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Lee H, Park SY, Clark A, Debellut F, Pecenka C, Kim DS, Kim HM, Kim JH, Cho H, Kim AY, Lee M, Jung SY, Seong BL, Kang HY. Cost-effectiveness analysis of the implementation of a National Immunization Program for rotavirus vaccination in a country with a low rotavirus gastroenteritis-related mortality: A South Korean study. Vaccine 2019; 37:4987-4995. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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2
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Binns CW, Low WY. A Simple Solution That Saves Lives: Overcoming Diarrheal Disease in the Age of Universal Health Coverage. Asia Pac J Public Health 2018; 30:604-606. [DOI: 10.1177/1010539518809444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin W. Binns
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Wah Yun Low
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Emergence of Human G2P[4] Rotaviruses in the Post-vaccination Era in South Korea: Footprints of Multiple Interspecies Re-assortment Events. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6011. [PMID: 29662148 PMCID: PMC5902508 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24511-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
After the introduction of two global rotavirus vaccines, RotaTeq in 2007 and Rotarix in 2008 in South Korea, G1[P8] rotavirus was the major rotavirus genotype in the country until 2012. However, in this study, an emergence of G2P[4] as the dominant genotype during the 2013 to 2015 season has been reported. Genetic analysis revealed that these viruses had typical DS-1-like genotype constellation and showed evidence of re-assortment in one or more genome segments, including the incorporation of NSP4 genes from strains B-47/2008 from a cow and R4/Haryana/2007 from a buffalo in India, and the VP1 and VP3 genes from strain GO34/1999 from a goat in Bangladesh. Compared to the G2 RotaTeq vaccine strain, 17–24 amino acid changes, specifically A87T, D96N, S213D, and S242N substitutions in G2 epitopes, were observed. These results suggest that multiple interspecies re-assortment events might have contributed to the emergence of G2P[4] rotaviruses in the post-vaccination era in South Korea.
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Zuhair M, Roy RB. Socioeconomic Determinants of the Utilization of Antenatal Care and Child Vaccination in India. Asia Pac J Public Health 2018; 29:649-659. [PMID: 29237280 DOI: 10.1177/1010539517747071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Antenatal care and child vaccination services are adopted worldwide to reduce the risk of child mortality, maternal mortality, and burden of infectious diseases. This article examines the effect of socioeconomic factors on the utilization of antenatal care and child vaccination services in India. The generalized linear model has been used along with the Indian National Family Health Survey data for the period 2005-2006. The analysis shows that the health insurance plan has a significant effect on the use of antenatal care but not in the child vaccination. Furthermore, there is inequality in the utilization of antenatal care as well as child vaccination services and it is positively related to the wealth. The study suggests that there is a need to improve the socioeconomic status of the financially weaker section of the society for improving the use of child and maternal care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Zuhair
- 1 Rajendra Mishra School of Engineering Entrepreneurship, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
| | - Ram Babu Roy
- 1 Rajendra Mishra School of Engineering Entrepreneurship, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India
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Kim KY, Kim DS. Relationship between Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine and Intussusception: A Retrospective Study at a Single Center in Korea. Yonsei Med J 2017; 58:631-636. [PMID: 28332371 PMCID: PMC5368151 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2017.58.3.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite withdrawal of RotaShield® and the development of second generation live attenuated rotavirus vaccines, concerns remain regarding the relationship between rotavirus vaccine and intussusception. Nevertheless, since there is no study in Korea, we reviewed data from cases at Severance Children's Hospital to determine the association between rotavirus vaccine and intussusception. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients coded as intussusception and following a prescription of RotaTeq® from 2007 to 2013 were reviewed. We calculated comparative incidence figures (CIFs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to compare the risk of intussusception in Korea with the risk in the United States. Expected cases within the four-week post-vaccination window were calculated by applying rates of intussusception from data compiled by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (for a five-year period) to numbers of vaccinations. RESULTS In total, 10530 doses of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine were administered. A total of 65 intussusception cases were diagnosed, although only two cases occurred within four weeks after vaccination. This was compared to six cases within 999123 doses in United States from April 2008 to March 2013 (CIF, 31.63; CI, 31.33-31.93). When we adjusted incidence rate differences for both countries, the CIF decreased to 7.05 (CI, 6.72-7.40). When we compared our identified cases with the expected cases from our hospital, there was no increased intussusception occurring within four weeks of vaccination. CONCLUSION We found no association between pentavalent rotavirus vaccine and intussusception. Therefore, rotavirus vaccination should be considered due to its benefits of preventing rotavirus-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Yeun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Soo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Jiang X, Liu Y, Tan M. Histo-blood group antigens as receptors for rotavirus, new understanding on rotavirus epidemiology and vaccine strategy. Emerg Microbes Infect 2017; 6:e22. [PMID: 28400594 PMCID: PMC5457676 DOI: 10.1038/emi.2017.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The success of the two rotavirus (RV) vaccines (Rotarix and RotaTeq) in many countries endorses a live attenuated vaccine approach against RVs. However, the lower efficacies of both vaccines in many low- and middle-income countries indicate a need to improve the current RV vaccines. The recent discovery that RVs recognize histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) as potential receptors has significantly advanced our understanding of RV diversity, evolution and epidemiology, providing important new insights into the performances of current RV vaccines in different populations and emphasizing a P-type-based vaccine approach. New understanding of RV diversity and evolution also raises a fundamental question about the ‘Jennerian' approach, which needs to be addressed for future development of live attenuated RV vaccines. Alternative approaches to develop safer and more cost-effective subunit vaccines against RVs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jiang
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ming Tan
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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Jeong S, Than VT, Lim I, Kim W. Differentiation of RotaTeq ® vaccine strains from wild-type strains using NSP3 gene in reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. J Virol Methods 2016; 237:72-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Than VT, Jeong S, Kim W. A systematic review of genetic diversity of human rotavirus circulating in South Korea. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2014; 28:462-9. [PMID: 25218045 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2014.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rotavirus infections continue to be the leading cause of severe diarrhea in young Korean children. Rotavirus data acquired from uninterrupted surveillance studies between 1989 and 2009 in South Korea were analyzed to better understand the genetic diversity and evolution. The relationship between rotaviruses and the currently licensed rotavirus vaccine viruses was also examined. The most prevalent rotavirus strains, with genotype G1P[8], followed by G3P[8], G4P[6], and G2P[4], accounted for approximately 76.7% of the total identified strains, and more recently, rotavirus G9P[8] has significance increased to be the fifth most common genotype. Phylogenetic analyses underscored the heterogeneity between viral populations within each genotype, with different lineages and sub-lineages. Although the currently licensed rotavirus vaccines are effective, safe, and economical, additional data from rotavirus monitoring is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of these vaccines for their sustained use in South Korea. The present study provides comprehensive and up-to-date information regarding the epidemiology, genetic diversity, and evolution of the circulating rotaviruses in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thai Than
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunyoung Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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Rheingans R, Amaya M, Anderson JD, Chakraborty P, Atem J. Systematic review of the economic value of diarrheal vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2014; 10:1582-94. [PMID: 24861846 PMCID: PMC5396238 DOI: 10.4161/hv.29352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarrheal disease is a leading cause of child mortality in low-income settings and morbidity across a range of settings. A growing number of studies have addressed the economic value of new and emerging vaccines to reduce this threat. We conducted a systematic review to assess the economic value of diarrheal vaccines targeting a range of pathogens in different settings. The majority of studies focused on the economic value of rotavirus vaccines in different settings, with most of these concluding that vaccination would provide significant economic benefits across a range of vaccine prices. There is also evidence of the economic benefits of cholera vaccines in specific contexts. For other potential diarrheal vaccines data are limited and often hypothetical. Across all target pathogens and contexts, the evidence of economic value focuses the short-term health and economic gains. Additional information is needed on the broader social and long-term economic value of diarrhea vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Rheingans
- Department of Environmental and Global Health; Emerging Pathogens Institute; University of Florida; Gainesville, FL USA
- Department of Health Services Research, Management & Policy; College of Public Health and Health Professions; University of Florida; Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Mirna Amaya
- Department of Health Services Research, Management & Policy; College of Public Health and Health Professions; University of Florida; Gainesville, FL USA
| | - John D Anderson
- Department of Environmental and Global Health; Emerging Pathogens Institute; University of Florida; Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Poulomy Chakraborty
- Department of Environmental and Global Health; Emerging Pathogens Institute; University of Florida; Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Jacob Atem
- Department of Environmental and Global Health; Emerging Pathogens Institute; University of Florida; Gainesville, FL USA
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Than VT, Jeong S, Kim W. Characterization of RotaTeq® vaccine-derived rotaviruses in South Korean infants with rotavirus gastroenteritis. J Med Virol 2014; 87:112-6. [PMID: 24817171 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.23975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Genotyping of human rotaviruses was performed in 191 rotavirus-positive fecal samples collected from infants with acute gastroenteritis, 3 years after the introduction of two rotavirus vaccines in South Korea. Among these samples, the most prevalent rotavirus genotype was G3P[8] (30.9%), followed by G1P[8] (27.7%), G4P[6] (15.2%), and G9P[8] (5.8%). Sequence analysis identified RotaTeq® vaccine-derived strains in 12 samples (6.3%), comprising 11 G1P[8] human-bovine double reassortant rotaviruses and 1 G1P[5] human-bovine single reassortant rotavirus. It is of note that cross-reactivity between the current G4-specific typing primer and RotaTeq®-specific G1 genotypes was found. A trace of the clinical and environmental routes of the rotavirus vaccine strains revealed unexpected complexity, and the diagnostic protocol for rotaviruses may require modification by using either another typing primer set or nucleotide sequence analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thai Than
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
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Than VT, Kim W. Prevalence of rotavirus genotypes in South Korea in 1989-2009: implications for a nationwide rotavirus vaccine program. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2013; 56:465-73. [PMID: 24348658 PMCID: PMC3859878 DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2013.56.11.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The epidemiology of human group A rotavirus was analyzed by examining genotypic data acquired from 1989 to 2009 in South Korea. This information was derived from all the available published articles on rotavirus studies in South Korea, retrieved from both the PubMed and KoreaMed databases. Four common G types (G1, G2, G3, and G4) and three common P types (P[8], P[4], and P[6]) accounted for approximately 93% and 99% of the rotavirus reports, respectively. The G9 type was frequently detected after 2000, and because of this prevalence, it is considered to be the fifth most important G type rotavirus after the G1.G4 genotypes. Less common G types of the virus such as G12, G11, and G10 were detected in some geographic settings, and it is important to consider the context of these subtypes and their epidemiological significance. The P[9] virus genotype was observed in the study and has been discussed in many other studies; however, the P[3], P[10] and P[25] genotypes were rarely detected in the epidemiological research. In general, the distributions of the G and P genotypes showed temporal and geographical fluctuations, and a nationwide rotavirus vaccine program that targeted these genotypes demonstrated effectiveness in protecting against the circulating rotavirus strains. However, further analysis is needed to determine the true long-term effectiveness of these vaccines; the analysis should also consider the unexpected effects of vaccinations, such as vaccine-induced diseases, herd immunity, and changes in host susceptibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thai Than
- Department of Microbiology, Research Center for Medical Sciences, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonyong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Research Center for Medical Sciences, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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