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Karagözoğlu M, İlhan N. The effect of health literacy on health behaviors in a sample of Turkish adolescents. J Pediatr Nurs 2024; 77:e187-e194. [PMID: 38604941 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2024.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Health literacy is a strong factor in the health outcomes and behaviors of adolescents. This study was conducted to examine the health literacy levels of adolescents, their health behaviors, and the effect of health literacy on health behaviors. DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 649 adolescents between the ages of 14 and 18. Data were collected using the Adolescent Lifestyle Profile II (ALP-R2) and the Health Literacy Scale for School-Age Children (HLSAC). A multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the effects of health literacy on health behaviors and the factors associated with health behaviors. RESULTS The mean total ALP-R2 score of the participants was 114.35 ± 17.48, and their mean HLSAC score was 28.95 ± 5.79. Among the participants, 26% had low health literacy, 61.9% had moderate health literacy, and 12% had high health literacy. The regression analysis revealed that the health literacy levels of the participants significantly predicted all dimensions of health behaviors and total health behaviors (p < 0.001). The health literacy levels of the participants, the community where the adolescent lived, their participation in social activities, family relationships, friend relationships, and health perceptions significantly predicted their total health behaviors (R2 = 0.347; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The health literacy levels and health behaviors of adolescents were found to be moderate, and their health behaviors increased as their levels of health literacy increased. The results showed that the health literacy and health behaviors of adolescents need to be improved. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Nurses should provide training to increase the healthy lifestyle behaviors and health literacy of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Karagözoğlu
- Institutes of Health Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey; Koç University Hospital, Pediatric Diabetes Education Nurse, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nesrin İlhan
- Department of NursingFaculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Yilmazel G. Are health promotion activities and preventive health practices predictors of adolescent eHealth literacy? Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad109. [PMID: 37703395 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents' general health status and health behaviors have been closely monitored in recent years. It is estimated that adolescents comprise one-sixth of the world's population. This study examined whether eHealth literacy was predicted via health promotion activities and preventive health practices among Turkish adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted between March and May 2022 with 706 adolescents in Çorum, Turkey. A face-to-face questionnaire form was used, including socio-demographic characteristics, preventive health practices, eHealth literacy scale and Adolescent Health Promotion Scale. The data of the research were analyzed with the SPSS 22.0 program. Percentage, mean, Pearson Correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used in the analyzes. The p < 0.05 value was considered statistically significant in the evaluations. In the study, 55.8% were female, and the mean age of the whole group was 16.09 ± 2.63 years. The mean score on the eHealth literacy scale was 29.40 ± 6.29. The mean of the total scores obtained from the Adolescent Health Promotion Scale was 137.97 ± 21.87. There was a significant positive correlation between eHealth literacy and the Adolescent Health Promotion Scale (p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to predict eHealth literacy using the variables of Adolescent Health Promotion and preventive health practices. eHealth literacy positively and significantly predicts health promotion activities (β = 0.27, t (695) = 7.54, p < 0.001). eHealth literacy increased annual weight measurement by more than 0.13 (β = 0.13), annual blood iron measurement by more than 0.16 (β = 0.16) and annual dental examination by more than 0.11 (β = 0.11). Developing eHealth literacy interventions will be necessary for environments with a high concentration of adolescents (schools and courses). Also, primary health care services should be integrated with the school environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülay Yilmazel
- Public Health, Hitit University, Faculty of Health Science, Çorum, 19100, Türkiye
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GÜR K, KILINÇ E, YAYIKÇI E, DEĞER K, TEKİN E. Examination of Predictive Factors Healthy Lifestyle Behaviours and Compare Coping Styles with Stress of Adolescents with and without Hearing Loss: A Comparative Study. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.939078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Examination of predictive factors healthy lifestyle behaviours and compare coping styles with stress of adolescents with and without Hearing Loss (HL). Methods: A comparative cross‐sectional design was employed. The participants comprise high school students with (n= 272) and without (n= 272) HL. Participants completed questionnaires on coping styles with stress and Adolescent Lifestyle Profile Scale 2 (ALP‐R2). Descriptive statistics, chi‐square, t‐test, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the responses given to the above instruments. Results: Adolescents without HL (116.46±16.89) had significantly higher scores on the lifestyle profile scale than another group (113.68±16.12) (p
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eda KILINÇ
- PAMUKKALE ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ
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Bektas İ, Kudubeş AA, Ayar D, Bektas M. Predicting the Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors of Turkish Adolescents Based on their Health Literacy and Self-Efficacy Levels. J Pediatr Nurs 2021; 59:e20-e25. [PMID: 33589289 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The effects of Turkish adolescents' self-efficacy and health literacy on their health behaviors are examined in this study. DESIGN AND METHOD This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design with a sample population of 440 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 years old. The data were collected using a demographic data form and analyzed according to the Self-Efficacy Scale for Children, the Health Literacy Scale, and the Adolescent Lifestyle Profile. RESULTS The regression analysis found that the self-efficacy and health literacy levels of adolescents predicted their healthy lifestyle behaviors (F = 141.813, p = 0.000). The self-efficacy and health literacy levels explained 41.9% of the healthy lifestyle behaviors of the subjects, with regression coefficients for self-efficacy and health literacy of 0.545 and 0.185, respectively. Self-efficacy among adolescents significantly predicted all the sub-dimensions of healthy lifestyle behaviors, such as health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, positive life view, interpersonal relations, stress management, and spiritual health. Similarly, the health literacy levels predicted all the sub-dimensions except for physical activity and stress management. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the adolescents' self-efficacy levels and their health literacy levels significantly explained their health behaviors. This finding suggests that increasing the self-efficacy and health literacy levels of adolescents should be increased to develop positive health behaviors among today's youth. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurses should identify strategies to increase self-efficacy and health literacy among adolescents to protect and improve adolescent health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlknur Bektas
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Nursing, Inciraltı, Izmir, Turkey.
| | | | - Dijle Ayar
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Nursing, Inciraltı, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Murat Bektas
- Dokuz Eylul University, Faculty of Nursing, Inciraltı, Izmir, Turkey
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Ozdemir S, Gencbas D, Tosun B, Bebis H, Sinan O. Musculoskeletal Pain, Related Factors, and Posture Profiles Among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study From Turkey. Pain Manag Nurs 2021; 22:522-530. [PMID: 33414011 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate musculoskeletal pain due to mechanical reasons and related risk factors in adolescents and to define posture profiles of adolescents. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS The study was conducted with 2221 adolescents between February 2015 and May 2015. The questionnaire used to collect data consisted of three parts: (1) descriptive characteristics of the participants, (2) pain assessment of 14 parts of the body, and (3) Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument (BackPEI). RESULTS The prevalence of low back pain among the participants was 73.3% (n = 1,343), while the prevalence of back pain was 68.4% (n = 1,254). The participants attributed their pain to their poor sitting postures at school (38.1%, n = 847) and carrying school backpacks (84.1%, n = 1,713). There was a statistically significant difference in the physical activities of adolescents and the BackPEI score (z = 4.40; p = .001). Posture factors of the BackPEI score increased while school desk comfort score increased (Spearman's rho = 0.148; p = .001), but it decreased while the school grades of the adolescents increased (Spearman's rho [ρ] = -0.161; p = .001). CONCLUSIONS According to this study, body posture was related to musculoskeletal pain and was correlated with physical activities, school desk comfort, and school grades of the adolescents. It is suggested that correct posture and ergonomic positions should be taught to adolescents when using computers, carrying school backpacks, and sitting in school chairs to prevent musculoskeletal pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serpil Ozdemir
- Department of Public Health Nursing, University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Dercan Gencbas
- Department of Nursing, Atilim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betul Tosun
- Department of Nursing, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Hatice Bebis
- Public Health Nursing Department, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ozlem Sinan
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
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Kristo AS, Gültekin B, Öztağ M, Sikalidis AK. The Effect of Eating Habits' Quality on Scholastic Performance in Turkish Adolescents. Behav Sci (Basel) 2020; 10:bs10010031. [PMID: 31936701 PMCID: PMC7017354 DOI: 10.3390/bs10010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence associates scholastic performance to quality of eating habits. However, there is limited information on this topic in Turkey, an emerging economy with notable disparities. Our work aimed to evaluate the effect of eating habits quality of high-school students in Turkey, on the Scholastic Aptitude Standardized Examination (TEOG) scores. The study was conducted in 29 different cities in Turkey during the academic year 2016–2017, involving students of ages 14–17 years (up to senior-high school). A dietary habits survey developed and validated for this population was distributed over the internet in February 2017. Apart from students’ TEOG scores, Family Affluence Score (FAS) was used to categorize the students into low, medium, and high financial standing. Eating Habits Score (EHS) was calculated by using a validated scoring system. A working sample of 298 participants was used. Based on our results, we observed that there is a significant positive correlation between EHS, FAS and success rate of students as assessed by TEOG scores. Further research on this subject should be conducted in combination with intervention studies to reveal potential strategies and policies that would enhance positive behavior change as it relates to nutritional habits, aiming at improved scholastic performance and overall health throughout lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra S. Kristo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;
| | - Büşra Gültekin
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey; (B.G.); (M.Ö.)
| | - Merve Öztağ
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Istanbul Yeni Yuzyil University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey; (B.G.); (M.Ö.)
| | - Angelos K. Sikalidis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-805-756-2618; Fax: +1-805-756-1146
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Yang SY, Fu SH, Chen KL, Hsieh PL, Lin PH. Relationships between depression, health‑related behaviors, and internet addiction in female junior college students. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220784. [PMID: 31398212 PMCID: PMC6688785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Depressive emotions can lead to subsequent unhealthy behaviors such as Internet addiction, especially in female adolescents; therefore, studies that examine the relationships among depression, health‑related behaviors, and Internet addiction in female adolescents are warranted. Purpose To examine (1) the relationship between depression and health-related behaviors and (2) the relationship between depression and Internet addiction. Method A cross-sectional study design was adopted using a structured questionnaire to measure depression, health-related behaviors, and Internet addiction in female adolescents. The data were collected from students of a junior college in southern Taiwan using convenience sampling to select the participants. The questionnaire was divided into four sections: demographics, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Results The final sample comprised 503 female junior college students, with the participants mainly aged between 15 to 22 years (mean age = 17.30 years, SD = 1.34). Regarding the HPLP scores, the overall score, nutrition subscale score, and self-actualization subscale score were significantly and negatively associated with the CES-D depression score (p < 0.05–0.01). In other words, depression level was lower in students who exhibited more healthy behaviors, put more emphasis on dietary health, and had higher levels of self-admiration and confidence toward life. Regarding the IAT scores, the overall score and six domain scores were all positively associated (p < 0.01) to the CES-D depression score. In other words, the higher an individual’s Internet addiction score was, the higher her depression level was. Conclusions The results confirmed the relationship between depression, health-related behaviors, and Internet addiction. The cultivation of health-related behaviors may help in lowering depressive symptoms. Teenagers with depression have higher risks of developing Internet addiction, and such addiction is likely to affect their daily functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Yu Yang
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hau Fu
- Department of Acupressure Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Li Chen
- Department of Nursing, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lun Hsieh
- Department of Nursing, College of Health, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Health and Beauty, Shu Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Wang N, He J, Wang Z, Miao R, Leslie E, Xu F. The prevalence of sufficient physical activity among primary and high school students in Mainland China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Public Health 2018; 163:67-75. [PMID: 30098470 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to estimate the prevalence of sufficient physical activity (PA) for primary and high school students in China. STUDY DESIGN This is a meta-analysis study. METHODS The literature search was carried out using both English and Chinese online databases, including articles published from January 2005 to May 2018. Statistical analyses were performed with STATA 13.0. RESULTS Of 1439 articles initially retrieved, 18 studies met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of sufficient PA among Chinese students varied from 8.96% to 56.02%. With meta-analysis, the sufficient PA prevalence was 31.1% (27.1%-35.2%). Boys were more likely to achieve sufficient PA compared to girls (boys vs girls: 42.4% vs 31.5%, P < 0.001), while urban students engaged in more sufficient PA than their rural counterparts (urban vs rural: 42.7% vs 38.5%, P < 0.001). Primary school students spent more time in overall PA than junior (primary vs junior: 45.4% vs 40.6%, P < 0.001) or senior high school students (primary vs senior: 45.4% vs 27.9%, P < 0.001). Students tended to be more physically active on weekdays than weekends (weekdays vs weekend: 57.2% vs 45.2%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of sufficient PA was 31% among Chinese students. Intervention campaigns are needed for promoting PA level among students in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Wang
- Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - J He
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Z Wang
- Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - R Miao
- Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - E Leslie
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - F Xu
- Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China; School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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İlhan N, Yildiz A. Psychometric Characteristics of the Turkish Version of Adolescent Lifestyle Profile R2. J Nurs Meas 2018; 26:249-263. [DOI: 10.1891/1061-3749.26.2.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose:The purpose of this study was to adapt and assess cultural and psychometric properties of the Adolescent Life Style Profile (ALP-R2) in Turkish adolescents.Methods:The sample of the study consisted of 945 students aged 12–18 years. Data were collected using the Turkish translation of the ALP-R2. Psychometric testing of the ALP-R2 included internal consistency, item-total correlation, test–retest correlation, and construct validity with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).Results:The total Cronbach’s α coefficient was .88, and the subscales ranged from .55 to .76. The CFA results showed that the structure of the model/scale has an acceptable goodness of fit.Conclusion:The study shows that the Turkish version of the ALP-R2 is a reliable and valid scale that can be used to assess healthy lifestyle domains in Turkish adolescents.
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Molaifard A, Mohamadian H, Haghighi Zadeh MH. Predicting high school students' health-promoting lifestyle: a test of the information, motivation, behavioral skills model. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2018; 32:/j/ijamh.ahead-of-print/ijamh-2017-0194/ijamh-2017-0194.xml. [PMID: 29397384 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2017-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim Expenditure on adolescents' health promotion is critical to enhancing quality of life and fundamental for the prosperity of countries. This study tried to investigate the relationships between information-motivation-behavioral skills (IMB) model constructs as predictors of high school student's health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) in Southwest Iran. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 400 students in Southwest Iran. Sample size required for this study was obtained using Soper's structural equation modeling (SEM) calculator. The stratified random sampling method was used in this study. A path analysis was taken to evaluate the HPL main determinants utilizing SEM. Results Information only had a significant indirect relationship with adolescents' HPL. But, both motivation and behavioral skills constructs had significant direct and indirect relationship with adolescents' HPL. The behavioral skill construct was the most imperative predictor variable. In general, behavioral skills construct (75%), motivation (66%) and knowledge (50%) constructs had the highest impact on HPL. The IMB model was able to explain 71% of the variance in adolescents' HPL. Conclusion The findings of the study showed that the IMB model was appropriate for explaining adolescents' HPL. It is necessary that actions are taken to improve behavioral skills and promote adolescents' HPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Molaifard
- Department Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hashem Mohamadian
- Research Centre for Social Determinants of Health, Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, P.O. Box: 61357-15751, Iran, Phone/Fax: +986133738282
| | - Mohammad Hossein Haghighi Zadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Ssewanyana D, Nyongesa MK, van Baar A, Newton CR, Abubakar A. Health risk behavior among chronically ill adolescents: a systematic review of assessment tools. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2017; 11:32. [PMID: 28725261 PMCID: PMC5512752 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-017-0172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents living with chronic illnesses engage in health risk behaviors (HRB) which pose challenges for optimizing care and management of their ill health. Frequent monitoring of HRB is recommended, however little is known about which are the most useful tools to detect HRB among chronically ill adolescents. AIMS This systematic review was conducted to address important knowledge gaps on the assessment of HRB among chronically ill adolescents. Its specific aims were to: identify HRB assessment tools, the geographical location of the studies, their means of administration, the psychometric properties of the tools and the commonest forms of HRB assessed among adolescents living with chronic illnesses globally. METHODS We searched in four bibliographic databases of PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts for empirical studies published until April 2017 on HRB among chronically ill adolescents aged 10-17 years. RESULTS This review indicates a major dearth of research on HRB among chronically ill adolescents especially in low income settings. The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System and Health Behavior in School-aged Children were the commonest HRB assessment tools. Only 21% of the eligible studies reported psychometric properties of the HRB tools or items. Internal consistency was good and varied from 0.73 to 0.98 whereas test-retest reliability varied from unacceptable (0.58) to good (0.85). Numerous methods of tool administration were also identified. Alcohol, tobacco and other drug use and physical inactivity are the commonest forms of HRB assessed. CONCLUSION Evidence on the suitability of the majority of the HRB assessment tools has so far been documented in high income settings where most of them have been developed. The utility of such tools in low resource settings is often hampered by the cultural and contextual variations across regions. The psychometric qualities were good but only reported in a minority of studies from high income settings. This result points to the need for more resources and capacity building for tool adaptation and validation, so as to enhance research on HRB among chronically ill adolescents in low resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Ssewanyana
- 0000 0001 0155 5938grid.33058.3dCentre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya ,0000000120346234grid.5477.1Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Moses Kachama Nyongesa
- 0000 0001 0155 5938grid.33058.3dCentre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Anneloes van Baar
- 0000000120346234grid.5477.1Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charles R. Newton
- 0000 0001 0155 5938grid.33058.3dCentre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya ,0000 0004 1936 8948grid.4991.5Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.449370.dDepartment of Public Health, Pwani University, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Amina Abubakar
- 0000 0001 0155 5938grid.33058.3dCentre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya ,0000000120346234grid.5477.1Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands ,0000 0004 1936 8948grid.4991.5Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.449370.dDepartment of Public Health, Pwani University, Kilifi, Kenya
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