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Hussain MS, Moglad E, Afzal M, Gupta G, Hassan Almalki W, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Kukreti N, Gupta S, Kumar D, Chellappan DK, Singh SK, Dua K. Non-coding RNA mediated regulation of PI3K/Akt pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma: Therapeutic perspectives. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155303. [PMID: 38728793 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the primary reasons for fatalities caused by cancer globally, highlighting the need for comprehensive knowledge of its molecular aetiology to develop successful treatment approaches. The PI3K/Akt system is essential in the course of HCC, rendering it an intriguing candidate for treatment. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are important mediators of the PI3K/Akt network in HCC. The article delves into the complex regulatory functions of ncRNAs in influencing the PI3K/Akt system in HCC. The study explores how lncRNAs, miRNAs, and circRNAs impact the expression as well as the function of the PI3K/Akt network, either supporting or preventing HCC growth. Additionally, treatment strategies focusing on ncRNAs in HCC are examined, such as antisense oligonucleotide-based methods, RNA interference, and small molecule inhibitor technologies. Emphasizing the necessity of ensuring safety and effectiveness in clinical settings, limitations, and future approaches in using ncRNAs as therapies for HCC are underlined. The present study offers useful insights into the complex regulation system of ncRNAs and the PI3K/Akt cascade in HCC, suggesting possible opportunities for developing innovative treatment approaches to address this lethal tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Ehssan Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, 72341, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Chameli Devi Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Khandwa Road, Village Umrikheda, Near Toll Booth, Indore, Madhya Pradesh 452020, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India.
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2
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Wang F, Kang X, Li Y, Lu J, Liu X, Yan H. Elucidating hepatocellular carcinoma progression: a novel prognostic miRNA-mRNA network and signature analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5042. [PMID: 38424172 PMCID: PMC10904818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55806-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that miRNAs play an important role in the prognosis of HCC. There is currently a lack of acknowledged models that accurately predict patient prognosis. The aim of this study is to create a miRNA-based model to precisely forecast a patient's prognosis and a miRNA-mRNA network to investigate the function of a targeted mRNA. TCGA miRNA dataset and survival data of HCC patients were downloaded for differential analysis. The outcomes of variance analysis were subjected to univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses and LASSO analysis. We constructed and visualized prognosis-related models and subsequently used violin plots to probe the function of miRNAs in tumor cells. We predicted the target mRNAs added those to the String database, built PPI protein interaction networks, and screened those mRNA using Cytoscape. The hub mRNA was subjected to GO and KEGG analysis to determine its biological role. Six of them were associated with prognosis: hsa-miR-139-3p, hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-101-3p, hsa-miR-30d-5p, hsa-miR-5003-3p, and hsa-miR-6844. The prognostic model was highly predictive and consistently performs, with the C index exceeding 0.7 after 1, 3, and 5 years. The model estimated significant differences in the Kaplan-Meier plotter and the model could predict patient prognosis independently of clinical indicators. A relatively stable miRNA prognostic model for HCC patients was constructed, and the model was highly accurate in predicting patients with good stability over 5 years. The miRNA-mRNA network was constructed to explore the function of mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Clinical Research Center, Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xichun Kang
- Clinical Research Center, Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yaoqi Li
- Clinical Research Center, Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jianhua Lu
- Clinical Research Center, Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiling Liu
- Clinical Research Center, Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Huimin Yan
- Clinical Research Center, Shijiazhuang Fifth Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
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Farzaneh M, Nasrolahi A, Ghaedrahmati F, Masoodi T, Najafi S, Sheykhi-Sabzehpoush M, Dari MAG, Radoszkiewicz K, Uddin S, Azizidoost S, Khoshnam SE. Potential roles of lncRNA-XIST/miRNAs/mRNAs in human cancer cells. Clin Transl Oncol 2023:10.1007/s12094-023-03110-y. [PMID: 36853400 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-023-03110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that contain more than 200 nucleotides but do not code for proteins. In tumorigenesis, lncRNAs can have both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive properties. X inactive-specific transcript (XIST) is a known lncRNA that has been implicated in X chromosome silencing in female cells. Dysregulation of XIST is associated with an increased risk of various cancers. Therefore, XIST can be a beneficial prognostic biomarker for human malignancies. In this review, we attempt to summarize the emerging roles of XIST in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Laboratory of Molecular and Metabolic Imaging, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, 26999, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahrokh Abouali Gale Dari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Klaudia Radoszkiewicz
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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4
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Jiao WP. MiR-139 Affects Radioresistance in Esophageal Cancer by Targeting the PDK1/AKT/Cyclin D1 Signaling Pathway. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 174:489-496. [PMID: 36899199 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05735-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
We explored the mechanism by which miR-139 modulates radioresistance of esophageal cancer (EC). The radioresistant cell line KYSE150R was obtained from the parental KYSE150 cell line by fractionated irradiation (15×2 Gy; total dose of 30 Gy). The cell cycle was assessed by flow cytometry. A gene profiling study was conducted to detect the expression of genes related to the radioresistance of EC. In the KYSE150R line, flow cytometry revealed increased number of G1-phase cells and decreased number of G2-phase cells; the expression of miR-139 increased. Knockdown of miR-139 decreased radioresistance and changed the distribution of cell cycle phases in KYSE150R cells. Western blotting showed that miR-139 knockdown increased the expression levels of cyclin D1, p-AKT, and PDK1. However, PDK1 inhibitor GSK2334470 reversed this effect for p-AKT and cyclin D1 expression. A luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-139 directly bound to the PDK1 mRNA 3'-UTR. Analysis of the clinical data from 110 patients with EC showed an association of miR-139 expression with the TNM stage and the effect of therapy. MiR-139 expression significantly correlated with EC and progression-free survival. In conclusion, miR-139 enhances the radiosensitivity of EC by regulating the cell cycle through the PDK1/Akt/Cyclin D1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University & Hebei Tumor Hospital, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University & Hebei Tumor Hospital, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - W P Jiao
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University & Hebei Tumor Hospital, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
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5
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Chen Z, Qi L, Fu H, Ma L. Long non-coding RNA X-inactive specific transcript suppresses the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through microRNA-221-3p-targeted regulation of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14013-14027. [PMID: 35723009 PMCID: PMC9275909 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2086382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-221-3p (miR-221-3p) is an important regulator involved in the progression and prognosis of various cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of miR-221-3p expression along with long non-coding RNA X–inactive specific transcript (XIST), which was identified as its upstream regulator in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by bioinformatics analysis, and further validated by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Their expression was measured in tumor tissues and corresponding non-tumor tissues by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), which revealed that XIST was weakly expressed in HCC cells and tumors, while miR-221-3p was overexpressed. Complete knockdown of XIST enhanced HCC cell proliferation and migration and inhibited apoptosis, as observed by MTT, transwell, and flow cytometry experiments, respectively. Animal studies validated that XIST knockdown induces tumor growth in vivo. In contrast, upregulation of XIST in HCC cells suppressed their proliferation and migration, stimulated apoptosis, and retarded the growth rate of tumors in vivo. These effects were partially reversed by upregulating miR-221-3p expression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is a downstream target of miR-221-3p. It was weakly expressed in HCC cells and tumors and showed a negative correlation with miR-221-3p. Forced MGMT expression repressed proliferation and migration and enhanced apoptosis in HCC cells. Nevertheless, these anti-tumor effects induced by MGMT overexpression could be abolished by miR-221-3p upregulation. Collectively, our findings reveal that XIST blocks the development of HCC through miR-221-3p-targeted regulation of MGMT. This reveals a new mechanism involved in the development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zushun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Lunan Qi
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongyuan Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Khare S, Khare T, Ramanathan R, Ibdah JA. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Role of MicroRNAs. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050645. [PMID: 35625573 PMCID: PMC9138333 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. HCC is diagnosed in its advanced stage when limited treatment options are available. Substantial morphologic, genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity has been reported in HCC, which poses a challenge for the development of a targeted therapy. In this review, we discuss the role and involvement of several microRNAs (miRs) in the heterogeneity and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma with a special emphasis on their possible role as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in the risk prediction, early detection, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad Khare
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (S.K.); (T.K.); (R.R.)
- Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Tripti Khare
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (S.K.); (T.K.); (R.R.)
| | - Raghu Ramanathan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (S.K.); (T.K.); (R.R.)
- Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
| | - Jamal A. Ibdah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA; (S.K.); (T.K.); (R.R.)
- Harry S. Truman Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO 65201, USA
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: 1-573-882-7349; Fax: 1-573-884-4595
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The lncRNAs at X Chromosome Inactivation Center: Not Just a Matter of Sex Dosage Compensation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020611. [PMID: 35054794 PMCID: PMC8775829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) constitute the majority of the transcriptome, as the result of pervasive transcription of the mammalian genome. Different RNA species, such as lncRNAs, miRNAs, circRNA, mRNAs, engage in regulatory networks based on their reciprocal interactions, often in a competitive manner, in a way denominated “competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks” (“ceRNET”): miRNAs and other ncRNAs modulate each other, since miRNAs can regulate the expression of lncRNAs, which in turn regulate miRNAs, titrating their availability and thus competing with the binding to other RNA targets. The unbalancing of any network component can derail the entire regulatory circuit acting as a driving force for human diseases, thus assigning “new” functions to “old” molecules. This is the case of XIST, the lncRNA characterized in the early 1990s and well known as the essential molecule for X chromosome inactivation in mammalian females, thus preventing an imbalance of X-linked gene expression between females and males. Currently, literature concerning XIST biology is becoming dominated by miRNA associations and they are also gaining prominence for other lncRNAs produced by the X-inactivation center. This review discusses the available literature to explore possible novel functions related to ceRNA activity of lncRNAs produced by the X-inactivation center, beyond their role in dosage compensation, with prospective implications for emerging gender-biased functions and pathological mechanisms.
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Yang J, Qi M, Fei X, Wang X, Wang K. Long non-coding RNA XIST: a novel oncogene in multiple cancers. Mol Med 2021; 27:159. [PMID: 34930117 PMCID: PMC8686246 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) is an important lncRNA derived from the XIST gene in mammals. XIST is abnormally expressed in numerous tumors, in most of which XIST functions as an oncogene. XIST is involved in multiple aspects of carcinogenesis, including tumor onset, progression, and prognosis. In our review, we collected and analyzed the recent studies on the impact of XIST in human tumor development. The multilevel molecular functions of XIST in human tumors are comprehensively reviewed to clarify the pathologic mechanisms and to offer a novel direction for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Manlong Qi
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Xiang Fei
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, #36 Sanhao Street, Heping, Liaoning, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, #36 Sanhao Street, Heping, Liaoning, 110004, Shenyang, China
| | - Kefeng Wang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, #36 Sanhao Street, Heping, Liaoning, 110004, Shenyang, China.
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Baicalin Inhibits EMT through PDK1/AKT Signaling in Human Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:4391581. [PMID: 34868313 PMCID: PMC8639265 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4391581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Baicalin is a naturally occurring compound with anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the mechanism underlying its anticancer activity on nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Methods The effects of baicalin on the progression and metastasis of experimental NSCLC cell lines were studied in vitro and in vivo. Wound-healing and transwell assays were performed to evaluate the potency of baicalin and the motility and migration ability of NCI-H460 cells. Immunofluorescence assay, western blot assay, and immunohistochemistry test were conducted to investigate the inhibiting effect of baicalin on the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of NSCLC. Results Baicalin inhibited the proliferation and migration of NCI-H446 human NSCLC cells in a dose-dependent manner, reduced the expression levels of phospho-3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (p-PDK1) and phosphor-serine/threonine-protein kinase (p-AKT), reversed the levels of EMT markers, and inhibited the migration of NSCLC cells. Conclusions Baicalin impedes EMT by inhibiting the PDK1/AKT pathway in human NSCLC and thus may be an effective alternative treatment for carcinoma and a new candidate antimetastasis drug.
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Shafabakhsh R, Arianfar F, Vosough M, Mirzaei HR, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Khanbabaei H, Kowsari H, Shojaie L, Azar MEF, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Autophagy and gastrointestinal cancers: the behind the scenes role of long non-coding RNAs in initiation, progression, and treatment resistance. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1229-1255. [PMID: 33432087 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers comprise a heterogeneous group of complex disorders that affect different organs, including esophagus, stomach, gallbladder, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, small intestine, colon, rectum, and anus. Recently, an explosion in nucleic acid-based technologies has led to the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have been found to possess unique regulatory functions. This class of RNAs is >200 nucleotides in length, and is characterized by their lack of protein coding. LncRNAs exert regulatory effects in GI cancer development by affecting different functions such as the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells, apoptosis, glycolysis and angiogenesis. Over the past few decades, considerable evidence has revealed the important role of autophagy in both GI cancer progression and suppression. In addition, recent studies have confirmed a significant correlation between lncRNAs and the regulation of autophagy. In this review, we summarize how lncRNAs play a behind the scenes role in the pathogenesis of GI cancers through regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Arianfar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hashem Khanbabaei
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamed Kowsari
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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11
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Fang H, Deng X, Disteche CM. X-factors in human disease: Impact of gene content and dosage regulation. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:R285-R295. [PMID: 34387327 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene content of the X and Y chromosomes has dramatically diverged during evolution. The ensuing dosage imbalance within the genome of males and females has led to unique chromosome-wide regulatory mechanisms with significant and sex-specific impacts on X-linked gene expression. X inactivation or silencing of most genes on one X chromosome chosen at random in females profoundly affects the manifestation of X-linked diseases, as males inherit a single maternal allele, while females express maternal and paternal alleles in a mosaic manner. An additional complication is the existence of genes that escape X inactivation and thus are ubiquitously expressed from both alleles in females. The mosaic nature of X-linked gene expression and the potential for escape can vary between individuals, tissues, cell types, and stages of life. Our understanding of the specialized nature of X-linked genes and of the multilayer epigenetic regulation that influence their expression throughout the organism has been helped by molecular studies conducted by tissue-specific and single-cell-specific approaches. In turn, the definition of molecular events that control X silencing has helped develop new approaches for the treatment of some X-linked disorders. This review focuses on the peculiarities of the X chromosome genetic content and epigenetic regulation in shaping the manifestation of congenital and acquired X-linked disorders in a sex-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Fang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology
| | | | - Christine M Disteche
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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12
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Ning D, Chen J, Du P, Liu Q, Cheng Q, Li X, Zhang B, Chen X, Jiang L. The crosstalk network of XIST/miR-424-5p/OGT mediates RAF1 glycosylation and participates in the progression of liver cancer. Liver Int 2021; 41:1933-1944. [PMID: 33909326 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is a major public health concern, but the mechanistic actions of biomarkers contributing to liver cancer remain to be determined. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory cascade of microRNA-424-5p (miR-424-5p), X-inactive-specific transcript (XIST) and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in liver cancer. METHODS Differentially expressed miRNAs and target genes related to liver cancer were predicted by bioinformatics analyses, and their expression was determined in liver tissues of patients with liver cancer and liver cancer cells. The RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down and dual luciferase reporter assay were used to examine the binding affinity among XIST and miR-424-5p and OGT. Then, gain- and loss-of-function assays were conducted to evaluate the effects of the XIST/miR-424-5p/OGT axis on malignant phenotypes. A nude mouse model of liver cancer was further established for in vivo substantiation. RESULTS XIST and OGT were up-regulated in liver cancer tissues and cells, responsible for poor prognosis in patients with liver cancer, while miR-424-5p was down-regulated. XIST competitively bound to miR-424-5p to increase OGT expression. XIST silencing inhibited malignant phenotypes of liver cancer cells, while miR-424-5p down-regulation negated its effect. miR-424-5p suppressed RAF1 glycosylation by negatively regulating OGT expression and promoted its ubiquitination/degradation. Furthermore, XIST knockdown inhibited tumour growth and metastasis in nude mice, while ectopic OGT reversed its effect. CONCLUSION These results reveal a novel mechanism by which the interaction of XIST/miR-424-5p/OGT participates in the malignancy and metastasis of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Ning
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jin Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng Du
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Qiumeng Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Clinical Immunology Laboratory, School of Medical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Tao B, Wang D, Yang S, Liu Y, Wu H, Li Z, Chang L, Yang Z, Liu W. Cucurbitacin B Inhibits Cell Proliferation by Regulating X-Inactive Specific Transcript Expression in Tongue Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:651648. [PMID: 34295808 PMCID: PMC8290325 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.651648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a natural product, has anti-tumor effects on various cancers. In order to investigate the expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), we carried out RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and quantitative PCR (qPCR). The data indicated that CAL27 and SCC9 tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cells had reduced expression of X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) after CuB treatment. Moreover, our results showed increased expression of XIST in human tongue cancer. In this study, CuB treatment inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of SCC9 cells, and induced cellular apoptosis. Interestingly, knockdown of XIST led to inhibition of cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in vitro. In addition, reduced expression of XIST suppressed cell migration and invasion. MicroRNA 29b (miR-29b) was identified as a direct target of XIST. Previous reports indicated that miR-29b regulates p53 protein. Our results suggest that increased expression of miR-29b induces cell apoptosis through p53 protein. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system validated the role of XIST knockout in tumor development in vivo. Together, these results suggest that CuB exerts significant anti-cancer activity by regulating expression of XIST via miR-29b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boqiang Tao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering, Changchun, China
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingkun Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhanjun Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu Chang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhijing Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Dashti S, Farsi M, Taheri M, Mousavinejad SA. X-Inactive-Specific Transcript: Review of Its Functions in the Carcinogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:690522. [PMID: 34179019 PMCID: PMC8226258 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.690522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
X-inactive-specific transcript (XIST) is one of the firstly discovered long non-coding RNAs with prominent roles in the process of X inactivation. Moreover, this transcript contributes in the carcinogenic process in different tissues. In addition to interacting with chromatin modifying molecules, XIST can be served as a molecular sponge for miRNAs to modulate expression of miRNA targets. Most of the studies have indicated an oncogenic role for XIST. However, in prostate cancer, a single study has indicated a tumor suppressor role for this lncRNA. Similar result has been reported for XIST in oral squamous cell carcinoma. In hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, osteosarcoma, and renal cell carcinoma, different studies have reported inconsistent results. In the present manuscript, we review function of XIST in the carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Dashti
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Molood Farsi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavinejad
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Wang W, Min L, Qiu X, Wu X, Liu C, Ma J, Zhang D, Zhu L. Biological Function of Long Non-coding RNA (LncRNA) Xist. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:645647. [PMID: 34178980 PMCID: PMC8222981 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.645647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression in a variety of ways at epigenetic, chromatin remodeling, transcriptional, and translational levels. Accumulating evidence suggests that lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA Xist) serves as an important regulator of cell growth and development. Despites its original roles in X-chromosome dosage compensation, lncRNA Xist also participates in the development of tumor and other human diseases by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). In this review, we comprehensively summarized recent progress in understanding the cellular functions of lncRNA Xist in mammalian cells and discussed current knowledge regarding the ceRNA network of lncRNA Xist in various diseases. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that are more than 200 nt in length and without an apparent protein-coding capacity (Furlan and Rougeulle, 2016; Maduro et al., 2016). These RNAs are believed to be transcribed by the approximately 98-99% non-coding regions of the human genome (Derrien et al., 2012; Fu, 2014; Montalbano et al., 2017; Slack and Chinnaiyan, 2019), as well as a large variety of genomic regions, such as exonic, tronic, and intergenic regions. Hence, lncRNAs are also divided into eight categories: Intergenic lncRNAs, Intronic lncRNAs, Enhancer lncRNAs, Promoter lncRNAs, Natural antisense/sense lncRNAs, Small nucleolar RNA-ended lncRNAs (sno-lncRNAs), Bidirectional lncRNAs, and non-poly(A) lncRNAs (Ma et al., 2013; Devaux et al., 2015; St Laurent et al., 2015; Chen, 2016; Quinn and Chang, 2016; Richard and Eichhorn, 2018; Connerty et al., 2020). A range of evidence has suggested that lncRNAs function as key regulators in crucial cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, by regulating the expression level of target genes via epigenomic, transcriptional, or post-transcriptional approaches (Cao et al., 2018). Moreover, lncRNAs detected in body fluids were also believed to serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of disease progression, and act as novel and potential drug targets for therapeutic exploitation in human disease (Jiang W. et al., 2018; Zhou et al., 2019a). Long non-coding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA Xist) are a set of 15,000-20,000 nt sequences localized in the X chromosome inactivation center (XIC) of chromosome Xq13.2 (Brown et al., 1992; Debrand et al., 1998; Kay, 1998; Lee et al., 2013; da Rocha and Heard, 2017; Yang Z. et al., 2018; Brockdorff, 2019). Previous studies have indicated that lncRNA Xist regulate X chromosome inactivation (XCI), resulting in the inheritable silencing of one of the X-chromosomes during female cell development. Also, it serves a vital regulatory function in the whole spectrum of human disease (notably cancer) and can be used as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and as a potential therapeutic target for human disease in the clinic (Liu et al., 2018b; Deng et al., 2019; Dinescu et al., 2019; Mutzel and Schulz, 2020; Patrat et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2020a). In particular, lncRNA Xist have been demonstrated to be involved in the development of multiple types of tumors including brain tumor, Leukemia, lung cancer, breast cancer, and liver cancer, with the prominent examples outlined in Table 1. It was also believed that lncRNA Xist (Chaligne and Heard, 2014; Yang Z. et al., 2018) contributed to other diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation, neuropathic pain, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and osteoarthritis chondrocytes, and more specific details can be found in Table 2. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA Xist on both chromosome dosage compensation and pathogenesis (especially cancer) processes, with a focus on the regulatory network of lncRNA Xist in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dongyi Zhang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
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16
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Gholipour M, Hussen BM, Taheri M. The Impact of Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:649107. [PMID: 33968749 PMCID: PMC8097102 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.649107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the utmost deadly human malignancies. This type of cancer has been associated with several environmental, viral, and lifestyle risk factors. Among the epigenetic factors which contribute in the pathogenesis of HCC is dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). These transcripts modulate expression of several tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes and alter the activity of cancer-related signaling axes. Several lncRNAs such as NEAT1, MALAT1, ANRIL, and SNHG1 have been up-regulated in HCC samples. On the other hand, a number of so-called tumor suppressor lncRNAs namely CASS2 and MEG3 are down-regulated in HCC. The interaction between lncRNAs and miRNAs regulate expression of a number of mRNA coding genes which are involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. H19/miR-15b/CDC42, H19/miR-326/TWIST1, NEAT1/miR-485/STAT3, MALAT1/miR-124-3p/Slug, MALAT1/miR-195/EGFR, MALAT1/miR-22/SNAI1, and ANRIL/miR-144/PBX3 axes are among functional axes in the pathobiology of HCC. Some genetic polymorphisms within non-coding regions of the genome have been associated with risk of HCC in certain populations. In the current paper, we describe the recent finding about the impact of lncRNAs in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wang J, Yin G, Bian H, Yang J, Zhou P, Yan K, Liu C, Chen P, Zhu J, Li Z, Xue T. LncRNA XIST upregulates TRIM25 via negatively regulating miR-192 in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Med 2021; 27:41. [PMID: 33858324 PMCID: PMC8050905 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) XIST has been implicated in the progression of a variety of tumor diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular role of lncRNA XIST in human hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS The expression levels of lncRNA XIST, miR-192 and TRIM25 in HBV-related HCC tissues and HepG2.2.15 cells were detected by qRT-PCR. Biological information and luciferin gene reporter assay were performed to detect the interaction among lncRNA XIST, miR-192 and TRIM25. CCk-8 assay, wound healing assay and colony formation assay were conducted to detect the proliferation and migration ability of HepG2.2.15 cells. RESULTS qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of lncRNA XIST were remarkably increased in HBV-related HCC tissues and HepG2.2.15 cells. In addition, miR-192 was a direct target gene of lncRNA XIST, and the expression of miR-192 and lncRNA XIST were negatively correlated. Moreover, overexpression of miR-192 observably inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells, while overexpression of lncRNA XIST showed an opposite effect. Furthermore, TRIM25 was a direct target of miR-192, and lncRNA XIST could up-regulate the expression of TRIM25 by targeting miR-192. CONCLUSION LncRNA XIST could up-regulate the expression of TRIM25 by targeting and binding to miR-192, thus accelerating the occurrence and development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Wang
- The People's Hospital of Lianshui County, Huai'an City, 223400, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Yin
- Department of Intervention, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an City, Huai'an City, 223002, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Bian
- Department of Pain and Intervention, Huaiyin Hospital of Huai'an City, Huai'an City, 223300, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangli Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Huaian Hospital of Huai'an City, No. 161 Zhenhuailou East Road, Huai'an City, 223200, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Huaian Hospital of Huai'an City, No. 161 Zhenhuailou East Road, Huai'an City, 223200, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Huaian Hospital of Huai'an City, No. 161 Zhenhuailou East Road, Huai'an City, 223200, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Huaian Hospital of Huai'an City, No. 161 Zhenhuailou East Road, Huai'an City, 223200, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Chen
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Huaian Hospital of Huai'an City, No. 161 Zhenhuailou East Road, Huai'an City, 223200, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- The Third People's Hospital of Yancheng City, No. 75 Juchang Road, Yancheng City, 224001, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 188 Shizi Street, Soochow City, 215006, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongqing Xue
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Huaian Hospital of Huai'an City, No. 161 Zhenhuailou East Road, Huai'an City, 223200, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Hamed MM, Handoussa H, Hussein NH, Eissa RA, Abdel-Aal LK, El Tayebi HM. Oleuropin controls miR-194/XIST/PD-L1 loop in triple negative breast cancer: New role of nutri-epigenetics in immune-oncology. Life Sci 2021; 277:119353. [PMID: 33798547 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Oleuropein, the main secoiridoid glucoside found in Olea europaea L., has attracted scientific community as a potential anticancer agent. Immunotherapy and RNA interference revolutionized cancer treatment. Success of PD-L1/PD-1 antibodies encouraged the investigation of PD-1/PD-L1 regulation by non-coding RNAs. This study aimed to verify the cytotoxic effect of oleuropein on MDA-MB-231 cell line and to unravel novel ceRNA interaction between miR-194-5p and XIST in breast cancer and their immunomodulatory effect on PD-L1 expression to propose a promising prophylactic and preventive role of Oleuropin in diet. For the first time, miR-194/Lnc-RNA XIST/PD-L1 triad was investigated in breast cancer, where miR-194 and PD-L1 levels were significantly upregulated in 21 BC-biopsies, yet XIST was downregulated. Ectopic expression of miR-194 enhanced cell function and viability with concomitant increase in PD-L1 expression yet XIST expression decreased, in contrast to miR-194 antagomirs that yielded opposite results. XIST knock-out elevated miR194-5p and PD-L1 levels. miR-194-5p mimics and XIST siRNAs co-transfection induced PD-L1 expression, while miR-194-5p mimics and TSIX siRNAs co-transfection showed opposite effect. Oleuropein showed anti-carcinogenic impact by decreasing miR-194 and PD-L1 levels while increasing XIST level. In conclusion, our study highlighted novel ceRNA interaction controlling PD-L1 expression in BC. Oleuropein is a promising nutraceutical for cancer therapy. Therefore, oleuropin represents a new nutri-epigenetic in immune-oncology that controls miR-194/XIST/PD-L1 loop in triple negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Hamed
- The Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Handoussa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada H Hussein
- The Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda A Eissa
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lobna K Abdel-Aal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend M El Tayebi
- The Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt.
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Xu J, Zhang Y, Liu C, Yan P, Yang Z. Roles of the miR-139-5p/CCT5 axis in hepatocellular carcinoma: a bioinformatic analysis. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:3556-3564. [PMID: 34522182 PMCID: PMC8436101 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.57504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: MiRNAs are pivotal regulators involved in proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, drug resistance and autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of miR-139-5p and its target genes on the outcomes of HCC. Methods: Survival analysis of miR-139-5p in HCC was conducted in Kaplan-Meier plotter. Target genes of miR-139-5p were identified in TargetScan, miRTarBase and starBase. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) series were used for the validation of miR-139-5p target genes. Cox proportional regression model was also established. Results: In Kaplan-Meier plotter, 163 HCC patients were included. MiR-139-5p downregulation was significantly associated with unfavorable overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in HCC patients (all P < 0.001). MiR-139-5p was significantly downregulated in HCC tumors and human hepatoma cell lines (all P < 0.05). As a target gene of miR-139-5p, CCT5 was overexpressed in HCC tumor tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (all P < 0.05). A negative correlation between CCT5 and miR-139-5p was found in TCGA dataset. CCT5 overexpression was significantly associated with worse OS in HCC patients (P < 0.001), which was validated in the GSE14520 dataset (P = 0.017). CCT5 mRNA was significantly overexpressed in HCC patients with alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) > 300 ng/ml, BCLC staging B-C, TNM staging III and main tumor size > 5 cm (all P < 0.05). According to the Cox regression model of CCT5-interacting genes, HCC patients with high risk had poor OS compared to those with low risk in the TCGA dataset (P < 0.001), with the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year ROC curves of an area under the curve (AUC) equal to 0.704, 0.662, and 0.631, respectively. Conclusions: MiR-139-5p suppresses HCC tumor aggression and conversely correlated with CCT5. The miR-139-5p/CCT5 axis might perform crucial functions in the development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Ping Yan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Zongguo Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University. 2901 Caolang Road, Shanghai 201508, China. E-mail: ; Ping Yan, MD, Department of Infectious Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China. E-mail:
| | - Zongguo Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- ✉ Corresponding authors: Zongguo Yang, MD, PhD, Department of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University. 2901 Caolang Road, Shanghai 201508, China. E-mail: ; Ping Yan, MD, Department of Infectious Disease, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China. E-mail:
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20
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Atwa SM, Handoussa H, Hosny KM, Odenthal M, Tayebi HME. Pivotal role of long non-coding ribonucleic acid-X-inactive specific transcript in regulating immune checkpoint programmed death ligand 1 through a shared pathway between miR-194-5p and miR-155-5p in hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2020; 12:1211-1227. [PMID: 33442449 PMCID: PMC7772730 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i12.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-programmed death therapy has thrust immunotherapy into the spotlight. However, such therapy has a modest response in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Epigenetic immunomodulation is a suggestive combinatorial therapy with immune checkpoint blockade. Non-coding ribonucleic acid (ncRNA) driven regulation is a major mechanism of epigenetic modulation. Given the wide range of ncRNAs that co-opt in programmed cell-death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) regulation, and based on the literature, we hypothesized that miR-155-5p, miR-194-5p and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) and MALAT-1 are involved in a regulatory upstream pathway for PD-1/PD-L1. Recently, nutraceutical therapeutics in cancers have received increasing attention. Thus, it is interesting to study the impact of oleuropein on the respective study key players.
AIM To explore potential upstream regulatory ncRNAs for the immune checkpoint PD-1/PD-L1.
METHODS Bioinformatics tools including microrna.org and lnCeDB software were adopted to detect targeting of miR-155-5p, miR-194-5p and lncRNAs XIST and MALAT-1 to PD-L1 mRNA, respectively. In addition, Diana tool was used to predict targeting of both aforementioned miRNAs to lncRNAs XIST and MALAT-1. HCC and normal tissue samples were collected for scanning of PD-L1, XIST and MALAT-1 expression. To study the interaction among miR-155-5p, miR-194-5p, lncRNAs XIST and MALAT-1, as well as PD-L1 mRNA, a series of transfections of the Huh-7 cell line was carried out.
RESULTS Bioinformatics software predicted that miR-155-5p and miR-194-5p can target PD-L1, MALAT-1 and XIST. MALAT-1 and XIST were predicted to target PD-L1 mRNA. PD-L1 and XIST were significantly upregulated in 23 HCC biopsies compared to healthy controls; however, MALAT-1 was barely detected. MiR-194 induced expression elevated the expression of PD-L1, XIST and MALAT-1. However, overexpression of miR-155-5p induced the upregulation of PD-L1 and XIST, while it had a negative impact on MALAT-1 expression. Knockdown of XIST did have an impact on PD-L1 expression; however, following knockdown of the negative regulator of X-inactive specific transcript (TSIX), PD-L1 expression was elevated, and abolished MALAT-1 activity. Upon co-transfection of miR-194-5p with siMALAT-1, PD-L1 expression was elevated. Co-transfection of miR-194-5p with siXIST did not have an impact on PD-L1 expression. Upon co-transfection of miR-194 with siTSIX, PD-L1 expression was upregulated. Interestingly, the same PD-L1 expression pattern was observed following miR-155-5p co-transfections. Oleuropein treatment of Huh-7 cells reduced the expression profile of PD-L1, XIST, and miR-155-5p, upregulated the expression of miR-194-5p and had no significant impact on the MALAT-1 expression profile.
CONCLUSION This study reported a novel finding revealing that opposing acting miRNAs in HCC, have the same impact on PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint by sharing a common signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Atwa
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11865, Egypt
| | - Heba Handoussa
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11865, Egypt
| | - Karim M Hosny
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne 50924, Germany
| | - Hend M El Tayebi
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt
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21
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In Silico and In Vitro Analysis of lncRNA XIST Reveals a Panel of Possible Lung Cancer Regulators and a Five-Gene Diagnostic Signature. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123499. [PMID: 33255394 PMCID: PMC7760781 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) have been associated with a number of diseases including cancer. A well-studied lncRNA called XIST (X-inactive specific transcript) acts as a major effector of the X-inactivation process. It is expressed on the inactive X chromosome providing a dosage equivalence between males and females. Recently XIST has been implicated in the development of lung cancer. Using a bioinformatics approach, we demonstrate the XIST is over-expressed in female patients compared to males. When XIST gene was silenced in two different cell lines (of male and female origin), a number of genes were differentially expressed; playing a role in signal transduction pathways, energy balance and metabolism, thus providing a better insight of the role of this lncRNA in cancer. Finally, we showed that expression of XIST with another 4 genes provided a strong diagnostic potential to discriminate lung cancer from healthy controls. Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform a wide functional repertoire of roles in cell biology, ranging from RNA editing to gene regulation, as well as tumour genesis and tumour progression. The lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) is involved in the aetiopathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its role at the molecular level is not fully elucidated. The expression of XIST and co-regulated genes TSIX, hnRNPu, Bcl-2, and BRCA1 analyses in lung cancer (LC) and controls were performed in silico. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined using RNA-seq in H1975 and A549 NSCLC cell lines following siRNA for XIST. XIST exhibited sexual dimorphism, being up-regulated in females compared to males in both control and LC patient cohorts. RNA-seq revealed 944 and 751 DEGs for A549 and H1975 cell lines, respectively. These DEGs are involved in signal transduction, cell communication, energy pathways, and nucleic acid metabolism. XIST expression associated with TSIX, hnRNPu, Bcl-2, and BRCA1 provided a strong collective feature to discriminate between controls and LC, implying a diagnostic potential. There is a much more complex role for XIST in lung cancer. Further studies should concentrate on sex-specific changes and investigate the signalling pathways of the DEGs following silencing of this lncRNA.
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Chuang TD, Rehan A, Khorram O. Functional role of the long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript in leiomyoma pathogenesis. Fertil Steril 2020; 115:238-247. [PMID: 33070965 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the expression and functional roles of a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) in leiomyoma. DESIGN Experimental study. SETTING Academic research laboratory. PATIENT(S) Women undergoing hysterectomy for leiomyoma. INTERVENTION(S) Overexpression and underexpression of XIST; blockade of specific protein 1 (SP1). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Expression of XIST in leiomyoma and its effects on microRNA 29c (miR-29c), miR-200c, and their targets. RESULT(S) Leiomyoma expressed statistically significantly more XIST as compared with matched myometrium, independent of race/ethnicity and menstrual cycle phase. By use of a three-dimensional spheroid culture system, we found reduced XIST levels in leiomyoma smooth muscle cells (LSMC) after treatment with 17β-estradiol, progesterone, and their combination. The expression of XIST was down-regulated by treatment with the SP1-inhibitor mithramycin A and SP1 small interfering RNA. Knockdown of XIST resulted in inhibition of cell proliferation, up-regulation of miR-29c and miR-200c, and a concomitant inhibition of the target genes of these miRNAs, namely collagen type I (COL1A1), collagen type III (COL3A1), and fibronectin (FN1). By contrast, overexpression of XIST in myometrium smooth muscle cells repressed miR-29c and miR-200c, and induced COL1A1, COL3A1, and FN1 levels. By use of RNA immunoprecipitation analysis we confirmed XIST has sponge activity over miR-29c and miR-200c, which is more pronounced in leiomyoma as compared with myometrium. CONCLUSION(S) Our data demonstrate that increased expression of XIST in leiomyoma results in reduced expression of miR-29c and miR-200c with a consequent up-regulation of the genes targeted by these microRNAs including COL1A1, COL3A1, and FN1, which play key roles in extracellular matrix accumulation associated with fibroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Der Chuang
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Anika Rehan
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
| | - Omid Khorram
- Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California.
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Wu Y, Zhang Y, Qin X, Geng H, Zuo D, Zhao Q. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related long non-coding RNAs: roles and mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105195. [PMID: 32916254 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide with high prevalence and lethality. The oncogenic phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway is a classic dysregulated pathway involved in the pathogenesis of HCC. However, the underlying mechanism for how PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway aberrantly activates HCC has not been entirely elucidated. The recognition of the functional roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling axis sheds light on a new dimension to our understanding of hepatocarcinogenesis. In this review, we comprehensively summarize 67 dysregulated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway-related lncRNAs in HCC. Many studies have indicated that the 67 dysregulated lncRNAs show oncogenic or anti-oncogenic effects in HCC by regulation on epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and they play pivotal roles in the initiation of HCC in diverse biological processes like proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, radio-resistance, energy metabolism, autophagy and so on. Besides, many of these lncRNAs are associated with clinicopathological features and clinical prognosis in HCC, which may provide a potential future application in the diagnosis and therapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wu
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yingshi Zhang
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xiaochun Qin
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Haobin Geng
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- Department of Life Science and Biochemistry, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110840, China.
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Yerukala Sathipati S, Ho SY. Novel miRNA signature for predicting the stage of hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14452. [PMID: 32879391 PMCID: PMC7467934 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71324-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) are reported to be altered and act as potential biomarkers in various cancers. However, miRNA biomarkers for predicting the stage of HCC are limitedly discovered. Hence, we sought to identify a novel miRNA signature associated with cancer stage in HCC. We proposed a support vector machine (SVM)-based cancer stage prediction method, SVM-HCC, which uses an inheritable bi-objective combinatorial genetic algorithm for selecting a minimal set of miRNA biomarkers while maximizing the accuracy of predicting the early and advanced stages of HCC. SVM-HCC identified a 23-miRNA signature that is associated with cancer stages in patients with HCC and achieved a 10-fold cross-validation accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, Matthews correlation coefficient, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 92.59%, 0.98, 0.74, 0.80, and 0.86, respectively; and test accuracy and test AUC of 74.28% and 0.73, respectively. We prioritized the miRNAs in the signature based on their contributions to predictive performance, and validated the prognostic power of the prioritized miRNAs using Kaplan–Meier survival curves. The results showed that seven miRNAs were significantly associated with prognosis in HCC patients. Correlation analysis of the miRNA signature and its co-expressed miRNAs revealed that hsa-let-7i and its 13 co-expressed miRNAs are significantly involved in the hepatitis B pathway. In clinical practice, a prediction model using the identified 23-miRNA signature could be valuable for early-stage detection, and could also help to develop miRNA-based therapeutic strategies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasulu Yerukala Sathipati
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shinn-Ying Ho
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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Luo X, Luo P, Zhang Y. Identification of differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs associated with dilated cardiomyopathy using integrated bioinformatics approaches. Drug Discov Ther 2020; 14:181-186. [PMID: 32727980 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2020.01010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) biomarkers associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and reveal the potential molecular mechanisms of DCM development using bioinformatics approaches. The array data of GSE5406, including 108 DCM samples and 16 non-failing control samples, were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified using limma package in R. Pearson's correlation analyses were performed between the differentially expressed lncRNAs and protein-coding genes based on their expression levels. Pathway enrichment of these lncRNAs was conducted based on the significantly co-expressed genes. From the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) value was obtained and used for evaluating discriminatory ability. IDI2-AS1 and XIST were differentially expressed in DCM patients. A total of 510 co-expressed genes were identified. The enriched functions and pathways of the co-expressed genes mainly included NADH dehydrogenase activity, cardiac muscle contraction, and oxidative phosphorylation. The ROC curve analysis indicated that the two lncRNAs have favorable diagnostic values in DCM. The AUC values of XIST, IDI2-AS1, and the combination of XIST and IDI2-AS1 were 0.733 (95% CI: 0.646-0.809), 0.796 (95% CI: 0.715-0.863), and 0.823 (95% CI: 0.745-0.886), respectively. This study identified IDI2-AS1 and XIST lncRNAs and related pathways involved in the pathogenesis of DCM, thus providing potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Luo
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengdan Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yushun Zhang
- Department of Structural Heart Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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26
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Zhang G, Chen X, Ma L, Ding R, Zhao L, Ma F, Deng X. LINC01419 facilitates hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis through targeting EZH2-regulated RECK. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:11071-11084. [PMID: 32522890 PMCID: PMC7346057 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play significant roles in human tumorigenesis, for example, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study explored the role of LINC01419, a new lncRNA, in HCC. In vitro study revealed that LINC01419 promotes growth and migration of HCC cells. Genes that affected cell proliferation and cell migration were identified using RNA-sequence. Subsequently, it was confirmed that LINC01419 binds to EZH2, leading to histone methylation of the RECK promoter. Interaction between LINC01419 and FUS stabilized EZH2 mRNA thereby enhancing EZH2 expression. Conclusively, the results of this study confirm that LINC01419 may serve as a potential target for HCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, People's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ximin Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Ma
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Radiotherapy, People's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy, People's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xubin Deng
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Khalili N, Nouri-Vaskeh M, Hasanpour Segherlou Z, Baghbanzadeh A, Halimi M, Rezaee H, Baradaran B. Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic significance of miR-139-5p in cancers. Life Sci 2020; 256:117865. [PMID: 32502540 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are a group of non-coding RNAs that have regulatory functions in post-transcriptional gene expression. These molecules play a fundamental role in cellular processes, for instance cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion. Scientific investigations have previously established that miRNAs can either promote or suppress tumor development by mediating different signaling pathways. miR-139-5p, located on chromosome 11q13.4, has been examined extensively in cancers. Studies have demonstrated that miR-139-5p might be an attractive cancer biomarker. Herein, we will review how miR-139-5p acts in cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy, as well as elucidating its major target genes and associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Khalili
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Nouri-Vaskeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Monireh Halimi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Haleh Rezaee
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Clinical Pharmacy (Pharmacotherapy), Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Hai B, Pan X, Du C, Mao T, Jia F, Liu Y, Ma Y, Liu X, Zhu B. LncRNA XIST Promotes Growth of Human Chordoma Cells by Regulating miR-124-3p/iASPP Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4755-4765. [PMID: 32547104 PMCID: PMC7266409 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s252195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Chordoma is a malignant primary bone tumor that is found in the spine and skull. X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is known to be involved in the development of various cancers, but its precise function and mechanism in human chordoma have not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the role of lncRNA XIST in chordoma progression. Methods Quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine lncRNA XIST expression in human chordoma tissues and matched-noncancerous tissues. Western blot was used to determine protein expression. Silencing and overexpression of lncRNA XIST were carried out by RNA interference (RNAi) and lentiviral transduction, respectively. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry were employed to examine the effects of lncRNA XIST on growth of human chordoma cells. Lastly, the role of lncRNA XIST in vivo was explored using a xenograft model. Results We found that lncRNA XIST expression was upregulated in chordoma and strongly correlated with poor patient prognosis. Moreover, lncRNA XIST promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of chordoma cells. Mechanistically, upregulation of lncRNA XIST led to a decrease in miR-124-3p expression, thereby promoting the expression of the miR-124-3p target gene, inhibitor of apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP). Addition of miR-124-3p inhibitor or mimic reversed the effects induced by lncRNA XIST silencing or overexpression on chordoma cell proliferation. Lastly, using a xenograft mouse model, we found that silencing of lncRNA XIST decreased tumorigenicity in vivo, as shown by increased tumor cell apoptosis. Conclusion Our findings demonstrate a key role for lncRNA XIST in chordoma progression by regulating miR124-3p/iAPSS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Hai
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanchao Du
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianli Mao
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlong Ma
- The Center for Pain Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,The Center for Pain Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhu
- The Center for Pain Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Wei H, Huang L, Wei F, Li G, Huang B, Li J, Cao C. Up-regulation of miR-139-5p protects diabetic mice from liver tissue damage and oxidative stress through inhibiting Notch signaling pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:390-400. [PMID: 32293663 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and development of diabetes seriously threaten the health of patients. Therefore, the mechanism exploration of diabetes is of great significance for more effective control of this disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of miR-139-5p and Notch signaling pathway on liver damage and oxidative stress in diabetic mice. The mouse model of diabetes was established, and the mice were divided into normal group, model group, negative control (NC) group, miR-139-5p mimic group, miR-139-5p inhibitor group, DAPT group, and miR-139-5p inhibitor + DAPT group. The mRNA expressions of miR-139-5p, Notch1, Jagged1, and NICD1, and the protein expressions of Notch1, Jagged1, and NICD1 were detected. In addition, HepG2 cells were cultured for high glucose induction, and cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The results showed that the body weights of mice in the model, NC, miR-139-5p mimic, miR-139-5p inhibitor, DAPT, and miR-139-5p inhibitor + DAPT groups were all lower than that in the normal group. Co-localization of miR-139-5p and Notch1 was observed in the fluorescence in situ hybridization assay, and miR-139-5p was found to negatively regulate Notch1. Furthermore, reduced blood glucose level and inhibited liver oxidative stress were observed in mice with miR-139-5p overexpression or DAPT treatment. DAPT treatment reversed the increase of blood glucose level and oxidative stress injury caused by miR-139-5p silencing. In conclusion, up-regulation of miR-139-5p expression can protect liver tissue from oxidative stress injury in diabetic mice, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of Notch signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wei
- Department of General Practice Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Liwei Huang
- Department of General Practice Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Fenghua Wei
- Department of General Practice Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Guangzhi Li
- Department of General Practice Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of General Practice Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of General Practice Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Cong Cao
- Department of General Practice Medicine Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
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Zhang S, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Xiao Q, Zhang Y, Lou Y, Qiu Y, Zhu F. The mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic novel nucleic acids for hepatocellular carcinoma emerging in past score years. Brief Bioinform 2020; 22:1860-1883. [PMID: 32249290 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite The Central Dogma states the destiny of gene as 'DNA makes RNA and RNA makes protein', the nucleic acids not only store and transmit genetic information but also, surprisingly, join in intracellular vital movement as a regulator of gene expression. Bioinformatics has contributed to knowledge for a series of emerging novel nucleic acids molecules. For typical cases, microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) exert crucial role in regulating vital biological processes, especially in malignant diseases. Due to extraordinarily heterogeneity among all malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has emerged enormous limitation in diagnosis and therapy. Mechanistic, diagnostic and therapeutic nucleic acids for HCC emerging in past score years have been systematically reviewed. Particularly, we have organized recent advances on nucleic acids of HCC into three facets: (i) summarizing diverse nucleic acids and their modification (miRNA, lncRNA, circRNA, circulating tumor DNA and DNA methylation) acting as potential biomarkers in HCC diagnosis; (ii) concluding different patterns of three key noncoding RNAs (miRNA, lncRNA and circRNA) in gene regulation and (iii) outlining the progress of these novel nucleic acids for HCC diagnosis and therapy in clinical trials, and discuss their possibility for clinical applications. All in all, this review takes a detailed look at the advances of novel nucleic acids from potential of biomarkers and elaboration of mechanism to early clinical application in past 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- School of Life Sciences in Nanchang University, China
| | - Zhengwen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Qitao Xiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yan Lou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital in Zhejiang University, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Zhejiang University, China
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LncRNA FTX Involves in the Nogo-66-Induced Inhibition of Neurite Outgrowth Through Regulating PDK1/PKB/GSK-3β Pathway. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:1143-1153. [PMID: 32107749 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00803-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Nogo-66 can inhibit neurite outgrowth, while its regulation mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Recent studies prove that lncRNAs are involved in neurite outgrowth. This study was aimed to investigate whether lncRNA FTX was involved in Nogo-66-induced inhibition of neurite outgrowth and explore the potential mechanism. The expression of relative genes was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. The function of FTX was determined by overexpression and knockdown techniques. The interaction between FTX and PDK1 was evaluated by RIP and RNA pull-down assays. FTX expression was downregulated by Nogo-66 in PC12 cells. Nogo-66-induced inhibition of neurite outgrowth was relieved by FTX overexpression. FTX bound to PDK1 protein to disturb the interaction between PDK1 and E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF126, thereby blocked the ubiquitination degradation of PDK1 and elevated PDK1 protein level. Mechanically, FTX involved in the Nogo-66-induced inhibition of neurite outgrowth through the PDK1/PKB/GSK-3β pathway. In SCI rats, FTX knockdown inhibited neurite outgrowth induced by the receptor antagonist of Nogo-66. The present results suggested that FTX took part in Nogo-66-inhibited neurite outgrowth, and FTX exerted its function through regulating PDK1/PKB/GSK-3β pathway.
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Tian K, Sun D, Chen M, Yang Y, Wang F, Guo T, Shi Z. Long Noncoding RNA X-Inactive Specific Transcript Facilitates Cellular Functions in Melanoma via miR-139-5p/ROCK1 Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:1277-1287. [PMID: 32103995 PMCID: PMC7024886 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s225661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Although X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) is known to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of melanoma, the mechanisms through which this remains unclear. Methods RNAseq, immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR were used to identify the levels of XIST, miR-139-5p, and Rho-Associated Coiled-Coil Containing Protein Kinase-1 (ROCK1) in melanoma tissues and cells. A subcellular fractionation assay was used to determine the location of XIST. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were used to evaluate cellular proliferation. Cell migration and wound healing assays were used to detect the effects on cell migration. RNA pull-down was used to confirm the interaction between XIST and miR-139-5p. Besides, the xenograft tumor experiment was performed to further verify the roles of XIST in melanoma. Results In this study, an increased level of XIST was revealed in melanoma tissues and cells, which was associated with higher TNM stage and positive lymph node metastasis. XIST was found to function as a “molecular sponge” of miR-139-5p to facilitate cellular functions. Moreover, these consequences could be partially reversed by inhibition of miR-139-5p. MiR-139-5p was found to target ROCK1 directly, leading to suppression of ROCK1 expression; this effect could be partially reversed by inhibiting XIST expression. Furthermore, the deletion of ROCK1 induced anti-oncogenic effects similar to those seen with knockout of XIST. Upregulation of miR-139-5p and knockdown of XIST could inhibit cell functions in melanoma. Conclusion Our findings suggested that the lncRNA XIST facilitates cellular functions in melanoma via the miR-139-5p/ROCK1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxia Sun
- Department of Pathology, Handan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Handan 056000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pathology, Handan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Handan 056000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Taotao Guo
- Laboratory Department, Handan Second Hospital, Handan, Hebei Province 056000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Shi
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
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Salama EA, Adbeltawab RE, El Tayebi HM. XIST and TSIX: Novel Cancer Immune Biomarkers in PD-L1-Overexpressing Breast Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1459. [PMID: 31998636 PMCID: PMC6966712 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Escaping antitumor immunity is a hallmark in cancer progression. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is an immune checkpoint receptor responsible for the maintenance of immune tolerance; PD-1 ligand (PD-L1) is overexpressed in tumor cells, simplifying their escape from the immune system through T-cell function suppression. Notwithstanding that cancer antigen (CA)125, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA15-3, and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) are among conventional breast cancer diagnostic biomarkers, their lack of sensitivity and specificity resides among their major limitations. Furthermore, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2 and interleukin (IL)-6—demonstrated as breast cancer immune biomarkers—still possess limitations, for instance, technical detection problems and stability problems, which necessitate the discovery of novel, stable non-invasive cancer immune biomarkers. XIST and TSIX are two long non-coding (lnc)RNAs possessing a role in X chromosome inactivation (XCI) as well as in breast cancer (BC). In the present study, they were investigated as stable non-invasive breast cancer immune biomarkers. The study demonstrated that PD-L1 was overexpressed in the different molecular subtypes of breast cancer patients as well as in MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, lncRNAs XIST and TSIX were markedly increased in the tissues, lymph nodes, and different body fluids of breast cancer patients compared to controls. In addition, XIST and TSIX were differentially expressed in subtypes of BC patients, and their levels were correlated to PD-L1 expression level. In conclusion, this correlative study has shed light on the role of both lncRNAs XIST and TSIX as potential non-invasive BC immune biomarkers reflecting the evaded immune system of the patient and overcoming the instability problem of common BC biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esraa A Salama
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda E Adbeltawab
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend M El Tayebi
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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Gao W, Gao J, Chen L, Ren Y, Ma J. Targeting XIST induced apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells by activation of NF-kB/PUMA signal. Bioengineered 2019; 10:261-270. [PMID: 31189404 PMCID: PMC6592364 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2019.1631104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) plays vital roles in tumor progression. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of targeting XIST on osteosarcoma (OS) cells in vitro and in vivo. We used shRNA to knockdown XIST to evaluate cell growth and apoptosis in U2OS cells in vitro and xenograft formation in vivo. An observed relationship between XIST and the p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) pathway was further explored by using small interfering RNA (siRNA). Our results showed that suppression of XIST by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) impeded U2OS cell growth, induced apoptosis and lessened OS xenograft tumor growth. Targeting XIST increased NF-kB-dependent PUMA upregulation in U2OS cells. Upregulation of PUMA is correlated with suppression of XIST-induced apoptosis in U2OS cells. Therefore, inhibition of XIST could promote U2OS cell death via activation of NF-kB/PUMA pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Gao
- a Department of Spine Surgery , The 107 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army , Yantai , Shandong , China
| | - Jisheng Gao
- a Department of Spine Surgery , The 107 Hospital of the People's Liberation Army , Yantai , Shandong , China
| | - Longying Chen
- b Department of Orthopedics , Linyi Central Hospital , Linyi , Shangdong , China
| | - Yande Ren
- c Department of Radiology , The affiliated hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , Shandong , China
| | - Jinfeng Ma
- d Department of Spine Surgery , The affiliated hospital of Qingdao University , Qingdao , Shandong , China
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Mo Y, He L, Lai Z, Wan Z, Chen Q, Pan S, Li L, Li D, Huang J, Xue F, Che S. Gold nano-particles (AuNPs) carrying miR-326 targets PDK1/AKT/c-myc axis in hepatocellular carcinoma. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2830-2837. [PMID: 31298047 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1489266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) contributes to tumour growth and invasion. MiR-326 expression often down-regulates in several kinds of cancer and low expression of miR-326 is linked with poor prognosis in cancer patients. In the present study, we aimed to explore the modulatory mechanism of miR-326 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). miR-326 expression was significantly decreased in HCC cell lines and tissues. miR-326 decreased HCC cell growth by affecting cell-cycle progression and by promoting apoptosis. In addition, miR-326 inhibited HCC cell invasion by decreasing the EMT phenotype. We found that miR-326 functioned as a tumour suppressor by repressing its down-stream target PDK1. C-myc contributed to miR-326 down-regulation through binding at its promoter and inhibited its expression. Based on these results, we conducted a therapeutic experiment by using gold nano-particles (AuNPs) carrying miR-326. Restoration of miR-326 reduced tumour growth in vivo. Our findings suggest that miR-326 may be a candidate prognostic biomarker and a target for new therapies in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Mo
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Longguang He
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Zeru Lai
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Zhiheng Wan
- b Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of BaoTou Medical University , Inner Mongolia , China
| | - Qinshou Chen
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Sibo Pan
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Liangfu Li
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Dasheng Li
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Junwei Huang
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Fan Xue
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
| | - Siyao Che
- a Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gaozhou People's Hospital , Gaozhou , China
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Long noncoding RNA CASC2c inhibited cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma by inactivated ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Clin Transl Oncol 2019; 22:302-310. [PMID: 31625123 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in tumorigenesis, but their biological functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Alternative splicing of five exons results in three transcript variants of cancer susceptibility 2 (CASC2): the lncRNAs CASC2a, CASC2b, and CASC2c. CASC2a/b have been found to have crucial regulatory functions in a number of malignancies, but few studies have examined the effects of CASC2c in cancers. The objective of the study was to investigate the role of CASC2c in the proliferation and apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. METHODS This study first investigated the expression levels of CASC2c in tumor tissues, corresponding non-tumor tissues and cells using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The function and underlying molecular mechanism of CASC2c in human HCC were investigated in QGY-7703 cell line, as well as in gastric cancer (GC) cell and colorectal cancer (CRC) cell. RESULTS In the present work, we observed that CASC2c was significantly down-regulated in HCC tissues and cells. Moreover, its overexpression remarkably inhibited the growth, migration, and invasion of HCC cells in vitro and promoted their apoptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CASC2c overexpression decreased p-ERK1/2 levels in HCC, GC, and CRC cells. Interestingly, while overexpression of CASC2c decreased β-catenin expression in HCC and GC cells, it increased that in CRC cells. CONCLUSION The lncRNA-CASC2c has a vital role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression, and may serve as a biomarker or therapeutic target in cancer treatment via down-regulation of the ERK1/2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.
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Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of TINCR in caner: A meta-analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Yin S, Dou J, Yang G, Chen F. Long non-coding RNA XIST expression as a prognostic factor in human cancers: A meta-analysis. Int J Biol Markers 2019; 34:327-333. [PMID: 31566056 DOI: 10.1177/1724600819873010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A large number of literature has shown that high expression of X inactive-specific transcript (XIST) is associated with poor prognosis and metastasis of cancer in patients. However, most of this literature is limited by the small sample sizes and discrete outcomes. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to investigate the relation between XIST expression and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and overall survival of cancer patients. We searched for literature in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association of XIST expression with prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of cancer patients. Finally, a total of 14 articles involving 1123 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The results suggested that high expression of XIST has a significant relationship with a relatively poor overall survival for patients with malignant tumors (HR 1.82; 95% CI 1.32, 2.52; P = 0.0003). Moreover, high expression of XIST was significantly associated with poor TNM stage (OR 3.64; 95% CI 2.62, 5.07; P < 0.0001), lymph node metastasis (OR 2.39; 95% CI 1.65, 3.46; P < 0.0001) and distant metastasis (OR 2.84; 95% CI 1.90, 4.23; P < 0.0001). In conclusion, high expression of lncRNA XIST may be a predictive factor of poor prognosis in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jingzhou Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.,Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiayu Dou
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Mcgill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guifang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Zhang XT, Pan SX, Wang AH, Kong QY, Jiang KT, Yu ZB. Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) X-Inactive Specific Transcript (XIST) Plays a Critical Role in Predicting Clinical Prognosis and Progression of Colorectal Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:6429-6435. [PMID: 31452526 PMCID: PMC6724558 DOI: 10.12659/msm.915329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in all cancer biology processes of cells. Although functions and associated mechanisms of lncRNAs have been proven in colorectal cancer (CRC), the roles of lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) have not been clearly investigated in CRC. Material/Methods Expression of XIST was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay in CRC cell lines and 196 clinical samples. Correlations between XIST expression and CRC clinicopathological features were analyzed. Log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier test were performed to assess and compare the prognoses of patients with higher and lower expression of XIST. The multivariate Cox regression and univariate Cox regression were conducted to evaluate the risk factors for prognosis of CRC. Results lncRNA XIST was upregulated in CRC cells lines and tissues (p<0.05). Statistical analysis found high XIST expression was correlated with larger tumor size, N1, M1, and topography lymph node metastasis (TNM) III+IV stage of CRC. Moreover, higher expression of XIST could predict poor progression-free survival (PFS) and poor overall survival (OS) of CRC patients. The M1 stage and high expression of XIST were proven to be independent risk factors for poor prognosis (p<0.05). Conclusions XIST is upregulated in CRC and is significantly correlated with CRC clinical progression. lncRNA XIST overexpression predict poor PFS and poor OS for CRC patients. lncRNA XIST can be an independent risk factor for CRC prognosis, and could be a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Tian Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Sheng-Xue Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Ai-Hua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qing-Yin Kong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Kai-Tong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Zong-Bu Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China (mainland)
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Wang J, Li B, Wang C, Luo Y, Zhao M, Chen P. Long noncoding RNA FOXD2-AS1 promotes glioma cell cycle progression and proliferation through the FOXD2-AS1/miR-31/CDK1 pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:19784-19795. [PMID: 31347720 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are vital mediators involved in cancer progression. Previous studies confirmed that FOXD2 adjacent opposite strand RNA 1 (FOXD2-AS1) is upregulated in tumor diseases. The potential influence of FOXD2-AS1 in glioma progression, however, remains unknown. In this paper, FOXD2-AS1 was found to be upregulated in glioma tissues. Its level was linked with glioma stage. Moreover, glioma patients expressing high level of FOXD2-AS1 suffered worse prognosis. Biological functions of FOXD2-AS1 in glioma cells were analyzed through integrative bioinformatics and TCGA RNA sequencing data analysis. Pathway enrichment analysis uncovered that FOXD2-AS1 was mainly linked with cell cycle regulation in both low-grade glioma and glioblastoma. Further experiments demonstrated that silence of FOXD2-AS1 inhibited proliferation, arrested cell cycle and downregulated cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) in human glioma cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that FOXD2-AS1 upregulated CDK1 by sponging miR-31. Rescue assays were performed and confirmed the regulatory loop FOXD2-AS1/miR-31/CDK1 in glioma. Collectively, our results indicated that the FOXD2-AS1/miR-31/CDK1 axis influenced glioma progression, providing a potential new target for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Science and Education, The Affiliated Hospital of South-East University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bingqiang Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of South-East University, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cunzu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Pin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Long non-coding RNA XIST predicting advanced clinical parameters in cancer: A Meta-Analysis and case series study in a single institution. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:2192-2202. [PMID: 31404342 PMCID: PMC6676735 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated expression of long non-coding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA-XIST) has been indicated in various cancer types. In the present study, a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential role of lncRNA-XIST in predicting the clinicopathological parameters of patients with cancer. Eligible studies were obtained through a systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and the Cochrane Library, of articles published prior to January 2019. The combined odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated to determine the association between lncRNA-XIST expression and patient outcome. In addition, 45 pairs of osteosarcoma (OS) tissues and adjacent healthy tissues from a single institution were analyzed for the expression of lncRNA-XIST, and its association with clinicopathological features; ultimately, a total of 1,869 cancer patients from 25 studies were assessed. The results demonstrated that high expression levels of lncRNA-XIST were significantly associated with lymphatic metastasis, larger tumor size, advanced cancer stage and distant metastasis. However, sex was not associated with lncRNA-XIST expression level. In the OS patient cohort, it was demonstrated that lncRNA-XIST was highly expressed in OS tissues, which negatively correlated with patient prognosis. The present study indicated that lncRNA-XIST may serve as a potential biomarker for advanced clinical parameters in human cancer.
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Zhu Y, Wang J, Wang F, Yan Z, Liu G, Ma Y, Zhu W, Li Y, Xie L, Bazhin AV, Guo X. Differential MicroRNA Expression Profiles as Potential Biomarkers for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:575-582. [PMID: 31234772 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919050122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a clinical challenge due to its poor prognosis. Therefore, the early diagnosis of PDAC is extremely important for achieving a cure. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could serve as a potential biomarker for the early detection and prognosis of PDAC. In this work we analyzed plasma samples from healthy persons and PDAC patients to assess differential miRNA expression profiles by next generation sequencing technology and bioinformatics analysis. In this way, 165 mature miRNAs were found to be significantly deregulated in the patient group, of which 75 and 90 mature miRNAs were up- and down-regulated compared with healthy individuals, respectively. Furthermore, 1029 novel miRNAs were identified. In conclusion, plasma miRNA expression profiles are different between healthy individuals and patients with PDAC. These data provide a possibility for use of miRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhu
- Department of Oncology, International Joint Laboratory for Cell Medical Engineering of Henan Province, Henan University Huaihe Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, 475000, P. R. China.
| | - J Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450014, P. R. China.
| | - F Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - Z Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - G Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450014, P. R. China
| | - Y Ma
- College of Pharmacy and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin, 300353, P. R. China.
| | - W Zhu
- Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Y Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - L Xie
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China
| | - A V Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, 81377, Germany.
| | - X Guo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Medical School, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, P. R. China.
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Current Research Progress on Long Noncoding RNAs Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2019; 2019:1534607. [PMID: 31341758 PMCID: PMC6612982 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1534607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of mortality among cancers. It has been found that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many human cancers, including liver cancer. It has been identified that carcinogenic and tumor-suppressing lncRNAs are associated with complex processes in liver cancer. These lncRNAs may participate in a variety of pathological and biological activities, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis. Here, we review the regulation and function of lncRNA in liver cancer and evaluate the potential of lncRNA as a new goal for liver cancer.
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LncRNAs with miRNAs in regulation of gastric, liver, and colorectal cancers: updates in recent years. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:4649-4677. [PMID: 31062053 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of RNAi molecule composed of hundreds to thousands of nucleotides. There are several major types of functional lncRNAs which participate in some important cellular pathways. LncRNA-RNA interaction controls mRNA translation and degradation or serves as a microRNA (miRNA) sponge for silencing. LncRNA-protein interaction regulates protein activity in transcriptional activation and silencing. LncRNA guide, decoy, and scaffold regulate transcription regulators of enhancer or repressor region of the coding genes for alteration of expression. LncRNA plays a role in cellular responses including the following activities: regulation of chromatin structural modification and gene expression for epigenetic and cell function control, promotion of hematopoiesis and maturation of immunity, cell programming in stem cell and somatic cell development, modulation of pathogen infection, switching glycolysis and lipid metabolism, and initiation of autoimmune diseases. LncRNA, together with miRNA, are considered the critical elements in cancer development. It has been demonstrated that tumorigenesis could be driven by homeostatic imbalance of lncRNA/miRNA/cancer regulatory factors resulting in biochemical and physiological alterations inside the cells. Cancer-driven lncRNAs with other cellular RNAs, epigenetic modulators, or protein effectors may change gene expression level and affect the viability, immortality, and motility of the cells that facilitate cancer cell cycle rearrangement, angiogenesis, proliferation, and metastasis. Molecular medicine will be the future trend for development. LncRNA/miRNA could be one of the potential candidates in this category. Continuous studies in lncRNA functional discrepancy between cancer cells and normal cells and regional and rational genetic differences of lncRNA profiles are critical for clinical research which is beneficial for clinical practice.
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Li P, Xiao Z, Luo J, Zhang Y, Lin L. MiR-139-5p, miR-940 and miR-193a-5p inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting SPOCK1. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2475-2488. [PMID: 30710422 PMCID: PMC6433657 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was aimed to screen out miRNAs with differential expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to explore the influence of the expressions of these miRNAs and their target gene on HCC cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. MiRNAs with differential expression in HCC were screened out by microarray analysis. The common target gene of these miRNAs (miR‐139‐5p, miR‐940 and miR‐193a‐5p) was screened out by analysing the target genes profile (acquired from Targetscan) of the three miRNAs. Expression levels of miRNAs and SPOCK1 were determined by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The target relationships were verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA pull‐down assay. Through 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)‐2,5‐diphenyl‐2‐H‐tetrazolium bromide,thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and transwell assays and flow cytometry, HCC cell viability, invasion and apoptosis were determined. In vivo experiment was conducted in nude mice to investigate the influence of three miRNAs on tumour growth. Down‐regulation of miR‐139‐5p, miR‐940 and miR‐193a‐5p was found in HCC. Overexpression of these miRNAs suppressed HCC cell viability and invasion, promoted apoptosis and inhibited tumour growth. SPOCK1, the common target gene of miR‐139‐5p, miR‐940 and miR‐193a‐5p, was overexpressed in HCC. SPOCK1 overexpression promoted proliferation and invasion, and restrained apoptosis of HCC cells. MiR‐139‐5p, miR‐940 and miR‐193a‐5p inhibited HCC development through targeting SPOCK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiwei Xiao
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaojun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lizhu Lin
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Han T, Wu N, Wang Y, Shen W, Zou J. miR‑16‑2‑3p inhibits cell proliferation and migration and induces apoptosis by targeting PDPK1 in maxillary primordium mesenchymal cells. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:1441-1451. [PMID: 30664182 PMCID: PMC6365086 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by targeting the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of target genes, and serve diverse roles in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. However, the association between miR-16-2-3p and 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDPK1) in nonsyndromic cleft lip (NSCL) remains unclear. In the present study, a luciferase activity assay indicated that miR-16-2-3p negatively regulated PDPK1 in maxillary primordium mesenchymal cells (MPMCs). In addition, it was confirmed that the expression levels of miR-16-2-3p was markedly increased in cleft lip tissues compared with those in adjacent normal lip tissues. A negative correlation between miR-16-2-3p and PDPK1 in cleft lip tissues was observed. Furthermore, miR-16-2-3p inhibited cell proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis of MPMCs via repressing PDPK1. Finally, miR-16-2-3p exerted its suppressive role in MPMCs by inhibiting the PDPK1/protein kinase B signaling pathway. These results indicate that miR-16-2-3p may inhibit cell proliferation and migration, and promote apoptosis in MPMCs through repression of PDPK1 and may be a potential target for future clinical prevention and treatment of NSCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Han
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Ni Wu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Youjing Wang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Shen
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Jijun Zou
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
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Dinescu S, Ignat S, Lazar AD, Constantin C, Neagu M, Costache M. Epitranscriptomic Signatures in lncRNAs and Their Possible Roles in Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10010052. [PMID: 30654440 PMCID: PMC6356509 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the amazing exponential growth in knowledge related to long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in cell homeostasis or dysregulated pathological states, little is known so far about the links between the chemical modifications occurring in lncRNAs and their function. Generally, ncRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, but RNA modifications occurring in lncRNAs generate an additional layer of gene expression control. Chemical modifications that have been reported in correlation with lncRNAs include m⁶A, m⁵C and pseudouridylation. Up to date, several chemically modified long non-coding transcripts have been identified and associated with different pathologies, including cancers. This review presents the current level of knowledge on the most studied cancer-related lncRNAs, such as the metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), the Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), or the X-inactive specific transcript (XIST), as well as more recently discovered forms, and their potential roles in different types of cancer. Understanding how these RNA modifications occur, and the correlation between lncRNA changes in structure and function, may open up new therapeutic possibilities in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Dinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Simona Ignat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Andreea Daniela Lazar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Marieta Costache
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
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Chen J, Yang X, Gong D, Cui Y, Hu J, Li H, Liu P, Li C, Cheng X, Liu L, Chen H, Zu X. Long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript as a prognostic factor in cancer patients: A meta-analysis based on retrospective studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14095. [PMID: 30653128 PMCID: PMC6370154 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Emerging evidence showed the long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA XIST) may play a crucial role in various cancers. However, its prognostic value in cancer patients remains controversial. Therefore, we performed an in-depth meta-analysis to investigate the potential clinical value of lncRNA XIST as a prognostic marker for cancer patients. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed from PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Central Search Library by January 2018. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (95% Cl) were calculated to evaluate the prognosis as well as clinicopathological parameters of XIST, respectively. RESULTS A total of 18 retrospective studies with 1351 cancer patients were included. Current meta-analysis revealed that elevated lncRNA XIST expression was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.26-3.64; P = .005) and disease free survival (DFS) (HR = 4.52, 95% CI = 1.42-14.37; P = .011). The clinicopathological parameters analysis demonstrated that increased XIST expression was significantly associated with tumor size (OR = 2.93, 95% CI = 2.24-3.84; P < .001), clinical stage (OR = 2.73, 95% CI = 1.62-4.58; P < .001) and lymph node metastasis (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.74-3.42; P < .001). In addition, subgroup analysis based on cancer type revealed that lncRNA XIST expression correlated with distant metastasis in digestive cancer (OR = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.80-4.68; P < .001). CONCLUSION The current meta-analysis results indicated lncRNA XIST expression level could serve as a prognostic predictor and biomarker in multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Xiong Yang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
| | - Dongkui Gong
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine in Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Cui
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Jiao Hu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Huihuang Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Peihua Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Longfei Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Hequn Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha
| | - Xiongbing Zu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha
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Zhou T, Qin G, Yang L, Xiang D, Li S. LncRNA XIST regulates myocardial infarction by targeting miR-130a-3p. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8659-8667. [PMID: 29226319 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The study was used to probe long noncoding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA XIST) RNA expression profile and its influence on cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis in myocardial cells. We also aimed to explore the possible meditating relationship between XIST, PDE4D, and miR-130a-3p. Gene differential analysis was carried out using human lncRNA Microarray V3.0. quantitative real-time PCR was used to test mRNA expressions of XIST, miR-130a-3p, and PDE4D in normal cells and postmyocardial infarction (MI) cells. Western blot was applied to determine the protein expression profile of PED4D. Changes in viability and cell cycle/apoptosis of post-MI myocardial cells after silencing of XIST or PDE4D were investigated by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The targeting relationship between miR-130a-3p and XIST, PDE4D in myocardial cells were verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. Simulated MI environment was constructed by performing anoxic preconditioning in normal cells to probe the influence of XIST on myocardial cell apoptosis. XIST and PDE4D were overexpressed in post-MI myocardial cells, whereas miR-130a-3p was underexpressed in post-MI myocardial cells. High-expressed XIST and PDE4D both promoted myocardial cell apoptosis. High-expressed XIST also inhibited myocardial cell proliferation. XIST-downregulated miR-130a-3p and PDE4D was a direct target of miR-130a-3p. LncRNA XIST promotes MI by targeting miR-130a-3p. MI induced by PDE4D can be reversed by miR-130a-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Guowei Qin
- Department of Electrocardiogram, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liehong Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Daokang Xiang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Suining Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Lin XQ, Huang ZM, Chen X, Wu F, Wu W. XIST Induced by JPX Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Sponging miR-155-5p. Yonsei Med J 2018; 59:816-826. [PMID: 30091314 PMCID: PMC6082978 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.7.816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The influence of X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) and X-chromosome inactivation associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) just proximal to XIST (JPX) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains controversial in light of previous reports, which the present study aimed to verify. MATERIALS AND METHODS The DIANA lncRNA-microRNA (miRNA) interaction database was used to explore miRNA interactions with JPX or XIST. JPX, XIST, and miR-155-5p expression levels in paired HCC specimens and adjacent normal tissue were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Interaction between XIST and miR-155-5p was verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. Expression levels of miR-155-5p and its known target genes, SOX6 and PTEN, were verified by RT-qPCR and Western blot in HepG2 cells with or without XIST knock-in. The potential suppressive role of XIST and JPX on HCC was verified by cell functional assays and tumor formation assay using a xenograft model. RESULTS JPX and XIST expression was significantly decreased in HCC pathologic specimens, compared to adjacent tissue, which correlated with HCC progression and increased miR-155-5p expression. Dual luciferase reporter assay revealed XIST as a direct target of miR-155-5p. XIST knock-in significantly reduced miR-155-5p expression level and increased that of SOX6 and PTEN, while significantly inhibiting HepG2 cell growth in vitro, which was partially reversed by miR-155-5p mimic transfection. JPX knock-in significantly increased XIST expression and inhibited HepG2 cell growth in vitro or tumor formation in vivo in a XIST dependent manner. CONCLUSION JPX and XIST play a suppressive role in HCC. JPX increases expression levels of XIST in HCC cells, which suppresses HCC development by sponging the cancer promoting miR-155-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu Qing Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhi Ming Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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