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Natsir Kalla DS, Alkaabi SA, Hendra FN, Nasrun NE, Ruslin M, Forouzanfar T, Helder MN. Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering for Cleft Defects: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024; 61:1439-1460. [PMID: 37203174 PMCID: PMC11323438 DOI: 10.1177/10556656231175278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of stem cell-based tissue engineering for the treatment of alveolar cleft (AC) and cleft palate (CP) defects in animal models. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Preclinical studies on alveolar cleft repair in maxillofacial practice. Electronic search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Pre-clinical studies, where stem cell-based tissue engineering was used in the reconstruction of AC and CP in animal models were included. Quality of the selected articles was evaluated using SYRCLE (SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation). Review of alveolar cleft bone augmentation interventions in preclinical models. Outcome parameters registered were new bone formation (NBF) and/or bone mineral density (BMD). Thirteen large and twelve small animal studies on AC (21) and CP (4) reconstructions were included. Studies had an unclear-to-high risk of bias. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were the most widely used cell source. Meta-analyses for AC indicated non-significant benefits in favor of: (1) scaffold + cells over scaffold-only (NBF P = .13); and (2) scaffold + cells over empty control (NBF P = .66; BMD P = .31). Interestingly, dog studies using regenerative grafts showed similar to superior bone formation compared to autografts. Meta analysis for the CP group was not possible. AC and CP reconstructions are enhanced by addition of osteogenic cells to biomaterials. Directions and estimates of treatment effect are useful to predict therapeutic efficacy and guide future clinical trials of bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra S. Natsir Kalla
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Salem A. Alkaabi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fujairah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Fujairah, UAE
| | - Faqi N. Hendra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Nisrina E. Nasrun
- Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Department of Human Biology and Pathophysiology, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Muhammad Ruslin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Tymour Forouzanfar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marco N. Helder
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Zhao JZ, Ge YY, Xue LF, Xu YX, Yue J, Li C, Xiao WL. CA1 Modulates the Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Follicle Stem Cells by Activating the BMP Signaling Pathway In Vitro. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:855-865. [PMID: 38652220 PMCID: PMC11286914 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00642-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) has been found to be involved in osteogenesis and osteoclast in various human diseases, but the molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. In this study, we aim to use siRNA and lentivirus to reduce or increase the expression of CA1 in Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs), in order to further elucidate the role and mechanism of CA1 in osteogenesis, and provide better osteogenic growth factors and stem cell selection for the application of bone tissue engineering in alveolar bone fracture transplantation. METHODS The study used RNA interference and lentiviral vectors to manipulate the expression of the CA1 gene in DFSCs during in vitro osteogenic induction. The expression of osteogenic marker genes was evaluated and changes in CA1, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP2) were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB). The osteogenic effect was assessed through Alizarin Red staining. RESULTS The mRNA and protein expression levels of CA1, ALP, RUNX2, and BMP2 decreased distinctly in the si-CA1 group than other groups (p < 0.05). In the Lentivirus-CA1 (LV-CA1) group, the mRNA and protein expressions of CA1, ALP, RUNX2, and BMP2 were amplified to varying degrees than other groups (p < 0.05). Apart from CA1, BMP2 (43.01%) and ALP (36.69%) showed significant upregulation (p < 0.05). Alizarin red staining indicated that the LV-CA1 group produced more calcified nodules than other groups, with a higher optical density (p < 0.05), and the osteogenic effect was superior. CONCLUSIONS CA1 can impact osteogenic differentiation via BMP related signaling pathways, positioning itself upstream in osteogenic signaling pathways, and closely linked to osteoblast calcification and ossification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ze Zhao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Ying-Ying Ge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Ling-Fa Xue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Yao-Xiang Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Jin Yue
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China
| | - Wen-Lin Xiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266023, China.
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3
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Augustine R, Gezek M, Nikolopoulos VK, Buck PL, Bostanci NS, Camci-Unal G. Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Engineering: Progress, Promises and Challenges. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10738-y. [PMID: 39028416 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Bone defects from accidents, congenital conditions, and age-related diseases significantly impact quality of life. Recent advancements in bone tissue engineering (TE) involve biomaterial scaffolds, patient-derived cells, and bioactive agents, enabling functional bone regeneration. Stem cells, obtained from numerous sources including umbilical cord blood, adipose tissue, bone marrow, and dental pulp, hold immense potential in bone TE. Induced pluripotent stem cells and genetically modified stem cells can also be used. Proper manipulation of physical, chemical, and biological stimulation is crucial for their proliferation, maintenance, and differentiation. Stem cells contribute to osteogenesis, osteoinduction, angiogenesis, and mineralization, essential for bone regeneration. This review provides an overview of the latest developments in stem cell-based TE for repairing and regenerating defective bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Augustine
- Department of Radiology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Mert Gezek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | | | - Paige Lauren Buck
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Nazli Seray Bostanci
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
- Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Gulden Camci-Unal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA.
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
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Sun L, Xiao M, Chen L, Ni L, Chen X, Zhang L, Yao J, Shao Z, Zhao B, Chen X, Liu Y. Enhanced Tissue Regeneration Through Immunomodulatory Extracellular Vesicles Encapsulated in Diversified Silk-Based Injectable Hydrogels. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401460. [PMID: 39011805 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) immunologically trained using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) display enhanced immunomodulatory capabilities. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from MSCs are widely used in regenerative medicine owing to their bioactive properties without the drawbacks of cell therapy. However, it remains unclear whether EVs derived from LPS-stimulated (trained) MSCs (L-EVs) inherit the enhanced reparative potential from their parent cells. Thus, this study first aims to explore the effect of immunological training on the bioactivity of L-EVs. LPS-trained bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) secrete more EVs, and these EVs significantly promote M2 macrophage polarization. Subsequently, hydrogel systems based on thixotropic injectable silk fibroin are prepared for in vivo EV delivery. These hydrogels have controllable gelation time and exhibit outstanding reparative effects on rat skin wounds and alveolar bone defects. Finally, it is revealed that L-EVs promote M2 macrophage polarization by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of PKM2. Overall, this study shows that the immunological training of BMSCs effectively improves the therapeutic effects of their EVs and provides a convenient and diversified EV delivery strategy using an injectable silk fibroin hydrogel. This strategy has broad clinical application prospects for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyan Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, Department of Macromolecular Science, Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Menglin Xiao
- Department of Orthodontics, Department of Macromolecular Science, Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Department of Macromolecular Science, Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lingyue Ni
- Department of Orthodontics, Department of Macromolecular Science, Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Department of Macromolecular Science, Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jinrong Yao
- Department of Orthodontics, Department of Macromolecular Science, Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhengzhong Shao
- Department of Orthodontics, Department of Macromolecular Science, Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Bingjiao Zhao
- Department of Orthodontics, Department of Macromolecular Science, Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Department of Macromolecular Science, Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuehua Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Department of Macromolecular Science, Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China
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Nugraha AP, Narmada IB, Winoto ER, Ardani IGAW, Triwardhani A, Alida A, Pramusita A, Nur RM, Indrastie N, Nam HY, Ihsan IS, Riawan W, Rantam FA, Nugraha AP, Noor TNEBTA. Gingiva Mesenchymal Stem Cells Normoxic or Hypoxic Preconditioned Application Under Orthodontic Mechanical Force on Osterix, Osteopontin, and ALP Expression. Eur J Dent 2024; 18:501-509. [PMID: 37995729 PMCID: PMC11132784 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1772699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this article was to investigate Osterix, ALP, and osteopontin expression in the compression and tension sides of alveolar bone after the application of normoxic/hypoxic-preconditioned GMSCs in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) induced with OMF. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-eight healthy, young male rabbits were divided into four groups: [-] OMF; [+] OMF; OMF with GMSCs normoxic-preconditioned; and OMF and GMSCs hypoxic-preconditioned. The central incisor and left mandibular molar in the experimental animals were moved, the mandibular first molar was moved mesially using nickel titanium (NiTi) and stainless steel ligature wire connected to a 50 g/mm2 light force closed coil spring. Allogeneic application of normoxic or hypoxic-preconditioned GMSCs was used in as many as 106 cells in a 20 µL phosphate buffered saline single dose and injected into experimental animals' gingiva after 1 day of OTM. On days 7, 14, and 28, all experimental animals were euthanized. Osterix, ALP, and osteopontin expressions were examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Osterix, ALP, and osteopontin expressions were significantly different after allogeneic application of hypoxic-preconditioned GMSCs than normoxic-preconditioned GMSCs in the tension and compression of the alveolar bone side during OMF (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Osterix, ALP, and osteopontin expressions were significantly more enhanced post-transplantation of GMSCs with hypoxic-preconditioning than after transplantation of normoxic-preconditioned GMSCs in rabbits (O. cuniculus) induced with OMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Patera Nugraha
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ida Bagus Narmada
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ervina Restiwulan Winoto
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Ari Triwardhani
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Alida Alida
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Adya Pramusita
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Reyhan Mahendra Nur
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Nuraini Indrastie
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Hui Yin Nam
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery (NOCERAL), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Igo Syaiful Ihsan
- Stem Cell Research and Development Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Wibi Riawan
- Biomolecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Fedik Abdul Rantam
- Laboratory of Immunology and Virology Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Tengku Natasha Eleena binti Tengku Ahmad Noor
- Membership of Faculty of Dental Surgery, Royal Collage of Surgeon, Edinburgh University, United Kingdom
- Malaysian Armed Forces Dental Officer, 609 Armed Forces Dental Clinic, Kem Semenggo, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Sharif H, Ziaei H, Rezaei N. Stem Cell-Based Regenerative Approaches for the Treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate: A Comprehensive Review. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:637-655. [PMID: 38270744 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) is a prevalent congenital craniofacial abnormality that can lead to difficulties in eating, speaking, hearing, and psychological distress. The traditional approach for treating CLP involves bone graft surgery, which has limitations, post-surgical complications, and donor site morbidity. However, regenerative medicine has emerged as a promising alternative, employing a combination of stem cells, growth factors, and scaffolds to promote tissue regeneration. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of stem cell-based regenerative approaches in the management of CLP. A thorough search was conducted in the Medline/PubMed and Scopus databases, including cohort studies, randomized controlled trials, case series, case controls, case reports, and animal studies. The identified studies were categorized into two main groups: clinical studies involving human subjects and in vivo studies using animal models. While there are only a limited number of studies investigating the combined use of stem cells and scaffolds for CLP treatment, they have shown promising results. Various types of stem cells have been utilized in conjunction with scaffolds. Importantly, regenerative methods have been successfully applied to patients across a broad range of age groups. The collective findings derived from the reviewed studies consistently support the notion that regenerative medicine holds potential advantages over conventional bone grafting and represents a promising therapeutic option for CLP. However, future well-designed clinical trials, encompassing diverse combinations of stem cells and scaffolds, are warranted to establish the clinical efficacy of these interventions with a larger number of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helia Sharif
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Dental Society, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Heliya Ziaei
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, US
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Children's Medical Center Hospital, Dr. Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, 14194, Iran.
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Stanton E, Feng J, Kondra K, Sanchez J, Jimenez C, Brown KS, Skiles ML, Urata MM, Chai Y, Hammoudeh JA. A Calvarial Defect Model to Investigate the Osteogenic Potential of Umbilical Cord Stem Cells in Bone Regeneration. Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 153:637-646. [PMID: 37224290 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000010754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standard graft material for alveolar cleft repair (ACR) is autogenous iliac crest. A promising alternative potential graft adjunct-newborn human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (h-UCMSCs)-has yet to be explored in vivo. Their capacity for self-renewal, multipotent differentiation, and proliferation allows h-UCMSCs to be harnessed for regenerative medicine. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of using tissue-derived h-UCMSCs and their osteogenic capabilities to improve ACR in a murine model. METHODS Foxn1 mice were separated into three groups with the following calvarial defects: no treatment (empty defect; n = 6), poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) scaffold ( n = 6), or h-UCMSCs with PLGA ( n = 4). Bilateral 2-mm-diameter parietal bone critical-sized defects were created using a dental drill. Microcomputed tomography (microCT) imaging was performed 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks postoperatively. The mice were euthanized 4 weeks postoperatively for RNAScope, immunohistochemical, and histological analysis. RESULTS No mice experienced complications during the follow-up period. MicroCT imaging and histological analysis demonstrated that the no-treatment and PLGA-only defects remained patent without significant defect size differences across groups. In contrast, the h-UCMSCs with PLGA group had significantly greater bone fill on microCT and histological analysis. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates a successful calvarial defect model for the investigation of h-UCMSC-mediated osteogenesis and bone repair. Evidence reveals that PLGA alone has neither short-term effects on bone formation nor any unwanted side effects, making it an attractive scaffold. Further investigation using h-UCMSCs with PLGA in larger animals is warranted to advance future translation to patients requiring ACR. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT The authors' results demonstrate a successful murine calvarial defect model for the investigation of h-UCMSC-mediated osteogenesis and bone repair, and they provide preliminary evidence for the safe and efficacious use of this graft adjunct in alveolar cleft repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise Stanton
- From the Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology
- Keck School of Medicine
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles
| | - Jifan Feng
- From the Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology
| | - Katelyn Kondra
- Keck School of Medicine
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles
| | | | - Christian Jimenez
- Keck School of Medicine
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles
| | - Katherine S Brown
- Research and Development, CBR Systems, Inc., a CooperSurgical Company
| | - Matthew L Skiles
- Research and Development, CBR Systems, Inc., a CooperSurgical Company
| | - Mark M Urata
- From the Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology
- Keck School of Medicine
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles
| | - Yang Chai
- From the Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California
| | - Jeffrey A Hammoudeh
- Keck School of Medicine
- Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California
- Division of Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Children's Hospital Los Angeles
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8
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Chopra H, Cao C, Sommer C, Dahlkemper A, Sugai J, Sherley JL, Kaigler D. Quantification of the Culture Stability of Stem Cell Fractions from Oral-Derived, Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Preparations: A Significant Step toward the Clinical Translation of Cell Therapies. Cells 2023; 12:2703. [PMID: 38067131 PMCID: PMC10705797 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A continuing limitation and major challenge in the development and utilization of predictable stem cell therapies (SCTs) is the determination of the optimal dosages of stem cells. Herein, we report the quantification of stem cell fractions (SCF) of human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) preparations derived from oral tissues. A novel computational methodology, kinetic stem cell (KSC) counting, was used to quantify the SCF and specific cell culture kinetics of stem cells in oral alveolar bone-derived MSC (aBMSCs) from eight patients. These analyses established, for the first time, that the SCF within these heterogeneous, mixed-cell populations differs significantly among donors, ranging from 7% to 77% (ANOVA p < 0.0001). Both the initial SCF of aBMSC preparations and changes in the level of the SCF with serial culture over time showed a high degree of inter-donor variation. Hence, it was revealed that the stability of the SCF of human aBMSC preparations during serial cell culture shows inter-donor variation, with some patient preparations exhibiting sufficient stability to support the long-term net expansion of stem cells. These findings provide important insights for the clinical-scale expansion and biomanufacturing of MSCs, which can facilitate establishing more effective and predictable outcomes in clinical trials and treatments employing SCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Chopra
- Kaigler Lab of Stem Cell Science and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.C.); (C.C.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Chen Cao
- Kaigler Lab of Stem Cell Science and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.C.); (C.C.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Celia Sommer
- Kaigler Lab of Stem Cell Science and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.C.); (C.C.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (J.S.)
| | - Alex Dahlkemper
- Kaigler Lab of Stem Cell Science and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.C.); (C.C.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (J.S.)
| | - James Sugai
- Kaigler Lab of Stem Cell Science and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.C.); (C.C.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (J.S.)
| | | | - Darnell Kaigler
- Kaigler Lab of Stem Cell Science and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (H.C.); (C.C.); (C.S.); (A.D.); (J.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Ding L, Hao K, Sang L, Shen X, Zhang C, Fu D, Qi X. ATF2-driven osteogenic activity of enoxaparin sodium-loaded polymethylmethacrylate bone cement in femoral defect regeneration. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:646. [PMID: 37653390 PMCID: PMC10470168 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement loaded with enoxaparin sodium (PMMA@ES) has been increasingly highlighted to affect the bone repair of bone defects, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. We addressed this issue by identifying possible molecular mechanisms of PMMA@ES involved in femoral defect regeneration based on bioinformatics analysis and network pharmacology analysis. METHODS The upregulated genes affecting the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were selected through bioinformatics analysis, followed by intersection with the genes of ES-induced differentiation of BMSCs identified by network pharmacology analysis. PMMA@ES was constructed. Rat primary BMSCs were isolated and cultured in vitro in the proliferation medium (PM) and osteogenic medium (OM) to measure alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mineralization of the extracellular matrix, and the expression of RUNX2 and OCN using gain- or loss-of-function experiments. A rat femoral bone defect model was constructed to detect the new bone formation in rats. RESULTS ATF2 may be a key gene in differentiating BMSCs into osteoblasts. In vitro cell assays showed that PMMA@ES promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by increasing ALP activity, extracellular matrix mineralization, and RUNX2 and OCN expression in PM and OM. In addition, ATF2 activated the transcription of miR-335-5p to target ERK1/2 and downregulate the expression of ERK1/2. PMMA@ES induced femoral defect regeneration and the repair of femoral defects in rats by regulating the ATF2/miR-335-5p/ERK1/2 axis. CONCLUSION The evidence provided by our study highlighted the ATF2-mediated mechanism of PMMA@ES in the facilitation of the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and femoral defect regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luobin Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139, Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangning Hao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139, Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Linchao Sang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139, Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ce Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139, Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehao Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangbei Qi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 139, Ziqiang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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Shan S, Li Q, Criswell T, Atala A, Zhang Y. Stem cell therapy combined with controlled release of growth factors for the treatment of sphincter dysfunction. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:56. [PMID: 36927578 PMCID: PMC10018873 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphincter dysfunction often occurs at the end of tubule organs such as the urethra, anus, or gastroesophageal sphincters. It is the primary consequence of neuromuscular impairment caused by trauma, inflammation, and aging. Despite intensive efforts to recover sphincter function, pharmacological treatments have not achieved significant improvement. Cell- or growth factor-based therapy is a promising approach for neuromuscular regeneration and the recovery of sphincter function. However, a decrease in cell retention and viability, or the short half-life and rapid degradation of growth factors after implantation, remain obstacles to the translation of these therapies to the clinic. Natural biomaterials provide unique tools for controlled growth factor delivery, which leads to better outcomes for sphincter function recovery in vivo when stem cells and growth factors are co-administrated, in comparison to the delivery of single therapies. In this review, we discuss the role of stem cells combined with the controlled release of growth factors, the methods used for delivery, their potential therapeutic role in neuromuscular repair, and the outcomes of preclinical studies using combination therapy, with the hope of providing new therapeutic strategies to treat incontinence or sphincter dysfunction of the urethra, anus, or gastroesophageal tissues, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengzhou Shan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Tracy Criswell
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
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He L, Zhou Q, Zhang H, Zhao N, Liao L. PF127 Hydrogel-Based Delivery of Exosomal CTNNB1 from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induces Osteogenic Differentiation during the Repair of Alveolar Bone Defects. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1083. [PMID: 36985977 PMCID: PMC10058633 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pluronic F127 (PF127) hydrogel has been highlighted as a promising biomaterial for bone regeneration, but the specific molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. Herein, we addressed this issue in a temperature-responsive PF127 hydrogel loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-derived exosomes (Exos) (PF127 hydrogel@BMSC-Exos) during alveolar bone regeneration. Genes enriched in BMSC-Exos and upregulated during the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and their downstream regulators were predicted by bioinformatics analyses. CTNNB1 was predicted to be the key gene of BMSC-Exos in the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, during which miR-146a-5p, IRAK1, and TRAF6 might be the downstream factors. Osteogenic differentiation was induced in BMSCs, in which ectopic expression of CTNNB1 was introduced and from which Exos were isolated. The CTNNB1-enriched PF127 hydrogel@BMSC-Exos were constructed and implanted into in vivo rat models of alveolar bone defects. In vitro experiment data showed that PF127 hydrogel@BMSC-Exos efficiently delivered CTNNB1 to BMSCs, which subsequently promoted the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, as evidenced by enhanced ALP staining intensity and activity, extracellular matrix mineralization (p < 0.05), and upregulated RUNX2 and OCN expression (p < 0.05). Functional experiments were conducted to examine the relationships among CTNNB1, microRNA (miR)-146a-5p, and IRAK1 and TRAF6. Mechanistically, CTNNB1 activated miR-146a-5p transcription to downregulate IRAK1 and TRAF6 (p < 0.05), which induced the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and facilitated alveolar bone regeneration in rats (increased new bone formation and elevated BV/TV ratio and BMD, all with p < 0.05). Collectively, CTNNB1-containing PF127 hydrogel@BMSC-Exos promote the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by regulating the miR-146a-5p/IRAK1/TRAF6 axis, thus inducing the repair of alveolar bone defects in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longlong He
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
- Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
- Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Hengwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Ningbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
- Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Lifan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
- Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
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Zhang Y, Dai J, Fu X, Yang J, Fu Y, Li J. Real-Time Image-Guided Navigation in the Management of Alveolar Cleft Repair. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2023; 60:225-232. [PMID: 34787508 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211057744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To present the use of dynamic navigation system in the repair of alveolar cleft. Patients and Participants: A total of three non-syndromic patients with unilateral alveolar cleft were involved in this study. Real-time computer-aided navigation were used to achieve restoration and reconstruction with standardized surgical technique. Methods: With the individual virtual 3-dimensional (3-D) modeling based on computed tomography (CT) data, preoperative planning and surgical simulation were carried out with the navigation system. During preoperative virtual planning, the defect volume or the quantity of graft is directly assessed at the surgical region. With the use of this system, the gingival periosteum flap incision can be tracked in real-time, and the bone graft can be navigated under the guidance of the 3-D views until it matches the preoperatively planned position. Results: Three patients with alveolar cleft were successfully performed under navigation guidance. Through the model alignment procedure, accurate matches between the actual intraoperative position and the CT images were achieved within the systematic error of 0.3 mm. The grafted bone was implanted according to the preoperative plan with the aid of instrument- and probe-based navigation. All the patients were healed well without serious complications. Conclusions: These findings suggest that image-guided surgical navigation, including preoperative planning, surgical simulation, postoperative assessment, and computer-assisted navigation was feasible and yielded good clinical outcomes. Clinical relevance: This dynamic navigation could be proved to be a valuable option for this complicated surgical procedure in the management of alveolar cleft repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiawei Dai
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiazhou Fu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiegang Yang
- The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuchuan Fu
- The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Li
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, 12390Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Combining Bone Collagen Matrix with hUC-MSCs for Application to Alveolar Process Cleft in a Rabbit Model. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:133-154. [PMID: 34420159 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10221-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most materials used clinically for filling severe bone defects either cannot induce bone re-generation or exhibit low bone conversion, therefore, their therapeutic effects are limited. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) exhibit good osteoinduction. However, the mechanism by which combining a heterogeneous bone collagen matrix with hUC-MSCs to repair the bone defects of alveolar process clefts remains unclear. METHODS A rabbit alveolar process cleft model was established by removing the bone tissue from the left maxillary bone. Forty-eight young Japanese white rabbits (JWRs) were divided into normal, control, material and MSCs groups. An equal volume of a bone collagen matrix alone or combined with hUC-MSCs was implanted in the defect. X-ray, micro-focus computerized tomography (micro-CT), blood analysis, histochemical staining and TUNEL were used to detect the newly formed bone in the defect area at 3 and 6 months after the surgery. RESULTS The bone formation rate obtained from the skull tissue in MSCs group was significantly higher than that in control group at 3 months (P < 0.01) and 6 months (P < 0.05) after the surgery. The apoptosis rate in the MSCs group was significantly higher at 3 months after the surgery (P < 0.05) and lower at 6 months after the surgery (P < 0.01) than those in the normal group. CONCLUSIONS Combining bone collagen matrix with hUC-MSCs promoted the new bone regeneration in the rabbit alveolar process cleft model through promoting osteoblasts formations and chondrocyte growth, and inducing type I collagen formation and BMP-2 generation.
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Effects of Puerarin Combined with PLGA/TCP/Puerarin on Osteocalcin and Sialoprotein of Mandibular Defects. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:5177419. [PMID: 36128172 PMCID: PMC9470327 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5177419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In order to evaluate the effects of puerarin combined with poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)/tricalcium phosphate (TCP)/puerarin on osteocalcin and sialoprotein of mandibular defects, the obtained rat jaw cells are analyzed. The surface morphology of osteoblast complex in the scaffold material group and puerarin combined scaffold material group is observed by a scanning electron microscope, and the growth and proliferation of osteoblasts are detected by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method. Besides, the expression of type-I collagen (COL-I), osteocalcin (OC), and osteopontin (OPN) mRNA and related proteins in osteoblasts are detected by immunocytochemical staining. The results of immunocytochemical staining show that puerarin and PLGA/TCP/puerarin scaffold had significant effects on the expression of COL-I and OC mRNA and related proteins in osteoblasts. The experimental results indicate that puerarin and PLGA/TCP/puerarin can synergistically affect the mRNA and protein expressions of COL-I, OC, and OPN in osteoblasts and have a positive effect on promoting the proliferation activity of osteoblasts.
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Almotawah FN, AlNamasy R, Alhamazani B, Almohsen S, AlNamasy RE. Alveolar Reconstruction Using Stem Cells in Patients with Cleft Lip and Palate: A Systematic Review. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/iobhdehrqo] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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From Blood to Bone-The Osteogenic Activity of L-PRF Membranes on the Ex Vivo Embryonic Chick Femur Development Model. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14247830. [PMID: 34947427 PMCID: PMC8707053 DOI: 10.3390/ma14247830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: To evaluate the effects of the direct and indirect contact of leukocyte and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) on bone development, in an ex vivo embryonic chick femur model. (2) Methods: Both sections of L-PRF membranes (red and yellow portions) were evaluated with scanning electron microscopy and histochemical staining. The in vivo angiogenic activity was evaluated using a chorioallantoic membrane model. The osteogenic activity was assessed with an organotypic culture of embryonic chick femora through direct and indirect contact, and assessment was conducted by microtomographic and histological analysis. Descriptive statistics, One-Way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons tests were performed for datasets that presented a normal distribution, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed for non-parametric datasets. A significance level of 0.05 was considered. (3) Results: The L-PRF induced angiogenesis reflected by a higher number and a larger and more complex gauge in the vessels that invaded the membrane. The physical presence of the membrane over the bone (direct contact) unleashes the full potential of the L-PRF effects on bone growth enhancement. The greatest increase in mineral content was observed in the diaphysis region. (4) Conclusion: The L-PRF direct contact group presented higher values on mineral content for bone volume, bone surface and bone mineral density than the indirect contact and control groups.
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Regenerative Strategies in Cleft Palate: An Umbrella Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8060076. [PMID: 34205126 PMCID: PMC8230219 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8060076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Alveolar bone defects or decreased alveolar bone height and width may have different causes, such as cleft palate. Regenerative procedures in oro-dental defects are challenging due to anatomical factors and the distinct cell populations involved. The iliac crest bone graft remains the gold-standard for cleft palate closure. However, tissue regeneration approaches have been employed and their outcome reviewed, but no conclusions have been made about which one is the gold-standard. (2) Methods: this umbrella review aims to critically appraise the effectiveness of the current approaches in bone defects regeneration in non-syndromic patients with cleft palate. A search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE databases. (3) Results: Systematic reviews of randomized and non-randomized controlled trials with or without meta-analysis were included. Nine articles were included in the qualitative analysis and five in the quantitative one. The included studies quality was evaluated with AMSTAR2. (4) Conclusions: The use of new regenerative strategies, such as bone morphogenic protein 2, appears to provide similar results regarding bone volume, filling, and height to the standard technique with the iliac crest bone graft.
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