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Rosa PJ, Peixoto MM, Carvalho J. Measuring Sexual Motivation as a Trait Dimension: A multisample study of the Portuguese (European) Version of the Trait Sexual Motivation Questionnaire. JOURNAL OF SEX & MARITAL THERAPY 2023; 49:960-977. [PMID: 37963196 DOI: 10.1080/0092623x.2023.2226130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed at translating and validating the TSMQ into Portuguese-European (TSMQ-PT) and to investigate its psychometric properties. Three online studies were conducted with independent samples collected between September 2020 and March 2022. Study 1 tested the exploratory factorial structure (N = 325; 206 women); Study 2 explored the confirmatory factorial structure and construct validity (N = 450; 230 women); and Study 3 examined the temporal stability of the TSMQ-PT (N = 30; 15 women). Participants completed the TSMQ-PT for all three studies. In study 2, further completed the Sexual Compulsivity Scale, the Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale, and the Sexual Desire Inventory. Data revealed that the TSMQ-PT yielded a four-structure model, (i.e., Sexually Oriented, Comparison with Others, Seeking for Sexual Encounters, and Importance of Sex) comprising 13 items, with seven additional items for assessing existence and number of sexual partners, and frequency of sexual behaviors. The TSMQ-PT achieved good internal consistency levels (McDonald's omega ranged from .71 to .89) and construct validity, and temporal stability over 10-11 months (values ranged from .80 to .87) supporting the trait-dimension of sexual motivation. Current findings support a brief, valid, and reliable self-report instrument for assessing sexual motivation in the Portuguese context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J Rosa
- HEI-Lab: Digital Human-Environment Interaction Labs, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto Superior Manuel Teixeira Gomes (ISMAT), Portimão, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Peixoto
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences , University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Carvalho
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences , University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- William James Center for Research, Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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2
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Parsons CE, Purves KL, Skelton M, Peel AJ, Davies MR, Rijsdijk F, Bristow S, Eley TC, Breen G, Hirsch CR, Young KS. Different trajectories of depression, anxiety and anhedonia symptoms in the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in a UK longitudinal sample. Psychol Med 2022; 53:1-11. [PMID: 36468440 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722003828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While studies from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic have described initial negative effects on mental health and exacerbating mental health inequalities, longer-term studies are only now emerging. METHOD In total, 34 465 individuals in the UK completed online questionnaires and were re-contacted over the first 12 months of the pandemic. We used growth mixture modelling to identify trajectories of depression, anxiety and anhedonia symptoms using the 12-month data. We identified sociodemographic predictors of trajectory class membership using multinomial regression models. RESULTS Most participants had consistently low symptoms of depression or anxiety over the year of assessments (60%, 69% respectively), and a minority had consistently high symptoms (10%, 15%). We also identified participants who appeared to show improvements in symptoms as the pandemic progressed, and others who showed the opposite pattern, marked symptom worsening, until the second national lockdown. Unexpectedly, most participants showed stable low positive affect, indicating anhedonia, throughout the 12-month period. From regression analyses, younger age, reporting a previous mental health diagnosis, non-binary, or self-defined gender, and an unemployed or a student status were significantly associated with membership of the stable high symptom groups for depression and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS While most participants showed little change in their depression and anxiety symptoms across the first year of the pandemic, we highlight the divergent responses of subgroups of participants, who fared both better and worse around national lockdowns. We confirm that previously identified predictors of negative outcomes in the first months of the pandemic also predict negative outcomes over a 12-month period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine E Parsons
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Interacting Minds Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kirstin L Purves
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Megan Skelton
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alicia J Peel
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Molly R Davies
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Fruhling Rijsdijk
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Shannon Bristow
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Thalia C Eley
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gerome Breen
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Colette R Hirsch
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Katherine S Young
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
- NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, King's College London, London, UK
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3
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Spadoni AD, Vinograd M, Cuccurazzu B, Torres K, Glynn LM, Davis EP, Baram TZ, Baker DG, Nievergelt CM, Risbrough VB. Contribution of early-life unpredictability to neuropsychiatric symptom patterns in adulthood. Depress Anxiety 2022; 39:706-717. [PMID: 35833573 PMCID: PMC9881456 DOI: 10.1002/da.23277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies in both human and experimental animals have identified fragmented and unpredictable parental and environmental signals as a novel source of early-life adversity. Early-life unpredictability may be a fundamental developmental factor that impacts brain development, including reward and emotional memory circuits, affecting the risk for psychopathology later in life. Here, we tested the hypothesis that self-reported early-life unpredictability is associated with psychiatric symptoms in adult clinical populations. METHODS Using the newly validated Questionnaire of Unpredictability in Childhood, we assessed early-life unpredictability in 156 trauma-exposed adults, of which 65% sought treatment for mood, anxiety, and/or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. All participants completed symptom measures of PTSD, depression and anhedonia, anxiety, alcohol use, and chronic pain. Relative contributions of early-life unpredictability versus childhood trauma and associations with longitudinal outcomes over a 6-month period were determined. RESULTS Early-life unpredictability, independent of childhood trauma, was significantly associated with higher depression, anxiety symptoms, and anhedonia, and was related to higher overall symptom ratings across time. Early-life unpredictability was also associated with suicidal ideation, but not alcohol use or pain symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Early-life unpredictability is an independent and consistent predictor of specific adult psychiatric symptoms, providing impetus for studying mechanisms of its effects on the developing brain that promote risk for psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea D. Spadoni
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Meghan Vinograd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Bruna Cuccurazzu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Katy Torres
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Laura M. Glynn
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Elysia P. Davis
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Tallie Z. Baram
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Dewleen G. Baker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Caroline M. Nievergelt
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Victoria B. Risbrough
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California, USA
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4
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Testing factorial invariance and latent means differences of the school refusal assessment scale-revised in Ecuadorian adolescents. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-018-9871-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Orui K, Frohlich JR, Stewart SH, Sherry SB, Keough MT. Examining Subgroups of Depression and Alcohol Misuse in Emerging Adults During University: a Replication and Extension Study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-020-00325-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Sewart AR, Niles AN, Burklund LJ, Saxbe DE, Lieberman MD, Craske MG. Examining Positive and Negative Affect as Outcomes and Moderators of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder. Behav Ther 2019; 50:1112-1124. [PMID: 31735246 PMCID: PMC6866675 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for anxiety disorders has been designed to target reductions in negative affect (NA) associated with defense-related processes. However, a subset of anxiety disorders, including social anxiety disorder (SAD), are also characterized by low positive affect (PA) resulting from separate deficits in appetitive-related processes. In contrast to CBT, "third-wave" approaches, such as acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), align more consistently with motivational processes and, as a result, PA. However, the differential effect of CBT and ACT on PA and NA has yet to be investigated. Using secondary data from a randomized controlled trial, the present study sought to compare CBT's (n = 45) and ACT's (n = 35) effect on PA and NA in SAD. Findings were compared to a wait-list (WL) control condition (n = 31), as well as normative data from a general adult sample. Baseline PA and NA were also examined as moderators and predictors of theory-relevant treatment outcomes. NA decreased significantly in both CBT and ACT from pre to posttreatment. Although ACT outperformed WL in reducing NA, this effect was not observed for CBT. PA increased significantly in both CBT and ACT from pre to posttreatment, with neither ACT nor CBT outperforming WL in increasing PA. Neither PA nor NA were found to moderate theoretically relevant treatment outcomes. Findings suggest that ACT and CBT share common treatment mechanisms, making them more similar than distinct. Further efforts should be focused on optimizing CBT's and ACT's influence on threat and reward learning, and elucidating common processes of change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R. Sewart
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA,Corresponding author at: Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, California 90095.
| | - Andrea N. Niles
- San Francisco VA Medical Center, 4150 Clement St., San Francisco CA 94121
| | - Lisa J. Burklund
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
| | - Darby E. Saxbe
- University of Southern California, Department of Psychology, 3620 S. McClintock Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90089-1061
| | - Matthew D. Lieberman
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
| | - Michelle G. Craske
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
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7
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Khazanov GK, Xu C, Dunn BD, Cohen ZD, DeRubeis RJ, Hollon SD. Distress and anhedonia as predictors of depression treatment outcome: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Behav Res Ther 2019; 125:103507. [PMID: 31896529 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2019.103507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Two core features of depression include depressed mood (heightened distress) and anhedonia (reduced pleasure). Despite their centrality to depression, studies have not examined their contribution to treatment outcomes in a randomized clinical trial providing mainstream treatments like antidepressant medications (ADM) and cognitive therapy (CT). We used baseline distress and anhedonia derived from a factor analysis of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire to predict remission and recovery in 433 individuals with recurrent/chronic major depressive disorder. Patients were provided with only ADM or both ADM and CT. Overall, higher baseline distress and anhedonia predicted longer times to remission within one year and recovery within three years. When controlling for treatment condition, distress improved prediction of outcomes over and above anhedonia, while anhedonia did not improve prediction of outcomes over and above distress. Interactions with treatment condition demonstrated that individuals with higher distress and anhedonia benefited from receiving CT in addition to ADM, whereas there was no added benefit of CT for individuals with lower distress and anhedonia. Assessing distress and anhedonia prior to treatment may help select patients who will benefit most from CT in addition to ADM. For the treatments and outcome measures tested, utilizing distress to guide treatment planning may yield the greatest benefit. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00057577.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela K Khazanov
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 425 S. University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Colin Xu
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 425 S. University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Barnaby D Dunn
- Mood Disorders Centre, University of Exeter. Sir Henry Wellcome Building for Mood Disorders Research, University of Exeter, Perry Road, EX4 4QG, UK.
| | - Zachary D Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 425 S. University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Robert J DeRubeis
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 425 S. University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Steven D Hollon
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University. 2301 Vanderbilt Place, Nashville, TN, 37240, USA.
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8
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Abstract
Study of emotions has gained interest in the field of sensory and consumer research. Accurate information can be obtained by studying physiological behavior along with self-reported-responses. The aim was to identify physiological and self-reported-responses towards visual stimuli and predict self-reported-responses using biometrics. Panelists (N = 63) were exposed to 12 images (ten from Geneva Affective PicturE Database (GAPED), two based on common fears) and a questionnaire (Face scale and EsSense). Emotions from facial expressions (FaceReaderTM), heart rate (HR), systolic pressure (SP), diastolic pressure (DP), and skin temperature (ST) were analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was used to predict self-reported-responses based on biometrics. Results showed that physiological along with self-reported responses were able to separate images based on cluster analysis as positive, neutral, or negative according to GAPED classification. Emotional terms with high or low valence were predicted by a general linear regression model using biometrics, while calm, which is in the center of emotion dimensional model, was not predicted. After separating images, positive and neutral categories could predict all emotional terms, while negative predicted Happy, Sad, and Scared. Heart Rate predicted emotions in positive (R2 = 0.52 for Scared) and neutral (R2 = 0.55 for Sad) categories while ST in positive images (R2 = 0.55 for Sad, R2 = 0.45 for Calm).
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9
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Corral-Frías NS, Velardez Soto SN, Frías-Armenta M, Corona-Espinosa A, Watson D. Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Two Short Forms of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire in a Student Sample from Northwest Mexico. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10862-019-09738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Sewart AR, Zbozinek TD, Hammen C, Zinbarg RE, Mineka S, Craske MG. Positive Affect as a Buffer between Chronic Stress and Symptom Severity of Emotional Disorders. Clin Psychol Sci 2019; 7:914-927. [PMID: 31632843 DOI: 10.1177/2167702619834576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated that stressors play a critical role in the development of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), and major depressive disorder (MDD). Separately, deficits in positive affect (PA) have been identified in GAD, SAD, and MDD. While previous research has linked the buffering effects of PA in chronic illness, such effects have yet to be investigated for chronic stressors and emotional disorder-related symptom severity. The purpose of the present study was to examine PA as a moderator of chronic interpersonal and non-interpersonal stress on GAD, SAD, and MDD symptom severity. Using a multilevel statistical approach with a sample of adolescents and young adults (N=463), PA was found to significantly moderate the relationship between chronic interpersonal stress and symptom severity for MDD and SAD. Findings suggest that in times of chronic interpersonal stress, higher PA may serve as a buffer from development of SAD and MDD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy R Sewart
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
| | - Tomislav D Zbozinek
- California Institute of Technology, Humanities and Social Sciences, 1200 E. California Blvd., MC 228-77, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Constance Hammen
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA.,California Institute of Technology, Humanities and Social Sciences, 1200 E. California Blvd., MC 228-77, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.,Northwestern University, Department of Psychology, 2029 Sheridan Road, Swift Hall 102, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Richard E Zinbarg
- Northwestern University, Department of Psychology, 2029 Sheridan Road, Swift Hall 102, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Susan Mineka
- Northwestern University, Department of Psychology, 2029 Sheridan Road, Swift Hall 102, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Michelle G Craske
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90025, USA
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11
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Glynn LM, Stern HS, Howland MA, Risbrough VB, Baker DG, Nievergelt CM, Baram TZ, Davis EP. Measuring novel antecedents of mental illness: the Questionnaire of Unpredictability in Childhood. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:876-882. [PMID: 30470840 PMCID: PMC6461958 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0280-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that, in addition to poverty, maternal depression, and other well-established factors, unpredictability of maternal and environmental signals early in life influences trajectories of brain development, determining risk for subsequent mental illness. However, whereas most risk factors for later vulnerability to mental illness are readily measured using existing, clinically available tools, there are no similar measures for assessing early-life unpredictability. Here we validate the Questionnaire of Unpredictability in Childhood (QUIC) and examine its associations with mental health in the context of other indicators of childhood adversity (e.g., traumatic life events, socioeconomic status, and parenting quality). The QUIC was initially validated through administration to a cohort of adult females (N = 116) and then further refined in two additional independent cohorts (male Veterans, N = 95, and male and female adolescents, N = 175). The QUIC demonstrated excellent internal (α = 0.89) and test-retest reliability (r = 92). Scores on the QUIC were positively correlated with other prospective indicators of exposures to unpredictable maternal inputs in infancy and childhood (unpredictable maternal mood and sensory signals), and accuracy of recall also was confirmed with prospective data. Importantly, the QUIC predicted symptoms of anxiety, depression, and anhedonia in the three study cohorts, and these effects persisted after adjusting for other previously established risk factors. The QUIC, a reliable and valid self-report assessment of exposure to unpredictability in the social, emotional, and physical domains during early life, is a brief, comprehensive, and promising instrument for predicting risk for mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Glynn
- 0000 0000 9006 1798grid.254024.5Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, CA USA ,0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Hal S. Stern
- 0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Statistics, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Mariann A. Howland
- 0000000419368657grid.17635.36Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA
| | - Victoria B. Risbrough
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs, La Jolla, CA USA ,0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Dewleen G. Baker
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs, La Jolla, CA USA ,0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Caroline M. Nievergelt
- Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, Veterans Affairs, La Jolla, CA USA ,0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Tallie Z. Baram
- 0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA USA ,0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, CA USA ,0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, CA USA
| | - Elysia P. Davis
- 0000 0001 0668 7243grid.266093.8Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA USA ,0000 0001 2165 7675grid.266239.aDepartment of Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, CO USA
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Conway CC, Zinbarg RE, Mineka S, Craske MG. Core dimensions of anxiety and depression change independently during adolescence. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 126:160-172. [PMID: 28192011 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The developmental trajectories of emotional disorder symptoms during adolescence remain elusive, owing in part to a shortage of intensive longitudinal data. In the present study, we charted the temporal course of the tripartite model of anxiety and depression-which posits an overarching negative affect dimension and specific anhedonia and anxious arousal dimensions-over adolescence and emerging adulthood to construct a developmental map of the core dimensions of emotional disorders. We recruited 604 high school juniors, overselecting those at high risk for emotional disorders, and assessed the tripartite symptom domains 5 times annually. Latent curve modeling revealed that negative affect and anxious arousal declined over follow up, whereas anhedonia did not. Moreover, the correlation in rate of change varied across pairs of symptom domains. Change in negative affect was moderately correlated with change in anxious arousal, but change in anhedonia was not significantly related to change in any other domain. Symptom trajectories, and the pattern of covariation among trajectories, were equivalent across gender and comorbidity status. We discuss implications of these findings for developmental models of anxiety and depression, as well as transdiagnostic frameworks for emotional disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susan Mineka
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University
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13
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Weissman MM, Talati A, Hao X, Posner J. Risks for Major Depression: Searching for Stable Traits. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:7-8. [PMID: 29173707 PMCID: PMC5840868 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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14
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Mental Imagery Training Increases Wanting of Rewards and Reward Sensitivity and Reduces Depressive Symptoms. Behav Ther 2017; 48:695-706. [PMID: 28711118 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
High reward sensitivity and wanting of rewarding stimuli help to identify and motivate repetition of pleasant activities. This behavioral activation is thought to increase positive emotions. Therefore, both mechanisms are highly relevant for resilience against depressive symptoms. Yet, these mechanisms have not been targeted by psychotherapeutic interventions. In the present study, we tested a mental imagery training comprising eight 10-minute sessions every second day and delivered via the Internet to healthy volunteers (N = 30, 21 female, mean age of 23.8 years, Caucasian) who were preselected for low reward sensitivity. Participants were paired according to age, sex, reward sensitivity, and mental imagery ability. Then, members of each pair were randomly assigned to either the intervention or wait condition. Ratings of wanting and response bias toward probabilistic reward cues (Probabilistic Reward Task) served as primary outcomes. We further tested whether training effects extended to approach behavior (Approach Avoidance Task) and depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory). The intervention led to an increase in wanting (p < .001, η2p= .45) and reward sensitivity (p = .004, η2p= .27). Further, the training group displayed faster approach toward positive edibles and activities (p = .025, η2p= .18) and reductions in depressive symptoms (p = .028, η2p= .16). Results extend existing literature by showing that mental imagery training can increase wanting of rewarding stimuli and reward sensitivity. Further, the training appears to reduce depressive symptoms and thus may foster the successful implementation of exsiting treatments for depression such as behavioral activation and could also increase resilience against depressive symptoms.
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Young CB, Chen T, Nusslock R, Keller J, Schatzberg AF, Menon V. Anhedonia and general distress show dissociable ventromedial prefrontal cortex connectivity in major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e810. [PMID: 27187232 PMCID: PMC5070048 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anhedonia, the reduced ability to experience pleasure in response to otherwise rewarding stimuli, is a core symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD). Although the posterior ventromedial prefrontal cortex (pVMPFC) and its functional connections have been consistently implicated in MDD, their roles in anhedonia remain poorly understood. Furthermore, it is unknown whether anhedonia is primarily associated with intrinsic 'resting-state' pVMPFC functional connectivity or an inability to modulate connectivity in a context-specific manner. To address these gaps, a pVMPFC region of interest was first identified using activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. pVMPFC connectivity was then examined in relation to anhedonia and general distress symptoms of depression, using both resting-state and task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging involving pleasant music, in current MDD and healthy control groups. In MDD, pVMPFC connectivity was negatively correlated with anhedonia but not general distress during music listening in key reward- and emotion-processing regions, including nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area/substantia nigra, orbitofrontal cortex and insula, as well as fronto-temporal regions involved in tracking complex sound sequences, including middle temporal gyrus and inferior frontal gyrus. No such dissociations were observed in the healthy controls, and resting-state pVMPFC connectivity did not dissociate anhedonia from general distress in either group. Our findings demonstrate that anhedonia in MDD is associated with context-specific deficits in pVMPFC connectivity with the mesolimbic reward system when encountering pleasurable stimuli, rather than a static deficit in intrinsic resting-state connectivity. Critically, identification of functional circuits associated with anhedonia better characterizes MDD heterogeneity and may help track of one of its core symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Young
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - T Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - R Nusslock
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - J Keller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - A F Schatzberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - V Menon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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Kendall AD, Zinbarg RE, Mineka S, Bobova L, Prenoveau JM, Revelle W, Craske MG. Prospective associations of low positive emotionality with first onsets of depressive and anxiety disorders: Results from a 10-wave latent trait-state modeling study. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 124:933-43. [PMID: 26372005 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Unipolar depressive disorders and anxiety disorders co-occur at high rates and can be difficult to distinguish from one another. Cross-sectional evidence has demonstrated that whereas all these disorders are characterized by high negative emotion, low positive emotion shows specificity in its associations with depressive disorders, social anxiety disorder, and possibly generalized anxiety disorder. However, it remains unknown whether low positive emotionality, a personality trait characterized by the tendency to experience low positive emotion over time, prospectively marks risk for the initial development of these disorders. We aimed to help address this gap. Each year for up to 10 waves, participants (n = 627, mean age = 17 years at baseline) completed self-report measures of mood and personality and a structured clinical interview. A latent trait-state decomposition technique was used to model positive emotionality and related personality traits over the first 3 years of the study. Survival analyses were used to test the prospective associations of low positive emotionality with first onsets of disorders over the subsequent 6-year follow-up among participants with no relevant disorder history. The results showed that low positive emotionality was a risk marker for depressive disorders, social anxiety disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder, although evidence for its specificity to these disorders versus the remaining anxiety disorders was inconclusive. Additional analyses revealed that the risk effects were largely accounted for by the overlap of low positive emotionality with neuroticism. The implications for understanding the role of positive emotionality in depressive disorders and anxiety disorders are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susan Mineka
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University
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