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Calumba KFA, Castro MMC, Delima AGD, Loquias MP, Bayogan ERV, Alviola PA. Association between nutrient intake from vegetables and BMI category of in-school adolescents in urban and rural areas in Davao City, Philippines. DIALOGUES IN HEALTH 2023; 2:100116. [PMID: 38515469 PMCID: PMC10953906 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Consumption of vegetables may contribute to alleviating the double burden of malnutrition, which is widespread among adolescents. However, the link between specific nutrient intakes from vegetables and the body mass index (BMI) of in-school adolescents is not widely studied. This study determined the association between the nutrient intakes from the vegetables consumed and the BMI category of in-school adolescents in urban and rural areas in Davao City, Philippines. Self-reported vegetable consumption was collected from the respondents, and the corresponding nutrient intakes were calculated using the USDA food composition tables. The BMI of the participating adolescents was also measured. The results show that being underweight or overweight is generally associated with lower macronutrient and micronutrient intakes from the vegetables consumed, namely, bell pepper, bitter gourd, cabbage, carrot, chayote, Chinese cabbage, cucumber, eggplant, Malabar spinach, moringa, mung bean, okra, potato, sponge gourd, squash, string beans, sweet potato, sweet potato tops, taro, tomato, water spinach (P < 0.05). The nutrient intakes from vegetables consumed by adolescents from urban households were generally higher. The findings highlight the contribution of vegetables to the nutrient intakes in the adolescent population. This study reinforces the need for targeted dietary guidelines and further promotion of vegetables, especially indigenous ones, to improve the nutritional status of adolescents in the Philippines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriza Faye A. Calumba
- Department of Food Science and Chemistry, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Philippines
| | | | - Aileen Grace D. Delima
- Department of Biological Sciences and Environmental Studies, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Philippines
| | - Melissa P. Loquias
- School of Management, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Philippines
| | - Emma Ruth V. Bayogan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Environmental Studies, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Philippines
| | - Pedro A. Alviola
- School of Management, University of the Philippines Mindanao, Philippines
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Russo L, Montagnani E, Pietrantuono D, D’Angona F, Fratini T, Di Giminiani R, Palermi S, Ceccarini F, Migliaccio GM, Lupu E, Padulo J. Self-Myofascial Release of the Foot Plantar Surface: The Effects of a Single Exercise Session on the Posterior Muscular Chain Flexibility after One Hour. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:974. [PMID: 36673731 PMCID: PMC9858880 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of a single exercise session of Self-Myofascial Release (SMR) on the posterior muscular chain flexibility after one hour from the intervention. Thirty-six participants performed SMR using a rigid ball under the surface of both feet. Participants were tested with the Sit and Reach (S&R) test at four different times: before (T0), immediately after (T1), 30 (T2), and 60 (T3) minutes after the SMR intervention. The sample (n = 36) was categorized into three groups: (1) flexible, (2) average, and (3) stiff, based on the flexibility level at T0 (S&R values of >10 cm, >0 but <10 cm and <0 cm, respectively). For the whole sample, we detected significant improvements in the S&R test between the T1, T2, and T3 compared to T0. The stiff group showed a significant (p < 0.05) improvement between T1−T2 and T1−T3. Results were similar between the average group and the whole sample. The flexible group did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05) over time. In conclusion, this investigation demonstrated that an SMR session of both feet was able to increase posterior muscular chain flexibility up to one hour after intervention. Considering that a standard training session generally lasts one hour, our study can help professionals take advantage of SMR effects for the entire training period. Furthermore, our results also demonstrate that physical exercise practitioners should also assess individuals’ flexibility before training, as the SMR procedure used in this work does not seem necessary in flexible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Russo
- Department of Human Sciences, Università Telematica degli Studi IUL, 50122 Florence, Italy
| | - Eleonora Montagnani
- Department of Sports and Health Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4AT, UK
| | - Davide Pietrantuono
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Fabiola D’Angona
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Tommaso Fratini
- Department of Human Sciences, Università Telematica degli Studi IUL, 50122 Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Di Giminiani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Stefano Palermi
- Public Health Department, University of Naples Federico II, 80132 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Ceccarini
- Department of Psychology, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Elena Lupu
- Department of Motor Activities, Petroleum Gas University Ploiesti, 100600 Ploiesti, Romania
| | - Johnny Padulo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Sagat P, Štefan L, Petrić V, Štemberger V, Blažević I. Normative values of cardiorespiratory fitness in Croatian children and adolescents. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284410. [PMID: 37093827 PMCID: PMC10124836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although defining normative values of cardiorespiratory fitness have been the topic of many Western societies, little evidence has been provided for less developed countries like Croatia. Since cardiorespiratory fitness rapidly declines in Croatian children and adolescents, the newly established normative values would help health-related professionals and physical education teachers to detect 'talented' groups and direct them towards sport and 'risky' groups for planning special interventions. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to determine normative reference values of cardiorespiratory fitness. A total of 1,612 children and adolescents aged 7-14 years (mean±SD; age 9.7±2.4 years; stature 151.0±17.6 cm; body mass 45.1±19.1 kg; 52.5% girls) participated in this cross-sectional study. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by the Maximal multistage 20-m shuttle run test and the performance was expressed as the number of stages. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was estimated by equations. Smoothed percentile curves were calculated. Boys outperformed girls in the maximal number of levels achieved after the 20-m shuttle run test and in the VO2max values at each age category. In boys, a gradually higher level of performance between ages 11 and 14 was observed, while in girls the values started to rise after the age of 8. Our study provides one of the first sex- and age-specific normative values for cardiorespiratory fitness assessed by the 20-m shuttle run test in Croatian children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sagat
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lovro Štefan
- Department of General and Applied Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Sport Motorics and Methodology in Kinanthropology, Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Educational Studies, Faculty of Teacher Education, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vilko Petrić
- Department of Educational Studies, Faculty of Teacher Education, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vesna Štemberger
- Department of Primary Teacher Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iva Blažević
- Department of Primary Teacher Education, Faculty of Educational Science, University of Pula, Pula, Croatia
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4
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Cagas JY, Mallari MFT, Torre BA, Kang MGD, Palad YY, Guisihan RM, Aurellado MI, Sanchez-Pituk C, Realin JGP, Sabado MLC, Ulanday MED, Baltasar JF, Maghanoy MLA, Ramos RAA, Santos RAB, Capio CM. Results from the Philippines' 2022 report card on physical activity for children and adolescents. J Exerc Sci Fit 2022; 20:382-390. [PMID: 36311171 PMCID: PMC9579405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective The 2022 Philippine Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents provides a comprehensive assessment of physical activity and other related behaviors, including the various factors and settings that influence these behaviors. It serves as an advocacy tool to increase awareness of the physical activity situation among children and young people in the country. This article describes the development and results of the first Philippine Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Adolescents. Methods Following a systematic process provided by the Active Healthy Kids Global Alliance, a team consisting of 25 sports and physical activity specialists identified and reviewed the best available nationally representative data related to physical activity indicators. These data were then used to inform the grades of the ten (10) physical activity indicators. Results Sufficient data were identified to assign grades to five (5) indicators: Overall Physical Activity (F), Active Transportation (D), Sedentary Behavior (B), School (C-), and Government (B). Insufficient data existed to assign grades to the remaining five (5) indicators: Organized Sport and Physical Activity, Active Play, Physical Fitness, Family and Peers, and Community and Environment. Conclusion Despite government policies related to physical activity in the country, the majority of children and adolescents in the Philippines do not meet the recommended amount of physical activity for health. More work is needed to improve the translation of these policies into measurable programs, highlighting the need to create better physical activity opportunities and develop national surveillance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Y. Cagas
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines,Corresponding author. College of Human Kinetics, cor. E. Jacinto and Magsaysay St., University of the Philippines Diliman, 1101 Quezon City, Philippines.
| | - Marla Frances T. Mallari
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Beatriz A. Torre
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Mary-Grace D.P. Kang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Allied Medical Professions, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - Yves Y. Palad
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Allied Medical Professions, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - Roselle M. Guisihan
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Allied Medical Professions, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - Maria Isabela Aurellado
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Chessa Sanchez-Pituk
- Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - John Guiller P. Realin
- Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - Marvin Luis C. Sabado
- Department of Physical Education, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Marie Eloisa D. Ulanday
- Department of Physical Education, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Jacqueline F. Baltasar
- Department of Physical Education, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila City, Philippines
| | - Mona Liza A. Maghanoy
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Ralph Andrew A. Ramos
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Revin Aaron B. Santos
- Department of Sports Science, College of Human Kinetics, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
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Yoo TK, Park SH, Park SJ, Lee JY. Impact of Sex on the Association between Flexibility and Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58060789. [PMID: 35744052 PMCID: PMC9229439 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Flexibility is one of the most important physical fitness parameters in the geriatric population. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a measure of systemic arterial stiffness. However, data on the association between flexibility and arterial stiffness in the older adult population are limited. Therefore, we aim to investigate this association by using the sit-and-reach test (SRT) and measuring baPWV. Materials and Methods: We reviewed data from the 2014-2015 Korean Institute of Sports Science Fitness Standards Project. Individuals older than 65 years with SRT and baPWV data were included. A generalized linear regression analysis was conducted to assess the association between flexibility and arterial stiffness. Multiple relevant confounding factors were adjusted. Results: A total of 615 individuals were included in the analysis. The mean age of the male and female participants was 71.44 ± 4.42 and 70.64 ± 4.13 years, respectively. The mean SRT result was 6.58 ± 9.97 and 18.04 ± 7.48 cm, respectively. After multivariable adjustment among the male participants, the higher SRT result tertiles were inversely associated with baPWV (β (95% confidence interval): 3.11-11.00 cm, -74.45 (-140.93, -8.55); ≥11.01 cm, -108.17 (-177.65, -38.70)) in comparison with the lowest tertile. The female participants did not show any significant correlation between the SRT result and baPWV. Conclusions: Our results suggest an inverse association between trunk flexibility and systemic arterial stiffness, expressed as the SRT result and baPWV, respectively, in older Korean men but no association in older Korean women. Sex differences might influence the association between flexibility and arterial stiffness in the older adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Kyung Yoo
- Department of Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center, Framingham, MA 01702, USA;
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Department of Sport Science, Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul 01794, Korea;
| | - Sae-Jong Park
- Department of Sport Science, Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul 01794, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-J.P.); (J.-Y.L.); Tel.: +82-2-970-9562 (S.-J.P.); +82-2-2001-2001 (J.-Y.L.)
| | - Jong-Young Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 03181, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-J.P.); (J.-Y.L.); Tel.: +82-2-970-9562 (S.-J.P.); +82-2-2001-2001 (J.-Y.L.)
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Cossio-Bolaños M, Vidal-Espinoza R, Albornoz CU, Fuentes-Lopez J, Sánchez-Macedo L, Andruske CL, Sulla-Torres J, Campos RG. Relationship between the body mass index and the ponderal index with physical fitness in adolescent students. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:231. [PMID: 35477352 PMCID: PMC9044647 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03296-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between the Body Mass Index (BMI) with physical fitness in children and adolescent populations from diverse regions are consistent. However, the relationship between the Ponderal Index (PI) with physical fitness, based on what is known to date, has not been examined in depth. The objective was to evaluate the relationships between BMI and PI with three physical fitness tests of students living at moderate altitudes in Peru. Methods A descriptive correlational study was carried out with 385 adolescents, between the ages of 10.0 to 15.9 years old, from the province of Arequipa, Peru. Weight, height, and three physical fitness tests (horizontal jump, agility, and abdominal muscle resistance) were evaluated. BMI and PI were calculated, and they were, then, categorized into three strata (low, normal, and excessive weight). Specific regressions were calculated for sex, using a non-lineal quadratic model for each item adjusted for BMI and PI. Results The relationship between BMI and PI with the physical tests reflected parabolic curves that varied in both sexes. The regression values for BMI in males oscillated between R2 = 0.029 and 0.073 and for females between R2 = 0.008 and 0.091. For PI, for males, it varied from R2 = 0.044 to 0.82 and for females, from R2 = 0.011 to 0.103. No differences occurred between the three nutritional categories for BMI as well as for PI for both sexes (p range between 0.18 to 0.38), as well as for low weight (BMI vs PI), normal weight (BMI vs PI), and excessive weight (BMI vs PI) (p range between 0.35 to 0.64). Conclusions BMI showed inferior quadratic regressions with respect to the PI. In addition, physical performance was slightly unfavorable when it was analyzed by BMI. PI could be a useful tool for analyzing and predicting physical fitness for adolescents living at a moderate altitude since it corrects for the notable differences for weight between adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cossio-Bolaños
- Departamento de Ciencias de La Actividad Física, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Camilo Urra Albornoz
- Escuela de Ciencias del Deporte Y Actividad Física, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Talca, Chile
| | - José Fuentes-Lopez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de La Educación (IICE), Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, Puno, Perú
| | - Lucila Sánchez-Macedo
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de La Educación (IICE), Universidad Nacional del Altiplano de Puno, Puno, Perú
| | | | | | - Rossana Gómez Campos
- Departamento de Diversidad E Inclusividad Educativa, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
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Liu Y, Yin X, Zhang F, Li Y, Bi C, Sun Y, Li M, Zhang T. Relationship between waist circumference and cardiorespiratory fitness in Chinese children and adolescents: Results from a cross-sectional survey. J Exerc Sci Fit 2021; 20:1-8. [PMID: 34868324 PMCID: PMC8605195 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This article assessed the relationship between waist circumference (WC) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of children and adolescents aged 7–18 years. Methods Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, 92,574 children and adolescents (47,364 males and 45,210 females) were extracted. CRF was measured by performance in the 20 m shuttle run test (20mSRT) and the subsequent estimation of maximal oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) using the Léger equations. Participants were divided into five groups of WC percentiles and three groups of CRF percentiles by the Lambda Mu Sigma (LMS). The correlation between WC and CRF was examined by one-way ANOVA and curvilinear regression analysis. Results WC increased with age, while V˙O2max showed an age-related decline. Controlling for gender, urban, and rural factors, for children and adolescents aged 10–12, 13–15, and 16–18 years, the V˙O2max Z-score of the normal WC group was significantly higher than the very low WC group (P < 0.05). Controlling for gender, urban, and rural factors, for participants aged 7–18 years, the V˙O2max Z-score of the normal WC group was significantly higher than the high WC group and the very high WC group (P < 0.05). Conclusions It generally shows a “parabolic” trend between WC-Z and V˙O2max-Z. The CRF among children and adolescents in the normal WC group is significantly higher than that in the low and the high WC groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, 201418, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yuqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Cunjian Bi
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of the Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.,College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
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Zvonar M, Kasović M, Štefan L. Anthropometric Indices and Some Aspects of Physical Fitness in Croatian Adolescents by Gender. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16142582. [PMID: 31331028 PMCID: PMC6678785 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16142582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background. The main purpose of this study was to explore the body-mass index and waist circumference associated with physical fitness by gender. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, we included 1036 adolescents (55.4% girls) from eight randomly selected secondary schools within the city of Zagreb (Croatia). Body-mass index and waist circumference were objectively measured. Physical fitness included three tests: (1) 1 min sit-ups, (2) standing long jump and (3) a sit-and-reach test. Associations were calculated using linear regression models. Results. Boys had higher body-mass index and waist circumference values, compared to girls (p < 0.001). They also performed better in 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump tests (p < 0.001), while girls obtained higher values in the sit-and-reach test (p < 0.001). In boys, body-mass index and waist circumference were associated with 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump. In girls, waist circumference was also associated with 1 min sit-ups and the standing long jump, while body-mass index was only associated with this standing long jump. Conclusions. Our study shows that anthropometric indices have non-linear associations with physical fitness tests in a large sample of Croatian adolescents. Screening for thinness and obesity to predict the level of physical fitness should be of a great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zvonar
- Faculty of Sport Studies, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mario Kasović
- Faculty of Sport Studies, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of General and Applied Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lovro Štefan
- Department of General and Applied Kinesiology, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, Horvaćanski zavoj 15, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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9
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Kwieciński J, Konarski JM, Strzelczyk R, Krzykała M, Konarska A, Bartkowiak S, Lopes V, Malina RM. Non-linear relationships between the BMI and physical fitness in Polish adolescents. Ann Hum Biol 2018; 45:406-413. [DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2018.1494306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan M. Konarski
- Theory of Sports Department, University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ryszard Strzelczyk
- Theory of Sports Department, University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krzykała
- Department of Recreation, University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Agata Konarska
- Stanisław Staszic University of Applied Science, Pila, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bartkowiak
- Theory of Sports Department, University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Vitor Lopes
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), and Sport Science Department, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Robert M. Malina
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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10
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Lopes VP, Malina RM, Maia JAR, Rodrigues LP. Body mass index and motor coordination: Non-linear relationships in children 6-10 years. Child Care Health Dev 2018; 44:443-451. [PMID: 29417602 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the concern for health-related consequences of an elevated body mass index (BMI; obesity), the potential consequences of a low BMI in children are often overlooked. The purpose was to evaluate the relationship between the BMI across its entire spectrum and motor coordination (MC) in children 6-10 years. METHODS Height, weight, and MC (Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder, KTK test battery) were measured in 1,912 boys and 1,826 girls of 6-10 years of age. BMI (kg/m2 ) was calculated. KTK scores for each of the four tests were also converted to a motor quotient (MQ). One-way ANOVA was used to test differences in the BMI, individual test items, and MQ among boys and girls within age groups. Sex-specific quadratic regressions of individual KTK items and the MQ on the BMI were calculated. Girls and boys were also classified into four weight status groups using International Obesity Task Force criteria: thin, normal, overweight, and obese. Differences in specific test items and MQ between weight status groups were evaluated by age group in each sex. RESULTS Thirty-one percent of the sample was overweight or obese, whereas 5% was thin. On average, normal weight children had the highest MQ in both sexes across the age range with few exceptions. Overweight/obese children had a lower MQ than normal weight and thin children. The quadratic regression lines generally presented an inverted parabolic relationship between the BMI and MC and suggested a decrease in MC with an increase in the BMI. CONCLUSION In general, BMI shows a curvilinear, inverted parabolic relationship with MC in children 6-10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Lopes
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Sport Science Department of Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - R M Malina
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, US
| | - J A R Maia
- Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - L P Rodrigues
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer de Melgaço, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, and CIDESD, Viana do Castelo, Portugal
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Timóteo RP, Silva AF, Micheli DC, Candido Murta EF, Freire M, Teodoro RB, Lima FM, Martins Tavares Murta B, Bertoncello D. Increased flexibility, pain reduction and unaltered levels of IL-10 and CD11b + lymphocytes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were associated with kinesiotherapy. Lupus 2018; 27:1159-1168. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203318768880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The effect of physical activity on the immune system is still poorly understood in cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Therefore, our aim was to investigate differences in the serum levels of cytokines (IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α) and the numbers of CD11b + and CXCR2 + neutrophils and lymphocytes in women with SLE undergoing drug treatment, without ( n = 9) or with ( n = 5) 4 months of kinesiotherapy. Parameters related to functional capacity were also analyzed. In the case of the patients who were not submitted to kinesiotherapy, there were reductions in the levels of IL-5, IL-6 and IL-10, and an increase in the number of CD11b + leukocytes, in addition to an increase in abdominal circumference after the monitoring time. Patients submitted to kinesiotherapy did not present changes in serum cytokines or in the numbers of CD11b + and CXCR2 + neutrophils and lymphocytes, but there were increases of flexibility and strength, as well as a reduction in pain sensation after the monitoring time. In conclusion, kinesiotherapy was able to increase flexibility and reduce pain in SLE patients without influencing immune parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pessato Timóteo
- Discipline of Special Pathology, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - A Ferreira Silva
- Department of Applied Physical Therapy, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - D Côbo Micheli
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Physiology, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - E F Candido Murta
- Research Institute of Oncology (IPON)/Discipline of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - M Freire
- Discipline of Rheumatology, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - R Botelho Teodoro
- Discipline of Rheumatology, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - F M Lima
- Department of Applied Physical Therapy, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - B Martins Tavares Murta
- Department of Biochemistry, Pharmacology and Physiology, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - D Bertoncello
- Department of Applied Physical Therapy, Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
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Smith JJ, Eather N, Morgan PJ, Plotnikoff RC, Faigenbaum AD, Lubans DR. The health benefits of muscular fitness for children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med 2015; 44:1209-23. [PMID: 24788950 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-014-0196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 423] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical fitness during childhood and adolescence has been identified as an important determinant of current and future health status. While research has traditionally focused on the association between cardio-respiratory fitness and health outcomes, the association between muscular fitness (MF) and health status has recently received increased attention. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the potential physiological and psychological benefits associated with MF among children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic search of six electronic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, EMBASE, PsycINFO and OVID MEDLINE) was performed on the 20th May, 2013. Cross-sectional, longitudinal and experimental studies that quantitatively examined the association between MF and potential health benefits among children and adolescents were included. The search yielded 110 eligible studies, encompassing six health outcomes (i.e., adiposity, bone health, cardiovascular disease [CVD] and metabolic risk factors, musculoskeletal pain, psychological health and cognitive ability). The percentage of studies reporting statistically significant associations between MF and the outcome of interest was used to determine the strength of the evidence for an association and additional coding was conducted to account for risk of bias. Meta-analyses were also performed to determine the pooled effect size if there were at least three studies providing standardised coefficients. RESULTS Strong evidence was found for an inverse association between MF and total and central adiposity, and CVD and metabolic risk factors. The pooled effect size for the relationship between MF and adiposity was r = -0.25 (95% CI -0.41 to -0.08). Strong evidence was also found for a positive association between MF and bone health and self-esteem. The pooled effect size for the relationship between MF and perceived sports competence was r = 0.39 (95% CI 0.34-0.45). The evidence for an association between MF and musculoskeletal pain and cognitive ability was inconsistent/uncertain. Where evidence of an association was found, the associations were generally low to moderate. CONCLUSION The findings of this review highlight the importance of developing MF in youth for a number of health-related benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan J Smith
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Callaghan Campus, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,
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Grieve R, Goodwin F, Alfaki M, Bourton AJ, Jeffries C, Scott H. The immediate effect of bilateral self myofascial release on the plantar surface of the feet on hamstring and lumbar spine flexibility: A pilot randomised controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2014; 19:544-52. [PMID: 26118527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self myofascial release (SMR) via a tennis ball to the plantar aspect of the foot is widely used and advocated to increase flexibility and range of movement further along the posterior muscles of a proposed "anatomy train". To date there is no evidence to support the effect of bilateral SMR on the plantar aspect of the feet to increase hamstring and lumbar spine flexibility. AIM The primary aim was to investigate the immediate effect of a single application of SMR on the plantar aspect of the foot, on hamstring and lumbar spine flexibility. The secondary aim was to evaluate the method and propose improvements in future research. DESIGN A pilot single blind randomised control trial. PARTICIPANTS Twenty four healthy volunteers (8 men, 16 women; mean age 28 years ± 11.13). METHOD Participants underwent screening to exclude hypermobility and were randomly allocated to an intervention (SMR) or control group (no therapy). Baseline and post intervention flexibility was assessed by a sit-and-reach test (SRT). A one way between groups analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was conducted to compare between group outcome SRT measurements. Baseline pre-intervention and control SRT measurements were used as the covariate in the analysis. RESULTS There was a significant increase (p = 0.03) in the intervention SRT outcome measurements compared to the control group, with a large effect size. CONCLUSION An immediate clinical benefit of SMR on the flexibility of the hamstrings and lumbar spine was indicated and suggestions for methodological improvements may inform future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Grieve
- Department of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England (UWE), Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Bristol BS16 1DD, United Kingdom.
| | - Faye Goodwin
- Department of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England (UWE), Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Bristol BS16 1DD, United Kingdom
| | - Mostapha Alfaki
- Department of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England (UWE), Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Bristol BS16 1DD, United Kingdom
| | - Amey-Jay Bourton
- Department of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England (UWE), Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Bristol BS16 1DD, United Kingdom
| | - Caitlin Jeffries
- Department of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England (UWE), Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Bristol BS16 1DD, United Kingdom
| | - Harriet Scott
- Department of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of the West of England (UWE), Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Bristol BS16 1DD, United Kingdom
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