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Roccabianca P, Dell'Aere S, Avallone G, Zamboni C, Bertazzolo W, Crippa L, Giudice C, Caniatti M, Affolter VK. Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma: Morphological, immunophenotypical and clonality assessment in six cats. Vet Dermatol 2024; 35:207-218. [PMID: 37904626 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary cutaneous lymphoma represents 0.2%-3% of all feline lymphomas, with nonepitheliotropic lymphomas being the most common. In humans and dogs, subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a primary nonepitheliotropic lymphoma with a T-cell phenotype developing in the subcutis and often mimicking inflammation. OBJECTIVE The aim of this report is to describe pathological, phenotypical and clonal features of SPTCL in cats. ANIMALS Six cats with SPTCL were included in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Skin biopsies were formalin-fixed, routinely processed and stained. Histological and immunohistochemical investigation for anti-CD18, CD204, CD79a, CD20, CD3, FeLVp27and FeLVgp70 and clonality assessment were performed. RESULTS Four male and two female domestic shorthair cats, mean age 11.2 years, developed SPTCL in the abdominal (three), inguinal (two) and thoracic (one) regions. Variably pleomorphic neoplastic lymphoid cells were present in the panniculus in percentages, expanding the septa (six of six) and extending into fat lobules in one of six cats. Tumours were associated with elevated numbers of neutrophils (five of six), lesser macrophages (six of six) and variable necrosis (six of six). Neoplastic cells expressed CD3+ (six of six), with clonal T-cell receptor rearrangement detected in five of six cats. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This is the first description of SPTCL in cats. Lesions can be confused with panniculitis, leading to delay in diagnosis and therapy. Awareness of this neoplastic disease is relevant to avoid misdiagnoses and to gain greater knowledge about the disease in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Roccabianca
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Silvia Dell'Aere
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Avallone
- DIMEVET, Università Degli Studi di Bologna, Grugliasco (BO), Emilia Romagna, Italy
| | - Clarissa Zamboni
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | | | - Luca Crippa
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza (MB), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Chiara Giudice
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Mario Caniatti
- DIVAS, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Lodi (LO), Lombardia, Italy
| | - Verena K Affolter
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Fonti N, Parisi F, Aytaş Ç, Degl’Innocenti S, Cantile C. Neuropathology of Central and Peripheral Nervous System Lymphoma in Dogs and Cats: A Study of 92 Cases and Review of the Literature. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13050862. [PMID: 36899719 PMCID: PMC10000237 DOI: 10.3390/ani13050862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The literature about nervous system lymphoma (NSL) in dogs and cats is fragmentary, based on a few case series and case reports with heterogeneous results. The aim of our study was to retrospectively analyze 45 cases of canine and 47 cases of feline NSL and compare our results with previously reported data, also providing an extensive literature review. Breed, age, gender, clinical signs, type, and neurolocalization were recorded for each case. The pathological patterns and phenotype were assessed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. The occurrence of central and peripheral NSL was similar between the two species in both primary and secondary types. NSL occurred with a slightly higher prevalence in Labrador Retrievers, and spinal cord lymphoma (SCL) was associated with young age in cats. The most frequent locations were the forebrain in dogs and the thoracolumbar segment in cats. Primary central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) in cats most frequently involved the forebrain meninges, particularly as a B-cell phenotype. Peripheral NSL mostly affected the sciatic nerve in dogs and had no preferred location in cats. Nine different pathological patterns were identified, with extradural as the most prevalent SCL pattern in both species. Finally, lymphomatosis cerebri was described for the first time in a dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Fonti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Parisi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Çağla Aytaş
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Degl’Innocenti
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Carlo Cantile
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Viale delle Piagge n. 2, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-2216894
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Mandara MT, Domini A, Giglia G. Feline lymphoma of the nervous system. Immunophenotype and anatomical patterns in 24 cases. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:959466. [PMID: 36157173 PMCID: PMC9493125 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.959466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the specific localization and anatomical pattern of 24 feline lymphomas of the nervous system for which the immunophenotype was identified by immunohistochemistry investigations to support the potential specific correlation between subtypes and anatomical patterns. In total 10 tumors affected the spinal cord, eight the brain, four the peripheral nerves, one involved both the brain and the spinal cord, and one simultaneously the brain and the optic nerves. Twenty two tumors were primary lymphomas. The affected animals were 8 years of mean age. Tumors developed as an extra-axial mass (11 cases), intra-axial mass (six cases), leptomeningeal lymphomatosis (three cases), and neurolymphomatosis (five cases). One of them expressed both leptomeningeal lymphomatosis and neurolymphomatosis patterns. Two intra-axial brain lymphomas showed an angiotropic pattern. The optic chiasm was the most involved site for neurolymphomatosis. Immunolabeling was performed using anti-CD3, CD20, CD79a, PAX5, MUM-1, CD56, and anti-CD44 antibodies. In total, 12 tumors consisted of B cell lymphomas, and six of T cell lymphomas, two cases were double-reactive lymphomas while two cases consisted of non-B non-T lymphomas. B cell lymphoma affected animals of 6.4 years of mean age, while the T cell lymphoma affected older animals (mean age of 11.1 years). Extra-axial tumors mainly consisted of B cell lymphomas (8/11). Neurolymphomatosis expressed different immunophenotypes, and the B cell phenotype was the most prevalent in the optic chiasm. Two leptomeningeal lymphomatoses expressed T cell immunophenotype. For the first time, plasmacytoid differentiation was found for angiotropic lymphoma and neurolymphomatosis. All the cases, except one, were CD56-negative. CD44-expression confirmed a common malignant potential for all the anatomical patterns of the nervous system lymphoma in cats. Immunophenotype of feline lymphoma of the nervous system and its potential association with specific anatomical patterns should be strongly required in the diagnostic workup and clinical approach to this tumor especially when its primary origin is confirmed.
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Mason S, Pittaway C. Feline lymphoma: diagnosis, staging and clinical presentations. IN PRACTICE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/inpr.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sadeghinezhad J, Aghabalazadeh Asl M, Saeidi A, De Silva M. Morphometrical study of the cat cerebellum using unbiased design‐based stereology. Anat Histol Embryol 2020; 49:788-797. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sadeghinezhad
- Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Mahdi Aghabalazadeh Asl
- Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Ava Saeidi
- Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Margherita De Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences (UNI EN ISO 9001:2008) University of Bologna Bologna Italy
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Carminato A, Tecilla M, Roccabianca P, Zanardello C, Melchiotti E, Capello K, Vascellari M. CD30 Cross-Reactivity and Expression in Feline Normal Tissues and Lymphomas. Vet Pathol 2019; 57:49-55. [PMID: 31640480 DOI: 10.1177/0300985819875745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CD30 is a transmembrane glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily included in the diagnostic algorithm of human cutaneous, anaplastic large cell and Hodgkin lymphomas and represents an optimal therapeutic target for CD30+ tumors. Similar diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are largely missing for feline lymphomas. Cross-reactivity of the antihuman CD30 receptor clone Ber-H2 was investigated in feline lymphomas. Comparative analysis of feline and human CD30 identified 61% identity of the amino acid sequence, with 100% identity of the main sequence of the epitope targeted by the antibody (RKQCEPDYYL). CD30 expression in normal feline tissues was restricted to rare lymphoid cells in perifollicular and interfollicular lymph node areas and in the thymic medulla. In feline lymphoma, CD30 was expressed in 4 of 33 (13%) T-cell lymphomas, 3 of 22 (14%) B-cell lymphomas, and 5 of 7 (71%) mixed-cell lymphomas, showing diffuse (1/5) or multifocal (4/5) positivity restricted to neoplastic multinucleated lymphoid cells and binucleated cells consistent with Reed-Sternberg-like cells. Based on the human classification system, cell morphology, expression of multiple markers (mixed cell components), and CD30 positivity, these cases were considered most consistent with classical Hodgkin-like lymphoma (HLL). The other 2 mixed-cell lymphomas were CD30 negative and thus most consistent with either T-cell-rich large B-cell lymphoma (TCRLBCL) or nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL). These findings provide multiple data supporting the cross-reactivity of the Ber-H2 anti-CD30 clone in feline tissues and give evidence of the usefulness of CD30 in the diagnostic evaluation of feline lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Carminato
- Department of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudia Zanardello
- Department of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Erica Melchiotti
- Department of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Katia Capello
- Department of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Marta Vascellari
- Department of Histopathology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
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Pardo AP, Gómez MA, González CM. Cerebellar cortical degeneration associated with feline leukemia virus infection and cerebellar lymphoma in a young cat. Open Vet J 2019; 9:246-252. [PMID: 31998618 PMCID: PMC6794398 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v9i3.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cerebellar cortical degeneration (CCD) is the premature death of cerebellar neurons of heterogeneous etiology that is uncommonly observed as a neurological complication of certain neoplasia. Case Description: Here, we report an 8-month-old male domestic cat with altered consciousness, symmetric ataxia, hypermetric gait, vertical positional nystagmus, mydriasis, strabismus, intention tremor of the head, and increased patellar reflexes. Neuroanatomical diagnosis suggested a multifocal brain dysfunction (cerebellar and cerebral). The cat tested seropositive for feline leukemia virus. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis indicated mononuclear and neutrophilic pleocytosis. Contrast computed tomography imaging revealed multiple hypodense heterogeneous areas in both cerebral hemispheres, mild ventriculomegaly at the level of the caudal fossa, and a circular sharply marginated, homogeneously hyperdense mass occupying the right cerebellar hemisphere. Postmortem study indicated a 1.1 × 1.3 × 1.2 cm mass in the right cerebellar hemisphere close to the vermis. Histopathological analysis showed diffuse and severe Purkinje cell loss with a decrease in granular cell density and moderate gliosis compatible with CCD. Further, numerous neoplastic lymphoid cells were observed in the infiltrated mass, consistent with a diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. Immunohistochemistry showed CD20 expression, indicative of a B-cell immunophenotype. In humans, CCD is reported as a rare paraneoplastic syndrome in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. CNS lymphoma and/or Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) infection were both considered as a possible cause of CCD in this case. Conclusion: This is the first described case of possible paraneoplastic cerebellar cortical degeneration associated with CNS lymphoma and/or FeLV infection in a domestic cat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo A Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Carlos M González
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Hirabayashi M, Chambers JK, Sugawara M, Ohmi A, Tsujimoto H, Nakayama H, Uchida K. Blastic natural killer cell lymphoma/leukaemia in a cat. JFMS Open Rep 2019; 5:2055116919863080. [PMID: 31321069 PMCID: PMC6628536 DOI: 10.1177/2055116919863080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Case summary A 7-year-old mixed-breed cat presented with subcutaneous oedema and erythema
extending from the right axilla to the abdomen. Fine-needle aspiration of
the subcutaneous lesion revealed large, atypical, round cells. A clonality
analysis for the T-cell receptor-gamma and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes
showed no clonal rearrangement. The presumed diagnosis was lymphoma and the
cat was treated with prednisolone and L-asparaginase but died 78 days after
initial treatment. At necropsy, an oedematous subcutaneous mass in the right
axilla, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy of the mediastinum
and left axilla were observed. Histopathological examination revealed
diffuse infiltration of large atypical round cells in the subcutaneous mass,
liver, spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow. Immunohistochemically, the
tumour cells were strongly positive for CD56, and negative for CD3, CD20,
CD79a, CD57, granzyme B and perforin. Based on these findings, the cat was
diagnosed with blastic natural killer (NK) cell lymphoma/leukaemia. Relevance and novel information Here, we report the pathological and clinical findings of NK cell
lymphoma/leukaemia in a cat. The antibody for human CD56, a diagnostic
marker for human NK cell neoplasms, showed cross-reactivity with feline CD56
by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis. The antibody could be
a useful diagnostic marker for feline NK cell neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Hirabayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - James K Chambers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mei Sugawara
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki Ohmi
- Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Tsujimoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Veterinary Medical Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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9
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Matsumoto I, Uchida K, Chambers JK, Nibe K, Sato Y, Hamasu T, Nakayama H. Hodgkin's-like lymphoma in a ferret (Mustela putorius furo). J Vet Med Sci 2017; 79:1660-1663. [PMID: 28804091 PMCID: PMC5658555 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.17-0317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 7-year-old castrated male ferret developed unilateral cervical lymphadenomegaly over a
1-month period. Histological examination revealed proliferation of tumor cells in a
diffuse and partially nodular pattern. The tumor cells were predominantly Hodgkin cells
and binucleated Reed-Sternberg cells, characterized by abundant, clear, vacuolated
cytoplasm, pleomorphic, ovoid nuclei with thick nuclear membranes and distinct nucleoli.
Multinucleated cells, resembling lymphocytic and histiocytic (L&H) cells, were also
observed. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells expressed Pax-5, BLA-36 and vimentin. A
small population of the tumor cells expressed CD20. This case showed proliferation of
Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg cells in conjunction with L&H cells that were histologically
analogous to feline Hodgkin’s-like lymphoma. However, Pax-5 and BLA-36 expression along
with rare CD20 expression were consistent with classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Matsumoto
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - James Kenn Chambers
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazumi Nibe
- Japan Animal Referral Medical Center, 2-5-8, Kuji, Takatsu, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 213-0023, Japan
| | - Yu Sato
- Minato Ohori Animal Hospital, 2-9-29, Ohtemon, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 810-0074, Japan
| | - Taku Hamasu
- Minato Ohori Animal Hospital, 2-9-29, Ohtemon, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka 810-0074, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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