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Canidate SS, Cook CL, Varma D, Carnaby GD, Ennis N, Stetten NE, Cook RL. Recruitment, experience, and retention among women with HIV and hazardous drinking participating in a clinical trial. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1169. [PMID: 32718308 PMCID: PMC7385856 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite efforts by the NIH to enhance the participation of women and minorities in clinical research, women with HIV continue to remain underrepresented in alcohol intervention research. The purpose of this study is to better understand the reasons why women with HIV and hazardous drinking participated in the WHAT-IF? study and to discuss their experience (positive or negative) in the study. The WHAT-IF? study was a randomized clinical trial that evaluated pharmacotherapy for a reduction in drinking among women with HIV. METHODS Convenience and theoretical sampling were used to recruit women with HIV and hazardous drinking to complete qualitative interviews. These women had previously completed a clinical alcohol intervention trial and had consented to be contacted in the future for study-related purposes. The biopsychosocial model was used to frame the interview questions that assessed multiple determinants of drinking behavior and helped explain linkages to broader health constructs. RESULTS A total of 20 women with HIV and hazardous drinking completed the qualitative interview. Several factors were identified by the women as influential in their decision to participate in the WHAT-IF? study, such as the ability to quit or reduce their drinking to nonhazardous levels (biological), the ability to gain knowledge or a greater understanding of the negative effects of hazardous drinking on HIV disease progression (psychological), and peer pressure and monetary compensation (social). Also, the women identified factors (positive or negative) associated with their clinical trial experience, such as the effects of the study medication on the woman's body (biological), thoughts and feelings toward study procedures (i.e. medication, lab work, study assessments) and the length of the study (psychological), and the interactions with the WHAT-IF? study staff (social). CONCLUSION Recruiting and retaining women with HIV in alcohol intervention research remains a challenge. Findings from this study suggest that women with HIV who are hazardous drinkers may benefit from participating in research studies that could help them to reduce or quit their drinking, increase their knowledge about specific behavior changes, and earn monetary compensation. Also, positive staff interactions may be instrumental in retaining minority women in alcohol intervention research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantrel S Canidate
- University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions, 2004 Mowry Road PO Box 100231, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0182, USA.
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
| | - Christa L Cook
- College of Nursing, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Deepthi Varma
- University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions, 2004 Mowry Road PO Box 100231, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0182, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Giselle D Carnaby
- College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA
| | - Nicole Ennis
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32304, USA
| | - Nichole E Stetten
- University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions, 2004 Mowry Road PO Box 100231, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0182, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Robert L Cook
- University of Florida, College of Public Health and Health Professions, 2004 Mowry Road PO Box 100231, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0182, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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Meyer HM, Mocarski R, Holt NR, Hope DA, King RE, Woodruff N. Unmet Expectations in Health Care Settings: Experiences of Transgender and Gender Diverse Adults in the Central Great Plains. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2020; 30:409-422. [PMID: 31328642 DOI: 10.1177/1049732319860265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) individuals face a long-term, multifaceted process if they choose to begin a gender affirmation journey. Decisions to go on hormone therapy and/or have a surgical procedure necessitate the TGD individual to set up an appointment with a health care provider. However, when TGD patients interact with health care practitioners, problems can arise. This article documents and categorizes the types of unmet expectations that are common in the TGD patient-health care provider social dynamic in the Central Great Plains of the United States. Utilizing a community-based participatory research model, qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 27 TGD individuals about their health care experiences. From this, the researchers identified four main themes of unmet expectations: probing, gatekeeping, stigmatizing stance, and misgendering/deadnaming. Steps that can be taken by both the health care provider and the TGD individual to have a more successful encounter are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Debra A Hope
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Robyn E King
- University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, Nebraska, USA
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Gunther C, Rogers C, Holloman C, Hopkins LC, Anderson SE, Miller CK, Copeland KA, Dollahite JS, Pratt KJ, Webster A, Labyk AN, Penicka C. Child diet and health outcomes of the simple suppers program: a 10-week, 2-group quasi-experimental family meals trial. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1657. [PMID: 31823753 PMCID: PMC6902334 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Racial minority children, particularly from low-income households, are at risk for obesity. Family meals have a protective effect on child nutritional health. However, the current evidence is limited in racial and socioeconomic diversity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a family meals intervention, Simple Suppers, on improvements in diet and health outcomes from baseline (T0) to post-intervention (T1) in intervention compared to waitlist control participants, and determine retention of change in outcomes among intervention participants at 10-week follow-up (T2). METHODS Simple Suppers was a 10-week family meals intervention implemented as a 2-group quasi-experimental trial. Ten 90-min lessons were delivered weekly. Data were collected at T0 and T1, and from intervention participants at T2. Participants were racially diverse 4-10 year-old children from low-income households. Setting was a faith-based community center. Main outcomes were daily servings of fruit, vegetables, and sugar-sweetened beverages and diet quality; z-scores for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP); weight status categories; food preparation skills; and family meals (frequency of dinner, breakfast, TV viewing during meals, meals in dining area). Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) and mixed-effects ordinal regression models were used to assess intervention impact (T0:T1). Paired t-tests examined retention of change among intervention participants (T1:T2). RESULTS One hundred forty children enrolled and 126 completed T1 (90% retention); 71 of 87 intervention participants completed T2(79% retention). Mean (SD) age was 6.9(1.9) yr, 62% female, 60% Black, and 42% low-income. Intervention vs waitlist controls had higher food preparation skills (p < 0.001) and lower TV viewing during meals (p = 0.04) at T1.There were no group differences in dietary intake or quality or z-scores for BMI, waist circumference, or BP, however intervention versus waitlist controls experienced a greater change toward healthy weight (p = 0.04) At T2, intervention participants demonstrated a retention of improved food preparation skills. CONCLUSIONS Simple Suppers led to improvements in children's weight status, food preparation skills, and TV viewing during meals, but not diet or z-scores for BMI, waist circumference, or BP. Future research should examine the preventive effects of healthy family mealtime routines in children at greatest risk for obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02923050; Simple Suppers Scale-up (S3); Retrospectively registered on Oct 2016; First participant enrolled on Jan 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Gunther
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1787 Neil Ave, 313 Campbell Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Catherine Rogers
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1787 Neil Ave, 313 Campbell Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Present Address: Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Wood Building, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA
| | - Christopher Holloman
- Department of Statistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Present Address: Information Control Company (ICC), 2500 Corporate Exchange Dr, Columbus, OH 43231 USA
| | - Laura C. Hopkins
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1787 Neil Ave, 313 Campbell Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Sarah E. Anderson
- Division of Epidemiology, The Ohio State University, 1841 Neil Avenue, Cunz Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Carla K. Miller
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1787 Neil Ave, 313 Campbell Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Kristen A. Copeland
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA
| | - Jamie S. Dollahite
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, 408 Savage Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Keeley J. Pratt
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1787 Neil Ave, 313 Campbell Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Alison Webster
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1787 Neil Ave, 313 Campbell Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Present Address: Food Directions, 1101 K St NW #650, Washington, DC 20005 USA
| | - Allison N. Labyk
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1787 Neil Ave, 313 Campbell Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Christine Penicka
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 1787 Neil Ave, 313 Campbell Hall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Present Address: Albany Medical Center, 43 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208 USA
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Midgley N, Isaacs D, Weitkamp K, Target M. The experience of adolescents participating in a randomised clinical trial in the field of mental health: a qualitative study. Trials 2016; 17:364. [PMID: 27465740 PMCID: PMC4964089 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1474-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This descriptive study aimed to investigate adolescents’ motivations for participating in a randomised controlled trial (RCT), to explore the understanding that the young people had regarding a number of aspects of the trial design, to examine whether or not they found participation in the trial to be acceptable and what affected this, and to identify whether and how the young people felt that their participation in the RCT impacted on their experience of therapy and on therapeutic change. Methods Seventy-six adolescents who were taking part in a large-scale RCT to evaluate the clinical and cost effectiveness of psychological therapies for depression were interviewed at two time-points after completing therapy. The semi-structured interviews, which included a focus on the young people’s experience of the research study, were analysed using framework analysis. Results The vast majority of adolescents found it acceptable to participate in the clinical trial, and many agreed to participate for reasons of ‘conditional altruism’. However consent was often given without great understanding of the key elements of the trial, including the difference between treatment arms and the randomisation process. Although the adolescents were largely positive about their experiences from taking part, the study raises questions about whether clinical outcomes may be influenced by participation in the research elements of the trial. Conclusions Although adolescents are under-represented in clinical trials, those who do participate are generally positive about the experience; however, careful thought needs to be given to key elements of the trial design and the potential impact of the research participation on clinical outcomes. Trial registration ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN83033550. Registered on 15 October 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Midgley
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK. .,Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Danny Isaacs
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK
| | | | - Mary Target
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, UK.,Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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Synthesizing Marketing, Community Engagement, and Systems Science Approaches for Advancing Translational Research. ANS Adv Nurs Sci 2015; 38:227-40. [PMID: 26244479 DOI: 10.1097/ans.0000000000000080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The adoption and implementation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) are the goals of translational research; however, potential end-users' perceptions of an EBI value have contributed to low rates of adoption. In this article, we describe our application of emerging dissemination and implementation science theoretical perspectives, community engagement, and systems science principles to develop a novel EBI dissemination approach. Using consumer-driven, graphics-rich simulation, the approach demonstrates predicted implementation effects on health and employment outcomes for socioeconomically disadvantaged women at the local level and is designed to increase adoption interest of county program managers accountable for improving these outcomes in their communities.
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Kulbok PA, Meszaros PS, Bond DC, Thatcher E, Park E, Kimbrell M, Smith-Gregory T. Youths as partners in a community participatory project for substance use prevention. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2015; 38:3-11. [PMID: 25423239 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This community-based participatory research project aimed to develop strategies to prevent youth substance use in a rural county. This article (1) describes the project phases, (2) examines unique contributions and considerations of youth involvement, and (3) explores the youths' perspective. Twelve youths, aged 16 to 18 years, joined parents, community leaders, and research specialists on the community-based participatory research team. The youths were integrally involved in all phases including the community assessment, community leader interviews, selection of a substance use prevention program, and program implementation. Youths reported sustained enthusiasm, experiences of authentic leadership, development of research skills, and greater awareness of their community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Kulbok
- University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville (Drs Kulbok and Thatcher and Ms Park); Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg (Dr Meszaros and Ms Kimbrell); Carilion Clinic Roanoke Memorial Hospital, Roanoke, Virginia (Dr Bond); and Virginia Cooperative Extension, Blacksburg (Ms Smith-Gregory)
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