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Tauziède-Espariat A, Hasty L, Métais A, Varlet P. Mesenchymal non-meningothelial tumors of the central nervous system: a literature review and diagnostic update of novelties and emerging entities. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:22. [PMID: 36737790 PMCID: PMC9896826 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01522-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The fifth edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS) now includes mesenchymal tumors that occur uniquely or frequently in the CNS. Moreover, this version has aligned the terminology of mesenchymal tumors with their soft tissue counterparts. New tumor types have been added, such as the "intracranial mesenchymal tumor, FET-CREB fusion-positive", the "CIC-rearranged sarcoma", and the "Primary intracranial sarcoma, DICER1-mutant". Other entities (such as rhabdomyosarcoma) have remained in the current WHO classification because these tumor types may present specificities in the CNS as compared to their soft tissue counterparts. Based on an extensive literature review, herein, we will discuss these newly recognized entities in terms of clinical observation, radiology, histopathology, genetics and outcome, and consider strategies for an accurate diagnosis. In light of this literature analysis, we will also introduce some potentially novel tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnault Tauziède-Espariat
- Department of Neuropathology, Sainte-Anne Hospital, 1, rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris, France. .,Inserm, UMR 1266, IMA-Brain, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Lauren Hasty
- grid.414435.30000 0001 2200 9055Department of Neuropathology, Sainte-Anne Hospital, 1, rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris, France ,grid.512035.0Inserm, UMR 1266, IMA-Brain, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alice Métais
- grid.414435.30000 0001 2200 9055Department of Neuropathology, Sainte-Anne Hospital, 1, rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris, France ,grid.512035.0Inserm, UMR 1266, IMA-Brain, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pascale Varlet
- grid.414435.30000 0001 2200 9055Department of Neuropathology, Sainte-Anne Hospital, 1, rue Cabanis, 75014 Paris, France ,grid.512035.0Inserm, UMR 1266, IMA-Brain, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris, Paris, France
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Hernández-Reséndiz R, Villanueva-Castro E, Chávez-Macías L, Gómez-Apo E, Ortiz-Plata A, Salinas-Lara C, Peñafiel-Sánchez C, Tena-Suck MLL. Teratoma With Malignant Ectomesenchymoma in the Pineal Region: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e27711. [PMID: 36081970 PMCID: PMC9441186 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.27711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors involving the pineal gland include germinomas, non-germinomatous, and parenchymal tumors. Sometimes these tumors can be differentiated into rhabdomyosarcoma, which is an aggressive and rapidly recurring sarcoma but is a rare event. We present the case of a 23-year-old male, with an eight-year-long history of a non-treated brain tumor compatible with a teratoma. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy were offered, and two years later, malignant transformation to astrocytoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neural cell carcinoma, ganglioglioma, and low-grade chondrosarcoma was noted. Immunohistochemistry was valuable in differentiating these entities that confirmed the diagnosis. Malignant transformations may be secondary to the normal transformation of multipotent embryonic cells into more developed tissues after radiotherapy of teratoma and malignant ectomesenchymoma transformation.
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