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Ghaljeh M, Mardani-Hamooleh M, Pezaro S. Nurses' perceptions of compassionate care in pediatric oncology: a qualitative interview study. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:1165. [PMID: 39358740 PMCID: PMC11445953 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11661-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compassion is a crucial aspect in the management of pediatric oncology patients as it has the potential to enhance nurse satisfaction levels, thereby further enhancing the quality and safety of the care they deliver. This study aimed to investigate nurses' understanding and experience of compassionate care when working in pediatric oncology departments. METHODS This research utilized a qualitative descriptive design. Content analysis was used to make sense of data collected via individual and semi-structured interviews conducted with nurses (n = 32) working in pediatric oncology departments. RESULTS Nurses' understanding of compassionate care for children with cancer was organized into two categories: Humanistic compassionate care and compassionate end-of-life care. The humanistic compassionate care category comprised of three subcategories: (1) empathy, (2) altruism, and (3) respect for the cultural values and beliefs of the family. The compassionate end-of-life care category comprised of two subcategories: (1) facilitating parents' presence at the child's bedside and (2) creating suitable conditions for accepting the death of a child. CONCLUSION Compassionate care for children with cancer is marked by a strong emphasis on humanistic, cultural, and end-of-life considerations. Our findings further emphasize the paramount importance of taking families' presence, wishes and beliefs into consideration within this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahnaz Ghaljeh
- Department of Nursing Management, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Community Nursing Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Marjan Mardani-Hamooleh
- Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Vanak Sq., Zafar St., Tehran, 1996713883, Iran.
| | - Sally Pezaro
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Research Centre for Healthcare and Communities, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
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van den Berg NM, Paans W, Schroevers MJ, van der Wal-Huisman H, van Leeuwen BL. Does a participatory live music practice support nurses to deliver compassionate care to hospitalised patients? A qualitative study. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:3684-3699. [PMID: 38764215 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
AIM To gain more insight into how nurses experience a participatory live music practice in relation to their ability to deliver compassionate care to medically hospitalised patients. DESIGN Qualitative interpretive design. METHODS Sixteen nurses participating in a live music practice with patients were interviewed using in-depth interviews with open-ended questions. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and subsequently coded. Theory-driven inductive and deductive approaches were applied in thematic data analysis. RESULTS We identified four themes: (1) Nurses' empathy and compassion; (2) The caring nurse-patient relationship; (3) Person-centred approaches to care and (4) Nurses' subjective wellbeing. By observing patients' reactions to the music, nurses described that they obtained a deeper insight and understanding of patients' emotional wellbeing. These observations led to increased feelings of compassion in patient contact and stimulated informal communication between nurses and patients through a sense of shared humanity. According to nurses, these aspects positively affected collaboration with patients in delivering care and stimulated them to pursue person-centred approaches to care. Participating in the live music practice also positively affected nurses' wellbeing, enhanced relaxation and created an ambiance in which compassion could be expressed. CONCLUSION A live music practice can positively contribute to the delivery of compassionate care by providing meaningful shared moments that increase feelings of empathy and compassion and strengthen the caring relationship. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION Offering a live music practice at the ward and bedside offers a unique possibility to enhance engagement in person-centred, compassionate care. IMPACT While compassion and compassionate care are essential component of nursing, nurses often experience multiple barriers to its provision in daily practice. An innovative way to stimulate compassionate care is through the participation of nurses and patients in a live music practice, providing a meaningful moment shared between them. This stimulates feelings of shared humanity and bonding in the caring relationship. REPORTING METHOD The COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research (COREQ). No Patient or Public Contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M van den Berg
- Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wolter Paans
- Research Group Nursing Diagnostics, Hanze University of Applied Sciences Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maya J Schroevers
- Department of Health Sciences, Section Health Psychology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke van der Wal-Huisman
- Department of Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara L van Leeuwen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Soto-Rubio A, Picazo C, Gil-Juliá B, Andreu-Vaillo Y, Pérez-Marín M, Sinclair S. Patient-reported assessment of compassion in Spanish: a systematic review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1352694. [PMID: 39055694 PMCID: PMC11270590 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1352694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims and objectives This systematic review aims to: (1) explore which tools have been used in Spanish to measure compassion; (2) know which of these tools could be used to assess compassion in healthcare settings from the perspective of patients; (3) evaluate the quality of these patient-reported measures in Spanish contexts; and (4) determine which of these instruments would be best suited to be used in healthcare settings. Background Compassion has been recognized as a fundamental dimension of quality healthcare. Methods Several scientific databases were consulted for relevant records published up to December 16th, 2021. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, 64 studies were included. Results and conclusions while existing instruments, validated in Spanish, allow for the measurement of self-compassion or compassion to others, there are no valid and reliable measures currently available in Spanish to measure patient-reported compassion. Relevance to clinical practice In order to ensure and promote compassion in the health care context, it is essential to have a valid and reliable tool to measure this construct in a patient-informed way, and this is currently not possible in the Spanish-speaking context because of the lack of such an instrument in Spanish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Soto-Rubio
- Developmental and Education Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Picazo
- Psychology and Sociology Department, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gil-Juliá
- Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments Department, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Andreu-Vaillo
- Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments Department, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marian Pérez-Marín
- Personality, Assessment, and Psychological Treatments Department, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Shane Sinclair
- Compassion Research Lab, Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Division of Palliative Medicine, Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Marshman C, Allen J, Ling D, Brand G. 'It's very values driven': A qualitative systematic review of the meaning of compassion according to healthcare professionals. J Clin Nurs 2024; 33:1647-1665. [PMID: 38240044 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To explore the meaning ascribed to the concept of compassion by healthcare professionals. BACKGROUND Compassion is universally regarded as the foundation of healthcare, a core value of healthcare organisations, and essential to the provision of quality care. Despite increasing research on compassion in healthcare, how healthcare professionals understand compassion remains unclear. DESIGN A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted and is reported following PRISMA guidelines. METHOD Medline, Emcare, PsychINFO and CINAHL were searched to November 2021 for qualitative studies in English that explored healthcare professionals' understandings of compassion. Included studies were appraised for quality before data were extracted and thematically analysed. FINDINGS Seventeen papers met the inclusion criteria. An overarching theme, 'It's very values driven' underpins the four main themes identified: (1) 'It's about people and working with them': Compassion as being human, (2) 'There is this feeling': Compassion as being present, (3) 'If I don't understand them, I won't be able to help': Compassion as understanding, (4) 'Wanting to help in some way': Compassion as action. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare professional participants reported compassion as motivated by values and inherent to humanistic healthcare practice. The meanings healthcare professions described were varied and contextual. Qualitative research should further explore healthcare practitioners' experiences of compassion as part of their practice to inform health professions education, policy, and practice. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE To practice with compassion, healthcare professionals require supportive and humanistic organisations that honour each person's humanity and encourage people to be human and compassionate to each other as well as to patients, their families and/or carers. Healthcare professionals need to reflect on what compassion means to them, how it is situated within their unique practice context, and how compassion can enhance clinical practice. NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This systematic review had no patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Marshman
- Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Peninsula Health, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
- The Australian College of Mental Health Nurses, Deakin, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jacqui Allen
- Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Debbie Ling
- Department of Social Work, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Brand
- Nursing and Midwifery, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Centre for Scholarship in Health Education (MCSHE), Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Flowers SLD, Guillén-Solà M, Sansó N, Galiana L. Compassionate Care: A Qualitative Exploration of Nurses' Inner Resources in the Face of Burnout. NURSING REPORTS 2024; 14:66-77. [PMID: 38251184 PMCID: PMC10801579 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep14010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a universal shortage of nurses, with a current needs-based shortage of 5.9 million. This is not solely a recruitment issue but one of retention, triggered by high levels of work-induced stress, burnout, and reports of low job satisfaction resulting in poor care delivery. Some of the health repercussions on nurses include anxiety, insomnia, depression, migraines, irritability, absenteeism, and sometimes alcoholism and drug abuse. To tackle some of these costly issues, a qualitative exploration into how inner resources is used by nurses to cope with stress at different points of their careers is proposed. Through the lens of grounded theory, semi-structured interviews will be carried out with two distinct sets of participants: (1) Student nurses registered at the University of the Illes Baleares between 2022-2025. (2) Experienced nurses on the Balearic nursing register. Interviews will be coded and then analysed using Atlas.ti. Expected results will inform curriculum improvements that will benefit the well-being of (student) nurses, from the outset of their training, pre-empting potential psycho-social risks before they arise in the workplace. This is vital as it addresses nurses' mental health as well as chronic issues of retention and absenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Louise d’Auvergne Flowers
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (S.-L.d.F.); (N.S.)
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IDISBA), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Mireia Guillén-Solà
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (S.-L.d.F.); (N.S.)
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IDISBA), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Noemí Sansó
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma, Spain; (S.-L.d.F.); (N.S.)
- Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IDISBA), 07120 Palma, Spain
| | - Laura Galiana
- Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
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Arman M. Empathy, sympathy, and altruism-An evident triad based on compassion. A theoretical model for caring. Scand J Caring Sci 2023; 37:862-871. [PMID: 36942653 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Based on existing confusion and a suggested contradiction regarding empathy and compassion in relation to caring science as well as in clinical health care. AIM The aim of the study was to find a knowledge base for the development of clinical caring science for, empathy, sympathy altruism, and compassion and their mutual relationship. DESIGN A theoretical paper. RESULTS The text discusses the different concepts separately, considering their history, research, obstacles, and bias and then brings them together in a concept model. The conclusion shows that empathy, sympathy, and altruism have no contradictions. Instead, they together form an evident triad based on compassion. Compassion is a prerequisite and a basis for the others to work. In clinical application, empathy is metaphorically a quality coming from the head, sympathy from the heart and altruism from the hand, merged in an attitude of compassion as a motif to care. The paper also reflects on the possibilities to increase and develop a compassionate mood and capacity by education and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Arman
- Department of Neurobiology Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Özsaban A, Cura ŞÜ, Kömürkara S. Turkish version of the 5-item Compassion Measurement Tool: A validity and reliability study. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 45:137-142. [PMID: 37544688 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2023.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this methodological study with a cross-sectional design study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish form of the 5-item Compassion Measurement Tool. The sample was 402 patients in a university hospital. The Content Validity Index was 0.96. Total item correlation values were between 0.559 and 0.685. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.83. The scale could be used as five items, under a single factor as in the original version. A high correlation was found between patients' compassion perception and nursing care satisfaction scores. Turkish version of the 5-item Compassion Measurement Tool is a valid and reliable tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysel Özsaban
- Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Üniversite Neighbourhood, Farabi Street, Number: 88, 61080 Ortahisar, Trabzon, Türkiye.
| | - Şengül Üzen Cura
- Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioğlu Campus, Çanakkale, Türkiye
| | - Sema Kömürkara
- Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Nursing Faculty, İnönü University, Bulgurlu, Malatya Elazığ Street, Number: 44210, 44000 Battalgazi, Malatya, Türkiye
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Bond C, Hui A, Timmons S, Charles A. Mental health nurses' constructions of compassion: A discourse analysis. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2022; 31:1186-1197. [PMID: 35607709 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Compassion is an important element of contemporary nursing work. Compassion has been recognized as necessary for improving health outcomes. However, very little is known about how compassion is understood in the mental health practice setting. We conducted interviews with seven mental health nurses to explore their perspectives on compassion and views on compassion policy. Analysis of the data revealed that compassion was identified and discussed as Compassion as part of the person (and the profession); Compassion: Fundamental to the nursing role; Barriers to compassion; Perspectives on compassion policy. In addition, findings demonstrated ethical constraints on compassion in the mental health context, as well as the administrative burden on nurses more broadly, which was also a reported barrier to compassion. Mental health nurses identified compassion as fundamental to their clinical practice, yet compassion was impeded owing to practical and emotional constraints upon nurses. System-wide action must be taken to increase and support the mental health nursing workforce to strengthen the practice of compassion. This will be fundamental to improving health outcomes that are claimed to be enhanced by compassion. This study is reported according to the COREQ guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Bond
- Centre for Health Innovation, Leadership and Learning, Nottingham University Business School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ada Hui
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stephen Timmons
- Centre for Health Innovation, Leadership and Learning, Nottingham University Business School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ashleigh Charles
- School of Health Sciences, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Sánchez-Romero S, Ruiz-Fernández MD, Fernández-Medina IM, del Mar Jiménez-Lasserrotte M, del Rocío Ramos-Márquez M, Ortega-Galán ÁM. Experiences of suffering among nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive qualitative study. Appl Nurs Res 2022; 66:151603. [PMID: 35840275 PMCID: PMC9225961 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2022.151603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Healthcare professionals have played a fundamental role in managing and controlling the COVID-19 health crisis. They are exposed to high levels of suffering, trauma, uncertainty, and powerlessness in the workplace. The objective of this study was to explore and understand experiences of suffering among primary care and hospital care nurses during the COVID-19 health crisis. DESIGN This is a descriptive qualitative study. Between March and April 2021, 19 in-depth interviews were carried out with nurses at health and social care facilities and hospitals in southern Spain. ATLAS.ti 9.0 software was used for discourse analysis. RESULTS Nurses reported that they had experienced suffering during their work in the pandemic. The main causes suggested were direct contact with patients' suffering and organisational difficulties. The repercussions are in emotional dimension and physical deterioration and social isolation. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Given the circumstances, programmes to promote healthy, compassion-based behaviours and changes to the way in which professionals' suffering is handled must be implemented by healthcare facility managers. Nursing leaders should consider the management of suffering as a matter of the first order, both from the ethical point of view and the business profitability and make compassionate leadership.
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Ruiz-Fernández MD, Alarcón-Ortega C, Ventura-Miranda MI, Ortega-Galán ÁM, Alcaráz-Córdoba A, Berenguel-Marínez A, Lirola-Manzano MJ. Burnout in Specialized Care Nurses during the First COVID-19 Outbreak in Spain. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1282. [PMID: 35885809 PMCID: PMC9323609 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10071282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: One of the most outstanding consequences of the pandemic is the impact it had on the mental health of nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in specialised services. Aim: The aim was to analyse the burnout levels of nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in specialised care and their relationship with variables of the socio-occupational context. Method: This was a quantitative, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study, which included a sample of 355 nursing professionals. The instrument used was a questionnaire (Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS)). Results: A mean score of 27.44 (SD = 12.01) was obtained in the subscale "Emotional exhaustion"; in "Depersonalisation", the mean score was 7.26 (SD = 6.00); and, finally, in "Personal fulfilment", the mean score was 38.27 (SD = 7.04). Statistically significant differences were found in the subscale "Emotional exhaustion", which is higher in women than in men. The subscale "Personal Accomplishment" was higher in the age group 51-65 years. Regarding the "Depersonalisation" subscale, statistically significant differences were found with respect to the years of experience in the current service, which is higher in the group aged 39 years or more. Conclusion: Intervention programmes are required in healthcare systems to improve the emotional well-being of nursing professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (A.A.-C.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Cristina Alarcón-Ortega
- Andalucian Health Service, Av. de la Constitucion 18, 41071 Sevilla, Spain; (C.A.-O.); (A.B.-M.)
| | - María Isabel Ventura-Miranda
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (A.A.-C.)
| | | | - Andrea Alcaráz-Córdoba
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (A.A.-C.)
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Ghafourifard M, Zamanzadeh V, Valizadeh L, Rahmani A. Compassionate Nursing Care Model: Results from a grounded theory study. Nurs Ethics 2022; 29:621-635. [PMID: 35100909 DOI: 10.1177/09697330211051005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Compassion, as an indicator for quality care, is highly valued by patients and healthcare professionals. Compassionate care is considered a moral dimension of nursing practice and an essential component of high quality care. This study aimed to answer these questions: (1) What are the facilitators and barriers of providing compassionate nursing care in the clinical setting? (2) Which strategies do nurses use to provide compassionate care? (3) What is the specific model of compassionate care for the nursing context? A grounded theory approach was used in this study. A total of 21 nurses working in diverse clinical settings participated in the study. Purposive and theoretical sampling was used to select the participants. Data were collected by in-depth face to face interviews and analyzed by the constant comparative method. Ethical approval was gained from the Ethical Review Board of Tabriz University of Medical sciences. The analysis resulted in the development of three main themes: (a) contextual factors affecting compassionate care, (b) the compassionate care actions, and (c) the consequences of compassionate care. The main dimensions of compassionate care are demonstrated in a Compassionate Nursing Care Model. Nurses' ability on providing compassionate care is influenced by individual and organizational factors that may facilitate or inhibit this type of care. Leadership and nurse managers should remove the barriers which diminish the nurses' ability to provide compassionate care and support them to engage in compassionate care programs. Identifying and recruiting compassionate nurses, developing their compassionate capacity, and providing role models of compassion could improve the flourishing of person-centered and compassionate care in clinical settings. The Compassionate Nursing Care Model (CNCM) provides a model to guide nursing care and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Ghafourifard
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahid Zamanzadeh
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Valizadeh
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azad Rahmani
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Bilgiç Ş. Does the compassion level of nursing students affect their ethical sensitivity? NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2022; 109:105228. [PMID: 34864553 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2021.105228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aims to determine the nursing students' levels of compassion and ethical sensitivity and reveal the effect of the level of compassion on their ethical sensitivity. METHOD A descriptive study was carried out with 328 nursing students studying at a state university. Data were collected through the "Personal Information Form", "The Compassion Scale", and "The Modified Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire for Student Nurses (MMSQSN)". RESULTS The average compassion scale score was 4.14 ± 0.57 and the students' MMSQSN score average was 4.72 ± 0.85. A low level of positive correlation was determined between the compassion level of the students and their ethical sensitivity. Students' compassion level was found to be high and their ethical sensitivity was found to be neutral. CONCLUSION The increase in the level of compassion positively affects ethical sensitivity. In order to increase the level of compassion of students to increase their ethical sensitivity, practices that improve compassion and ethical sensitivity are required during their education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şebnem Bilgiç
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Fundamentals of Nursing Department, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey.
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