SLEDAI-2K at enrollment into the cohort (r = 0.27, p < 0.0001), and patients with high disease activity (SLEDAI-2K ≥ 5) had raised serum OPN (p < 0.0001). In addition, higher OPN levels were found in patients with persistent disease activity (p = 0.0006), in cases with renal involvement (p < 0.0001) and impaired estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION The performance of OPN to predict development of organ damage was not impressive. However, OPN associated significantly with lupus nephritis and with raised disease activity at enrollment, as well as over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wirestam
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland. .,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University.
| | - Helena Enocsson
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Thomas Skogh
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Leonid Padyukov
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Andreas Jönsen
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Murray B Urowitz
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Juanita Romero-Diaz
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Sang-Cheol Bae
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Paul R Fortin
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Jorge Sanchez-Guerrero
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Ann E Clarke
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Sasha Bernatsky
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Caroline Gordon
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - John G Hanly
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Daniel Wallace
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - David A Isenberg
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Anisur Rahman
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Joan Merrill
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Ellen Ginzler
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Graciela S Alarcón
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - W Winn Chatham
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Michelle Petri
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Munther Khamashta
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Cynthia Aranow
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Meggan Mackay
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Mary Anne Dooley
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Susan Manzi
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Ola Nived
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Kristjan Steinsson
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Asad Zoma
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Sam Lim
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Ken Kalunian
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Murat Inanc
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Ronald van Vollenhoven
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Manuel Ramos-Casals
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Diane L Kamen
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Søren Jacobsen
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Christine Peschken
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Anca Askanase
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Thomas Stoll
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Ian N Bruce
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Jonas Wetterö
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
| | - Christopher Sjöwall
- From the Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping; Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm; Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Lund; Unit for Clinical Therapy Research (ClinTRID), Karolinska University, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Division of Rheumatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine - University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia; Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul, Korea; Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham; Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College, London; Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine, London; Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital, East Kilbride, Scotland; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York; Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama; Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York; Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California; Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital, Reyjkavik, Iceland; Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country, Barakaldo; Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital, Schaffhausen, Switzerland.,L. Wirestam, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; H. Enocsson, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; T. Skogh, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; L. Padyukov, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, Unit of Rheumatology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital; A. Jönsen, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; J. Romero-Diaz, MD, MSc, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición; S.C. Bae, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases; P.R. Fortin, MD, MPH, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, CHU de Québec - Université Laval; J. Sanchez-Guerrero, MD, MSc, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital and University of Toronto; A.E. Clarke, MD, MSc, Division of Rheumatology, Cumming School of Medicine-University of Calgary; S. Bernatsky, MD, PhD, FRCPC, Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre; C. Gordon, MD, Rheumatology Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham; J.G. Hanly, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine and Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre and Dalhousie University; D. Wallace, MD, Cedars-Sinai/David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles; D.A. Isenberg, MD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; A. Rahman, MD, PhD, Centre for Rheumatology Research, University College London; J. Merrill, MD, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; E. Ginzler, MD, PhD, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center; G.S. Alarcón, MD, MPH, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; W.W. Chatham, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham; M. Petri, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; M. Khamashta, MD, Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, King's College London School of Medicine; C. Aranow, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M. Mackay, MD, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research; M.A. Dooley, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina; S. Manzi, MD, MPH, Autoimmunity Institute, Allegheny Health Network; R. Ramsey-Goldman, MD, DrPH, Northwestern University and Feinberg School of Medicine; O. Nived, MD, PhD, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University; K. Steinsson, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Center for Rheumatology Research Fossvogur Landspitali University Hospital; A. Zoma, MD, Lanarkshire Centre for Rheumatology, Hairmyres Hospital; G. Ruiz-Irastorza, MD, Autoimmune Disease Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario Cruces, BioCruces Health Research Institute, University of the Basque Country; S. Lim, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Emory University School of Medicine; K. Kalunian, MD, University of California San Diego School of Medicine; M. Inanc, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University; R. van Vollenhoven, MD, ClinTRID, Karolinska University; M. Ramos-Casals, MD, Josep Font Autoimmune Diseases Laboratory, IDIBAPS, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic; D.L. Kamen, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina; S. Jacobsen, MD, DMSc, Copenhagen Lupus and Vasculitis Clinic, Centre for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital; C. Peschken, MD, FRCPC, Associate Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba; A. Askanase, MD, MPH, Division of Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center; T. Stoll, MD, Department of Rheumatology, Kantousspital; I.N. Bruce, MD, Arthritis Research UK Centre for Epidemiology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester and NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Foundation Trust; J. Wetterö, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University; C. Sjöwall, MD, PhD, Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University
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